Item 1. Business
General
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. (the “Corporation”), a Delaware corporation, was organized in January 1996 for the purpose of becoming the holding company of Provident Savings Bank, F.S.B. (the “Bank”) upon the Bank’s conversion from a federal mutual to a federal stock savings bank (“Conversion”). The Conversion was completed on June 27, 1996. At June 30, 2009, the Corporation had total assets of $1.6 billion, total deposits of $989.2 million and stockholders’ equity of $114.9 million. The Corporation has not engaged in any significant activity other than holding the stock of the Bank. Accordingly, the information set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Form 10-K”), including financial statements and related data, relates primarily to the Bank and its subsidiaries.
The Bank, founded in 1956, is a federally chartered stock savings bank headquartered in Riverside, California. The Bank is regulated by the Office of Thrift Supervision (“OTS”), its primary federal regulator, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), the insurer of its deposits. The Bank’s deposits are federally insured up to applicable limits by the FDIC. The Bank has been a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) - San Francisco since 1956.
The Bank is a financial services company committed to serving consumers and small to mid-sized businesses in the Inland Empire region of Southern California. The Bank conducts its business operations as Provident Bank, Provident Bank Mortgage (“PBM”), a division of the Bank, and through its subsidiary, Provident Financial Corp. The business activities of the Bank consist of community banking, mortgage banking, investment services and trustee services. Financial information regarding the Corporation’s two operating segments, Provident Bank and PBM, is contained in Note 17 to the Corporation’s audited consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
The Bank’s community banking operations primarily consist of accepting deposits from customers within the communities surrounding its full service offices and investing those funds in single-family, multi-family, commercial real estate, construction, commercial business, consumer and other loans. Mortgage banking activities primarily consist of the origination and sale of single-family mortgage loans (including second mortgages and equity lines of credit). Through its subsidiary, Provident Financial Corp, the Bank conducts trustee services for the Bank’s real estate transactions and in the past has held real estate for investment. The Bank now offers investment and insurance services directly, rather than through its subsidiary. See “Subsidiary Activities” on page 35 of this Form 10-K. The Bank’s revenues are derived principally from interest earned on its loan and investment portfolios, and fees generated through its community banking and mortgage banking activities.
On June 22, 2006, the Bank established the Provident Savings Bank Charitable Foundation (“Foundation”) in order to further its commitment to the local community. The specific purpose of the Foundation is to promote and provide for the betterment of youth, education, housing and the arts in the Bank’s primary market areas of Riverside and San Bernardino Counties. The Foundation was funded with a $500,000 charitable contribution made by the Bank in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006. The Bank has contributed $40,000 annually to the Foundation in fiscal 2009 and 2008, but did not contribute any funds to the Foundation in fiscal 2007.
Subsequent Events:
Cash dividend
On July 23, 2009, the Corporation announced a cash dividend of $0.01 per share on the Corporation’s outstanding shares of common stock for shareholders of record at the close of business on August 17, 2009, which was paid on September 11, 2009.
Market Area
The Bank is headquartered in Riverside, California and operates 13 full-service banking offices in Riverside County and one full-service banking office in San Bernardino County. Management considers Riverside and Western San Bernardino Counties to be the Bank’s primary market for deposits. Through the operations of PBM, the Bank has expanded its mortgage lending market to include a large portion of Southern California and a small portion of Northern California. As of June 30, 2009, there were three PBM loan production offices located in southern California (in Los Angeles, Riverside and San Bernardino counties) and one PBM loan production office in northern California (in Alameda county). PBM’s loan production offices include two wholesale loan offices through which the Bank maintains a network of loan correspondents. Most of the Bank’s business is conducted in the communities surrounding its full-service branches and loan production offices.
The large geographic area encompassing Riverside and San Bernardino Counties is referred to as the “Inland Empire.” According to 2000 Census Bureau population statistics, Riverside and San Bernardino Counties have the sixth and fifth largest county populations in California, respectively. The Bank’s market area consists primarily of suburban and urban communities. Western Riverside and San Bernardino Counties are relatively densely populated and are within the greater Los Angeles metropolitan area. The Inland Empire has enjoyed economic strength prior to the recent economic slowdown. Many corporations moved their offices and warehouses to the Inland Empire, which offers more affordable sites and more affordable housing for their employees. The recent economic slowdown, particularly in the real estate market, has affected property values nationwide, including the Inland Empire. The unemployment rate in the Inland Empire in June 2009 was 13.9%, compared to 11.6% in California and 9.5% nationwide, according to U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. This unemployment data confirms substantial economic deterioration as compared to the unemployment data reported in June 2008 of 8.0% in the Inland Empire, 6.9% in California and 5.5% nationwide.
However, Southern California home sales in July 2009 increased at the fastest pace in three years or for any month since December 2006. The sales volume in July 2009 for Southern California was 24,104 units, up 19% from the same month last year. The median home sales price in July 2009 rose slightly from June 2009, marking the third consecutive month-to-month gain but was down 23% from July 2008 (Source: DataQuick Information Systems - August 18, 2009 News Release). The number of foreclosure proceedings started against California homeowners fell slightly in the April 2009 through June 2009 period compared to the prior three month period but remained higher than the same period last year. Total default notices issued by lenders to California homeowners in the quarter ended June 30, 2009 was down 8% from the quarter ended March 31, 2009 but was up 2.4% from the quarter ended June 30, 2008 (Source: DataQuick Information Systems - July 22, 2009 News Release).
Competition
The Bank faces significant competition in its market area in originating real estate loans and attracting deposits. The rapid population growth in the Inland Empire has attracted numerous financial institutions to the Bank’s market area. The Bank’s primary competitors are large regional and super-regional commercial banks as well as other community-oriented banks and savings institutions. The Bank also faces competition from credit unions and a large number of mortgage companies that operate within its market area. Many of these institutions are significantly larger than the Bank and therefore have greater financial and marketing resources than the Bank. The Bank’s mortgage banking operations also face competition from mortgage bankers, brokers and other financial institutions. This competition may limit the Bank’s growth and profitability in the future. On the other hand, the recent economic slowdown and weakness in the real estate market has forced many financial institutions and mortgage banking companies out of business, which in turn suggests less competition and more opportunity for growth.
Personnel
As of June 30, 2009, the Bank had 328 full-time equivalent employees, which consisted of 266 full-time, 42 prime-time, 14 part-time and six temporary employees. The employees are not represented by a collective bargaining unit and the Bank believes that its relationship with employees is good.
Segment Reporting
Financial information regarding the Corporation’s operating segments is contained in Note 17 to the audited consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.
Internet Website
The Corporation maintains a website at www.myprovident.com. The information contained on that website is not included as a part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Other than an investor’s own internet access charges, the Corporation makes available free of charge through that website the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to these reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after these materials have been electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, the SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding companies that file electronically with the Commission. This information is available at www.sec.gov.
Lending Activities
General. The lending activity of the Bank is predominately comprised of the origination of first mortgage loans secured by single-family residential properties to be held for sale and, to a lesser extent, to be held for investment. The Bank also originates multi-family and commercial real estate loans and, to a lesser extent, construction, commercial business, consumer and other loans to be held for investment. Due to the decline in real estate values and deterioration of credit quality, particularly for single-family loans, and the Bank’s short-term strategy to improve liquidity and preserve capital, the Bank has reduced its goal for new loans held for investment, particularly single-family loans. The Bank’s net loans held for investment were $1.17 billion at June 30, 2009, representing approximately 73.8% of consolidated total assets. This compares to $1.37 billion, or 83.8% of consolidated total assets, at June 30, 2008.
At June 30, 2009, the maximum amount that the Bank could have loaned to any one borrower and the borrower's related entities under applicable regulations was $19.3 million, or 15% of the Bank’s unimpaired capital and surplus. At June 30, 2009, the Bank had no loans or group of loans to related borrowers with outstanding balances in excess of this amount. The Corporation’s five largest lending relationships at June 30, 2009 consists of seven multi-family loans totaling $5.1 million and two commercial real estate loans totaling $2.2 million to one group of borrowers; one commercial real estate loan totaling $6.4 million to one borrower, two commercial real estate loans totaling $6.0 million to one borrower; two commercial real estate loans totaling $5.9 million to one borrower; and three multi-family loans totaling $5.5 million to one borrower. The collateral properties of these loans are located in Southern California. At June 30, 2009, all of these loans were performing in accordance with their repayment terms.
At June 30, 2009, the Bank had 10 other loans in excess of $4.0 million to a single borrower or group of related borrowers with collateral located primarily in Southern California, all of which were performing in accordance with their repayment terms.
Loans Held For Investment Analysis. The following table sets forth the composition of the Bank’s loans held for investment at the dates indicated.
Maturity of Loans Held for Investment. The following table sets forth information at June 30, 2009 regarding the dollar amount of principal payments becoming contractually due during the periods indicated for loans held for investment. Demand loans, loans having no stated schedule of principal payments, loans having no stated maturity, and overdrafts are reported as becoming due within one year. The table does not include any estimate of prepayments, which can significantly shorten the average life of loans held for investment and may cause the Bank’s actual principal payment experience to differ materially from that shown below.
The following table sets forth the dollar amount of all loans held for investment due after June 30, 2010 which have fixed and floating or adjustable interest rates.
Scheduled contractual principal payments of loans do not reflect the actual life of such assets. The average life of loans is substantially less than their contractual terms because of prepayments. In addition, due-on-sale clauses generally give the Bank the right to declare loans immediately due and payable in the event, among other things, the borrower sells the real property that secures the loan. The average life of mortgage loans tends to increase, however, when current market interest rates are substantially higher than the interest rates on existing loans held for investment and, conversely, decrease when the interest rates on existing loans held for investment are substantially higher than current market interest rates.
Single-Family Mortgage Loans. The Bank’s predominant lending activity is the origination by PBM of loans secured by first mortgages on owner-occupied, single-family (one to four units) residences in the communities where the Bank has established full service branches and loan production offices. At June 30, 2009, total single-family loans held for investment decreased to $694.4 million, or 57.5% of the total loans held for investment, from $808.8 million, or 58.2% of the total loans held for investment, at June 30, 2008. The decrease in the single-family loans in fiscal 2009 was primarily attributable to loan principal payments and real estate owned acquired in the settlement of loans, partly offset by new loans originated for investment.
The Bank’s residential mortgage loans are generally underwritten and documented in accordance with guidelines established by major Wall Street firms, institutional loan buyers, Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae and the Federal Housing Administration (collectively, “the secondary market”). All government insured loans are generally underwritten and documented in accordance with the guidelines established by Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae, the Department of Housing and Urban Development (“HUD”), Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”) and the Veterans’ Administration (“VA”). Loans are normally classified as either conforming (meeting agency criteria) or non-conforming (meeting an investor’s criteria). These non-conforming loans are additionally classified as “A” or “Alt-A“. The “A” loans are typically those that exceed agency loan limits but closely mirror agency underwriting criteria. The “Alt-A” loans are underwritten to expanded guidelines allowing a borrower with good credit a broader range of product choices. The “Alt-A” criteria includes interest-only loans, stated-income loans and greater than 30-year amortization loans. Given the recent market environment, PBM curtailed the origination of “Alt-A” non-conforming loans in the third quarter of fiscal 2008 and has expanded the production of FHA, VA, Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae loans.
Until September 2008, the Bank offered closed-end, fixed-rate home equity loans that are secured by the borrower’s primary residence. These loans do not exceed 100% of the appraised value of the residence and have terms of up to 15 years requiring monthly payments of principal and interest. At June 30, 2009, home equity loans amounted to $3.3 million or 0.5% of single-family loans, as compared to $4.2 million or 0.5% of single-family loans at June 30, 2008. The Bank also offered secured lines of credit, which are generally secured by a second mortgage on the borrower’s primary residence. Secured lines of credit have an interest rate that is typically one to two percentage points above the prime lending rate. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, the outstanding secured lines of credit were $1.7 million and $2.0 million, respectively. PBM also curtailed the origination of home equity loans and secured lines of credit in the second quarter of fiscal 2008 as a result of the deterioration in the single-family real estate values.
The Bank offers adjustable rate mortgage (“ARM”) loans at rates and terms competitive with market conditions. Substantially all of the ARM loans originated by the Bank meet the underwriting standards of the secondary market. The Bank offers several ARM products, which adjust monthly, semi-annually, or annually after an initial fixed period ranging from one month to five years subject to a limitation on the annual increase of one to two percentage points and an overall limitation of three to six percentage points. The following indexes, plus a margin of 2.00% to 3.25%, are used to calculate the periodic interest rate changes; the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), the FHLB Eleventh District cost of funds (“COFI”), the 12-month average U.S. Treasury (“12 MAT”) or the weekly average yield on one year U.S. Treasury securities adjusted to a constant maturity of one year (“CMT”). Loans based on the LIBOR index constitute a majority of the Bank’s loans held for investment. The majority of the ARM loans held for investment have three- or five-year fixed periods prior to the first adjustment (“3/1 or 5/1 hybrids”), and do not require principal amortization for up to 120 months. Loans of this type have embedded interest rate risk if interest rates should rise during the initial fixed rate period. Given the recent market environment, the loan production of ARM loans has been substantially reduced, in favor of fixed rate mortgages.
In fiscal 2006, during the Bank’s 50th Anniversary, the Bank offered 50-year single-family mortgage loans. At June 30, 2009, the Bank had 41 loans outstanding for $16.4 million with a 50-year term, compared to 48 loans for $19.7 million at June 30, 2008.
As of June 30, 2009, the Bank had $66.5 million in mortgage loans that are subject to negative amortization, which consist of $41.1 million of multi-family loans, $15.3 million of commercial real estate loans, $10.0 million of single-family loans and $100,000 of commercial business loans. This compares to $80.0 million at June 30, 2008, which consisted of $45.1 million of multi-family loans, $22.0 million of commercial real estate loans and $12.9 million of single-family loans. Negative amortization involves a greater risk to the Bank. During a period of high interest rates, the loan principal balance may increase by up to 115% of the original loan amount.
Borrower demand for ARM loans versus fixed-rate mortgage loans is a function of the level of interest rates, the expectations of changes in the level of interest rates and the difference between the initial interest rates and fees charged for each type of loan. The relative amount of fixed-rate mortgage loans and ARM loans that can be originated at any time is largely determined by the demand for each product in a given interest rate and competitive environment.
The retention of ARM loans, rather than fixed-rate loans, helps to reduce the Bank’s exposure to changes in interest rates. There is, however, unquantifiable credit risk resulting from the potential of increased interest charges to be paid by the borrower as a result of increases in interest rates or the expiration of interest-only periods. It is possible that, during periods of rising interest rates, the risk of default on ARM loans may increase as a result of the increase in the required payment from the borrower. Furthermore, the risk of default may increase because ARM loans originated by the Bank occasionally provide, as a marketing incentive, for initial rates of interest below those rates that would apply if the adjustment index plus the applicable margin were initially used for pricing. Such loans are subject to increased risks of default or delinquency. Additionally, while ARM loans allow the Bank to decrease the sensitivity of its assets as a result of changes in interest rates, the extent of this interest sensitivity is limited by the periodic and lifetime interest rate adjustment limits.
In addition to fully amortizing ARM loans, the Bank has interest-only ARM loans, which typically have a fixed interest rate for the first three to five years, followed by a periodic adjustable interest rate, coupled with an interest only payment of three to ten years, followed by a fully amortizing loan payment for the remaining term. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, interest-only, first trust deed, ARM loans were $485.6 million and $596.1 million, or 40.1% and 43.1%, respectively, of the loans held for investment. Furthermore, because loan indexes may not respond perfectly to changes in market interest rates, upward adjustments on loans may occur more slowly than increases in the Bank’s cost of interest-bearing liabilities, especially during periods of rapidly increasing interest rates. Because of these characteristics, the Bank has no assurance that yields on ARM loans will be sufficient to offset increases in the Bank’s cost of funds.
The following table describes certain credit risk characteristics of the Corporation’s single-family, first trust deed, mortgage loans held for investment as of June 30, 2009:
(1)
The outstanding balance presented on this table may overlap more than one category. Of the outstanding balance, $59.8 million of “Interest Only,” $49.9 million of “Stated Income,” $3.3 million of “FICO Less Than or Equal to 660,” and $1.5 million of “Over 30-Year Amortization” balances were non-performing.
(2)
The FICO score represents the creditworthiness of a borrower based on the borrower’s credit history, as reported by an independent third party. A higher FICO score indicates a greater degree of creditworthiness. Bank regulators have issued guidance stating that a FICO score of 660 and below is indicative of a “subprime” borrower.
(3)
LTV (loan-to-value) is the ratio calculated by dividing the original loan balance by the lower of the original appraised value or purchase price of the real estate collateral.
(4)
Seasoning describes the number of years since the funding date of the loan.
(5)
Stated income is defined as the level of income the borrower stated on his/her loan application, which is not subject to verification during the loan origination process.
The Bank’s lending policy generally limits loan amounts for conventional first trust deed loans to 97% of the appraised value or purchase price of a property, whichever is lower. The higher loan-to-value ratios are available on certain government-insured or investor programs. The Bank generally requires borrower paid private mortgage insurance on first trust deed residential loans with loan-to-value ratios exceeding 80% at the time of origination.
During the course of fiscal 2009, the Bank implemented more conservative underwriting standards commensurate with the deteriorating real estate market conditions. The Bank requires verified documentation of income and assets, has limited the maximum loan-to-value to the lower of 90% of the appraised value or purchase price of the property, requires borrower paid or lender paid mortgage insurance for loan-to-value ratios greater than 75%, eliminated cash-out refinance programs, and limits the loan-to-value on non-owner occupied transactions to the lower of 65% of the appraised value or purchase price of the property.
The following table provides a detailed breakdown of the Bank’s single-family, first trust deed, mortgage loans held for investment by the year of origination and geographic location as of June 30, 2009:
(1)
Current loan balance in comparison to the original appraised value. Due to the decline in single-family real estate values, the weighted average LTV presented above may be significantly understated to current market values.
Multi-Family and Commercial Real Estate Mortgage Loans. At June 30, 2009, multi-family mortgage loans were $372.6 million and commercial real estate loans were $122.7 million, or 30.9% and 10.2%, respectively, of loans held for investment. Consistent with its strategy to diversify the composition of loans held for investment, the Bank has made the origination and purchase of multi-family and commercial real estate loans a priority. At June 30, 2009, the Bank had 473 multi-family and 158 commercial real estate loans in loans held for investment.
Multi-family mortgage loans originated by the Bank are predominately adjustable rate loans, including 3/1, 5/1 and 10/1 hybrids, with a term to maturity of 10 to 30 years and a 25 to 30 year amortization schedule. Commercial real estate loans originated by the Bank are also predominately adjustable rate loans, including 3/1 and 5/1 hybrids, with a term to maturity of 10 years and a 25 year amortization schedule. Rates on multi-family and commercial real estate ARM loans generally adjust monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or annually at a specific margin over the respective interest rate index, subject to annual interest rate caps and life-of-loan interest rate caps. At June 30, 2009, $256.7 million, or 68.9%, of the Bank’s multi-family loans were secured by five to 36 unit projects and were primarily located in Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino and San Diego Counties. The Bank’s commercial real estate loan portfolio generally consists of loans secured by small office buildings, light industrial centers, mini warehouses and small retail centers, primarily located in Southern California. The Bank originates multi-family and commercial real estate loans in amounts typically ranging from $350,000 to $4.0 million. At June 30, 2009, the Bank had 65 commercial real estate and multi-family loans with principal balances greater than $1.5 million totaling $163.1 million, all of which were performing in accordance with their terms as of June 30, 2009. The Bank obtains appraisals on properties that secure multi-family and commercial real estate loans. Underwriting of multi-family and commercial real estate loans includes, among other considerations, a thorough analysis of the cash flows generated by the property to support the debt service and the financial resources, experience and income level of the borrowers.
Multi-family and commercial real estate loans afford the Bank an opportunity to receive higher interest rates than those generally available from single-family mortgage loans. However, loans secured by such properties are generally greater in amount, more difficult to evaluate and monitor and are more susceptible to default as a result of general economic conditions and, therefore, involve a greater degree of risk than single-family residential mortgage loans. Because payments on loans secured by multi-family and commercial properties are often dependent on the successful operation and management of the properties, repayment of such loans may be impacted by adverse conditions in the real estate market or the economy. The multi-family and commercial real estate loans are primarily located in Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino and San Diego Counties. At June 30, 2009, the Bank has $4.9 million, net of specific loan loss reserve, of non-performing multi-family loans and $2.7 million, net of specific loan loss reserve, of non-performing commercial real estate loans, with no other multi-family or commercial real estate loans past due 30 to 89 days. Non-performing loans and delinquent loans may increase as a result of the general decline in Southern California real estate markets and poor general economic conditions.
The following table provides a detailed breakdown of the Bank’s multi-family mortgage loans held for investment by the year of origination and geographic location as of June 30, 2009:
(1)
Current loan balance in comparison to the original appraised value. Due to the decline in multi-family real estate values, the weighted average LTV presented above may be significantly understated to current market values.
(2) At time of loan origination.
The following table provides a detailed breakdown of the Bank’s commercial real estate mortgage loans held for investment by the year of origination and geographic location as of June 30, 2009:
(1)
Current loan balance in comparison to the original appraised value. Due to the decline in commercial real estate values, the weighted average LTV presented above may be significantly understated to current market values.
(2) At time of loan origination.
(3)
Comprised of the following: $28.3 million in Office; $29.2 million in Retail; $15.2 million in Light Industrial/Manufacturing; $6.6 million in Warehouse; $12.4 million in Mixed Use; $10.7 million in Medical/Dental Office; $4.1 million in Restaurant/Fast Food; $3.7 million in Mini-Storage; $3.2 million in Research and Development; $2.7 million in Mobile Home Parks; $1.9 million in Hotel and Motel; $1.8 million in Automotive - Non Gasoline; $1.3 million in School; and $1.6 million in Other.
Construction Mortgage Loans. The Bank originates two types of residential construction loans: short-term construction loans and construction/permanent loans. At June 30, 2009, the Bank’s construction loans (gross of undisbursed loan funds) were $4.5 million, or 0.4% of loans held for investment, a decrease of $28.4 million, or 86%, during fiscal 2009. Undisbursed loan funds at June 30, 2009 and 2008 were $87,000 and $7.6 million, respectively. The decrease in construction loans was primarily attributable to management’s decision in fiscal 2006 to reduce tract construction loan originations (given unfavorable real estate market conditions). The decrease was also attributable to loan payoffs and construction loans converted to permanent loans. Total loan payoffs during fiscal 2009 were $22.2 million and total construction loans (converted to permanent loans) during fiscal 2009 were $4.5 million. Total loan originations of construction mortgage loans declined $12.9 million, or 98%, to $265,000 in fiscal 2009 from $13.2 million in fiscal 2008.
The composition of the Bank’s construction loan portfolio is as follows:
Short-term construction loans include three types of loans: custom construction, tract construction, and speculative construction. Additionally, the Bank makes short-term (18 to 36 month) lot loans to facilitate land acquisition prior to the start of construction. The Bank also provides construction financing for multi-family and commercial real estate properties. As of June 30, 2009, total commercial real estate construction loans were $400,000 with no undisbursed loan funds. The Bank has no multi-family construction loans as of June 30, 2009. Custom construction loans were made to individuals who, at the time of application, have a contract executed with a builder to construct their residence. Custom construction loans are generally originated for a term of 12 months, with adjustable interest rates at the prime lending rate plus a margin and with loan-to-value ratios of up to 80% of the appraised value of the completed property. The Bank may or may not allow interest reserves as part of the loan amount. The owner secures long-term permanent financing at the completion of construction. At June 30, 2009, custom construction loans were $2.0 million, with undisbursed loan funds of $55,000. In fiscal 2006, the Bank significantly curtailed its construction loan programs due to its belief that real estate values were unsustainable and the perceived risks associated with these types of loans were excessive.
The custom construction loan balance includes a single-family construction project located in Coachella, California, which was classified non-performing in December 2006. The Bank believes that the loans were fraudulently obtained and has filed lawsuits alleging loan fraud by the 23 individual borrowers, misrepresentation fraud by the mortgage loan broker and misuse of funds fraud by the contractor, among others. Of the original 23 loans, 14 have been converted to real estate owned (“REO”). As of June 30, 2009, the REO balance outstanding was $389,000 and the loan balance outstanding was $250,000, net of specific loan loss reserves of $1.5 million. Given the number of parties involved, the complexity of the transaction and probable fraud, this matter is not expected to be resolved quickly.
The Bank makes tract construction loans to subdivision builders. These subdivisions are usually financed and built in phases. A thorough analysis of market trends and demand within the area are reviewed for feasibility. Generally, significant presales are required prior to commencement of construction. Tract construction may include the building and financing of model homes under a separate loan. The terms for tract construction loans range from 12 to 18 months with interest rates floating from 1.0% to 2.0% above the prime lending rate. The Bank may or may not allow interest reserves as part of the loan amount. At June 30, 2009, tract construction loans were $2.1 million, with $32,000 of undisbursed loan funds.
Speculative construction loans are made to home builders and are termed “speculative” because the home builder does not have, at the time of loan origination, a signed sale contract with a home buyer who has a commitment for
permanent financing with either the Bank or another lender for the finished home. The home buyer may be identified during or after the construction period. The builder may be required to debt service the speculative construction loan for a significant period of time after the completion of construction until the homebuyer is identified. At June 30, 2009, there were no speculative construction loans.
Construction/permanent loans automatically roll from the construction to the permanent phase. The construction phase of a construction/permanent loan generally lasts nine to 12 months and the interest rate charged is generally floating at prime or above and with a loan-to-value ratio of up to 80% of the appraised value of the completed property.
Construction loans under $1.0 million are approved by Bank personnel specifically designated to approve construction loans. The Bank’s Loan Committee, comprised of the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Lending Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Senior Vice President - PBM, Vice President - Loan Administration and Vice President - Business Banking Manager, approves all construction loans over $1.0 million. Prior to approval of any construction loan, an independent fee appraiser inspects the site and the Bank reviews the existing or proposed improvements, identifies the market for the proposed project, and analyzes the pro forma data and assumptions on the project. In the case of a tract or speculative construction loan, the Bank reviews the experience and expertise of the builder. The Bank obtains credit reports, financial statements and tax returns on the borrowers and guarantors, an independent appraisal of the project, and any other expert report necessary to evaluate the proposed project. In the event of cost overruns, the Bank requires the borrower to deposit their own funds into a loan-in-process account, which the Bank disburses consistent with the completion of the subject property pursuant to a revised disbursement schedule.
The construction loan documents require that construction loan proceeds be disbursed in increments as construction progresses. Disbursements are based on periodic on-site inspections by independent fee inspectors and Bank personnel. At inception, the Bank also requires borrowers to deposit funds into the loan-in-process account covering the difference between the actual cost of construction and the loan amount. The Bank regularly monitors the construction loan portfolio, economic conditions and housing inventory. The Bank’s property inspectors perform periodic inspections. The Bank believes that the internal monitoring system helps reduce many of the risks inherent in its construction loans.
Construction loans afford the Bank the opportunity to achieve higher interest rates and fees with shorter terms to maturity than its single-family mortgage loans. Construction loans, however, are generally considered to involve a higher degree of risk than single-family mortgage loans because of the inherent difficulty in estimating both a property’s value at completion of the project and the cost of the project. The nature of these loans is such that they are generally more difficult to evaluate and monitor. If the estimate of construction costs proves to be inaccurate, the Bank may be required to advance funds beyond the amount originally committed to permit completion of the project. If the estimate of value upon completion proves to be inaccurate, the Bank may be confronted with a project whose value is insufficient to assure full repayment. Projects may also be jeopardized by disagreements between borrowers and builders and by the failure of builders to pay subcontractors. Loans to builders to construct homes for which no purchaser has been identified carry additional risk because the payoff for the loan depends on the builder’s ability to sell the property prior to the time that the construction loan matures. The Bank has sought to address these risks by adhering to strict underwriting policies, disbursement procedures and monitoring practices. In addition, because the Bank’s construction lending is in its primary market area, changes in the local or regional economy and real estate market could adversely affect the Bank’s construction loans held for investment.
Other mortgage loans. At June 30, 2009, other mortgage loans, which consist of land loans, were $2.5 million, or 0.2%, of the Bank’s loans held for investment, a decrease of $1.2 million, or 32%, during fiscal 2009. The Bank makes land loans, primarily lot loans, to accommodate borrowers who intend to build on the land within a specified period of time. The majority of these land loans are for the construction of single-family residences; however, the Bank may make short-term loans on a limited basis for the construction of commercial properties. The terms generally require a fixed rate with maturity between 18 to 36 months.
Participation Loan Purchases and Sales. In an effort to expand production and diversify risk, the Bank purchases loan participations, with collateral primarily in California, which allows for greater geographic distribution of the Bank’s loans and increases loan production volume. The Bank solicits other lenders to purchase participating
interests in multi-family and commercial real estate loans. The Bank generally purchases between 50% and 100% of the total loan amount. When the Bank purchases a participation loan, the lead lender will usually retain a servicing fee, thereby decreasing the loan yield. This servicing fee is primarily offset by a reduction in the Bank’s operating expenses. As of June 30, 2009, total loans serviced by other financial institutions were $125.4 million, with $101.3 million serviced by a single financial institution. All properties serving as collateral for loan participations are inspected by an employee of the Bank or a third party inspection service prior to being approved by the Loan Committee and the Bank relies upon the same underwriting criteria required for those loans originated by the Bank. As of June 30, 2009, all loans serviced by others are performing according to their contractual agreements, except one loan of $400,000 (classified as substandard).
The Bank also sells participating interests in loans when it has been determined that it is beneficial to diversify the Bank’s risk. Participation sales enable the Bank to maintain acceptable loan concentrations and comply with the Bank’s loans to one borrower policy. Generally, selling a participating interest in a loan increases the yield to the Bank on the portion of the loan that is retained. The Bank did not sell any participation loans in fiscal 2009, while the Bank sold $2.0 million in participation loans in fiscal 2008.
Commercial Business Loans. The Bank has a Business Banking Department that primarily serves businesses located within the Inland Empire. Commercial business loans allow the Bank to diversify its lending and increase the average loan yield. As of June 30, 2009, commercial business loans were $9.2 million, or 0.8% of loans held for investment. These loans represent secured and unsecured lines of credit and term loans secured by business assets.
Commercial business loans are generally made to customers who are well known to the Bank and are generally secured by accounts receivable, inventory, business equipment and/or other assets. The Bank’s commercial business loans may be structured as term loans or as lines of credit. Lines of credit are made at variable rates of interest equal to a negotiated margin above the prime rate and term loans are at a fixed or variable rate. The Bank may also obtain personal guarantees from financially capable parties based on a review of personal financial statements. Commercial business term loans are generally made to finance the purchase of assets and have maturities of five years or less. Commercial lines of credit are typically made for the purpose of providing working capital and are usually approved with a term of one year or less.
Commercial business loans involve greater risk than residential mortgage loans and involve risks that are different from those associated with residential and commercial real estate loans. Real estate loans are generally considered to be collateral based lending with loan amounts based on predetermined loan to collateral values and liquidation of the underlying real estate collateral is viewed as the primary source of repayment in the event of borrower default. Although commercial business loans are often collateralized by equipment, inventory, accounts receivable or other business assets including real estate, the liquidation of collateral in the event of a borrower default is often an insufficient source of repayment because accounts receivable may not be collectible and inventories and equipment may be obsolete or of limited use. Accordingly, the repayment of a commercial business loan depends primarily on the creditworthiness of the borrower (and any guarantors), while liquidation of collateral is secondary and oftentimes an insufficient source of repayment. At June 30, 2009, the Bank has $1.2 million of non-performing commercial business loans. During fiscal 2009, the Bank did not have any charge-offs on commercial business loans.
Consumer Loans. At June 30, 2009, the Bank’s consumer loans were $1.2 million, or 0.1% of the Bank’s loans held for investment, an increase of $526,000, or 84%, during fiscal 2009. The Bank offers open-ended lines of credit on either a secured or unsecured basis. The Bank offers secured savings lines of credit which have an interest rate that is four percentage points above the FHLB Eleventh District COFI, which adjusts monthly. Secured savings lines of credit at June 30, 2009 and 2008 were $904,000 and $393,000, respectively, and are included in consumer loans.
Consumer loans potentially have a greater risk than residential mortgage loans, particularly in the case of loans that are unsecured. Consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower’s ongoing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be adversely affected by job loss, illness or personal bankruptcy. Furthermore, the application of various federal and state laws, including federal and state bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount that can be recovered on such loans. At June 30, 2009, the Bank had no consumer loans accounted for on a non-performing basis.
Mortgage Banking Activities
General. Mortgage banking involves the origination and sale of single-family mortgages (first and second trust deeds), including equity lines of credit, by PBM (which operates as a division of the Bank) for the purpose of generating gains on sale of loans and fee income on the origination of loans. PBM also originates single-family loans to be held for investment. Due to the recent economic and real estate conditions and consistent with the Bank’s short-term strategy, PBM has been limited to originate loans for sale, primarily to institutional investors. Given current pricing in the mortgage markets, the Bank sells the majority of its loans on a servicing-released basis. Generally, the level of loan sale activity and, therefore, its contribution to the Bank’s profitability depends on maintaining a sufficient volume of loan originations. Changes in the level of interest rates and the local economy affect the number of loans originated by PBM and, thus, the amount of loan sales, net interest income and loan fees earned. Originations of loans during fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $1.33 billion, $514.9 million and $1.31 billion, respectively. The increase in loan originations in fiscal 2009 was primarily due to a significant decline in mortgage interest rates and less competition. The decline in mortgage rates was primarily a result of the unprecedented actions taken by the U.S. Department of Treasury and Federal Reserve to reduce interest rates in response to the global credit crisis. Of the total PBM loan originations, loans originated for investment were $9.4 million, $119.3 million and $205.6 million in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Loan Solicitation and Processing. The Bank’s mortgage banking operations consist of both wholesale and retail loan originations. The Bank’s wholesale loan production utilizes a network of approximately 1,557 loan brokers approved by the Bank who originate and submit loans at a markup over the Bank’s daily published price. Wholesale loans originated for sale in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $1.06 billion, $260.1 million and $816.9 million, respectively. PBM has two regional wholesale lending offices: one in Pleasanton and one in Rancho Cucamonga, California.
PBM’s retail loan production utilizes loan officers, underwriters and processors. PBM’s loan officers generate retail loan originations primarily through referrals from realtors, builders, employees and customers. As of June 30, 2009, PBM operated stand-alone retail loan production offices in Glendora and Riverside, California. Generally, the cost of retail operations exceeds the cost of wholesale operations as a result of the additional employees needed for retail operations. However, the revenue per mortgage for retail originations is generally higher since the origination fees are retained by the Bank. Retail loans originated for sale in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $259.3 million, $135.5 million and $290.2 million, respectively.
The Bank requires evidence of marketable title, lien position, loan-to-value, title insurance and appraisals on all properties. The Bank also requires evidence of fire and casualty insurance on the value of improvements. As stipulated by federal regulations, the Bank requires flood insurance to protect the property securing its interest if such property is located in a designated flood area.
Loan Commitments and Rate Locks. The Bank issues commitments for residential mortgage loans conditioned upon the occurrence of certain events. Such commitments are made with specified terms and conditions. Interest rate locks are generally offered to prospective borrowers for up to a 60-day period. The borrower may lock in the rate at any time from application until the time they wish to close the loan. Occasionally, borrowers obtaining financing on new home developments are offered rate locks for up to 120 days from application. The Bank’s outstanding commitments to originate loans to be held for sale were $104.6 million at June 30, 2009 (see Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 of this Form 10-K). When the Bank issues a loan commitment to a borrower, there is a risk to the Bank that a rise in interest rates will reduce the value of the mortgage before it can be closed and sold. To control the interest rate risk caused by mortgage banking activities, the Bank uses loan sale commitments and over-the-counter put and call option contracts related to mortgage-backed securities. If the Bank is unable to reasonably predict the amount of loan commitments which may not fund (fallout), the Bank may enter into “best-efforts” loan sale commitments (see “Derivative Activities” on page 18 of this Form 10-K).
Loan Origination and Other Fees. The Bank may receive origination points and loan fees. Origination points are a percentage of the principal amount of the mortgage loan, which is charged to a borrower for funding a loan. The amount of points charged by the Bank ranges from 0% to 2%. Current accounting standards require points and fees received for originating loans held for investment (net of certain loan origination costs) to be deferred and amortized
into interest income over the contractual life of the loan. Origination fees and costs for loans originated for sale are deferred until the related loans are sold. Net deferred fees or costs associated with loans that are prepaid or sold are recognized as income or expense at the time of prepayment or sale. At June 30, 2009, the Bank had $4.2 million of unamortized deferred loan origination costs (net) in loans held for investment.
Loan Originations, Sales and Purchases. The Bank’s mortgage originations include loans insured by the FHA and VA as well as conventional loans. Except for loans originated as held for investment, loans originated through mortgage banking activities are intended for eventual sale into the secondary market. As such, these loans must meet the origination and underwriting criteria established by investors. The Bank sells a large percentage of the mortgage loans that it originates as whole loans to institutional investors. The Bank also sells conventional whole loans to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (see “Derivative Activities” on page 18 of this Form 10-K).
The following table shows the Bank’s loan originations, purchases, sales and principal repayments during the periods indicated.
(1)
Includes PBM loans originated for sale during fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 totaling $1.32 billion, $395.6 million and $1.11 billion, respectively.
(2)
Includes PBM loans sold during fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 totaling $1.20 billion, $368.3 million and $1.10 billion, respectively.
(3)
Includes PBM loans originated for investment during fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 totaling $9.4 million, $119.3 million and $205.6 million, respectively.
(4)
Includes net changes in undisbursed loan funds, deferred loan fees or costs, allowance for loan losses and fair value of loans held for sale.
Mortgage loans sold to institutional investors generally are sold without recourse other than standard representations and warranties. Generally, mortgage loans sold to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are sold on a non-recourse basis and foreclosure losses are generally the responsibility of the purchaser and not the Bank, except in the case of FHA
and VA loans used to form Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) pools, which are subject to limitations on the FHA’s and VA’s loan guarantees.
Loans previously sold by the Bank to the FHLB - San Francisco under its Mortgage Partnership Finance (“MPF”) program also have a recourse provision. The FHLB - San Francisco absorbs the first four basis points of loss, and a credit scoring process is used to calculate the recourse amount to the Bank. All losses above this calculated recourse amount are the responsibility of the FHLB - San Francisco in addition to the first four basis points of loss. The FHLB - San Francisco pays the Bank a credit enhancement fee on a monthly basis to compensate the Bank for accepting the recourse obligation. As of June 30, 2009, the Bank serviced $130.7 million of loans under this program and has established a recourse reserve of $144,000. To date, no losses have been experienced. FHLB - San Francisco discontinued the MPF program on October 6, 2006.
Occasionally, the Bank is required to repurchase loans sold to Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or institutional investors if it is determined that such loans do not meet the credit requirements of the investor, or if one of the parties involved in the loan misrepresented pertinent facts, committed fraud, or if such loans were 30 days past due within 120 days of the loan funding date. During fiscal 2009, the Bank repurchased $4.0 million of single-family mortgage loans as compared to $4.5 million in fiscal 2008 and $14.6 million in fiscal 2007.
Derivative Activities. Mortgage banking involves the risk that a rise in interest rates will reduce the value of a mortgage before it can be sold. This type of risk occurs when the Bank commits to an interest rate lock on a borrower’s application during the origination process and interest rates increase before the loan can be sold. Such interest rate risk also arises when mortgages are placed in the warehouse (i.e., held for sale) without locking in an interest rate for their eventual sale in the secondary market. The Bank seeks to control or limit the interest rate risk caused by mortgage banking activities. The two methods used by the Bank to help reduce interest rate risk from its mortgage banking activities are loan sale commitments and the purchase of over-the-counter put option contracts related to mortgage-backed securities. At various times, depending on loan origination volume and management’s assessment of projected loan fallout, the Bank may reduce or increase its derivative positions. If the Bank is unable to reasonably predict the amount of loan commitments which may not fund (fallout), the Bank may enter into “best-efforts” loan sale commitments rather than “mandatory” loan sale commitments. Mandatory loan sale commitments may include whole loan and/or To-Be-Announced MBS (“TBA-MBS”) loan sale commitments.
Under mandatory loan sale commitments, usually with Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or institutional investors, the Bank is obligated to sell certain dollar amounts of mortgage loans that meet specific underwriting and legal criteria before the expiration of the commitment period. These terms include the maturity of the individual loans, the yield to the purchaser, the servicing spread to the Bank (if servicing is retained) and the maximum principal amount of the individual loans. The mandatory loan sale commitments protect loan sale prices from interest rate fluctuations that may occur from the time the interest rate of the loan is established to the time of its sale. The amount of and delivery date of the loan sale commitments are based upon management’s estimates as to the volume of loans that will close and the length of the origination commitments. The mandatory loan sale commitments do not provide complete interest-rate protection, however, because of the possibility of fallout (i.e., the failure to fund) during the origination process. Differences between the estimated volume and timing of loan originations and the actual volume and timing of loan originations can expose the Bank to significant losses. If the Bank is not able to deliver the mortgage loans during the appropriate delivery period, the Bank may be required to pay a non-delivery fee or repurchase the delivery commitments at current market prices. Similarly, if the Bank has too many loans to deliver, the Bank must execute additional loan sale commitments at current market prices, which may be unfavorable to the Bank. Generally, the Bank seeks to maintain loan sale commitments equal to the funded loans held for sale at fair value, funded loans held for sale at lower of cost or market plus those applications that the Bank has rate locked and/or committed to close, adjusted by the projected fallout. The ultimate accuracy of such projections will directly bear upon the amount of interest rate risk incurred by the Bank.
In order to reduce the interest rate risk associated with commitments to originate loans that are in excess of loan sale commitments, the Bank purchases over-the-counter put or call option contracts on government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities.
The activities described above are managed continually as markets change; however, there can be no assurance that the Bank will be successful in its effort to eliminate the risk of interest rate fluctuations between the time origination
commitments are issued and the ultimate sale of the loan. The Bank completes a daily analysis, which reports the Bank’s interest rate risk position with respect to its loan origination and sale activities. The Bank’s interest rate risk management activities are conducted in accordance with a written policy that has been approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors which covers objectives, functions, instruments to be used, monitoring and internal controls. The Bank does not enter into option positions for trading or speculative purposes and does not enter into option contracts that could generate a financial obligation beyond the initial premium paid. The Bank does not apply hedge accounting to its derivative financial instruments; therefore, all changes in fair value are recorded in earnings.
At June 30, 2009, the Bank had no commitments regarding put option contracts or call option contracts outstanding. At June 30, 2009, the Bank had outstanding mandatory loan sale commitments of $207.2 million, best-efforts loan sale commitments of $12.8 million and commitments to originate loans to be held for sale of $104.6 million (see Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 of this Form 10-K). Additionally, as of June 30, 2009, the Bank’s loans held for sale at fair value were $135.5 million and loans held for sale at the lower of cost or market were $10.6 million, which are also covered by the loan sale commitments described above. For fiscal 2009, the Bank had a net gain of $2.3 million attributable to the underlying derivative financial instruments used to mitigate the interest rate risk of its mortgage banking activities.
Loan Servicing
The Bank receives fees from a variety of institutional investors in return for performing the traditional services of collecting individual loan payments. At June 30, 2009, the Bank was servicing $156.0 million of loans for others, a decline from $181.0 million at June 30, 2008. The decrease was primarily attributable to loan prepayments. Loan servicing includes processing payments, accounting for loan funds and collecting and paying real estate taxes, hazard insurance and other loan-related items such as private mortgage insurance. After the Bank receives the gross mortgage payment from individual borrowers, it remits to the investor a predetermined net amount based on the loan sale agreement for that mortgage.
Servicing assets are amortized in proportion to and over the period of the estimated net servicing income and are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. The fair value of servicing assets is determined by calculating the present value of the estimated net future cash flows consistent with contractually specified servicing fees. The Bank periodically evaluates servicing assets for impairment, which is measured as the excess of cost over fair value. This review is performed on a disaggregated basis, based on loan type and interest rate. Generally, loan servicing becomes more valuable when interest rates rise (as prepayments typically decrease) and less valuable when interest rates decline (as prepayments typically increase). In estimating fair values at June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Bank used a weighted average Constant Prepayment Rate (“CPR”) of 24.60% and 8.58%, respectively, and a weighted-average discount rate of 9.00% and 9.00%, respectively. At June 30, 2009, the required impairment reserve against servicing assets was $72,000, as compared to no reserves at June 30, 2008. The increase in impairment reserve was due primarily to expected higher prepayments resulting from lower mortgage interest rates. In aggregate, servicing assets had a carrying value of $522,000 and a fair value of $901,000 at June 30, 2009, compared to a carrying value of $673,000 and a fair value of $1.4 million at June 30, 2008.
Rights to future income from serviced loans that exceed contractually specified servicing fees are recorded as interest-only strips. Interest-only strips are carried at fair value, utilizing the same assumptions used to calculate the value of the underlying servicing assets, with any unrealized gain or loss, net of tax, recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Interest-only strips had a fair value of $294,000, gross unrealized gains of $243,000 and an amortized cost of $51,000 at June 30, 2009, compared to a fair value of $419,000, gross unrealized gains of $286,000 and an amortized cost of $133,000 at June 30, 2008.
Delinquencies and Classified Assets
Delinquent Loans. When a mortgage loan borrower fails to make a required payment when due, the Bank initiates collection procedures. In most cases, delinquencies are cured promptly; however, if by the 90th day of delinquency, or sooner if the borrower is chronically delinquent, and all reasonable means of obtaining the payment have been
exhausted, foreclosure proceedings, according to the terms of the security instrument and applicable law, are initiated. Interest income is reduced by the full amount of accrued and uncollected interest on such loans.
A loan is placed on non-performing status when its contractual payments are more than 90 days delinquent or if the loan is deemed impaired. In addition, interest income is not recognized on any loan where management has determined that collection is not reasonably assured. A non-performing loan may be restored to accrual status when delinquent principal and interest payments are brought current and future monthly principal and interest payments are expected to be collected.
The following table sets forth delinquencies in the Bank’s loans held for investment as of the dates indicated, gross of specific loan loss reserves, if any.
The following table sets forth information with respect to the Bank’s non-performing assets and restructured loans, net of specific loan loss reserves, within the meaning of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS” or “Statement”) No. 15, “Accounting by Debtors and Creditors for Troubled Debt Restructurings,” at the dates indicated.
The Bank assesses loans individually and identifies impairment when the accrual of interest has been discontinued, loans have been restructured or management has serious doubts about the future collectibility of principal and
interest, even though the loans are currently performing. Factors considered in determining impairment include, but are not limited to, expected future cash flows, the financial condition of the borrower and current economic conditions. The Bank measures each impaired or non-performing loan based on the fair value of its collateral or discounted cash flow analysis and charges off those loans or portions of loans deemed uncollectible.
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, 92 loans for $41.5 million were modified from their original terms, were re-underwritten at current market interest rates and were identified in the Corporation’s asset quality reports as restructured loans. This compares to 32 loans for $10.5 million that were modified in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008. As of June 30, 2009, the outstanding balance of modified (restructured) loans was $40.9 million, comprised of 113 loans. These restructured loans are classified as follows: 31 loans are classified as pass, are not included in the classified asset totals and remain on accrual status ($10.8 million); one loan is classified as special mention and remains on accrual status ($328,000); 78 loans are classified as substandard on non-performing status ($29.8 million); and three loans are classified as loss and fully reserved. As of June 30, 2009, 83%, or $33.9 million of the restructured loans have a current payment status. Restructured loans are classified as “Substandard” and placed on non-performing status. The loans may be upgraded and placed on accrual status once there is a sustained period of payment performance (usually six months or longer) and there is a reasonable assurance that the payment will continue.
The following table shows the restructured loans by type, net of specific allowances, at June 30, 2009:
As of June 30, 2009, total non-performing assets were $88.3 million, or 5.59% of total assets, which was primarily comprised of: 190 single-family loans ($57.9 million), six multi-family loans ($4.9 million), seven commercial real estate loans ($2.7 million), 10 construction loans ($2.3 million, nine of which, or $250,000, are associated with the previously disclosed Coachella, California construction loan fraud), one undeveloped lot loan ($1.6 million), eight commercial business loans ($1.2 million), nine single-family loans repurchased from, or unable to sell to, investors
($1.3 million), and real estate owned comprised of 63 single-family properties ($15.1 million), one developed lot ($852,000) and 16 undeveloped lots acquired in the settlement of loans ($420,000, 14 of which, or $389,000, are associated with the Coachella, California construction loan fraud). As of June 30, 2009, 43%, or $30.7 million of non-performing loans have a current payment status, primarily restructured loans. Compared to June 30, 2008, total non-performing assets increased $55.8 million, or 172%, primarily due to the weakness in the California real estate market and the general economic downturn.
Foregone interest income, which would have been recorded for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 had the non-performing loans been current in accordance with their original terms, amounted to $4.6 million and was not included in the results of operations for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009.
Foreclosed Real Estate. Real estate acquired by the Bank as a result of foreclosure or by deed-in-lieu of foreclosure is classified as real estate owned until it is sold. When a property is acquired, it is recorded at the lower of its cost, which is the unpaid principal balance of the related loan plus foreclosure costs or its market value less the estimated cost of sale. Subsequent declines in value are charged to operations. As of June 30, 2009, the real estate owned balance was $16.4 million (80 properties), primarily single-family residences located in Southern California, compared to $9.4 million (45 properties) at June 30, 2008. In managing the real estate owned properties for quick disposition, the Corporation completes the necessary repairs and maintenance to the individual properties before listing for sale, obtains new appraisals and broker price opinions (“BPO”) to determine current market listing prices, and engages local realtors who are most familiar with real estate sub-markets, among others, which generally results in the quicker disposition of real estate owned.
Asset Classification. The OTS has adopted various regulations regarding the problem assets of savings institutions. The regulations require that each institution review and classify its assets on a regular basis. In addition, in connection with examinations of institutions, OTS examiners have the authority to identify problem assets and, if appropriate, require them to be classified. There are three classifications for problem assets: substandard, doubtful and loss. Substandard assets have one or more defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful assets have the weaknesses of substandard assets with the additional characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values questionable, and there is a high possibility of loss. An asset classified as a loss is considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuance as an asset of the institution is not warranted. If an asset or portion thereof is classified as loss, the institution establishes a specific loss allowance for the full amount or for the portion of the asset classified as loss. All or a portion of general allowances for loan losses established to cover probable losses related to assets classified substandard or doubtful may be included in determining an institution’s regulatory capital, while specific valuation allowances for loan losses generally do not qualify as regulatory capital. Assets that do not currently expose the institution to sufficient risk to warrant classification in one of the aforementioned categories but possess weaknesses are designated as special mention and are monitored by the Bank.
The aggregate amounts of the Bank’s classified assets, including loans designated as special mention, were as follows at the dates indicated:
Classified assets increased at June 30, 2009 from the June 30, 2008 level primarily due to additional loan classification downgrades resulting from the recent economic downturn and the decline in real estate market values. These classified assets are primarily located in Southern California.
As set forth below, loans classified as special mention and substandard as of June 30, 2009 were comprised of 283 loans totaling $99.7 million.
Not all of the Bank’s classified assets are delinquent or non-performing. In determining whether the Bank’s assets expose the Bank to sufficient risk to warrant classification, the Bank may consider various factors, including the payment history of the borrower, the loan-to-value ratio, and the debt coverage ratio of the property securing the loan. After consideration of these factors, the Bank may determine that the asset in question, though not currently delinquent, presents a risk of loss that requires it to be classified or designated as special mention. In addition, the Bank’s loans held for investment may include commercial and multi-family real estate loans with a balance exceeding the current market value of the collateral which are not classified because they are performing and have borrowers who have sufficient resources to support the repayment of the loan.
The Bank’s market area continues to experience difficult general economic conditions. The Bank anticipates that elevated delinquent loans and net charge-offs will continue to occur through the remainder of calendar 2009.
Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is maintained to cover losses inherent in the loans held for investment. In originating loans, the Bank recognizes that losses will be experienced and that the risk of loss will vary with, among others, the type of loan being made, the creditworthiness of the borrower over the term of the loan, general economic conditions and, in the case of a secured loan, the quality of the collateral securing the loan. The responsibility for the review of the Bank’s assets and the determination of the adequacy of the allowance lies with the Internal Asset Review Committee (“IAR Committee”). The Bank adjusts its allowance for loan losses by charging or crediting its provision for loan losses against the Bank’s operations.
The Bank has established a methodology for the determination of the provision for loan losses. The methodology is set forth in a formal policy and takes into consideration the need for an overall allowance for loan losses as well as specific allowances that are tied to individual loans. The Bank’s methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance consists of several key elements, which include the formula allowance and specific allowance for identified problem loans.
The formula allowance is calculated by applying loss factors to the loans held for investment. The loss factors are applied according to loan program type and loan classification. The loss factors for each program type and loan classification are established based on an evaluation of the historical loss experience, prevailing market conditions, concentration in loan types and other relevant factors. Homogeneous loans, such as residential mortgage, home equity and consumer installment loans are considered on a pooled loan basis. A factor is assigned to each pool based upon expected charge-offs for one year. The factors for larger, less homogeneous loans, such as construction, multi-family and commercial real estate loans, are based upon loss experience tracked over business cycles considered appropriate for the loan type.
Specific valuation allowances are established to absorb losses on loans for which full collectibility may not be reasonably assured as prescribed in SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan,” (as amended by SFAS No. 118). The amount of the specific allowance is based on the estimated value of the collateral securing the loan and other analyses pertinent to each situation. Estimates of identifiable losses are reviewed continually and, generally, a provision for losses is charged against operations on a monthly basis as necessary to maintain the allowance at an appropriate level. Management presents the minutes of the IAR Committee to the Bank’s Board of Directors on a quarterly basis, which summarizes the actions of the Committee.
The IAR Committee meets quarterly to review and monitor conditions in the portfolio and to determine the appropriate allowance for loan losses. To the extent that any of these conditions are apparent by identifiable problem credits or portfolio segments as of the evaluation date, the IAR Committee’s estimate of the effect of such conditions may be reflected as a specific allowance applicable to such credits or portfolio segments. Where any of these conditions is not apparent by specifically identifiable problem credits or portfolio segments as of the evaluation date, the IAR Committee’s evaluation of the probable loss related to such condition is reflected in the general allowance. The intent of the Committee is to reduce the differences between estimated and actual losses. Pooled loan factors are adjusted to reflect current estimates of charge-offs for the subsequent 12 months. Loss activity is reviewed for non-pooled loans and the loss factors adjusted, if necessary. By assessing the probable estimated losses inherent in the loans held for investment on a quarterly basis, the Bank is able to adjust specific and inherent loss estimates based upon the most recent information that has become available.
At June 30, 2009, the Bank had an allowance for loan losses of $45.4 million, or 3.75% of gross loans held for investment, compared to an allowance for loan losses at June 30, 2008 of $19.9 million, or 1.43% of gross loans held for investment. A $48.7 million provision for loan losses was recorded in fiscal 2009, compared to $13.1 million in fiscal 2008. The increase in provision for loan losses was attributable to the weakness in the general economic conditions and the decline in real estate values, primarily single-family real estate properties. Although management believes the best information available is used to make such provisions, future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary and results of operations could be significantly and adversely affected if circumstances differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the determinations.
The Corporation’s first trust deed, single-family mortgage loans held for investment contain certain non-traditional underwriting characteristics (e.g. interest-only, stated-income, negative amortization, FICO less than or equal to 660, and/or over 30-year amortization schedule) as described in Item 1 - Business - Single-Family Mortgage Loans in a table on page 7 of this Form 10-K. These loans may have a greater risk of default in comparison to single-family mortgage loans that have been underwritten with more stringent requirements. As a result, the Corporation may experience higher future levels of non-performing single-family loans that may require additional allowances for loan losses and may adversely affect the Bank’s financial condition and results of operations. As of June 30, 2009, the specific valuation allowance for impaired interest-only loans, impaired stated income loans and impaired negative amortization loans was $16.9 million, $12.6 million and $389,000, respectively (please note that each loan type may be described in more than one category under the concept generally known as “layered-risk”).
As a result of the decline in real estate values and the significant losses experienced by many financial institutions, there has been a higher level of scrutiny by regulatory authorities of the loan portfolio of financial institutions undertaken as a part of the examinations of such institutions. While the Bank believes that it has established its existing allowance for loan losses in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, there can be no assurance that regulators, in reviewing the Bank’s loan portfolio, will not recommend that the Bank significantly increase its allowance for loan losses. In addition, because future events affecting borrowers and collateral cannot be predicted with certainty, there can be no assurance that the existing allowance for loan losses is adequate or that substantial increases will not be necessary should the quality of any loans deteriorate as a result of the factors discussed above. Any material increase in the allowance for loan losses may adversely affect the Bank’s financial condition and results of operations.
The Bank has implemented more conservative underwriting standards commensurate with the deteriorating real estate market conditions. The Bank requires verified documentation of income and assets, has limited the maximum loan-to-value to the lower of 90% of the appraised value or purchase price of the property, requires borrower paid or lender paid mortgage insurance when the loan-to-value ratio exceeds 75%, eliminated cash-out refinance programs,
and limits the loan-to-value on non-owner occupied transactions to the lower of 65% of the appraised value or purchase price of the property.
The following table sets forth an analysis of the Bank’s allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated. Where specific loan loss reserves have been established, any differences between the loss allowances and the amount of loss realized has been charged or credited to current operations.
The following table sets forth the breakdown of the allowance for loan losses by loan category at the periods indicated. Management believes that the allowance can be allocated by category only on an approximate basis. The allocation of the allowance is based upon an asset classification matrix. The allocation of the allowance to each category is not necessarily indicative of future losses and does not restrict the use of the allowance to absorb losses in any other categories.
Investment Securities Activities
Federally chartered savings institutions are permitted under federal and state laws to invest in various types of liquid assets, including U.S. Treasury obligations, securities of various federal agencies and government sponsored enterprises and of state and municipal governments, deposits at the FHLB, certificates of deposit of federally insured institutions, certain bankers’ acceptances, mortgage-backed securities and federal funds. Subject to various restrictions, federally chartered savings institutions may also invest a portion of their assets in commercial paper and corporate debt securities. Savings institutions such as the Bank are also required to maintain an investment in FHLB - San Francisco stock.
The investment policy of the Bank, established by the Board of Directors and implemented by the Bank’s Asset-Liability Committee (“ALCO”), seeks to provide and maintain adequate liquidity, complement the Bank’s lending activities, and generate a favorable return on investments without incurring undue interest rate risk or credit risk. Investments are made based on certain considerations, such as yield, credit quality, maturity, liquidity and marketability. The Bank also considers the effect that the proposed investment would have on the Bank’s risk-based capital requirements and interest rate risk sensitivity.
At June 30, 2009, the Bank’s investment securities portfolio was $125.3 million, which primarily consisted of federal agency and government sponsored enterprise obligations. The Bank’s investment securities portfolio was classified as available for sale.
The following table sets forth the composition of the Bank’s investment portfolio at the dates indicated.
(1)
Mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”)
(2)
Collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMO”)
As of June 30, 2009, the Corporation held investments in a continuous unrealized loss position totaling $391,000, consisting of the following:
As of June 30, 2009, the unrealized holding losses relate to two adjustable-rate private issue CMO with an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months, primarily the result of perceived credit and liquidity concerns. Based on the nature of the investments (e.g. AAA rating, 2003 issuance, weighted average LTV of 57%, weighted average FICO score of 741, over collateralization, and senior tranche position) and the Bank’s ability and intent to hold the investments until maturity, management concluded that such unrealized losses were not other than temporary as of June 30, 2009.
The following table sets forth the outstanding balance, maturity and weighted average yield of the investment securities at June 30, 2009:
Deposit Activities and Other Sources of Funds
General. Deposits, the proceeds from loan sales and loan repayments are the major sources of the Bank’s funds for lending and other investment purposes. Scheduled loan repayments are a relatively stable source of funds, while deposit inflows and outflows are influenced significantly by general interest rates and money market conditions. Loan sales are also influenced significantly by general interest rates. Borrowings through the FHLB - San Francisco and repurchase agreements may be used to compensate for declines in the availability of funds from other sources.
Deposit Accounts. Substantially all of the Bank’s depositors are residents of the State of California. Deposits are attracted from within the Bank’s market area by offering a broad selection of deposit instruments, including checking, savings, money market and time deposits. Deposit account terms vary, differentiated by the minimum balance required, the time periods that the funds must remain on deposit and the interest rate, among other factors. In determining the terms of its deposit accounts, the Bank considers current interest rates, profitability to the Bank, interest rate risk characteristics, competition and its customer’s preferences and concerns. Generally, the Bank’s deposit rates are commensurate with the median rates of its competitors within a given market. The Bank may occasionally pay above-market interest rates to attract or retain deposits when less expensive sources of funds are not available. The Bank may also pay above-market interest rates in specific markets in order to increase the deposit base of a particular office or group of offices. The Bank reviews its deposit composition and pricing on a weekly basis.
The Bank generally offers time deposits for terms not exceeding five years. As illustrated in the following table, time deposits represented 64% of the Bank’s deposit portfolio at June 30, 2009, compared to 66% at June 30, 2008. At June 30, 2009, the Bank has a single depositor with an aggregate balance of $83.0 million in time deposits and the Bank does not know the likelihood of renewal by the depositor. As of June 30, 2009, total brokered deposits were $19.6 million with a weighted average interest rate of 2.78% and remaining maturity between two and 10 years. The Bank attempts to reduce the overall cost of its deposit portfolio and to increase its franchise value by emphasizing transaction accounts which are subject to a heightened degree of competition (see Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” beginning on page 57 of this Form 10-K).
The following table sets forth information concerning the Bank’s weighted-average interest rate of deposits at June 30, 2009.
The following table indicates the aggregate dollar amount of the Bank’s time deposits with balances of $100,000 or more differentiated by time remaining until maturity as of June 30, 2009.
Deposit Flows. The following table sets forth the balances (inclusive of interest credited) and changes in the dollar amount of deposits in the various types of accounts offered by the Bank at and between the dates indicated.
Time Deposits by Rates. The following table sets forth the aggregate balance of time deposits categorized by interest rates at the dates indicated.
Time Deposits by Maturities. The following table sets forth the aggregate dollar amount of time deposits at June 30, 2009 differentiated by interest rates and maturity.
Deposit Activity. The following table sets forth the deposit activity of the Bank at and for the periods indicated.
Borrowings. The FHLB - San Francisco functions as a central reserve bank providing credit for member financial institutions. As a member, the Bank is required to own capital stock in the FHLB - San Francisco and is authorized to apply for advances using such stock and certain of its mortgage loans and other assets (principally investment securities) as collateral, provided certain creditworthiness standards have been met. Advances are made pursuant to several different credit programs. Each credit program has its own interest rate, maturity, terms and conditions. Depending on the program, limitations on the amount of advances are based on the financial condition of the member institution and the adequacy of collateral pledged to secure the credit. The Bank utilizes advances from the FHLB - San Francisco as an alternative to deposits to supplement its supply of lendable funds, to meet deposit withdrawal requirements and to help manage interest rate risk. The FHLB - San Francisco has, from time to time, served as the Bank’s primary borrowing source. As of June 30, 2009, the FHLB - San Francisco borrowing capacity is limited to 45% of total assets; and as of July 16, 2009, the FHLB - San Francisco reduced the borrowing capacity to 40%. Advances from the FHLB - San Francisco are typically secured by the Bank’s single-family residential, multi-family and commercial real estate mortgage loans. Total mortgage loans pledged to the FHLB - San Francisco were $632.9 million at June 30, 2009 as compared to $899.3 million at June 30, 2008. In addition, the Bank pledged investment securities totaling $17.9 million at June 30, 2009 as compared to $26.4 million at June 30, 2008 to collateralize its FHLB - San Francisco advances under the Securities-Backed Credit (“SBC”) facility. At June 30, 2009, the Bank had $456.7 million of borrowings from the FHLB - San Francisco with a weighted-average interest rate of 3.89%, $13.0 million of which was under the SBC facility. Such borrowings mature between 2009 and 2021 with a weighted maturity of 28 months. In addition to the total borrowings mentioned above, the Corporation utilized its borrowing facility for letters of credit and MPF credit enhancement. The outstanding letters of credit at June 30, 2009 and 2008 was $5.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively; and the outstanding MPF credit enhancement was $3.1 million and $3.1 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2009 and
2008, the available and unused borrowing facility was $238.5 million and $352.7 million, respectively, with remaining available collateral of $185.0 million and $439.9 million, respectively.
In addition, the Bank had a borrowing arrangement in the form of a federal funds facility with its correspondent bank for $25.0 million which matured on November 30, 2008. The correspondent bank did not renew the federal funds facility. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Bank had no borrowings outstanding under this facility.
The following table sets forth certain information regarding borrowings by the Bank at the dates and for the periods indicated:
(1) Borrowings with a remaining term of 12 months or less.
As a member of the FHLB - San Francisco, the Bank is required to maintain a minimum investment in FHLB - San Francisco stock. The Bank held the required investment of $27.9 million and an excess investment of $5.1 million at June 30, 2009, as compared to the required investment of $30.0 million and an excess investment of $2.1 million at June 30, 2008. During fiscal 2009, the FHLB - San Francisco announced that they suspended the repurchase of excess capital stock as a result of their desire to strengthen their capital ratios and they did not provide a time period suggesting when they would commence regularly scheduled repurchases. The stock dividend from FHLB - San Francisco recognized in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $324,000, $1.8 million and $2.2 million, respectively. On July 31, 2009, the FHLB - San Francisco declared a cash dividend for the quarter ended June 30, 2009 at an annualized rate of 0.84%. The accrued cash dividend of $69,000 was recognized by the Bank in July 2009.
Subsidiary Activities
Federal savings institutions generally may invest up to 3% of their assets in service corporations, provided that at least one-half of any amount in excess of 1% is used primarily for community, inner-city and community development projects. The Bank’s investment in its service corporations did not exceed these limits at June 30, 2009.
The Bank has three wholly owned subsidiaries: Provident Financial Corp (“PFC”), Profed Mortgage, Inc., and First Service Corporation. PFC’s current activities include: (i) acting as trustee for the Bank’s real estate transactions and (ii) holding real estate for investment, if any. Profed Mortgage, Inc., which formerly conducted the Bank’s mortgage banking activities, and First Service Corporation are currently inactive. At June 30, 2009, the Bank’s investment in its subsidiaries was $130,000.
REGULATION
The following is a brief description of certain laws and regulations which are applicable to the Corporation and the Bank. The description of these laws and regulations, as well as descriptions of laws and regulations contained elsewhere herein, does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable laws and regulations.
Legislation is introduced from time to time in the United States Congress that may affect the Corporation’s and the Bank’s operations. In addition, the regulations governing the Corporation and the Bank may be amended from time to time by the OTS. Any such legislation or regulatory changes could adversely affect the Corporation and the Bank and no prediction can be made as to whether any such changes may occur.
General
The Bank, as a federally chartered savings institution, is subject to extensive regulation, examination and supervision by the OTS, as its primary federal regulator, and the FDIC, as its insurer of deposits. The Bank is a member of the FHLB System and its deposits are insured up to applicable limits by the FDIC. The Bank must file reports with the OTS and the FDIC concerning its activities and financial condition in addition to obtaining regulatory approvals prior to entering into certain transactions such as mergers with, or acquisitions of, other financial institutions. There are periodic examinations by the OTS to evaluate the Bank’s safety and soundness and compliance with various regulatory requirements. Under certain circumstances, the FDIC may also examine the Bank. This regulatory structure is intended primarily for the protection of the insurance fund and depositors. The regulatory structure also gives the regulatory authorities extensive discretion in connection with their supervisory and enforcement activities and examination policies, including policies with respect to the classification of assets and the establishment of adequate loan loss reserves for regulatory purposes. Any change in such policies, whether by the OTS, the FDIC or Congress, could have a material adverse impact on the Corporation and the Bank and their operations. The Corporation, as a savings and loan holding company, is required to file certain reports with, is subject to examination by, and otherwise must comply with the rules and regulations of the OTS. The Corporation is also subject to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under the federal securities laws. See “Savings and Loan Holding Company Regulations” on page 42 of this Form 10-K.
Federal Regulation of Savings Institutions
Office of Thrift Supervision. The OTS has extensive authority over the operations of savings institutions. As part of this authority, the Bank is required to file periodic reports with the OTS and is subject to periodic examinations by the OTS and the FDIC. The OTS also has extensive enforcement authority over all savings institutions and their holding companies, including the Bank and the Corporation. This enforcement authority includes, among other things, the ability to assess civil money penalties, issue cease-and-desist or removal orders and initiate injunctive actions. In general, these enforcement actions may be initiated for violations of laws and regulations and unsafe or unsound practices. Other actions or inaction may provide the basis for enforcement action, including misleading or untimely reports filed with the OTS. Except under certain circumstances, public disclosure of final enforcement actions by the OTS is required.
If the OTS deems an institution to be in “troubled condition” (because it receives a composite CAMELS rating of 4 or 5, is subject to a cease and desist or consent order, a capital or prompt corrective action directive, or a formal written agreement, or because of other reasons), the institution will become subject to various restrictions, such as growth limits, requirement for prior application of any new director or senior executive officer, restrictions on
dividends, compensation and golden parachute and indemnification payments, and restrictions on transactions with affiliates and third parties. Higher assessment and application fees will also apply.
The investment, lending and branching authority of the Bank is prescribed by federal laws and it is prohibited from engaging in any activities not permitted by these laws. For example, no savings institution may invest in non-investment grade corporate debt securities. In addition, the permissible level of investment by federal institutions in loans secured by non-residential real estate property may not exceed 400% of total capital, except with the approval of the OTS. Federal savings institutions are also generally authorized to branch nationwide. The Bank is in compliance with the noted restrictions.
All savings institutions are required to pay assessments to the OTS to fund the agency’s operations. The general assessments, paid on a semi-annual basis, are determined based on the savings institution’s total assets, including consolidated subsidiaries. The Bank’s annual OTS assessment for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 was $337,000.
Federal law provides that savings institutions are generally subject to the national bank limit on loans to one borrower. A savings institution may not make a loan or extend credit to a single or related group of borrowers in excess of 15% of its unimpaired capital and surplus. An additional amount may be lent, equal to 10% of unimpaired capital and surplus, if secured by specified readily marketable collateral. At June 30, 2009, the Bank’s limit on loans to one borrower or group of related borrowers was $19.3 million. At June 30, 2009, the Bank’s largest lending relationship to a single borrower or group of borrowers totaled $7.3 million, consisting of multi-family and commercial real estate loans, all of which are performing according to their original terms.
The OTS, as well as the other federal banking agencies, has adopted guidelines establishing safety and soundness standards on such matters as loan underwriting and documentation, asset quality, earnings, internal controls and audit systems, interest rate risk exposure and compensation and other employee benefits. Any institution that fails to comply with these standards must submit a compliance plan.
Federal Home Loan Bank System. The Bank is a member of the FHLB - San Francisco, which is one of 12 regional FHLBs that administer the home financing credit function of member financial institutions. Each FHLB serves as a reserve or central bank for its members within its assigned region. It is funded primarily from proceeds derived from the sale of consolidated obligations of the FHLB System. It makes loans or advances to members in accordance with policies and procedures, established by the Board of Directors of the FHLB, which are subject to the oversight of the Federal Housing Finance Agency. All advances from the FHLB are required to be fully secured by sufficient collateral as determined by the FHLB. In addition, all long-term advances are required to provide funds for residential home financing. At June 30, 2009, the Bank had $456.7 million of outstanding advances from the FHLB - San Francisco under an available credit facility of $703.3 million, based on 45% of total assets, which is limited to available collateral. See “Business - Deposit Activities and Other Sources of Funds - Borrowings” on page 34 of this Form 10-K.
As a member, the Bank is required to purchase and maintain stock in the FHLB - San Francisco. At June 30, 2009, the Bank had $33.0 million in FHLB - San Francisco stock, which was in compliance with this requirement. The average dividend yield for fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 was 0.99%, 5.65% and 5.35%, respectively. There is no guarantee that the FHLB - San Francisco will maintain its dividend. On July 31, 2009, the FHLB - San Francisco declared a cash dividend for the quarter ended June 30, 2009 at an annualized rate of 0.84%. The accrued cash dividend of $69,000 was recognized by the Bank in July 2009.
Under federal law, the FHLB is required to provide funds for the resolution of troubled savings institutions and to contribute to low and moderately priced housing programs through direct loans or interest subsidies on advances targeted for community investment and low and moderate income housing projects. These contributions have adversely affected the level of FHLB dividends paid and could continue to do so in the future. These contributions also could have an adverse effect on the value of FHLB stock in the future. A reduction in value of the Bank's FHLB stock may result in a corresponding reduction in the Bank’s capital.
Insurance of Accounts and Regulation by the FDIC. The Bank’s deposits are insured up to applicable limits by the Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”) of the FDIC. The DIF is the successor to the Bank Insurance Fund and the Savings Association Insurance Fund, which were merged effective March 31, 2006. As insurer, the FDIC imposes deposit insurance premiums and is authorized to conduct examinations of and to require reporting by FDIC insured institutions. It also may prohibit any FDIC insured institution from engaging in any activity the FDIC determines by regulation or order to pose a serious risk to the insurance fund. The FDIC also has the authority to initiate enforcement actions against savings institutions, after giving the Office of Thrift Supervision an opportunity to take such action, and may terminate the deposit insurance if it determines that the institution has engaged in unsafe or unsound practices or is in an unsafe or unsound condition.
The FDIC applies risk-based assessment system under authority granted by the Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2005, which was enacted in 2006 (“Reform Act”). The FDIC assesses deposit insurance premiums on each FDIC-insured institution quarterly based on annualized rates for one of four risk categories applied to its deposits subject to certain adjustments. Each institution is assigned to one of four risk categories based on its capital, supervisory ratings and other factors. Well capitalized institutions that are financially sound with only a few minor weaknesses are assigned to Risk Category I. Risk Categories II, III and IV present progressively greater risks to the DIF. Under FDIC’s risk-based assessment rules, effective April 1, 2009, the initial base assessment rates prior to adjustments range from 12 to 16 basis points for Risk Category I, and are 22 basis points for Risk Category II, 32 basis points for Risk Category III, and 45 basis points for Risk Category IV. Initial base assessment rates are subject to adjustments based on an institution’s unsecured debt, secured liabilities and brokered deposits, such that the total base assessment rates after adjustments range from 7 to 24 basis points for Risk Category I, 17 to 43 basis points for Risk Category II, 27 to 58 basis points for Risk Category III, and 40 to 77.5 basis points for Risk Category IV. The FDIC’s regulations include authority for the FDIC to increase or decrease total base assessment rates in the future by as much as three basis points without a formal rulemaking proceeding. No institution may pay a dividend if in default of the FDIC assessment.
The Reform Act provided the FDIC with authority to adjust the DIF ratio to insured deposits within a range of 1.15% and 1.50%, in contrast to the prior statutorily fixed ratio of 1.25%. The ratio, which is viewed by the FDIC as the level that the fund should achieve, was established by the agency at 1.25%.
A significant increase in insurance premiums would likely have an adverse effect on the operating expenses and results of operations of the Bank. There can be no prediction as to what insurance assessment rates will be in the future. Insurance of deposits may be terminated by the FDIC upon a finding that the institution has engaged in unsafe or unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order or condition imposed by the FDIC or the OTS. Management of the Bank is not aware of any practice, condition or violation that might lead to termination of the Bank’s deposit insurance.
On May 22, 2009, the Board of Directors of the FDIC voted to levy a special assessment on insured institutions as part of the agency’s efforts to rebuild the DIF and help maintain public confidence in the banking system. The final rule establishes a special assessment of five basis points on each FDIC-insured depository institution’s assets, minus its Tier 1 capital, as of June 30, 2009. The special assessment will be collected September 30, 2009. Accordingly, the Bank accrued $734,000 for this special assessment in June 2009.
The special assessment is assessed against assets minus Tier 1 capital rather than domestic deposits, but the assessment will be capped at 10 basis points of an institution’s domestic deposits so that no institution would pay an amount higher than they would have paid under the interim rule. The special assessment rule also permits the FDIC to impose two additional special assessments, each of the same amount or less, based on assets, capital and deposits as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2009, to be collected, respectively, on December 31, 2009 and March 30, 2010. The FDIC has announced that the first additional special assessment is probable and the second is less certain.
In addition to the assessment for deposit insurance, institutions are required to make payments on bonds issued in the late 1980s by the Financing Corporation to recapitalize a predecessor deposit insurance fund. For the quarter ended June 30, 2009, this payment was established at 1.040 basis points (annualized) of assessable deposits.
Prompt Corrective Action. The OTS is required to take certain supervisory actions against undercapitalized savings institutions, the severity of which depends upon the institution’s degree of undercapitalization. Generally,
an institution is considered to be “undercapitalized” if it has a Tier 1 capital ratio of less than 4.0% (3.0% or less for institutions with the highest examination rating), a ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets of less than 8.0%, or a ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of less than 4.0%. An institution that has a core capital ratio that is less than 3.0%, a total risk-based capital ratio less than 6.0%, and a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 3.0% is considered to be “significantly undercapitalized” and an institution that has a tangible capital ratio equal to or less than 2.0% is deemed to be “critically undercapitalized.” Subject to a narrow exception, the OTS is required to appoint a receiver or conservator for a savings institution that is “critically undercapitalized.” OTS regulations also require that a capital restoration plan be filed with the OTS within 45 days of the date a savings institution receives notice that it is “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized” or “critically undercapitalized.” The capital plan must include a guarantee by the institution’s holding company, capped at the lesser of 5.0% of the institution’s assets when it was on notice that it was undercapitalized, or the amount necessary to restore it to adequately capitalized status when it initially fails to comply with its capital restoration plan. In addition, numerous mandatory supervisory actions become immediately applicable to an undercapitalized institution, including, but not limited to, increased monitoring by regulators and restrictions on growth, capital distributions and expansion. “Significantly undercapitalized” and “critically undercapitalized” institutions are subject to more extensive mandatory regulatory actions. Under various circumstances, the OTS also can take one or more of a number of further supervisory actions against an institution that is not at least adequately capitalized, including the issuance of a capital directive and the replacement of senior executive officers and directors.
At June 30, 2009, the Bank was categorized as “well capitalized” under the prompt corrective action regulations of the OTS. The OTS defines “well capitalized” to mean that an institution has a core capital ratio of at least 5.0%, a ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 10.0% and a ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 6.0%, and is not subject to a written agreement, order or directive requiring it to maintain any specific capital measure. An “adequately capitalized” institution is one that does not meet the definition of “well capitalized” and has a core capital ratio of at least 4.0%, a ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 8.0% and a ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 4.0%. The OTS may reclassify an institution to a lower capital category based on various supervisory criteria. An “adequately capitalized” institution is subject to restrictions on deposit rates under the FDIC’s brokered deposit rule which covers, in some circumstances, deposits solicited directly by the institution.
Qualified Thrift Lender Test. All savings institutions, including the Bank, are required to meet a qualified thrift lender (“QTL”) test to avoid certain restrictions on their operations. This test requires a savings institution to have at least 65% of its total assets as defined by regulation, in qualified thrift investments on a monthly average for nine out of every 12 months on a rolling basis. As an alternative, the savings institution may maintain 60% of its assets in those assets specified in Section 7701(a)(19) of the Internal Revenue Code ("Code"). Under either test, such assets primarily consist of residential housing related loans and investments.
A savings institution that fails to meet the QTL is subject to certain operating restrictions and may be required to convert to a national bank charter. As of June 30, 2009, the Bank maintained 98.81% of its portfolio assets in qualified thrift investments and, therefore, met the qualified thrift lender test.
Capital Requirements. OTS’s capital regulations require federal savings institutions to meet three minimum capital standards: a 1.5% tangible capital ratio, a 4% core capital ratio and an 8% risk-based capital ratio. In addition, the prompt corrective action standards discussed above also establish, in effect, a minimum ratio of 2% tangible capital, 4% core capital (3% for institutions receiving the highest rating on the CAMELS system), 8% risk-based capital, and 4% Tier 1 risk-based capital. The OTS regulations also require that, in meeting the tangible, core and risk-based capital ratios, institutions must generally deduct investments in and loans to subsidiaries engaged in activities as principal that are not permissible for a national bank.
The risk-based capital standard requires federal savings institutions to maintain Tier 1 and total capital (which is defined as core capital and supplementary capital) to risk-weighted assets of at least 4% and 8%, respectively. In determining the amount of risk-weighted assets, all assets, including certain off-balance sheet assets, recourse obligations, residual interests and direct credit substitutes, are multiplied by a risk-weight factor of 0% to 100%, assigned by the OTS capital regulation based on the risks believed inherent in the type of asset. Core capital is defined as common stockholders’ equity (including retained earnings), certain noncumulative perpetual preferred stock and related surplus and minority interests in equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries, less intangibles other
than certain mortgage servicing rights and credit card relationships. The components of supplementary capital currently include cumulative preferred stock, long-term perpetual preferred stock, mandatory convertible securities, subordinated debt and intermediate preferred stock, the allowance for loan losses limited to a maximum of 1.25% of risk-weighted assets and up to 45% of unrealized gains on available-for-sale equity securities with readily determinable fair market values. Overall, the amount of supplementary capital included as part of total capital cannot exceed 100% of core capital. At June 30, 2009, the Bank met each of these capital requirements. For additional information, including the capital levels of the Bank, see Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
The OTS also has authority to establish individual minimum capital requirements in appropriate cases upon a determination that an institution’s capital level is or may become inadequate in light of the particular circumstances.
Limitations on Capital Distributions. OTS regulations impose various restrictions on savings institutions with respect to their ability to make distributions of capital, which include dividends, stock redemptions or repurchases, cash-out mergers and other transactions charged to the capital account. Generally, savings institutions, such as the Bank, that before and after the proposed distribution are well-capitalized, may make capital distributions during any calendar year up to 100% of net income for the year-to-date plus retained net income for the two preceding years. However, an institution deemed to be in need of more than normal supervision or in trouble condition by the OTS may have its dividend authority restricted by the OTS. The Bank currently is required to file an application and receive approval of the OTS prior to paying any dividends or making any capital distributions.
Savings institutions proposing to make any capital distribution need not submit written notice to the OTS prior to such distribution unless they are a subsidiary of a holding company or would not remain well-capitalized following the distribution. Savings institutions that do not, or would not meet their current minimum capital requirements following a proposed capital distribution or propose to exceed these net income limitations, must obtain OTS approval prior to making such distribution. The OTS may object to the distribution during that 30-day period based on safety and soundness concerns.
Activities of Associations and Their Subsidiaries. When a savings institution establishes or acquires a subsidiary or elects to conduct any new activity through a subsidiary that the association controls, the savings institution must notify the FDIC and the OTS 30 days in advance and provide the information each agency may require. Savings institutions also must conduct the activities of subsidiaries in accordance with existing regulations and orders.
The OTS may determine that the continuation by a savings institution of its ownership, control of, or its relationship to, the subsidiary constitutes a serious risk to the safety, soundness or stability of the savings institution or is inconsistent with sound banking practices or with the purposes of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act. Based upon that determination, the FDIC or the OTS has the authority to order the savings institution to divest itself of control of the subsidiary. The FDIC also may determine by regulation or order that any specific activity poses a serious threat to the DIF. If so, it may require that no DIF member engage in that activity directly.
Transactions with Affiliates and Insiders. The Bank’s authority to engage in transactions with “affiliates” is limited by OTS regulations and by Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act as implemented by the Federal Reserve Board’s Regulation W. The term “affiliates” for these purposes generally means any company that controls or is under common control with an institution. The Corporation and its non-savings institution subsidiaries would be affiliates of the Bank. In general, transactions with affiliates must be on terms that are as favorable to the institution as comparable transactions with non-affiliates. In addition, certain types of transactions are restricted to an aggregate percentage of the institution’s capital. Collateral in specified amounts must be provided by affiliates in order to receive loans from an institution. In addition, savings institutions are prohibited from lending to any affiliate that is engaged in activities that are not permissible for bank holding companies and no savings institution may purchase the securities of any affiliate other than a subsidiary. Federally insured savings institutions are subject, with certain exceptions, to certain restrictions on extensions of credit to their parent holding companies or other affiliates, on investments in the stock or other securities of affiliates and on the taking of such stock or securities as collateral from any borrower. In addition, these institutions are prohibited from engaging in certain tie-in arrangements in connection with any extension of credit or the providing of any property or service. An institution deemed to be in “troubled condition” must file a notice with the OTS and obtain its non-objection to any transaction with an affiliate (subject to certain exemptions).
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) generally prohibits a company from making loans to its executive officers and directors. However, that act contains a specific exception for loans by a depository institution to its executive officers and directors in compliance with federal banking laws. Under such laws, the Bank’s authority to extend credit to executive officers, directors and 10% stockholders (“insiders”), as well as entities which such persons control, is limited. The law restricts both the individual and aggregate amount of loans the Bank may make to insiders based, in part, on the Bank’s capital position and requires certain Board approval procedures to be followed. Such loans must be made on terms substantially the same as those offered to unaffiliated individuals and not involve more than the normal risk of repayment. There is an exception for loans made pursuant to a benefit or compensation program that is widely available to all employees of the institution and does not give preference to insiders over other employees. There are additional restrictions applicable to loans to executive officers.
Community Reinvestment Act. Under the Community Reinvestment Act, every FDIC-insured institution has a continuing and affirmative obligation consistent with safe and sound banking practices to help meet the credit needs of its entire community, including low and moderate income neighborhoods. The Community Reinvestment Act does not establish specific lending requirements or programs for financial institutions nor does it limit an institution's discretion to develop the types of products and services that it believes are best suited to its particular community, consistent with the Community Reinvestment Act. The Community Reinvestment Act requires the OTS, in connection with the examination of the Bank, to assess the institution's record of meeting the credit needs of its community and to take such record into account in its evaluation of certain applications, such as a merger or the establishment of a branch, by the Bank. The OTS may use an unsatisfactory rating as the basis for the denial of an application. Due to the heightened attention being given to the Community Reinvestment Act in the past few years, the Bank may be required to devote additional funds for investment and lending in its local community. The Bank was examined for Community Reinvestment Act compliance and received a rating of satisfactory in its latest examination.
Regulatory and Criminal Enforcement Provisions. The OTS has primary enforcement responsibility over savings institutions and has the authority to bring action against all “institution-affiliated parties,” including stockholders, attorneys, appraisers and accountants who knowingly or recklessly participate in wrongful action likely to have an adverse effect on an insured institution. Formal enforcement action may range from the issuance of a capital directive or cease and desist order to removal of officers or directors, receivership, conservatorship or termination of deposit insurance. Civil penalties cover a wide range of violations and can amount to $25,000 per day, or $1.1 million per day in especially egregious cases. The FDIC has the authority to recommend to the Director of the OTS that an enforcement action be taken with respect to a particular savings institution. If the Director does not take action, the FDIC has authority to take such action under certain circumstances. Federal law also establishes criminal penalties for certain violations.
Environmental Issues Associated with Real Estate Lending. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”), a federal statute, generally imposes strict liability on all prior and present "owners and operators" of sites containing hazardous waste. However, Congress acted to protect secured creditors by providing that the term "owner and operator" excludes a person whose ownership is limited to protecting its security interest in the site. Since the enactment of the CERCLA, this “secured creditor exemption” has been the subject of judicial interpretations which have left open the possibility that lenders could be liable for cleanup costs on contaminated property that they hold as collateral for a loan.
To the extent that legal uncertainty exists in this area, all creditors, including the Bank, that have made loans secured by properties with potential hazardous waste contamination (such as petroleum contamination) could be subject to liability for cleanup costs, which costs often substantially exceed the value of the collateral property.
Privacy Standards. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999 (“GLBA”), which was enacted in 1999, modernized the financial services industry by establishing a comprehensive framework to permit affiliations among commercial banks, insurance companies, securities firms and other financial service providers. The Bank is subject to OTS regulations implementing the privacy protection provisions of the GLBA. These regulations require the Bank to disclose its privacy policy, including identifying with whom it shares “non-public personal information,” to customers at the time of establishing the customer relationship and annually thereafter.
Anti-Money Laundering and Customer Identification. Congress enacted the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (the “USA Patriot Act”) on October 26, 2001 in response to the terrorist events of September 11, 2001. The USA Patriot Act gives the federal government new powers to address terrorist threats through enhanced domestic security measures, expanded surveillance powers, increased information sharing, and broadened anti-money laundering requirements. In March 2006, Congress re-enacted certain expiring provisions of the USA Patriot Act.
Savings and Loan Holding Company Regulations
General. The Corporation is a unitary savings and loan holding company subject to the regulatory oversight of the OTS. Accordingly, the Corporation is required to register and file reports with the OTS and is subject to regulation and examination by the OTS. In addition, the OTS has enforcement authority over the Corporation and its non-savings institution subsidiaries, which also permits the OTS to restrict or prohibit activities that are determined to present a serious risk to the subsidiary savings institution.
Activities Restrictions. The GLBA provides that no company may acquire control of a savings association after May 4, 1999 unless it engages only in the financial activities permitted for financial holding companies under the law or for multiple savings and loan holding companies as described below. The GLBA also specifies, subject to a grandfather provision, that existing savings and loan holding companies may only engage in such activities. The Corporation qualifies for the grandfathering and is therefore not restricted in terms of its activities. Upon any non-supervisory acquisition by the company of another savings association as a separate subsidiary, the Corporation would become a multiple savings and loan holding company and would be limited to those activities permitted multiple savings and loan holding companies by OTS regulation. Multiple savings and loan holding companies may engage in activities permitted for financial holding companies, and certain other activities including acting as a trustee under deed of trust and real estate investments.
If the Bank fails the QTL test, the Corporation must, within one year of that failure, register as, and will become subject to the restrictions applicable to bank holding companies. See “Federal Regulation of Savings Institutions - Qualified Thrift Lender Test” on page 39 of this Form 10-K.
Mergers and Acquisitions. The Corporation must obtain approval from the OTS before acquiring more than 5% of the voting stock of another savings institution or savings and loan holding company or acquiring such an institution or holding company by merger, consolidation or purchase of its assets. In evaluating an application for the Corporation to acquire control of a savings institution, the OTS would consider the financial and managerial resources and future prospectus of the Corporation and the target institution, the effect of the acquisition on the risk to the DIF, the convenience and the needs of the community and competitive factors.
The OTS may not approve any acquisition that would result in a multiple savings and loan holding company controlling savings institutions in more than one state, subject to two exceptions; (i) the approval of interstate supervisory acquisitions by savings and loan holding companies and (ii) the acquisition of a savings institution in another state if the laws of the states of the target savings institution specifically permit such acquisitions. The states vary in the extent to which they permit interstate savings and loan holding company acquisitions.
Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was signed into law on July 30, 2002 in response to public concerns regarding corporate accountability in connection with certain accounting scandals. The stated goals of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act are to increase corporate responsibility, to provide for enhanced penalties for accounting and auditing improprieties at publicly traded companies and to protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures pursuant to the securities laws. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act generally applies to all companies that file or are required to file periodic reports with the SEC, under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including the Corporation.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act includes very specific additional disclosure requirements and new corporate governance rules, requires the SEC and securities exchanges to adopt extensive additional disclosures, corporate governance and related rules and mandates. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act represents significant federal involvement in matters
traditionally left to state regulatory systems, such as the regulation of the accounting profession, and to state corporate law, such as the relationship between a board of directors and management and between a board of directors and its committees.
TAXATION
Federal Taxation
General. The Corporation and the Bank report their income on a fiscal year basis using the accrual method of accounting and will be subject to federal income taxation in the same manner as other corporations with some exceptions, including particularly the Bank’s reserve for bad debts discussed below. The following discussion of tax matters is intended only as a summary and does not purport to be a comprehensive description of the tax rules applicable to the Bank or the Corporation.
Tax Bad Debt Reserves. As a result of legislation enacted in 1996, the reserve method of accounting for bad debt reserves was repealed for tax years beginning after December 31, 1995. Due to such repeal, the Bank is no longer able to calculate its deduction for bad debts using the percentage-of-taxable-income or the experience method. Instead, the Bank will be permitted to deduct as bad debt expense its specific charge-offs during the taxable year. In addition, the legislation required savings institutions to recapture into taxable income, over a six-year period, their post 1987 additions to their bad debt tax reserves. As of the effective date of the legislation, the Bank had no post 1987 additions to its bad debt tax reserves. As of June 30, 2009, the Bank’s total pre-1988 bad debt reserve for tax purposes was approximately $9.0 million. Under current law, a savings institution will not be required to recapture its pre-1988 bad debt reserve unless the Bank makes a “non-dividend distribution” as defined below. Currently, the Corporation uses the specific charge off method to account for bad debt deductions for income tax purposes.
Distributions. To the extent that the Bank makes “non-dividend distributions” to the Corporation that are considered as made from the reserve for losses on qualifying real property loans, to the extent the reserve for such losses exceeds the amount that would have been allowed under the experience method; or from the supplemental reserve for losses on loans (“Excess Distributions”), then an amount based on the amount distributed will be included in the Bank’s taxable income. Non-dividend distributions include distributions in excess of the Bank’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, distributions in redemption of stock, and distributions in partial or complete liquidation. However, dividends paid out of the Bank’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, as calculated for federal income tax purposes, will not be considered to result in a distribution from the Bank’s bad debt reserve. Thus, any dividends to the Corporation that would reduce amounts appropriated to the Bank’s bad debt reserve and deducted for federal income tax purposes would create a tax liability for the Bank. The amount of additional taxable income attributable to an Excess Distribution is an amount that, when reduced by the tax attributable to the income, is equal to the amount of the distribution. Thus, if the Bank makes a “non-dividend distribution,” then approximately one and one-half times the amount distributed will be included in taxable income for federal income tax purposes, assuming a 35% corporate income tax rate (exclusive of state and local taxes). See “Limitation on Capital Distributions” on page 40 of this Form 10-K for limits on the payment of dividends by the Bank. The Bank does not intend to pay dividends that would result in a recapture of any portion of its tax bad debt reserve. During fiscal 2009, the Bank did not declare cash dividends to the Corporation while the Corporation declared and paid cash dividends to the shareholders of $994,000.
Corporate Alternative Minimum Tax. The Internal Revenue Code of 1986 imposes a tax on alternative minimum taxable income (“AMTI”) at a rate of 20%. In addition, only 90% of AMTI can be offset by net operating loss carryovers. AMTI is increased by an amount equal to 75% of the amount by which the Corporation’s adjusted current earnings exceeds its AMTI (determined without regard to this preference and prior to reduction for net operating losses).
Non-Qualified Compensation Tax Benefits. During fiscal 2009, there were no shares of restricted common stock distributed to non-employee members of the Corporation’s Board of Directors. There were no options to purchase shares of the Corporation’s common stock exercised as non-qualified stock options during fiscal 2009. As a result, there were no federal tax benefits from non-qualified compensation realized in fiscal 2009.
Other Matters. The Internal Revenue Service has audited the Bank’s income tax returns through 1996 and the California Franchise Tax Board has audited the Bank through 1990. The Internal Revenue Service also completed a review of the Corporation’s income tax returns for fiscal 2006 and 2007.
State Taxation
California. The California franchise tax rate applicable to the Bank equals the franchise tax rate applicable to corporations generally, plus an “in lieu” rate of 2%, which is approximately equal to personal property taxes and business license taxes paid by such corporations (but not generally paid by banks or financial corporations such as the Bank). At June 30, 2009, the Corporation’s net state tax rate was 8.5%. Bad debt deductions are available in computing California franchise taxes using the specific charge-off method. The Bank and its California subsidiaries file California franchise tax returns on a combined basis. The Corporation will be treated as a general corporation subject to the general corporate tax rate. There were no state tax benefits from non-qualified compensation realized in fiscal 2009, as previously described under the Federal Taxation section.
Delaware. As a Delaware holding company not earning income in Delaware, the Corporation is exempted from Delaware corporate income tax, but is required to file an annual report with and pay an annual franchise tax to the State of Delaware. The Corporation paid the annual franchise tax of $136,000 in fiscal 2009.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following table sets forth information with respect to the executive officers of the Corporation and the Bank.
(1)
As of June 30, 2009.
Biographical Information
Set forth below is certain information regarding the executive officers of the Corporation and the Bank. There are no family relationships among or between the executive officers.
Craig G. Blunden has been associated with the Bank since 1974 and has held his current positions at the Bank since
1991 and as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation since its formation in 1996. Mr. Blunden also serves on the City of Riverside Council of Economic Development Advisors and the Monday Morning Group.
Richard L. Gale, who joined the Bank in 1988, has served as President of the Provident Bank Mortgage division since 1989. Mr. Gale has held his current position with the Bank since 1993.
Kathryn R. Gonzales joined the Bank as Senior Vice President of Retail Banking on August 7, 2006. Prior to joining the Bank, Ms. Gonzales was with Bank of America where she was responsible for working with under-performing branches and re-energizing their business development capabilities. Prior to that she was with Arrowhead Central Credit Union where she was responsible for 25 retail branches and oversaw their significant deposit growth. Her experience includes retail branch sales development, branch operations, development of business related products and services, and commercial lending.
Lilian Salter, who joined the Bank in 1993, was general auditor prior to being promoted to Chief Information Officer in 1997. Prior to joining the Bank, Ms. Salter was with Home Federal Bank, San Diego, California for 17 years and held various positions in information systems, auditing and accounting.
Donavon P. Ternes joined the Bank as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer on November 1, 2000 and was appointed Secretary of the Corporation and the Bank in April 2003. Effective January 1, 2008, Mr. Ternes was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, while continuing to serve as the Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary of the Bank and the Corporation. Prior to joining the Bank, Mr. Ternes was the President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Director of Mission Savings and Loan Association, located in Riverside, California holding those positions for over 11 years.
David S. Weiant joined the Bank as Senior Vice President and Chief Lending Officer on June 29, 2007. Prior to joining the Bank, Mr. Weiant was a Senior Vice President of Professional Business Bank (June 2006 to June 2007) where he was responsible for commercial lending in the Los Angeles and Inland Empire regions of Southern California. Prior to that, Mr. Weiant was Executive Vice President and Regional Manager of Southwest Community Bank (April 2005 to June 2006), Senior Vice President and Regional Manager of Vineyard Bank (2004 - 2005) and Executive Vice President and Branch Administrator of Business Bank of California (2000 - 2004). Mr. Weiant has more than 25 years of experience with financial institutions including the last 11 years in senior management.
Item 1A.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
We assume and manage a certain degree of risk in order to conduct our business. In addition to the risk factors described below, other risks and uncertainties not specifically mentioned, or that are currently known to, or deemed by, management to be immaterial also may materially and adversely affect our financial position, results of operation and/or cash flows. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the risks described below together with all of the other information included in this Form 10-K. If any of the circumstances described in the following risk factors actually occur to a significant degree, the value of our common stock could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment.
Our business may continue to be adversely affected by downturns in the national economy and the regional economies on which we depend.
Since the latter half of 2007, severely depressed economic conditions have prevailed in portions of the United States and from time to time natural disasters have caused substantial damage in states such as California, where we hold substantially all of our loans. As of June 30, 2009, approximately 85% of our real estate loans were secured by collateral and made to borrowers in Southern California. A worsening of economic conditions in California, particularly Southern California, could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Further, a significant decline in general economic conditions, caused by inflation, recession, acts of terrorism, outbreak of hostilities or other international or domestic occurrences, unemployment, changes in securities markets, or other factors could impact our markets and, in turn, could result in the following consequences, among others, any of which could hurt our business materially:
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loan delinquencies may increase;
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problem assets and foreclosures may increase;
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sales of foreclosed assets may slow down;
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collateral for loans made by us, especially real estate, may decline in value, in turn reducing a customer’s borrowing capacity and reducing the value of assets and collateral securing our loans; and
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demand for our products and services may decline.
Our loan portfolio is concentrated in loans with a higher risk of loss.
Most of our loans are secured by residential real property. Our real estate secured lending is generally sensitive to regional and local economic conditions as they significantly impact the ability of borrowers to meet their loan payment obligations, making loss levels difficult to predict. Collateral evaluation and analysis of the borrower's financial position and ability to meet current payment obligations when these types of loans are originated requires detailed evaluation and review at the time of loan underwriting and on an ongoing basis. The decline in residential real estate values due to the downturn in the California housing market has reduced the value of the real estate collateral securing the majority of our loans and increased the risk that we would incur losses if borrowers defaulted on their loans. Continued declines in real estate sales and prices coupled with the current recession and the associated increases in unemployment may result in higher than expected loan delinquencies or problem assets, a decline in demand for our products and services, or lack of growth or a decrease in deposits. These potential negative events may cause us to incur losses, adversely affect our capital, and damage our financial condition and business operations. These declines may have a greater effect on our earnings and capital than on the earnings and capital of financial institutions whose loan portfolios are more diversified.
The various types of loans we hold in our loan portfolio are susceptible to specific risks as described below:
Our emphasis on non-traditional single-family residential loans exposes us to increased lending risk. Our non-traditional single-family loans include interest-only loans, negative amortization and more than 30-year amortization loans, stated-income loans, low FICO score loans, and may bear higher credit risk. As of June 30, 2009, these loans totaled $573.9 million, comprising 85% of total single-family mortgage loans held for investment and 49% of total loans held for investment. In the case of interest-only loans a borrower's monthly payment is subject to change in the future when the loan converts to a fully-amortizing status. Since the borrower’s monthly payment may increase by a substantial amount even without an increase in prevailing market interest rates, there is no assurance that the borrower will be able to afford the increased monthly payment. In the case of stated income loans a borrower may misrepresent his income or source of income (which we have not verified) in order to obtain the loan. The borrower may not have sufficient income to qualify for the loan amount and may not be able to make the monthly loan payment. In the case of more than 30-year amortization loans the term of the loan requires many more monthly payments from the borrower (ultimately increasing the cost of the home) and subjects the loan to more interest rate cycles, economic cycles and employment cycles which increases the possibility that the borrower is negatively impacted by one of these cycles and is no longer willing or able to meet his monthly payment obligations. We have recently seen a rise in delinquencies in our non-traditional loans held for investment. As of June 30, 2009, 9.24% of such loans, totaling $53.0 million, were in non-performing status, compared to 2.24% of such loans, totaling $15.9 million, in non-performing status as of June 30, 2008.
Our commercial and multi-family real estate loans involve higher principal amounts than other loans and repayment of these loans may be dependent on factors outside our control or the control of our borrowers. These loans typically involve higher principal amounts than other types of loans, and repayment is dependent upon income generated, or expected to be generated, by the property securing the loan in amounts sufficient to cover operating expenses and debt service, which may be adversely affected by changes in the economy or local market conditions. Commercial real estate and multi-family mortgage loans also expose a lender to greater credit risk than loans secured by residential real estate because the collateral securing these loans typically cannot be sold as easily as residential real estate. In addition, many of our commercial real estate and multi-family loans are not fully amortizing and contain large balloon payments upon maturity. Such balloon payments may require the borrower to either sell or refinance the underlying property in order to make the payment, which may increase the risk of default or non-payment. At June 30, 2009, we had $495.3 million or 41.0% of total loans held for investment in commercial real estate and multi-family mortgage loans.
We are also subject to credit risks in connection with our single-family lending practices.
We are subject to credit risk in connection with our loans held for investment, loans held for sale at fair value, loans held for sale at lower of cost or market, investment securities and in connection with mortgage banking activities, particularly in the sale of loans (counter-party risk).
A substantial majority of our single-family mortgage loans held for investment are adjustable rate loans. Any rise in prevailing market interest rates may result in increased payments for borrowers who have adjustable rate mortgage loans, increasing the possibility of default.
Recent negative developments in the financial industry and credit markets may continue to adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.
We are particularly exposed to downturns in the California housing market. Dramatic declines in the housing market over the past two years -- with falling home prices, increases in foreclosures, unemployment and under-employment -- have negatively impacted the credit performance of mortgage loans and resulted in significant write-downs of asset values by financial institutions, including government-sponsored entities, major commercial and investment banks, and regional financial institutions, and even community based financial institutions such as our Bank. Concerned about the stability of the financial markets and the strength of counterparties, many lenders and institutional investors have reduced or ceased providing funding to borrowers, including funding to other financial institutions. This market turmoil and tightening of credit have led to an increased level of commercial and consumer delinquencies, lack of consumer confidence, increased market volatility, and widespread reduction of business activity generally. The resulting economic pressures on consumers and lack of confidence in the financial markets have adversely affected our business, financial condition and results of operations. We do not expect that the difficult conditions in the financial markets are likely to significantly improve in the near future. A worsening of these conditions would likely exacerbate the adverse effects of these difficult market conditions on us and others in the financial institutions industry. In particular, we may face the following risks in connection with these events:
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We potentially face increased regulation of our industry. Compliance with such regulation may increase our costs and limit our ability to pursue business opportunities.
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Our ability to assess the creditworthiness of our customers may be impaired if the models and approaches we use to select, manage and underwrite our customers become less predictive of future behaviors.
•
The process we use to estimate losses inherent in our loan portfolio requires difficult, subjective and complex judgments, including forecasts of economic conditions, particularly with respect to how these economic conditions might impair the ability of our borrowers to repay their debts. The level of uncertainty concerning economic conditions may adversely affect the accuracy of our estimates that may, in turn, impact the reliability of the process.
•
Competition in our industry could intensify as a result of the increasing consolidation of financial services companies in connection with current market conditions.
Our provision for loan losses increased substantially during the past fiscal year and we may be required to make further increases in our provision for loan losses and to charge off additional loans in the future, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 we recorded a provision for loan losses of $48.7 million compared to $13.1 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, which severely impacted our results of operations for fiscal 2009. We also recorded net loan charge-offs of $23.1 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 compared to $8.1 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008. We are experiencing increasing loan delinquencies and credit losses. The deterioration in the general economy has become a significant contributing factor to the increased levels of loan delinquencies and non-performing assets. Slower sales and excess inventory in the housing market has been the primary cause of the increase in delinquencies and foreclosures of our residential one- to four-family mortgage loans, which represent 84.2% of our non-performing assets at June 30, 2009. At June 30, 2009, our total non-
performing assets, primarily single-family loans, had increased to $88.3 million compared to $32.5 million at June 30, 2008.
Further, our single family residential loan portfolio, which comprises approximately 57.5% of our total loan portfolio is concentrated in non-traditional single-family loans which include interest-only loans, negative amortization and more than 30-year amortization loans, stated-income loans, low FICO score loans that have a higher risk of default and loss than conforming residential mortgage loans. As of June 30, 2009, these loans totaled $573.9 million, comprising 85% of total single-family mortgage loans held for investment and 49% of total loans held for investment. See “Our loan portfolio is concentrated in loans with a higher risk of loss - Our emphasis on non-traditional single-family residential loans exposes us to increased lending risk” above.
If current trends in the housing and real estate markets continue, we expect that we will continue to experience increased delinquencies and credit losses. Moreover, if the recession lasts for a long period, we expect that it would negatively impact economic conditions in our market areas and that we could experience significantly higher delinquencies and credit losses. As a result, we may be required to make further increases in our provision for loan losses and to charge off additional loans in the future, which could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We may have continuing losses.
Although we reported net income of $10.5 million and $860,000, respectively, for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2007 and 2008, we recorded a net loss of $7.4 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009. This lack of net income has primarily resulted from our high level of non-performing assets and the resultant increased provision for loan losses. We may continue to suffer further losses. See "Business- Delinquencies and Classified Assets.”
If our allowance for loan losses is not sufficient to cover actual loan losses, or if we are required to increase our provision for loan losses, our earnings could be reduced.
We make various assumptions and judgments about the collectibility of our loan portfolio, including the creditworthiness of our borrowers and the value of the real estate and other assets serving as collateral for the repayment of many of our loans. In determining the amount of the allowance for loan losses, we review our loans and the loss and delinquency experience, and evaluate economic conditions. If our assumptions are incorrect, the allowance for loan losses may not be sufficient to cover losses inherent in our loan portfolio, resulting in the need for additions to our allowance through an increase in the provision for loan losses. Material additions to the allowance or increases in our provision for loan losses could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Our allowance for loan losses was 3.75% of gross loans held for investment and 63.3% of non-performing loans at June 30, 2009.
In addition, bank regulators periodically review our allowance for loan losses and may require us to increase our allowance for loan losses or recognize further loan charge-offs. Any increase in our allowance for loan losses or loan charge-offs as required by the bank regulators, may have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Furthermore, we may elect to increase our provision for loan losses in light of our assessment of economic conditions and other factors from time to time. We may elect to make further increases in our quarterly provision for loan losses in the future, particularly if economic conditions continue to deteriorate, which also could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
If our investments in real estate are not properly valued or sufficiently reserved to cover actual losses, or if we are required to increase our valuation reserves, our earnings could be reduced.
We obtain updated valuations in the form of appraisals and broker price opinions when a loan has been foreclosed and the property taken in as REO, and at certain other times during the assets holding period. Our net book value (“NBV”) in the loan at the time of foreclosure and thereafter is compared to the updated market value of the foreclosed property less estimated selling costs (“fair value”). A charge-off is recorded for any excess in the assets NBV over its fair value. If our valuation process is incorrect, the fair value of the investments in real estate may not
be sufficient to recover our NBV in such assets, resulting in the need for additional charge-offs. Additional material charge-offs to our investments in real estate could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, bank regulators periodically review our REO and may require us to recognize further charge-offs. Any increase in our charge-offs, as required by the bank regulators, may have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Liquidity risk could impair our ability to fund operations and jeopardize our financial condition.
Liquidity is essential to our business. An inability to raise funds through deposits, borrowings, the sale of loans and other sources could have a substantial negative effect on our liquidity. Our access to funding sources in amounts adequate to finance our activities or with terms that are acceptable to us could be impaired by factors that affect us specifically or the financial services industry or economy in general. Factors that could detrimentally impact our access to liquidity sources include a decrease in the level of our business activity as a result of a downturn in the markets in which our loans are concentrated or adverse regulatory action against us. Our ability to borrow could also be impaired by factors that are not specific to us, such as a disruption in the financial markets or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the financial services industry in light of the recent turmoil faced by banking organizations and the continued deterioration in credit markets.
We rely on customer deposits, advances from the FHLB - San Francisco and other borrowings to fund our operations. Although we have historically been able to replace maturing deposits and advances if desired, no assurance can be given that we would be able to replace such funds in the future if our financial condition or the financial condition of the FHLB - San Francisco or market conditions were to change. Our financial flexibility will be severely constrained if we are unable to maintain our access to funding or if adequate financing is not available to accommodate future growth at acceptable interest rates. Finally, if we are required to rely more heavily on more expensive funding sources to support future growth, our revenues may not increase proportionately to cover our costs and our profitability would be adversely affected.
Although we consider such sources of funds adequate for our liquidity needs, we may seek additional debt in the future to achieve our long-term business objectives. Additional borrowings may not be available to us in the future or, if available, may not be available on reasonable terms. If additional financing sources are unavailable or are not available to us on reasonable terms, our growth and future prospects could be adversely affected.
Fluctuations in interest rates could reduce our profitability and affect the value of our assets.
Like other financial institutions, we are subject to interest rate risk. Our primary source of income is net interest income, which is the difference between interest earned on loans and investment securities and the interest paid on interest-bearing deposits and borrowings. We expect that we will periodically experience imbalances in the interest rate sensitivities of our assets and liabilities and the relationships of various interest rates to each other. Over any period of time, our interest-earning assets may be more sensitive to changes in market interest rates than our interest-bearing liabilities, or vice versa. In addition, the individual market interest rates underlying our loan and deposit products may not change to the same degree over a given time period. In any event, if market interest rates should move contrary to our position, our earnings may be negatively affected. In addition, loan volume and quality and deposit volume and mix can be affected by market interest rates. Changes in levels of market interest rates could materially adversely affect our net interest margin, asset quality, origination volume and overall profitability.
We manage our assets and liabilities in order to achieve long-term profitability while limiting our exposure to the fluctuation of interest rates. We anticipate periodic imbalances in the interest rate sensitivity of our assets and liabilities and the relationship of various interest rates to each other. At any reporting period, we may have earning assets which are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than interest-bearing liabilities, or vice versa. The fluctuation of market interest rates can materially affect our net interest spread, interest margin, loan originations, deposit volumes and overall profitability. Additionally, there is a risk attributable to calculation methods (modeling risks) and assumptions used in the model to calculate our interest rate risk exposure, including loan prepayment and forward interest rate assumptions.
Our mortgage banking business is subject to additional interest rate risk. For instance, rising interest rates may lower the loan origination volume thereby reducing the gain on sale of loans. Additionally, since the loan origination volume is hedged against interest rate fluctuations with loan sale commitments and put option contracts or other derivative financial instruments, rising or falling interest rates may alter the actual loan origination volume such that the hedges are insufficient to protect our profitability margins. Also, we cannot be assured that the value of the instruments we use to hedge our loan origination volume will react to the interest rate fluctuations in the same manner as the value of the loan origination commitments. These inconsistencies may also significantly impact profitability.
For further information on our interest rate risks, see the discussion included in “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” on page 73 of this Form 10-K.
Secondary mortgage market conditions could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and earnings.
In addition to being affected by interest rates, the secondary mortgage markets are also subject to investor demand for mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities and increased investor yield requirements for those loans and securities. These conditions may fluctuate or even worsen in the future. In light of current conditions, there is a higher risk to retaining a larger portion of mortgage loans than we would in other environments until they are sold to investors. While our capital and liquidity positions are currently strong and we believe we have sufficient capacity to hold additional mortgage loans until investor demand improves and yield requirements moderate, our capacity to retain mortgage loans is limited. As a result, a prolonged period of secondary market illiquidity may reduce our loan production volumes and could have a material adverse impact on our future earnings and financial condition.
Competition with other financial institutions could adversely affect our profitability.
The banking and financial services industry is very competitive. Legal and regulatory developments have made it easier for new and sometimes unregulated competitors to compete with us. Consolidation among financial service providers has resulted in fewer very large national and regional banking and financial institutions holding a large accumulation of assets. These institutions generally have significantly greater resources, a wider geographic presence or greater accessibility. Some of our competitors are able to offer more services, more favorable pricing or greater customer convenience than we do. In addition, our competition has grown from new banks and other financial services providers that target our existing or potential customers. As consolidation continues among large banks, we expect additional institutions to try to exploit our market.
Technological developments have allowed competitors including some non-depository institutions, to compete more effectively in local markets and have expanded the range of financial products, services and capital available to our target customers. If we are unable to implement, maintain and use such technologies effectively, we may not be able to offer products or achieve cost efficiencies necessary to compete in our industry. In addition, some of these competitors have fewer regulatory constraints and lower cost structures.
The loss of key members of our senior management team could adversely affect our business.
We believe that our success depends largely on the efforts and abilities of our senior management. Their experience and industry contacts significantly benefit us. The competition for qualified personnel in the financial services industry is intense, and the loss of any of our key personnel or an inability to continue to attract, retain and motivate key personnel could adversely affect our business.
We are subject to extensive government regulation and supervision.
We are subject to extensive federal and state regulation and supervision, primarily through the Bank and certain non-bank subsidiaries. Banking regulations are primarily intended to protect depositors' funds, federal deposit insurance funds and the banking system as a whole, not shareholders. These regulations affect our lending practices, capital structure, investment practices, dividend policy and growth, among others. Congress and federal regulatory agencies continually review banking laws, regulations and policies for possible changes. Changes to statutes, regulations or regulatory policies, including changes in interpretation or implementation of statutes, regulations or
policies, could affect us in substantial and unpredictable ways. Such changes could subject us to additional costs, limit the types of financial services and products we may offer and/or increase the ability of non-banks to offer competing financial services and products. Failure to comply with laws, regulations or policies could result in sanctions by regulatory agencies, civil money penalties and/or reputation damage, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. While we have policies and procedures designed to prevent any such violations, there can be no assurance that such violations will not occur. For further information, see “Item 1. Business - REGULATION” on page 36 of this Form 10-K.
We rely heavily on the proper functioning of our technology.
We rely heavily on communications and information systems to conduct our business. Any failure, interruption or breach in security of these systems could result in failures or disruptions in our customer relationship management, general ledger, deposit, loan and other systems. While we have policies and procedures designed to prevent or limit the effect of the failure, interruption or security breach of our information systems, there can be no assurance that any such failures, interruptions or security breaches will not occur or, if they do occur, that they will be adequately addressed. The occurrence of any failures, interruptions or security breaches of our information systems could damage our reputation, result in a loss of customer business, subject us to additional regulatory scrutiny, or expose us to civil litigation and possible financial liability, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We rely on third-party service providers for much of our communications, information, operating and financial control systems technology. If any of our third-party service providers experience financial, operational or technological difficulties, or if there is any other disruption in our relationships with them, we may be required to locate alternative sources of such services, and we cannot be certain that we could negotiate terms that are as favorable to us, or could obtain services with similar functionality, as found in our existing systems, without the need to expend substantial resources, if at all. Any of these circumstances could have an adverse effect on our business.
We rely on dividends from subsidiaries for most of our revenue.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. is a separate and distinct legal entity from its subsidiaries. We receive substantially all of our revenue from dividends from our subsidiaries. These dividends are the principal source of funds to pay dividends on our common stock and interest and principal on our debt. Various federal and/or state laws and regulations limit the amount of dividends that the Bank may pay us. Also, our right to participate in a distribution of assets upon a subsidiary's liquidation or reorganization is subject to the prior claims of the subsidiary’s creditors. Additionally, the Bank may experience periods of deteriorating earnings and cannot pay, or may otherwise be restricted by its banking regulators from paying dividends to the Corporation. In the event the Bank is unable to pay dividends to us, we may not be able to service our debt, pay obligations or pay dividends on our common stock. The inability to receive dividends from the Bank could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We rely on effective internal controls.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud, and, as a result, investors and depositors could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which could adversely affect our business, the trading price of our stock and our ability to attract additional deposits.
In connection with the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the implementation of the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC, we document and evaluate our internal control over financial reporting in order to satisfy the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. This requires us to prepare an annual management report on our internal control over financial reporting, including management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. If we fail to identify and correct any significant deficiencies in the design or operating effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting or fail to prevent fraud, current and potential shareholders and depositors could lose confidence in our internal controls and financial reporting, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, the trading price of our stock and our ability to attract additional deposits.
Changes in accounting standards may affect our performance.
Our accounting policies and methods are fundamental to how we record and report our financial condition and results of operations. From time to time there are changes in the financial accounting and reporting standards that govern the preparation of our financial statements. These changes can be difficult to predict and can materially impact how we report and record our financial condition and results of operations. In some cases, we could be required to apply a new or revised standard retroactively, resulting in restating prior period financial statements.
Earthquakes and other natural disasters in our primary market area may result in material losses because of damage to collateral properties and borrowers' inability to repay loans.
Since our geographic concentration is in Southern California, we are subject to earthquakes and other natural disasters. A major earthquake or other natural disaster may disrupt our business operations for an indefinite period of time and could result in material losses, although we have not experienced any losses in the past six years as a result of earthquake damage or other natural disaster. In addition to possibly sustaining damage to our own property, a substantial number of our borrowers would likely incur property damage to the collateral securing their loans. Although we are in an earthquake prone area, we and other lenders in the market area may not require earthquake insurance as a condition of making a loan. Additionally, if the collateralized properties are only damaged and not destroyed to the point of total insurable loss, borrowers may suffer sustained job interruption or job loss, which may materially impair their ability to meet the terms of their loan obligations.
We may elect or be compelled to seek additional capital in the future, but that capital may not be available when it is needed.
We are required by federal and state regulatory authorities to maintain adequate levels of capital to support our operations. In addition, we may elect to raise additional capital to support our business or to finance acquisitions, if any. In that regard, a number of financial institutions have recently raised considerable amounts of capital as a result of a deterioration in their results of operations and financial condition arising from the turmoil in the mortgage loan market, deteriorating economic conditions, declines in real estate values and other factors. Should we be required by regulatory authorities to raise additional capital, we may seek to do so through the issuance of, among other things, our common stock or preferred stock.
Our ability to raise additional capital, if needed, will depend on conditions in the capital markets, economic conditions and a number of other factors, many of which are outside of our control, and on our financial performance. Accordingly, we may not be able to raise additional capital if needed, or if available, on terms that will be acceptable to us. If we cannot raise additional capital when needed, it may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
Legislation and other measures undertaken by the Treasury, the Federal Reserve and other governmental agencies may not be successful in stabilizing the U.S. financial system or improving the housing market.
On October 3, 2008, President Bush signed into law the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (the “EESA”), which, among other measures, authorized the Treasury Secretary to establish the Troubled Asset Relief Program (“TARP”). EESA gives broad authority to Treasury to purchase, manage, modify, sell and insure the troubled mortgage related assets that triggered the current economic crisis as well as other “troubled assets.” EESA includes additional provisions directed at bolstering the economy, including:
·
Authority for the Federal Reserve to pay interest on depository institution balances;
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Mortgage loss mitigation and homeowner protection;
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Temporary increase in FDIC insurance coverage from $100,000 to $250,000 through December 31, 2013; and
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Authority to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) to suspend mark-to-market accounting requirements for any issuer or class of category of transactions.
Under the TARP, the Treasury has created a capital purchase program (“CPP”), pursuant to which it is providing access to capital to financial institutions through a standardized program to acquire preferred stock (accompanied by warrants) from eligible financial institutions that will serve as Tier 1 capital.
EESA also contains a number of significant employee benefit and executive compensation provisions, some of which apply to employee benefit plans generally, and others which impose on financial institutions that participate in the CPP restrictions on executive compensation.
EESA followed, and has been followed by, numerous actions by the Federal Reserve, Congress, Treasury, the SEC and others to address the liquidity and credit crisis that has followed the sub-prime meltdown that commenced in 2007. These measures include homeowner relief that encourage loan restructuring and modification; the establishment of significant liquidity and credit facilities for financial institutions and investment banks; the lowering of the federal funds rate; action against short selling practices; a temporary guaranty program for money market funds; the establishment of a commercial paper funding facility to provide back-stop liquidity to commercial paper issuers; coordinated international efforts to address illiquidity and other weaknesses in the banking sector.
In addition, the Internal Revenue Service has issued an unprecedented wave of guidance in response to the credit crisis, including a relaxation of limits on the ability of financial institutions that undergo an “ownership change” to utilize their pre-change net operating losses and net unrealized built-in losses. The relaxation of these limits may make it significantly more attractive to acquire financial institutions whose tax basis in their loan portfolios significantly exceeds the fair market value of those portfolios.
The FDIC established its Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (TLGP) in October, 2008. Under the interim rule for the TLGP, there are two parts to the program: the Debt Guarantee Program (DGP) and the Transaction Account Guarantee Program (TAGP). Eligible entities are participants unless they opted out on or before December 5, 2008 and pay various fees.
Under the DGP, the FDIC guarantees new senior unsecured debt certain convertible debt of an eligible holding companies and insured institutions issued no later than October 31, 2009. The guarantee is effective through the earlier of the maturity date or June 30, 2012 (for debt issued before April 1, 2009) or December 31, 2012 (for debt issued on or after April 1, 2009) . The DGP coverage limit is generally 125% of the eligible entity’s eligible debt outstanding on September 30, 2008 and scheduled to mature on or before June 30, 2009, or for certain institutions, 2% of liabilities as of September 30, 2008.
Under the TAGP, the FDIC provides unlimited deposit insurance coverage for non interest-bearing transaction accounts (typically business checking accounts), NOW accounts bearing interest at 0.5% or less, and certain funds swept into non interest-bearing savings accounts. NOW accounts and money market deposit accounts are not covered. The TAGP remains in effect for participants until December 31, 2009, and unless they opt out of the extension, through the extension period from January 1, 2010 through June 30, 2010.
The actual impact that EESA and such related measures undertaken to alleviate the credit crisis will have generally on the financial markets, including the extreme levels of volatility and limited credit availability currently being experienced, is unknown. The failure of such measures to help stabilize the financial markets and a continuation or worsening of current financial market conditions could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, access to credit or the trading price of our common stock.
On February 17, 2009, President Obama signed The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, or ARRA, into law. The ARRA is intended to revive the US economy by creating millions of new jobs and stemming home foreclosures. In addition, the ARRA significantly rewrites the original executive compensation and corporate governance provisions of Section 111 of the EESA, which pertains to financial institutions that have received or will receive financial assistance under TARP or related programs.
The actual impact that EESA, ARRA and such related measures undertaken to alleviate the credit crisis, including the extreme levels of volatility and limited credit availability currently being experienced, is unknown. The failure of such measures to help stabilize the financial markets and a continuation or worsening of current financial market
conditions could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, access to credit or the trading price of our common stock.
Our federal thrift charter may be eliminated under the Administration's Financial Regulatory Reform Plan.
The administration has proposed the creation of a new federal government agency, the National Bank Supervisor ("NBS") that would charter and supervise all federally chartered depository institutions, and all federal branches and agencies of foreign banks. It is proposed that the NBS take over the responsibilities of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, which currently charters and supervises nationally chartered banks, and responsibility for the institutions currently supervised by the Office of Thrift Supervision, which supervises federally chartered thrift and thrift holding companies, such as Provident Financial Holdings and Provident Savings Bank. In addition, under the administration's proposal, the thrift charter, under which Provident Savings Bank is organized, would be eliminated. If the administration's proposal is finalized, Provident Savings Bank may be subject to a new charter mandated by the NBS. There is no assurance as to how this new charter, or the supervision by the NBS, will affect our operations going forward.
Continued capital and credit market volatility may adversely affect our ability to access capital and may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The capital and credit markets have been experiencing volatility and disruption for more than a year. In recent months, the volatility and disruption has reached unprecedented levels. In some cases, the markets have produced downward pressure on stock prices and credit availability for certain issuers without regard to those issuers’ underlying financial strength. If current levels of market disruption and volatility continue or worsen, our ability to access capital may be adversely affected which may, in turn, adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our deposit insurance assessments will increase substantially, which will adversely affect our profits.
Our FDIC deposit insurance expense for fiscal 2009 was $1.9 million, including the FDIC special assessment of $734,000 recorded in June 2009 and payable on September 30, 2009. Deposit insurance assessments will increase in 2009 due to recent strains on the FDIC DIF resulting from the cost of recent bank failures and an increase in the number of institutions likely to fail over the next few years. The FDIC assesses deposit insurance premiums on all FDIC-insured institutions quarterly based on annualized rates for four risk categories. Each institution is assigned to one of four risk categories based on its capital, supervisory ratings and other factors. Well capitalized institutions that are financially sound with only a few minor weaknesses are assigned to Risk Category I. Risk Categories II, III and IV present progressively greater risks to the DIF. Effective April 1, 2009, the initial base assessment rates prior to adjustments range from 12 to 45 basis points depending on the applicable Risk Category. Initial base assessment rates are subject to adjustments based on an institution’s unsecured debt, secured liabilities and brokered deposits, such that the total base assessment rates after adjustments range from 7 to 24 basis points for Risk Category I, 17 to 43 basis points for Risk Category II, 27 to 58 basis points for Risk Category III, and 40 to 77.5 basis points for Risk Category IV. The FDIC also has authority to increase or decrease total base assessment rates in the future by as much as three basis points without a formal rulemaking proceeding.
In addition to the regular quarterly assessments, due to losses and projected losses attributed to failed institutions, the FDIC has adopted a rule imposing a special assessment of five basis points on the amount of each FDIC-insured depository institution’s assets, reduced by the amount of its Tier 1 capital (not to exceed 10 basis points of its assessment base for regular quarterly premium) as of June 30, 2009. The special assessment will be collected on September 30, 2009. The special assessment rule also permits the FDIC to impose additional special assessments, each of the same amount or less, based on assets, capital and deposits as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2009, to be collected, respectively, on December 31, 2009 and March 30, 2010. The FDIC has announced that the first additional special assessment is probable and the second is less certain.
Item 1B.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2.
Item 2. Properties
At June 30, 2009, the net book value of the Bank’s property (including land and buildings) and its furniture, fixtures and equipment was $6.3 million. The Bank’s home office is located in Riverside, California. Including the home office, the Bank has 14 retail banking offices, 13 of which are located in Riverside County in the cities of Riverside (5), Moreno Valley (2), Hemet, Sun City, Rancho Mirage, Corona, Temecula and Blythe. One office is located in Redlands, San Bernardino County, California. The Bank owns eight of the retail banking offices and has six leased retail banking offices. The leases expire from 2009 to 2013. The Bank also leases four stand-alone loan production offices, which are located in Glendora, Pleasanton, Rancho Cucamonga and Riverside, California. The leases expire from 2009 to 2012.
Item 3.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Periodically, there have been various claims and lawsuits involving the Bank, such as claims to enforce liens, condemnation proceedings on properties in which the Bank holds security interests, claims involving the making and servicing of real property loans and other issues in the ordinary course of and incident to the Bank’s business. The Bank is not a party to any pending legal proceedings that it believes would have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, operations and cash flows of the Bank.
Item 4.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009.
PART II
Item 5.
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The common stock of Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol PROV. The following table provides the high and low sales prices for Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. common stock during the last two fiscal years. As of June 30, 2009, there were approximately 341 stockholders of record.
The Corporation adopted a quarterly cash dividend policy on July 24, 2002. Quarterly dividends of $0.05, $0.05, $0.03 and $0.03 per share were paid for the quarters ended September 30, 2008, December 31, 2008, March 31,
2009 and June 30, 2009, respectively. By comparison, quarterly dividends of $0.18, $0.18, $0.18 and $0.10 per share were paid for the quarters ended September 30, 2007, December 31, 2007, March 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008, respectively. Future declarations or payments of dividends will be subject to the approval of the Corporation’s Board of Directors, which will take into account the Corporation’s financial condition, results of operations, tax considerations, capital requirements, industry standards, economic conditions and other factors, including the regulatory restrictions which affect the payment of dividends by the Bank to the Corporation. In addition, the Corporation’s wholly-owned operating subsidiary, the Bank, is required to file an application and receive approval of the OTS prior to paying any dividends or making any capital distributions to the Corporation. See “Item 1. Business - Regulation - Federal Regulation of Savings Institutions - Limitations on Capital Distributions” on page 40 of this Form 10-K. Under Delaware law, dividends may be paid either out of surplus or, if there is no surplus, out of net profits for the current fiscal year and/or the preceding fiscal year in which the dividend is declared.
The Corporation repurchases its common stock consistent with Board approved stock repurchase plans. On June 26, 2008, the Corporation announced a stock repurchase program to repurchase up to five percent of its common stock (approximately 310,385 shares). Consistent with the short-term strategy to preserve capital, the Corporation did not purchase any shares under the June 2008 stock repurchase program in fiscal 2009. The June 2008 stock repurchase program expired on June 26, 2009.
Performance Graph
The following graph compares the cumulative total shareholder return on the Corporation’s common stock with the cumulative total return on the Nasdaq Stock Index (U.S. Stock) and Nasdaq Bank Index. Total return assumes the reinvestment of all dividends.
COMPARISON OF CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURNS*
* Assumes that the value of the investment in the Corporation’s common stock and each index was $100 on June 30, 2004 and that all dividends were reinvested.
See Part III, Item 12 of this Form 10-K for information regarding the Corporation’s Equity Compensation Plans, which is incorporated into this Item 5 by reference.
Item 6.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The information contained under the heading “Financial Highlights” in the Corporation’s Annual Report to Shareholders filed as Exhibit 13 to this report on Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 7.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Corporation’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
General
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are intended to assist in understanding the financial condition and results of operations of the Corporation. The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. Provident Savings Bank, F.S.B., is a wholly owned subsidiary of Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. and as such, comprises substantially all of the activity for Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Certain matters in this Form 10-K constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. This Form 10-K contains statements that the Corporation believes are “forward-looking statements.” These statements relate to the Corporation’s financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance or business. You should not place undue reliance on these statements, as they are subject to risks and uncertainties. When considering these forward-looking statements, you should keep these risks and uncertainties in mind, as well as any cautionary statements the Corporation may make. Moreover, you should treat these statements as speaking only as of the date they are made and based only on information then actually known to the Corporation. There are a number of important factors that could cause future results to differ materially from historical performance and these forward-looking statements. Factors which could cause actual results to differ materially include, but are not limited to, the credit risks of lending activities, including changes in the level and trend of loan delinquencies and charge-offs; changes in general economic conditions, either nationally or in our market areas; changes in the levels of general interest rates, deposit interest rates, our net interest margin and funding sources; fluctuations in the demand for loans, the number of unsold homes and other properties and fluctuations in real estate values in our market areas; results of examinations by the OTS and of our bank subsidiary by the FDIC, the OTS or other regulatory authorities, including the possibility that any such regulatory authority may, among other things, require us to increase our reserve for loan losses or to write-down assets; our ability to control operating costs and expenses; our ability to implement our branch expansion strategy; our ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems, and management personnel we have acquired or may in the future acquire into our operations and our ability to realize related revenue synergies and cost savings within expected time frames and any goodwill charges related thereto; our ability to manage loan delinquency rates; our ability to retain key members of our senior management team; costs and effects of litigation, including settlements and judgments; increased competitive pressures among financial services companies; changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits; legislative or regulatory changes that adversely affect our business; adverse changes in the securities markets; the inability of key third-party providers to perform their obligations to us; changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the financial institution regulatory agencies or the Financial Accounting Standards Board; war or terrorist activities; other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and technological factors affecting our operations, pricing, products and services and other risks detailed in the Corporation’s reports filed with the SEC.
Critical Accounting Policies
The discussion and analysis of the Corporation’s financial condition and results of operations are based upon the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates and for the periods of the financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
The allowance for loan losses involves significant judgment and assumptions by management, which have a material impact on the carrying value of net loans. Management considers this accounting policy to be a critical accounting policy. The allowance is based on two principles of accounting: (i) SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” which requires that losses be accrued when they are probable of occurring and can be estimated; and (ii) SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan,” and SFAS No. 118, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan-Income Recognition and Disclosures,” which require that losses be accrued based on the differences between the value of collateral, present value of future cash flows or values that are observable in the secondary market and the loan balance. The allowance has two components: a formula allowance for groups of homogeneous loans and a specific valuation allowance for identified problem loans. Each of these components is based upon estimates that can change over time. The formula allowance is based primarily on historical experience and as a result can differ from actual losses incurred in the future. The history is reviewed at least quarterly and adjustments are made as needed. Various techniques are used to arrive at specific loss estimates, including historical loss information, discounted cash flows and the fair market value of collateral. The use of these techniques is inherently subjective and the actual losses could be greater or less than the estimates. For further details, see “Comparison of Operating Results for the Years Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 - Provision for Loan Losses” on page 63 and page 67 of this Form 10-K. See also Item 1. “Business - Delinquencies and Classified Assets - Allowance for Loan Losses” on page 25 of this Form 10-K.
Interest is not accrued on any loan when its contractual payments are more than 90 days delinquent or if the loan is deemed impaired. In addition, interest is not recognized on any loan where management has determined that collection is not reasonably assured. A non-performing loan may be restored to accrual status when delinquent principal and interest payments are brought current and future monthly principal and interest payments are expected to be collected.
SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities,” requires that derivatives of the Corporation be recorded in the consolidated financial statements at fair value. Management considers this accounting policy to be a critical accounting policy. The Bank’s derivatives are primarily the result of its mortgage banking activities in the form of commitments to extend credit, loan sale commitments and option contracts to mitigate the risk of the commitments. Estimates of the percentage of commitments to extend credit on loans to be held for sale that may not fund are based upon historical data and current market trends. The fair value adjustments of the derivatives are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations with offsets to other assets or other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
Management accounts for income taxes by estimating future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax and book basis of assets and liabilities considering the provisions of enacted tax laws. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in the Corporation’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Management’s judgment is required in determining the amount and timing of recognition of the resulting deferred tax assets and liabilities, including projections of future taxable income. Therefore, management considers its accounting for income taxes to be a critical accounting policy.
Executive Summary and Operating Strategy
Provident Savings Bank, F.S.B. established in 1956 is a financial services company committed to serving consumers and small to mid-sized businesses in the Inland Empire region of Southern California. The Bank conducts its business operations as Provident Bank, Provident Bank Mortgage, a division of the Bank, and through its subsidiary, Provident Financial Corp. The business activities of the Corporation, primarily through the Bank and its subsidiary,
consist of community banking, mortgage banking, and to a lesser degree, investment services and trustee services on behalf of the Bank.
Community banking operations primarily consist of accepting deposits from customers within the communities surrounding the Bank’s full service offices and investing those funds in single-family, multi-family, commercial real estate, construction, commercial business, consumer and other loans. Additionally, certain fees are collected from depositors, such as returned check fees, deposit account service charges, ATM fees, IRA/KEOGH fees, safe deposit box fees, travelers check fees, and wire transfer fees, among others. The primary source of income in community banking is net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on loans and investment securities, and the interest expense paid on interest-bearing deposits and borrowed funds. During the next three years the Corporation intends to improve the community banking business by: (i) decreasing the percentage of investment securities to total assets and increasing the percentage of loans held for investment to total assets; (ii) decreasing the concentration of single-family mortgage loans within loans held for investment; and (iii) increasing the concentration of higher yielding multi-family, commercial real estate, construction and commercial business loans (which are sometimes referred to in this report as “preferred loans”). In addition, over time, the Corporation intends to decrease the percentage of time deposits in its deposit base and to increase the percentage of lower cost checking and savings accounts. This strategy is intended to improve core revenue through a higher net interest margin and ultimately an increase in net interest income.
Mortgage banking operations primarily consist of the origination and sale of mortgage loans secured by single-family residences. The primary sources of income in mortgage banking are gain on sale of loans and certain fees collected from borrowers in connection with the loan origination process. The Corporation will continue to restructure its operations in response to the rapidly changing mortgage banking environment. Changes may include a different product mix, further tightening of underwriting standards, a reduction in its operating expenses or a combination of these and other changes.
Investment services operations primarily consist of selling alternative investment products such as annuities and mutual funds to the Bank’s depositors. Provident Financial Corp performs trustee services for the Bank’s real estate secured loan transactions and has in the past held, and may in the future hold, real estate for investment. Investment services and trustee services contribute a very small percentage of gross revenue.
As a result of the challenging business environment, the Corporation’s current short-term strategy is to preserve capital and maintain the Bank’s “well-capitalized” regulatory capital designation; deleverage the balance sheet; reduce credit risk; and augment liquidity. Deleveraging the balance sheet is a significant component of the short-term strategy because doing so improves the Corporation’s capital ratio and reduces credit risk at the same time since loans that are prepaying or maturing are not replaced. The Corporation has augmented liquidity by increasing cash on hand. The single most significant matter facing the Corporation remains asset quality and the Corporation has dedicated a significant number of resources to deal with asset quality issues. The Corporation remains committed to quickly identifying any problem loans within the loans held for investment portfolio, to timely record any related losses that the Corporation may experience, and to quickly dispose of the resultant real estate owned properties.
There are a number of risks associated with the business activities of the Corporation, many of which are beyond the Corporation’s control, including: changes in accounting principles, changes in regulation and changes in the economy, among others. The Corporation attempts to mitigate many of these risks through prudent banking practices such as interest rate risk management, credit risk management, operational risk management, and liquidity management. The current economic environment presents heightened risk for the Corporation primarily with respect to falling real estate values. Declining real estate values may lead to higher loan losses since the majority of the Corporation’s loans are secured by real estate located within California. Significant declines in the value of California real estate may inhibit the Corporation’s ability to recover on defaulted loans by selling the underlying real estate. See “Risk Factors.”
Commitments and Derivative Financial Instruments
The Corporation conducts a portion of its operations in leased facilities under non-cancelable agreements classified as operating leases (see Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for a schedule of minimum rental payments and lease expenses under such operating leases). For information regarding the Corporation’s commitments and derivative financial instruments, see Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
Off-Balance Sheet Financing Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes the Corporation’s contractual obligations at June 30, 2009 and the effect such obligations are expected to have on the Corporation’s liquidity and cash flows in future periods:
The expected obligations for time deposits and FHLB - San Francisco advances include anticipated interest accruals based on their respective contractual terms.
The Corporation is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, in the form of originating loans or providing funds under existing lines of credit, loan sale commitments to third parties and commitments to purchase investment securities. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest-rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. The Corporation’s exposure to credit loss, in the event of non-performance by the other party to these financial instruments, is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments. The Corporation uses the same credit policies in making commitments to extend credit as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, these commitments were $105.7 million and $29.4 million, respectively.
Comparison of Financial Condition at June 30, 2009 and June 30, 2008
Total assets decreased $52.8 million, or 3%, to $1.58 billion at June 30, 2009 from $1.63 billion at June 30, 2008. The decrease was primarily a result of a decrease of $202.6 million in loans held for investment, significantly offset by an increase of $135.5 million in loans held for sale at fair value.
Total investment securities decreased $27.8 million, or 18%, to $125.3 million at June 30, 2009 from $153.1 million at June 30, 2008. A total of $8.1 million of investment securities were purchased in fiscal 2009, while $65,000 of investment securities matured and $37.8 million of principal payments were received on mortgage-backed securities. The principal reduction of mortgage-backed securities was primarily attributable to mortgage prepayments and the scheduled principal payments of the underlying mortgage loans.
Loans held for investment decreased $202.6 million, or 15%, to $1.17 billion at June 30, 2009 from $1.37 billion at June 30, 2008. This decrease was primarily a result of $166.6 million of loan prepayments and $63.4 million of real estate acquired in the settlement of loans, which was partly offset by originating and purchasing $29.3 million of
loans held for investment. The decrease in loans held for investment is consistent with the short-term operating strategy to deleverage the balance sheet, improve capital ratios and mitigate credit and liquidity risk.
The table below describes the geographic dispersion of real estate secured loans held for investment at June 30, 2009, as a percentage of the total dollar amount outstanding (dollars in thousands):
(1) Other than the Inland Empire.
During fiscal 2009, the Bank originated $1.35 billion in new loans, primarily through PBM, and purchased $595,000 from other financial institutions. A total of $1.20 billion of loans were sold during fiscal 2009. PBM loan production was sold primarily on a servicing released basis. The total loan origination volume was higher than last year, due primarily to lower interest rates and a less competitive environment, despite more stringent underwriting standards and the general decline in real estate values.
The outstanding balance of loans held for sale at fair value and loans held for sale at lower of cost or market increased to $146.0 million at June 30, 2009 from $28.5 million at June 30, 2008. The Corporation elected the fair value option (SFAS No. 159) for PBM loans originated for sale on May 28, 2009 and thereafter (See “Comparison of Operating Results for the Years Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 - Non-Interest Income” on page 64 and page 67 of this Form 10-K). The increase was due primarily to higher loan originations and the timing difference between loan originations and loan sale settlements. The increase in loan originations was primarily attributable to relatively low mortgage interest rates and less competition. Actions by the Department of Treasury and Federal Reserve in response to the credit crisis resulted in the ancillary benefit of significantly lower mortgage interest rates.
Total real estate owned was $16.4 million at June 30, 2009, up 74% from $9.4 million at June 30, 2008. As of June 30, 2009, real estate owned was comprised of 80 properties, primarily single-family residences and single-family undeveloped lots located in Southern California. This compares to 45 real estate owned properties at June 30, 2008, primarily single-family residences located in Southern California. The increase in real estate owned was due primarily to foreclosures resulting from weakness in the real estate market, stricter underwriting standards, less liquidity in the secondary market, deterioration of some borrowers’ credit capacity, limited refinance opportunity and other related factors. During fiscal 2009, the Bank acquired 157 real estate owned properties in the settlement of loans and sold 122 properties.
Total deposits decreased $23.2 million, or 2%, to $989.2 million at June 30, 2009 from $1.01 billion at June 30, 2008. The decrease in deposits was primarily in time deposits which decreased $26.8 million, or 4%, to $636.9 million at June 30, 2009 from $663.7 million at June 30, 2008. The decrease in deposits, particularly in time deposits, is consistent with the short-term operating strategy of deleveraging the balance sheet. In fiscal 2009, the Bank did not compete aggressively to attract time deposits, but continued to maintain and improve core deposits or transaction accounts. During fiscal 2009, the Bank began providing free ATM access to over 36,000 ATMs nationwide, opened a new retail banking branch in Moreno Valley, California and implemented a number of transaction account acquisition and retention growth strategies such as cross-selling additional products and services to transaction account customers.
Borrowings, primarily FHLB - San Francisco advances, decreased $22.6 million, or 5%, to $456.7 million at June 30, 2009 from $479.3 million at June 30, 2008. FHLB - San Francisco advances were primarily used to supplement the funding needs of the Bank.
Total stockholders’ equity decreased $9.1 million, or 7%, to $114.9 million at June 30, 2009 from $124.0 million at June 30, 2008. The decrease in stockholders’ equity during fiscal 2009 was primarily attributable to the net loss in fiscal 2009 and cash dividends to shareholders, partly offset by an increase in other comprehensive income. During fiscal 2009, the Corporation declared and distributed cash dividends to its shareholders of $994,000, or $0.16 per share. The Corporation’s book value per share decreased to $18.48 at June 30, 2009 from $19.97 at June 30, 2008.
Comparison of Operating Results for the Years Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
General. The Corporation recorded a net loss of $7.4 million, or a net loss of $1.20 per diluted share, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, as compared to net income of $860,000, or $0.14 per diluted share, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008. The $8.3 million decrease in net income in fiscal 2009 was primarily attributable to a $35.6 million increase in the provision for loan losses, partly offset by a $15.0 million increase in non-interest income. The Corporation’s efficiency ratio improved to 47% in fiscal 2009 from 65% in fiscal 2008. Return on average assets in fiscal 2009 decreased to negative (0.47)% from 0.05% in fiscal 2008. Return on average equity in fiscal 2009 decreased to negative (6.20)% from 0.68% in fiscal 2008.
Net Interest Income. Net interest income before provision for loan losses increased $2.4 million, or 6%, to $43.8 million in fiscal 2009 from $41.4 million in fiscal 2008. This increase resulted principally from an increase in the net interest margin, partly offset by a decrease in average earning assets. The average net interest margin increased 25 basis points to 2.86% in fiscal 2009 from 2.61% in fiscal 2008. The average balance of earning assets decreased $56.2 million, or 4%, to $1.53 billion in fiscal 2009 from $1.59 billion in fiscal 2008.
Interest Income. Interest income decreased $9.8 million, or 10%, to $85.9 million for fiscal 2009 from $95.7 million for fiscal 2008. The decrease in interest income was primarily a result of decreases in the average balance and the average yield of earning assets. The decrease in average earning assets was primarily attributable to the decrease in loans receivable and investment securities, partly offset by an increase in federal funds. The average yield on earning assets decreased 42 basis points to 5.62% in fiscal 2009 from 6.04% in fiscal 2008. The decrease in the average yield on earning assets was the result of a decrease in the average yield on loans receivable, investment securities and FHLB - San Francisco stock during fiscal 2009. The decline on the average earning assets is consistent with the current short-term strategy of maintaining capital ratios, improving liquidity and reducing credit risk.
Loan interest income decreased $7.5 million, or 9%, to $78.8 million in fiscal 2009 from $86.3 million in fiscal 2008. This decrease was attributable to a lower average loan balance and a lower average loan yield. The average balance of loans receivable decreased $55.3 million, or 4%, to $1.34 billion during fiscal 2009 from $1.40 billion during fiscal 2008. The average loan yield during fiscal 2009 decreased 31 basis points to 5.87% from 6.18% during fiscal 2008. The decrease in the average loan yield was primarily attributable to higher non-performing loans, which required interest income reversals, and adjustable-rate loans repricing to lower interest rates. Total non-performing loans increased to $71.8 million at June 30, 2009 from $23.2 million at June 30, 2008.
Interest income from investment securities decreased $746,000, or 10%, to $6.8 million in fiscal 2009 from $7.6 million in fiscal 2008. This decrease was primarily a result of a decrease in the average yield and a decrease in the average balance. The average yield on the investment securities decreased 15 basis points to 4.72% during fiscal 2009 from 4.87% during fiscal 2008. The decrease in the average yield of investment securities was primarily a result of higher premium amortization, the repricing of adjustable-rate MBS to lower interest rates and the MBS principal payments which had a higher average yield than the average yield of all investment securities. The premium amortization in fiscal 2009 was $160,000, compared to the premium amortization of $16,000 in fiscal 2008. The average balance of investment securities decreased $10.9 million, or 7%, to $144.6 million in fiscal 2009 from $155.5 million in fiscal 2008.
FHLB - San Francisco stock dividends decreased by $1.5 million, or 82%, to $324,000 in fiscal 2009 from $1.8 million in fiscal 2008. This decrease was attributable to the FHLB - San Francisco’s decision to reduce dividends in order to preserve its capital in response to the recent economic downturn.
Interest Expense. Total interest expense for fiscal 2009 was $42.2 million as compared to $54.3 million for fiscal 2008, a decrease of $12.2 million, or 22%. This decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in the average cost and a lower average balance of interest-bearing liabilities. The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities, principally deposits and borrowings, decreased $42.7 million, or 3%, to $1.44 billion during fiscal 2009 from $1.48 billion during fiscal 2008. The average cost of interest-bearing liabilities was 2.94% during fiscal 2009, down 74 basis points from 3.68% during fiscal 2008.
Interest expense on deposits for fiscal 2009 was $23.5 million as compared to $34.6 million for the same period of fiscal 2008, a decrease of $11.1 million, or 32%. The decrease in interest expense on deposits was primarily attributable to a decrease in the average balance of time deposits coupled with a lower average cost. The average balance of deposits decreased $56.4 million, or 6%, to $955.7 million during fiscal 2009 from $1.01 billion during fiscal 2008. The average balance of time deposits decreased by $45.5 million, or 7%, to $621.3 million in fiscal 2009 from $666.8 million in fiscal 2008. The average cost of deposits decreased to 2.45% in fiscal 2009 from 3.42% during fiscal 2008, a decrease of 97 basis points. The average cost of time deposits in fiscal 2009 was 3.24%, down 127 basis points, from 4.51% in fiscal 2008.
Interest expense on borrowings, primarily FHLB - San Francisco advances, for fiscal 2009 decreased $1.0 million, or 5%, to $18.7 million from $19.7 million for fiscal 2008. The decrease in interest expense on borrowings was primarily a result of a lower average cost, partly offset by a higher average balance. The average cost of borrowings decreased to 3.90% for fiscal 2009 from 4.24% in fiscal 2008, a decrease of 34 basis points. The decrease in the average cost of borrowings was the result of lower overnight interest rates and maturities of long-term advances with higher interest rates. The average balance of borrowings increased $13.8 million, or 3%, to $479.3 million during fiscal 2009 from $465.5 million during fiscal 2008 as a result of the use of borrowings to fund the increase in the average balance of loans held for sale at fair value and loans held for sale at the lower of cost or market.
Provision for Loan Losses. During fiscal 2009, the Corporation recorded a provision for loan losses of $48.7 million, compared to a provision for loan losses of $13.1 million during fiscal 2008. The provision for loan losses in fiscal 2009 was primarily attributable to an increase in loan classification downgrades, including an increase in non-performing loans ($41.6 million loan loss provision) and an increase in the general loan loss allowance for loans held for investment ($10.5 million loan loss provision), partly offset by a decline in loans held for investment ($3.4 million loan loss provision recovery). The general loan loss allowance was augmented to reflect the additional risk of loans held for investment resulting from the deteriorating general economic conditions in the U.S. and Southern California, in particular, such as higher unemployment rates, negative gross domestic product, declining real estate values and lower retail sales.
Non-performing assets, with underlying collateral primarily located in Southern California, increased to $88.3 million, or 5.59% of total assets, at June 30, 2009, compared to $32.5 million, or 1.99% of total assets, at June 30, 2008. The non-performing assets at June 30, 2009 were primarily comprised of 190 single-family loans ($57.9 million); six multi-family loans ($4.9 million); seven commercial real estate loans ($2.7 million); 10 construction loans ($2.3 million, nine of which, or $250,000, are associated with the previously disclosed Coachella, California construction loan fraud); one undeveloped lot loan ($1.6 million); eight commercial business loans ($1.2 million); nine single-family loans repurchased from, or unable to be sold to investors ($1.3 million); and real estate owned comprised of 63 single-family properties ($15.1 million), one developed lot ($852,000) and 16 undeveloped lots acquired in the settlement of loans ($420,000, 14 of which, or $389,000, are associated with the Coachella, California construction loan fraud). As of June 30, 2009, 43%, or $30.7 million of non-performing loans have a current payment status. Net charge-offs in fiscal 2009 were $23.1 million or 1.72% of average loans receivable, compared to $8.1 million or 0.58% of average loans receivable in fiscal 2008.
Classified assets at June 30, 2009 were $116.1 million, comprised of $24.3 million in the special mention category, $75.4 million in the substandard category and $16.4 million in real estate owned. Classified assets at June 30, 2008 were $68.6 million, consisting of $29.4 million in the special mention category, $29.8 million in the substandard category and $9.4 million in real estate owned. Classified assets increased at June 30, 2009 from the June 30, 2008 level primarily as a result of additional loan classification downgrades. See details on “Delinquencies and Classified Assets” on page 19 of this Form 10-K.
In fiscal 2009, 92 loans for $41.5 million were modified from their original terms, were re-underwritten and were identified in the Corporation’s asset quality reports as restructured loans. As of June 30, 2009, the outstanding balance of restructured loans was $40.9 million: 31 are classified as pass, are not included in the classified asset totals described earlier and remain on accrual status ($10.8 million); one is classified as special mention and remains on accrual status ($328,000); 78 are classified as substandard on non-performing status ($29.8 million); and three are classified as loss and fully reserved. As of June 30, 2009, 83%, or $33.9 million of the restructured loans have a current payment status.
The allowance for loan losses was $45.4 million at June 30, 2009, or 3.75% of gross loans held for investment, compared to $19.9 million, or 1.43% of gross loans held for investment at June 30, 2008. The allowance for loan losses at June 30, 2009 includes $25.3 million of specific loan loss reserves, compared to $6.5 million of specific loan loss reserves at June 30, 2008. Management believes that, based on currently available information, the allowance for loan losses is sufficient to absorb potential losses inherent in loans held for investment. See details on “Allowance for Loan Losses” on page 25, “Single-Family Mortgage Loans” on page 5 and “Multi-Family and Commercial Real Estate Mortgage Loans” on page 9 of this Form 10-K.
The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level sufficient to provide for estimated losses based on evaluating known and inherent risks in the loans held for investment and upon management’s continuing analysis of the factors underlying the quality of the loans held for investment. These factors include changes in the size and composition of the loans held for investment, actual loan loss experience, current economic conditions, detailed analysis of individual loans for which full collectibility may not be assured, and determination of the realizable value of the collateral securing the loans. Provisions for loan losses are charged against operations on a monthly basis, as necessary, to maintain the allowance at appropriate levels. Management believes that the amount maintained in the allowance will be adequate to absorb losses inherent in the loans held for investment. Although management believes it uses the best information available to make such determinations, there can be no assurance that regulators, in reviewing the Bank’s loans held for investment, will not request the Bank to significantly increase its allowance for loan losses. Future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary and results of operations could be significantly and adversely affected as a result of economic, operating, regulatory and other conditions beyond the control of the Bank.
Non-Interest Income. Total non-interest income increased $15.0 million, or 288%, to $20.2 million in fiscal 2009 from $5.2 million in fiscal 2008. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in the gain on sale of loans.
Loan servicing and other fees decreased $907,000, or 51%, to $869,000 during fiscal 2009 from $1.8 million during fiscal 2008. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower brokered loan fees and lower prepayment fees. Total brokered loans in fiscal 2009 were $1.9 million, down $14.1 million, or 88%, from $16.0 million in the same period of fiscal 2008 as a result of adverse real estate markets in Southern California. Total scheduled principal payments and loan prepayments were $166.6 million in fiscal 2009, down $86.5 million, or 34%, from $253.1 million in fiscal 2008, resulting in lower prepayment fees.
The gain on sale of loans increased $16.0 million, or 1,600%, to $17.0 million for fiscal 2009 from $1.0 million in fiscal 2008. The increase was a result of a higher volume of loans originated for sale and a higher average loan sale margin. Total loans originated for sale in fiscal 2009 were $1.32 billion as compared to $398.7 million in fiscal 2008, up $918.9 million or 230%. The average loan sale margin for PBM during fiscal 2009 was 1.20%, up 93 basis points from 0.27% during fiscal 2008. The increase in the average loan sale margin was due primarily to fewer competitors and improved secondary market liquidity. The gain on sale of loans includes a gain of $2.3 million on derivative financial instruments as a result of SFAS No. 133 in fiscal 2009, compared to a loss of $317,000 in fiscal 2008. The gain on sale of loans for fiscal 2009 includes an unrealized gain of $1.9 million attributable to the election of the fair value option of SFAS No. 159 on loans held for sale that are originated by PBM, the Bank’s mortgage banking division. The gain on sale of loans in fiscal 2009 was partially reduced by a $3.4 million recourse provision on loans sold that are subject to repurchase, compared to a $1.5 million recourse provision in fiscal 2008. The mortgage banking environment has recently shown tremendous improvement as a result of the significant decline in mortgage interest rates but remains highly volatile as a result of the well-publicized deterioration of the single-family real estate market.
The sale and operations of real estate owned acquired in the settlement of loans reflected a net loss of $2.5 million in fiscal 2009, as compared to a net loss of $2.7 million in fiscal 2008. The net loss in fiscal 2009 was comprised of a $128,000 net loss on the sale of 122 real estate owned properties, operating expenses of $2.1 million and a $290,000 provision for losses on real estate owned. This compares to the net loss in fiscal 2008, which was comprised of a $932,000 net loss on the sale of 37 real estate owned properties, operating expenses of $1.2 million and a $517,000 provision for losses on real estate owned.
Other operating income in fiscal 2009 decreased $577,000 or 27% to $1.6 million from $2.2 million in fiscal 2008. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in investment services fees, resulting from weakness in the equity market and the economic downturn.
Non-Interest Expense. Total non-interest expense in fiscal 2009 was $30.0 million, a decrease of $331,000 or 1%, as compared to $30.3 million in fiscal 2008. The decrease in non-interest expense was primarily the result of decreases in compensation, partly offset by an increase in deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments.
Compensation expense decreased $1.6 million, or 8%, to $17.4 million in fiscal 2009 from $19.0 million in fiscal 2008. The decrease in compensation expense was primarily due to a net recovery of ESOP expenses ($2.6 million) resulting from the ESOP self correction which was approved by the Internal Revenue Service and ratified by the Corporation’s Board of Directors, partly offset by higher incentive compensation resulting primarily from higher loan originations in fiscal 2009.
Deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments increased $1.4 million, or 172%, to $2.2 million in fiscal 2009 from $804,000 in fiscal 2008. The increase was a result of an increase in FDIC deposit insurance premiums and the FDIC special assessment of $734,000 in June 2009, payable in September 2009.
Income Taxes. The benefit for income taxes was $7.2 million for fiscal 2009, representing an effective tax rate of 49.3%, as compared to the provision for income taxes of $2.4 million in fiscal 2008, representing an effective tax rate of 73.4%. The decrease in the effective tax rate was primarily the result of a lower percentage of permanent tax differences relative to income before taxes. The Corporation determined that the above tax rates meet its income tax obligations.
Comparison of Operating Results for the Years Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007
General. The Corporation had net income of $860,000, or $0.14 per diluted share, for the fiscal year June 30, 2008, as compared to $10.5 million, or $1.57 per diluted share, for the fiscal year June 30, 2007. The $9.6 million decrease in net income in fiscal 2008 was primarily attributable to an $8.0 million increase in the provision for loan losses and a $12.4 million decrease in non-interest income, partly offset by a $4.3 million decrease in non-interest expense. The Corporation’s efficiency ratio increased to 65% in fiscal 2008 from 58% in the same period of fiscal 2007. Return on average assets in fiscal 2008 decreased 56 basis points to 0.05% from 0.61% in fiscal 2007. Return on average equity in fiscal 2008 decreased to 0.68% from 7.77% in fiscal 2007.
Net Interest Income. Net interest income before provision for loan losses decreased $287,000, or 1%, to $41.4 million in fiscal 2008 from $41.7 million in fiscal 2007. This decrease resulted principally from a decrease in average earning assets, partly offset by an increase in the net interest margin. The average balance of earning assets decreased $78.9 million, or 5%, to $1.59 billion in fiscal 2008 from $1.67 billion in fiscal 2007. The average net interest margin increased 10 basis points to 2.61% in fiscal 2008 from 2.51% in fiscal 2007.
Interest Income. Interest income decreased $5.3 million, or 5%, to $95.7 million for fiscal 2008 from $101.0 million for fiscal 2007. The decrease in interest income was primarily a result of decreases in the average balance and the average yield of earning assets. The decrease in average earning assets was primarily attributable to the decrease in loans receivable, investment securities and FHLB - San Francisco stock. The average yield on earning assets decreased two basis points to 6.04% in fiscal 2008 from 6.06% in fiscal 2007. The decrease in the average yield on earning assets was the result of a decrease in the average yield of loans receivable, partly offset by increases in the average yield of investment securities and FHLB - San Francisco stock during fiscal 2008.
Loan interest income decreased $5.2 million, or 6%, to $86.3 million in fiscal 2008 from $91.5 million in fiscal 2007. This decrease was attributable to a lower average loan balance and a lower average loan yield. The average balance of loans outstanding, including receivable from sale of loans and loans held for sale at lower of cost or market, decreased $48.9 million, or 3%, to $1.40 billion during fiscal 2008 from $1.45 billion during fiscal 2007. The average loan yield during fiscal 2008 decreased 15 basis points to 6.18% from 6.33% during fiscal 2007. The decrease in the average loan yield was primarily attributable to higher non-performing loans, which required interest income reversals. Total non-performing loans increased to $23.2 million at June 30, 2008 from $15.9 million at June 30, 2007.
Interest income from investment securities increased $418,000, or 6%, to $7.6 million in fiscal 2008 from $7.1 million in fiscal 2007. This increase was primarily a result of an increase in the average yield, partly offset by a decrease in the average balance. The average yield on the investment securities increased 80 basis points to 4.87% during fiscal 2008 from 4.07% during fiscal 2007. The increase in the average yield of investment securities was primarily a result of the new purchases with a higher average yield (5.05% versus the average yield of 4.87% in fiscal 2008) and maturing securities and called securities with a lower average yield (3.17%). The premium amortization in fiscal 2008 was $16,000, compared to the premium amortization of $21,000 in fiscal 2007. The average balance of investment securities decreased $19.9 million, or 11%, to $155.5 million in fiscal 2008 from $175.4 million in fiscal 2007 as a result of the Bank’s stated strategy to reduce the percentage of investment securities to earning assets.
FHLB - San Francisco stock dividends decreased by $403,000, or 18%, to $1.8 million in fiscal 2008 from $2.2 million in fiscal 2007. This decrease was attributable to a lower average balance, partly offset by a higher average yield. The average balance of FHLB - San Francisco stock decreased $9.3 million to $32.3 million during fiscal 2008 from $41.6 million during fiscal 2007. The decrease in FHLB - San Francisco stock was due to the stock redemption of $13.6 million in July 2007, in accordance with the borrowing requirements of the FHLB - San Francisco. The average yield on FHLB - San Francisco stock increased 30 basis points to 5.65% during fiscal 2008 from 5.35% during fiscal 2007.
Interest Expense. Total interest expense for fiscal 2008 was $54.3 million as compared to $59.2 million for fiscal 2007, a decrease of $4.9 million, or 8%. This decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in the average cost and a lower average balance of interest-bearing liabilities. The decrease in the average cost was due to the decrease in the average borrowing cost, partly offset by an increase in the average deposit cost. The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities, principally deposits and borrowings, decreased $68.1 million, or 4%, to $1.48 billion during fiscal 2008 from $1.55 billion during fiscal 2007. The average cost of interest-bearing liabilities was 3.68% during fiscal 2008, down 15 basis points from 3.83% during fiscal 2007.
Interest expense on deposits for fiscal 2008 was $34.6 million as compared to $31.2 million for the same period of fiscal 2007, an increase of $3.4 million, or 11%. The increase in interest expense on deposits was primarily attributable to a higher average cost and a higher average balance. The average cost of deposits increased to 3.42% in fiscal 2008 from 3.30% during fiscal 2007, an increase of 12 basis points. The increase in the average cost of deposits was primarily attributable to a higher proportion of time deposits with higher interest rates than transaction accounts and a higher average cost of checking accounts resulting from promotional interest expense of $95,000, partly offset by a lower average cost of time deposits. The average balance of deposits increased $65.6 million, or 7%, to $1.01 billion during fiscal 2008 from $946.5 million during fiscal 2007. The average balance of transaction accounts decreased by $24.2 million, or 7%, to $345.3 million in fiscal 2008 from $369.5 million in fiscal 2007. The average balance of time deposits increased by $89.8 million, or 16%, to $666.8 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to $577.0 million in fiscal 2007. The average balance of time deposits to total deposits in fiscal 2008 was 66%, compared to 61% in fiscal 2007. The increase in time deposits is primarily attributable to the time deposit marketing campaign and depositors switching from transaction accounts to time deposits to take advantage of higher yields.
Interest expense on borrowings, primarily FHLB - San Francisco advances, for fiscal 2008 decreased $8.3 million, or 30%, to $19.7 million from $28.0 million for fiscal 2007. The decrease in interest expense on borrowings was primarily a result of a lower average cost and a lower average balance. The average cost of borrowings decreased to 4.24% for fiscal 2008 from 4.68% in fiscal 2007, a decrease of 44 basis points. The decrease in the average cost of borrowings was the result of lower overnight interest rates and maturities of long-term advances at higher interest
rates. The average balance of borrowings decreased $133.8 million, or 22%, to $465.5 million during fiscal 2008 from $599.3 million during fiscal 2007 as a result of changing liquidity needs.
Provision for Loan Losses. During fiscal 2008, the Corporation recorded a provision for loan losses of $13.1 million, an increase of $8.0 million from $5.1 million during fiscal 2007. The provision for loan losses in fiscal 2008 was primarily attributable to the loan classification downgrades in the loans held for investment ($9.5 million), deterioration in the real estate collateral values securing those loans ($2.6 million) and an increase in loans held for investment ($970,000).
Non-performing assets increased to $32.5 million, or 1.99% of total assets, at June 30, 2008, compared to $19.7 million, or 1.20% of total assets, at June 30, 2007. The non-performing assets at June 30, 2008 were primarily comprised of 52 single-family loans originated for investment ($15.4 million), 12 construction loans originated for investment ($4.7 million), 12 single-family loans repurchased from, or unable to sell to investors ($1.9 million) and real estate owned comprised of 30 single-family properties, one multi-family property and 14 undeveloped lots acquired in the settlement of loans ($9.4 million). Net charge-offs for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008 were $8.1 million or 0.58% of average loans receivable, compared to $540,000 or 0.04% of average loans receivable in the comparable period last year.
Classified loans at June 30, 2008 were $59.2 million, comprised of $29.4 million in the special mention category and $29.8 million in the substandard category. Classified loans at June 30, 2007 were $32.3 million, consisting of $13.3 million in the special mention category and $19.0 million in the substandard category.
At June 30, 2008, the allowance for loan losses was $19.9 million, comprised of $13.4 million of general loan loss allowances and $6.5 million of specific loan loss allowances. At June 30, 2007, the allowance for loan losses was $14.8 million, comprised of $11.5 million of general loan loss allowances and $3.3 million of specific loan loss allowances. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of gross loans held for investment was 1.43% at June 30, 2008 compared to 1.09% at June 30, 2007. Management considers the allowance for loan losses sufficient to absorb potential losses inherent in its loans held for investment.
The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level sufficient to provide for estimated losses based on evaluating known and inherent risks in the loans held for investment and upon management’s continuing analysis of the factors underlying the quality of the loans held for investment. These factors include changes in the size and composition of the loans held for investment, actual loan loss experience, current economic conditions, detailed analysis of individual loans for which full collectibility may not be assured, and determination of the realizable value of the collateral securing the loans. Provisions for loan losses are charged against operations on a monthly basis, as necessary, to maintain the allowance at appropriate levels. Management believes that the amount maintained in the allowance will be adequate to absorb losses inherent in the loans held for investment. Although management believes it uses the best information available to make such determinations, there can be no assurance that regulators, in reviewing the Bank’s loans held for investment, will not request the Bank to significantly increase its allowance for loan losses. Future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary and results of operations could be significantly and adversely affected as a result of economic, operating, regulatory, and other conditions beyond the control of the Bank.
Non-Interest Income. Total non-interest income decreased $12.4 million, or 70%, to $5.2 million in fiscal 2008 from $17.6 million in fiscal 2007. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in the gain on sale of loans, a decrease in the gain on sale of real estate held for investment and a decrease in the sale and operations of real estate owned acquired in the settlement of loans.
Loan servicing and other fees decreased $356,000, or 17%, to $1.8 million during fiscal 2008 from $2.1 million during fiscal 2007. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower brokered loan fees and lower prepayment fees. Total brokered loans in fiscal 2008 were $16.0 million, down $25.6 million, or 62%, from $41.6 million in the same period of fiscal 2007 as a result of adverse real estate markets in Southern California. Total scheduled principal payments and loan prepayments were $253.1 million in the fiscal 2008, down $126.3 million, or 33%, from $379.4 million in fiscal 2007, resulting in lower prepayment fees.
The gain on sale of loans decreased $8.3 million, or 89%, to $1.0 million for fiscal 2008 from $9.3 million in fiscal 2007. The decrease was a result of a lower average loan sale margin and a lower volume of loans originated for sale in fiscal 2008. The average loan sale margin for PBM during fiscal 2008 was 0.27%, down 56 basis points from 0.83% during fiscal 2007. The gain on sale of loans includes a loss of $317,000 on derivative financial instruments as a result of SFAS No. 133 in fiscal 2008, compared to a gain of $212,000 in fiscal 2007. The gain on sale of loans also includes a recourse provision of $1.5 million in fiscal 2008 and $347,000 in fiscal 2007 for loans sold that are subject to repurchase, resulting from early payment defaults or fraud claims. In addition, the Bank recorded a charge of $142,000 for a mortgage premium disclosure error on FHA loans sold in fiscal 2008, which the Bank subsequently corrected in July 2008. The volume of loans sold decreased by $749.9 million, or 67%, to $373.5 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to $1.12 billion in fiscal 2007. The loan sale margin and loan sale volume decreased because the mortgage banking environment remains highly competitive and volatile as a result of the well-publicized collapse of the credit markets.
Deposit account fees increased $867,000, or 42%, to $3.0 million in fiscal 2008 from $2.1 million in fiscal 2007. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in returned check fees.
There was no gain on sale of real estate held for investment in fiscal 2008, as compared to a gain of $2.3 million recorded in fiscal 2007. The gain in fiscal 2007 was the result of the sale of approximately six acres of land in Riverside, California. Currently, the Corporation does not have any real estate held for investment.
The sale and operations of real estate owned acquired in the settlement of loans reflected a net loss of $2.7 million in fiscal 2008, as compared to a net loss of $117,000 in fiscal 2007. The net loss in fiscal 2008 was comprised of a $932,000 net loss on the sale of 37 real estate owned properties, operating expenses of $1.2 million and a $517,000 provision for losses on real estate owned.
Non-Interest Expense. Total non-interest expense in fiscal 2008 was $30.3 million, a decrease of $4.3 million or 12%, as compared to $34.6 million in fiscal 2007. The decrease in non-interest expense was primarily the result of decreases in compensation, premises and occupancy, equipment, marketing and other expenses, partly offset by increases in professional expenses and deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments.
Compensation expense decreased $3.9 million, or 17%, to $19.0 million in fiscal 2008 from $22.9 million in fiscal 2007. The decrease in compensation expense was primarily a result of fewer employees, lower incentive compensation and ESOP expenses, partly offset by lower deferred compensation attributable to the application of SFAS No. 91, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring Loans and Initial Direct Costs of Leases.”
The decreases in premises and occupancy, equipment, marketing and other operating expenses in fiscal 2008 were primarily attributable to the closing of six PBM loan production offices in the first half of fiscal 2008 and lower operating expenses commensurate with lower loan origination volume.
Professional expenses increased $380,000, or 32%, to $1.6 million in fiscal 2008 from $1.2 million in fiscal 2007. The increase was primarily the result of higher legal expenses corresponding to the increase in delinquent loans.
Deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments increased $370,000, or 85%, to $804,000 in fiscal 2008 from $434,000 in fiscal 2007. The increase was a result of an increase in FDIC deposit insurance premiums.
Income Taxes. The provision for income taxes was $2.4 million for fiscal 2008, representing an effective tax rate of 73.4%, as compared to $9.1 million in fiscal 2007, representing an effective tax rate of 46.6%. The increase in the effective tax rate was primarily the result of a higher percentage of permanent tax differences relative to income before taxes and an additional tax provision of $407,000 on a disallowed deduction in the fiscal 2006 tax return which was discovered during the ongoing examination by the Internal Revenue Service. The Corporation determined that the above tax rates meet its income tax obligations.
Average Balances, Interest and Average Yields/Costs
The following table sets forth certain information for the periods regarding average balances of assets and liabilities as well as the total dollar amounts of interest income from average interest-earning assets and interest expense on average interest-bearing liabilities and average yields and costs thereof. Such yields and costs for the periods indicated are derived by dividing income or expense by the average monthly balance of assets or liabilities, respectively, for the periods presented.
(1)
Includes receivable from sale of loans, loans held for sale at fair value, loans held for sale at lower of cost or market and non-performing loans, as well as net deferred loan cost amortization of $524, $869 and $589 for the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
(2)
Includes the average balance of non interest-bearing checking accounts of $43.2 million, $44.7 million and $47.6 million in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
(3)
Represents the difference between the weighted average yield on total interest-earning assets and weighted average cost on total interest-bearing liabilities.
(4)
Represents net interest income before provision for loan losses as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.
Rate/Volume Analysis
The following table sets forth the effects of changing rates and volumes on interest income and expense of the Bank. Information is provided with respect to the effects attributable to changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by prior rate), the effects attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by prior volume) and the effects attributable to changes that cannot be allocated between rate and volume.
(1)
Includes receivable from sale of loans, loans held for sale at fair value, loans held for sale at lower of cost or market and non-performing loans.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Corporation’s primary sources of funds are deposits, proceeds from the sale of loans originated for sale, proceeds from principal and interest payments on loans, proceeds from the maturity of investment securities and FHLB - San Francisco advances. While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans and investment securities are a relatively predictable source of funds, deposit flows, mortgage prepayments and loan sales are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition.
The primary investing activity of the Bank is the origination and purchase of loans held for investment. During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, the Bank originated loans in the amounts of $1.35 billion, $582.2 million and $1.42 billion, respectively. In addition, the Bank purchased loans from other financial institutions in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 in the amounts of $595,000, $99.8 million and $119.6 million, respectively. Total loans sold in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $1.20 billion, $373.5 million and $1.12 billion, respectively. At June 30, 2009, the Bank had loan origination commitments totaling $105.7 million and $305,000 of undisbursed loans in process. The Bank anticipates that it will have sufficient funds available to meet its current loan origination commitments.
The Bank’s primary financing activity is gathering deposits. During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, the net (decrease) increase in deposits was $(23.2) million, $11.0 million and $80.1 million, respectively. On June 30, 2009, time deposits that are scheduled to mature in one year or less were $538.8 million. Historically, the Bank has been able to retain a significant amount of its time deposits as they mature by adjusting deposit rates to the current interest rate environment.
The Bank must maintain an adequate level of liquidity to ensure the availability of sufficient funds to support loan growth and deposit withdrawals, to satisfy financial commitments and to take advantage of investment opportunities. The Bank generally maintains sufficient cash and cash equivalents to meet short-term liquidity needs. At June 30, 2009, total cash and cash equivalents were $56.9 million, or 3.6% of total assets. Depending on market conditions and the pricing of deposit products and FHLB - San Francisco advances, the Bank may continue to rely on FHLB - San Francisco advances for part of its liquidity needs. As of June 30, 2009, the remaining available borrowing capacity at FHLB - San Francisco was $238.5 million and the remaining unused collateral was $185.0 million.
Although the OTS eliminated the minimum liquidity requirement for savings institutions in April 2002, the regulation still requires thrifts to maintain adequate liquidity to assure safe and sound operations. The Bank’s average liquidity ratio (defined as the ratio of average qualifying liquid assets to average deposits and borrowings) for the quarter ended June 30, 2009 increased to 20.7% from 4.6% during the same quarter ended June 30, 2008. The increase in the liquidity ratio was due primarily to the management decision to increase liquidity as a result of recent market uncertainty and the timing difference between PBM loan originations and loan sale settlements. The increase in liquidity resulted in a lower net interest margin and lower net interest income because liquid assets generally yield lower rates of return than less liquid assets. The Bank augments its liquidity by maintaining sufficient borrowing capacity at FHLB - San Francisco.
The Bank is required to maintain specific amounts of capital pursuant to OTS requirements. Under the OTS prompt corrective action provisions, a minimum ratio of 1.5% for Tangible Capital is required in order to be deemed other than “critically undercapitalized,” while a minimum ratio of 5.0% for Core Capital, 10.0% for Total Risk-Based Capital and 6.0% for Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital is required to be deemed “well capitalized.” As of June 30, 2009, the Bank exceeded all regulatory capital requirements with Tangible Capital, Core Capital, Total Risk-Based Capital and Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital ratios of 6.9%, 6.9%, 13.1% and 11.8%, respectively.
Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices
The Corporation’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time as a result of inflation. The impact of inflation is reflected in the increasing cost of the Corporation’s operations. Unlike most industrial companies, nearly all assets and liabilities of the Corporation are monetary. As a result, interest rates have a greater impact on the Corporation’s performance than do the effects of general levels of inflation. In addition, interest rates do not necessarily move in the direction, or to the same extent, as the prices of goods and services.
Impact of New Accounting Pronouncements
Various elements of the Corporation’s accounting policies, by their nature, are inherently subject to estimation techniques, valuation assumptions and other subjective assessments. In particular, management has identified several accounting policies that, as a result of the judgments, estimates and assumptions inherent in those policies, are important to an understanding of the financial statements of the Corporation. These policies relate to the methodology for the recognition of interest income, determination of the provision and allowance for loan losses, the estimated fair value of derivative financial instruments and the valuation of mortgage servicing rights and real estate owned. These policies and the judgments, estimates and assumptions are described in greater detail in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section and in the section entitled “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” contained in Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Management believes that the judgments, estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the financial statements are appropriate based on the factual circumstances at the time. However, because of the sensitivity of the financial statements to these critical accounting policies, the use of other judgments, estimates and assumptions could result in material differences in the results of operations or financial condition.
Item 7A.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Quantitative Aspects of Market Risk. The Bank does not maintain a trading account for any class of financial instrument nor does it purchase high-risk derivative financial instruments. Furthermore, the Bank is not subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk or commodity price risk. The primary market risk that the Bank faces is interest rate risk. For information regarding the sensitivity to interest rate risk of the Bank’s interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, see “Maturity of Loans Held for Investment,” “Investment Securities Activities,” “Time Deposits by Maturities” and “Interest Rate Risk” on pages 5, 29, 34 and 73, respectively, of this Form 10-K.
Qualitative Aspects of Market Risk. The Bank’s principal financial objective is to achieve long-term profitability while reducing its exposure to fluctuating interest rates. The Bank has sought to reduce the exposure of its earnings to changes in interest rates by attempting to manage the repricing mismatch between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The principal element in achieving this objective is to increase the interest-rate sensitivity of the Bank’s interest-earning assets by retaining for its portfolio new loan originations with interest rates subject to periodic adjustment to market conditions and by selling fixed-rate, single-family mortgage loans. In addition, the Bank maintains an investment portfolio, which is largely in U.S. government agency MBS and U.S. government sponsored enterprise MBS with contractual maturities of up to 30 years that reprice frequently. The Bank relies on retail deposits as its primary source of funds while utilizing FHLB - San Francisco advances as a secondary source of funding. Management believes retail deposits, unlike brokered deposits, reduce the effects of interest rate fluctuations because they generally represent a more stable source of funds. As part of its interest rate risk management strategy, the Bank promotes transaction accounts and time deposits with terms up to five years. For additional information, see Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” beginning on page 57 of this Form 10-K.
Interest Rate Risk. The principal financial objective of the Corporation’s interest rate risk management function is to achieve long-term profitability while limiting its exposure to the fluctuation of interest rates. The Corporation, through its ALCO, has sought to reduce the exposure of its earnings to changes in interest rates by managing the repricing mismatch between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The principal element in achieving this objective is to manage the interest-rate sensitivity of the Corporation’s assets by retaining loans with interest rates subject to periodic market adjustments. In addition, the Bank maintains a liquid investment portfolio primarily comprised of U.S. government agency MBS and government sponsored enterprise MBS that reprice frequently. The Bank relies on retail deposits as its primary source of funding while utilizing FHLB - San Francisco advances as a secondary source of funding which can be structured with favorable interest rate risk characteristics. As part of its interest rate risk management strategy, the Bank promotes transaction accounts.
Using data from the Bank’s quarterly report to the OTS, the OTS produces a report for the Bank that measures interest rate risk by modeling the change in Net Portfolio Value (“NPV”) over a variety of interest rate scenarios. The interest rate risk analysis received from the OTS is similar to the Bank’s own interest rate risk model. NPV is defined as the net present value of expected future cash flows from assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet contracts. The calculation is intended to illustrate the change in NPV that would occur in the event of an immediate change in interest rates of -100, -50, +50, +100, +200 and +300 basis points with no effect given to any steps that management might take to counter the effect of the interest rate change.
The following table is provided by the OTS and sets forth as of June 30, 2009 the estimated changes in NPV based on the indicated interest rate environment. The Bank’s balance sheet position as of June 30, 2009 can be summarized as follows: if interest rates increase, the NPV of the Bank is expected to increase, except at the 200 basis points or higher rate shock scenario, where it is expected to decrease.
(1)
Represents the (decrease) increase of the estimated NPV at the indicated change in interest rates compared to the NPV calculated at June 30, 2009 (“base case”).
(2)
Calculated as the estimated NPV divided by the portfolio value of total assets.
(3)
Calculated as the change in the NPV ratio from the base case at the indicated change in interest rates.
The following table provided by the OTS, is based on the calculations contained in the previous table, and sets forth the change in the NPV at a -100 basis point rate shock at June 30, 2009 and at a +200 basis point rate shock at June 30, 2008 (by regulation the Bank must measure and manage its interest rate risk for an interest rate shock of +200 basis points and -100 basis points, whichever produces the largest decline in NPV).
As with any method of measuring interest rate risk, certain shortcomings are inherent in the method of analysis presented in the foregoing tables. For example, although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or repricing characteristics, they may react in different degrees to changes in interest rates. Also, the interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in advance of changes in interest rates, while interest rates on other types of assets and liabilities may lag behind changes in interest rates. Additionally, certain assets, such as ARM loans, have features that restrict changes on a short-term basis and over the life of the loan. Further, in the event of a change in interest rates, expected rates of prepayments on loans and early withdrawals of time deposits could likely deviate significantly from those assumed in calculating the respective results. It is also possible that, as a result of an interest rate increase, the increased mortgage payments required of ARM borrowers could result in an increase in delinquencies and defaults. Changes in interest rates could also affect the volume and profitability of the Bank’s mortgage banking operations. Accordingly, the data presented in the tables above should not be relied upon as indicative of actual results in the event of changes in interest rates. Furthermore, the NPV presented in the foregoing tables is not intended to present the fair market value of the Bank, nor does it represent amounts that would be available for distribution to stockholders in the event of the liquidation of the Corporation.
The Bank also models the sensitivity of net interest income for the 12-month period subsequent to any given month-end assuming a dynamic balance sheet (accounting for the Bank’s current balance sheet, 12-month business plan, embedded options, rate floors, periodic caps, lifetime caps, and loan, investment, deposit and borrowing cash flows, among others), and immediate, permanent and parallel movements in interest rates of plus or minus 100 and 200 basis points. The following table describes the results of the analysis for June 30, 2009 and June 30, 2008.
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 the Bank is asset sensitive as its interest-earning assets are expected to reprice more quickly than its interest-bearing liabilities during the subsequent 12-month period. Therefore, in a rising interest rate environment, the model projects an increase in net interest income over the subsequent 12-month period. In a falling interest rate environment, the results also project a slight increase in net interest income over the subsequent 12-month period, except in the -200 basis point scenario where net interest income was not forecast. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, the Bank is liability sensitive, as its interest-bearing liabilities are expected to reprice more quickly during the subsequent 12-month period than its interest-earning assets. Therefore, in a rising interest rate environment, the model projects a decline in net interest income over the subsequent 12-month period. In a falling interest rate environment, the results project an increase in net interest income over the subsequent 12-month period.
Management believes that the assumptions used to complete the analysis described in the table above are reasonable. However, past experience has shown that immediate, permanent and parallel movements in interest rates will not necessarily occur. Additionally, while the analysis provides a tool to evaluate the projected net interest income to changes in interest rates, actual results may be substantially different if actual experience differs from the assumptions used to complete the analysis. Therefore the model results that we disclose should be thought of as a risk management tool to compare the trends of the Corporation’s current disclosure to previous disclosures, over time, within the context of the actual performance of the treasury yield curve.
Item 8.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Please refer to exhibit 13 beginning on page 83 for the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 9.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
a)
An evaluation of the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedure (as defined in Section 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Act”)) was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and the Corporation’s Disclosure Committee as of the end of the period covered by this annual report. In designing and evaluating the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Additionally, in designing disclosure controls and procedures, management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Based on their evaluation, the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2009 are effective in providing reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Corporation in the reports it files or submits under the Act is (i) accumulated and communicated to the Corporation’s management (including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer) in a timely manner,
and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
b)
There have been no changes in the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Act) that occurred during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting. The Corporation does not expect that its internal control over financial reporting will prevent all error and all fraud. A control procedure, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control procedure are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control procedures, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Corporation have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any control procedure also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control procedure, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The management of Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. and subsidiary (the “Corporation”) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting was designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
To comply with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Corporation designed and implemented a structured and comprehensive assessment process to evaluate its internal control over financial reporting across the enterprise. The assessment of the effectiveness of the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting was based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Because of its inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention of overriding controls, a system of internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Based on its assessment, management has concluded that the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 2009.
The effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2009, has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm who also audited the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements. Deloitte & Touche LLP’s attestation report on the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting follows.
Date: September 14, /s/Craig G. Blunden
Craig G. Blunden
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
/s/ Donavon P. Ternes
Donavon P. Ternes
Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Riverside, California
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. and subsidiary (the “Corporation”) as of June 30, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Because management’s assessment and our audit were conducted to meet the reporting requirements of Section 112 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act (FDICIA), management’s assessment and our audit of the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting included controls over the preparation of the schedules equivalent to the basic financial statements in accordance with the instructions for the Office of Thrift Supervision Instructions for Thrift Financial Reports. The Corporation’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2009, based on the criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended June 30, 2009 of the Corporation and our report dated September 14, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Los Angeles, California
September 14, 2009
Item 9B.
Item 9B. Other Information
None.
PART III
Item 10.
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
For information regarding the Corporation’s Board of Directors, see the section captioned “Proposal I - Election of Directors” which is included in the Proxy Statement, a copy of which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the Corporation’s fiscal year end, and is incorporated herein by reference.
The executive officers of the Corporation and the Bank are elected annually and hold office until their respective successors have been elected and qualified or until death, resignation or removal by the Board of Directors. For information regarding the Corporation’s executive officers, see Item 1 - “Executive Officers” beginning on page 44 of this Form 10-K.
Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act
The information contained under the section captioned “Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act” is included in the Corporation’s Proxy Statement, a copy of which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the Corporation’s fiscal year end, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers
The Corporation has adopted a Code of Ethics, which applies to all directors, officers, and employees of the Corporation. The Code of Ethics is publicly available as Exhibit 14 to the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year June 30, 2007, and is available on the Corporation’s website, www.myprovident.com. If the Corporation makes any substantial amendments to the Code of Ethics or grants any waiver, including any implicit waiver, from a provision of the Code to the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer or Controller, the Corporation will disclose the nature of such amendment or waiver on the Corporation’s website and in a report on Form 8-K.
Audit Committee Financial Expert
The Corporation has a separately-designated standing audit committee established in accordance with section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The audit committee consists of three independent directors of the Corporation: Joseph P. Barr, Bruce W. Bennett and Debbi H. Guthrie. The Corporation has designated Joseph P. Barr, Audit Committee Chairman, as its audit committee financial expert. Mr. Barr is independent, as independence for audit committee members is defined under the listing standards of the NASDAQ Stock Market, a Certified Public Accountant in California and Ohio and has been practicing public accounting for over 40 years.
Item 11.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information contained under the section captioned “Executive Compensation” and “Directors’ Compensation” is included in the Proxy Statement, a copy of which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the Corporation’s fiscal year end, and incorporated herein by reference.
Item 12.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
(a) Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners.
The information contained under the section captioned "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" is included in the Corporation's Proxy Statement, a copy of which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the Corporation’s fiscal year end, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(b) Security Ownership of Management.
The information contained under the sections captioned “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Proposal I - Election of Directors” is included in the Corporation’s Proxy Statement, a copy of which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the Corporation’s fiscal year end, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(c) Changes In Control.
The Corporation is not aware of any arrangements, including any pledge by any person of securities of the Corporation, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in control of the Corporation.
(d) Equity Compensation Plan Information.
The information contained under the section captioned “Executive Compensation - Equity Compensation Plan Information” is included in the Corporation’s Proxy Statement, a copy of which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the Corporation’s fiscal year end, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information contained under the section captioned “Transactions with Management” is included in the Proxy Statement, a copy of which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the Corporation’s fiscal year end and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 14.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information contained under the section captioned “Proposal II - Approval of Appointment of Independent Auditors” is included in the Corporation’s Proxy Statement, a copy of which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the Corporation’s fiscal year end and is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
Item 15.
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) 1. Financial Statements
See Exhibit 13 to Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page 83.
2.
Financial Statement Schedules
Schedules to the Consolidated Financial Statements have been omitted as the required information is inapplicable.
(b)
Exhibits
Exhibits are available from the Corporation by written request
3.1
Certificate of Incorporation of Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Corporation’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-2230))
3.2
Bylaws of Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Corporation’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-2230))
10.1
Employment Agreement with Craig G. Blunden (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Corporation’s Form 8-K dated December 19, 2005)
10.2
Post-Retirement Compensation Agreement with Craig G. Blunden (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Corporation’s Form 8-K dated December 19, 2005)
10.3
Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to the Corporation’s proxy statement dated December 12, 1996)
10.4
Management Recognition Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to the Corporation’s proxy statement dated December 12, 1996)
10.5
Form of Severance Agreement with Richard L. Gale, Kathryn R. Gonzales, Lilian Salter, Donavon P. Ternes and David S. Weiant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 in the Corporation’s Form 8-K dated July 3, 2006)
10.6
Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to the Corporation’s proxy statement dated October 21, 2003)
10.7
Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement for options granted under the 2003 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year June 30, 2005).
10.8
Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for options granted under the 2003 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year June 30, 2005).
10.9
Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to the Corporation’s proxy statement dated October 12, 2006)
10.10
Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement for options granted under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 in the Corporation’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2006)
10.11
Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for options granted under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 in the Corporation’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2006)
10.12
Form of Restricted Stock Agreement for restricted shares awarded under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 in the Corporation’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2006)
10.13
Post-Retirement Compensation Agreement with Donavon P. Ternes (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Corporation’s Form 8-K dated July 7, 2009)
Annual Report to Stockholders
Code of Ethics for the Corporation’s directors, officers and employees (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14 to the Corporation’s Form 10-K dated September 12, 2007)
21.1
Subsidiaries of Registrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to the Corporation’s Form 10-K dated September 12, 2007)
23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Date: September 14, 2009 /s/ Craig G. Blunden
Craig G. Blunden
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
SIGNATURES TITLE DATE
/s/Craig G. Blunden
Craig G. Blunden
Chairman, President and
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
September 14,
/s/Donavon P. Ternes
Donavon P. Ternes
Chief Operating Officer and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and
Accounting Officer)
September 14,
/s/Joseph P. Barr
Joseph P. Barr Director September 14,
/s/Bruce W. Bennett
Bruce W. Bennett Director September 14,
/s/Debbi H. Guthrie
Debbi H. Guthrie Director September 14,
/s/Robert G. Schrader
Robert G. Schrader Director September 14,
/s/Roy H. Taylor
Director September 14,
Roy H. Taylor
/s/William E. Thomas
William E. Thomas
Director
September 14, 2009
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Consolidated Financial Statements
Index
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Riverside, California
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. and subsidiary (the “Corporation”) as of June 30, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2009. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Corporation's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. and subsidiary as of June 30, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2009, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Corporation's internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2009, based on the criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated September 14, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Corporation's internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Los Angeles, California
September 14, 2009
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
(In Thousands, Except Share Information)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In Thousands, Except Share Information)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(In Thousands, Except Share Information)
(continued)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
(In Thousands, Except Share Information)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In Thousands)
(continued)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In Thousands)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1.
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:
Provident Savings Bank, F.S.B. (the “Bank”) converted from a federally chartered mutual savings bank to a federally chartered stock savings bank effective June 27, 1996. Provident Financial Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation organized by the Bank, acquired all of the capital stock of the Bank issued in the conversion; the transaction was recorded on a book value basis.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Provident Financial Holdings, Inc., and its wholly owned subsidiary, Provident Savings Bank, F.S.B. (collectively, the “Corporation”). All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated.
The Corporation operates in two business segments: community banking (“Provident Bank”) and mortgage banking (“Provident Bank Mortgage” (“PBM”), a division of Provident Bank). Provident Bank activities include attracting deposits, offering banking services and originating multi-family, commercial real estate, construction, commercial business and consumer loans. Deposits are collected primarily from 14 banking locations located in Riverside and San Bernardino counties in California. PBM activities include originating single-family loans, primarily first mortgages for sale to investors. Loans are primarily originated in Southern California by loan agents employed by the Bank, as well as from the banking locations and freestanding lending offices. PBM originates loans from three freestanding lending offices in Southern California and one free standing lending office in Northern California, as well as from the banking locations.
The accounting and reporting policies of the Corporation conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of deferred tax assets, the valuation of loan servicing assets, the valuation of real estate owned, the determination of the loan repurchase reserve and the valuation of derivative financial instruments.
The following accounting policies, together with those disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements, represent the significant accounting policies of Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. and the Bank.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and due from banks, as well as overnight deposits placed at correspondent banks.
Investment securities
The Corporation classifies its qualifying investments as available for sale or held to maturity. The Corporation’s policy of classifying investments as held to maturity is based upon its ability and management’s positive intent to hold such securities to maturity. Securities expected to be held to maturity are carried at amortized historical cost. All other securities are classified as available for sale and are carried at fair value. Fair value is determined based upon quoted market prices. Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. Gains and losses on dispositions of investment securities are included in non-interest income and are determined using the specific identification method. Purchase premiums and discounts are amortized over the expected average life of the securities using the effective interest
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
method. Declines in the fair value of held to maturity and available for sale securities below their amortized historical cost that are deemed to be other than temporary are reflected in earnings as realized losses.
PBM activities
Mortgage loans are originated for both investment and sale to the secondary market. Since the Corporation is primarily an adjustable-rate mortgage lender for its own portfolio, a high percentage of fixed-rate loans are originated for sale to institutional investors.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities,” allows for the option to report certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value initially and at subsequent measurement dates with changes in fair value included in earnings. The option may be applied instrument by instrument, but it is irrevocable. Prior to the May 28, 2009 election of the fair value option (i.e. SFAS No. 159) on PBM loans held for sale, all loans held for sale were carried at the lower of cost or fair value. Subsequent to the election, all PBM loans originated for sale, on or after May 28, 2009, are carried at fair value. Fair value is generally determined by outstanding loan sale commitments from investors’ current yield requirements as calculated on the aggregate loan basis. Loans are generally sold without recourse, other than standard representations and warranties, except those loans sold to the FHLB - San Francisco under the Mortgage Partnership Finance (“MPF”) program which has a specific recourse provision. A high percentage of loans are sold on a servicing released basis. In some transactions, primarily loans sold under the MPF program, the Corporation may retain the servicing rights in order to generate servicing income. Where the Corporation continues to service loans after sale, investors are paid their share of the principal collections together with interest at an agreed-upon rate, which generally differs from the loan’s contractual interest rate.
As described in the preceding paragraph, loans sold to the FHLB - San Francisco under the MPF program have a recourse liability. The FHLB - San Francisco absorbs the first four basis points of loss and a credit scoring process is used to calculate the maximum recourse amount for the Bank. All losses above the Bank’s maximum recourse are the responsibility of the FHLB - San Francisco. The FHLB - San Francisco pays the Bank a credit enhancement fee on a monthly basis to compensate the Bank for accepting the recourse obligation. On October 6, 2006, the FHLB - San Francisco announced that they would no longer offer new commitments to purchase mortgage loans from its members, but they would retain its existing portfolio of mortgage loans. As of June 30, 2009, the Bank serviced $130.7 million of loans under this program and has established a recourse liability of $144,000 as compared to $150.9 million of loans serviced and a recourse liability of $166,000 at June 30, 2008. As of June 30, 2009, the Bank has not experienced any losses in this program.
Occasionally, the Bank is required to repurchase loans sold to Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae or other institutional investors if it is determined that such loans do not meet the credit requirements of the investor, or if one of the parties involved in the loan misrepresented pertinent facts, committed fraud, or if such loans were 90-days past due within 120 days of the loan funding date. During the year ended June 30, 2009, the Bank repurchased $4.0 million of single-family mortgage loans as compared to $4.5 million in fiscal 2008 and $14.6 million in fiscal 2007. In addition to the specific recourse liability for the MPF program, the Bank has established a recourse liability of $3.3 million and $1.9 million for loans sold to other investors as of June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Activity in the recourse liability for the years ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 was as follows:
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Bank is obligated to refund loan sale premiums to investors when loans pay off within a specific time period following the loan sale; the time period ranges from three to six months, depending upon the loan sale agreement. Total loan sale premium refunds (recoveries) in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $109,000, $(25,000) and $358,000, respectively. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Bank has a recourse liability of $92,000 and $52,000, respectively, for future loan sale premium refunds.
Gains or losses on the sale of loans, including fees received or paid, are recognized at the time of sale and are determined by the difference between the net sales proceeds and the allocated book value of the loans sold. When loans are sold with servicing retained, the carrying value of the loans is allocated between the portion sold and the portion retained (i.e., servicing assets and interest-only strips), based on estimates of their fair values.
Servicing assets are amortized in proportion to and over the period of the estimated net servicing income and are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. The fair value of servicing assets is based on the present value of estimated net future cash flows related to contractually specified servicing fees. The Bank periodically evaluates servicing assets for impairment, which is measured as the excess of cost over fair value. This review is performed on a disaggregated basis, based on loan type and interest rate. In estimating fair values at June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Bank used a weighted average constant prepayment rate (“CPR”) of 24.60% and 8.58%, respectively, and a weighted-average discount rate of 9.00% for both periods. Servicing assets, which are included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, had a carrying value of $450,000 and a fair value of $901,000 at June 30, 2009. Servicing assets at June 30, 2008 had a carrying value of $673,000 and a fair value of $1.4 million. As of June 30, 2009, a total allowance of $72,000 is required for the servicing assets, while no allowances were required for the servicing assets as of June 30, 2008. Total additions to loan servicing assets during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 were $2,000 and $21,000, respectively. Total amortization of the loan servicing assets during fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $153,000, $339,000 and $421,000, respectively.
Rights to future income from serviced loans that exceed contractually specified servicing fees are recorded as interest-only strips. Interest-only strips are carried at fair value, utilizing the same assumptions that are used to value the related servicing assets, with any unrealized gain or loss, net of tax, recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Interest-only strips are included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and had a fair value of $294,000, comprised of gross unrealized gains of $243,000 and an unamortized cost of $51,000 at June 30, 2009. Interest-only strips at June 30, 2008 had a fair value of $419,000, comprised of gross unrealized gains of $286,000 and an unamortized cost of $133,000. There were no additions to interest-only strips during fiscal 2009 or 2008. Total amortization of the interest-only strips during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $81,000, $92,000 and $105,000, respectively.
During the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, the Corporation sold 33%, 48% and 38%, respectively, of its loans originated for sale to a private investor, other than Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae or FHLB - San Francisco. If the Corporation is unable to sell loans to its primary investor, find alternative investors, or change its loan programs to meet investor guidelines, it may have a significant negative impact on the Corporation’s operations.
Loans held for sale
Loans held for sale consist primarily of long-term fixed-rate loans secured by first trust deeds on single-family residences, the majority of which are FHA/VA, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac loan products. The loans are generally offered to customers located in Southern California, primarily in Riverside and San Bernardino counties, commonly known as the Inland Empire, and to a lesser extent in Orange, Los Angeles, San Diego and other counties, including Alameda county and surrounding counties in Northern California. The loans have been hedged with loan sale
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
commitments, put options or other financial instruments and the loan sale settlement period is generally between 20 to 30 days from the date of the loan funding. Upon the election of the fair value option (SFAS No. 159) on May 28, 2009, all loans originated for sale on the day of the election and thereafter are included as loans held for sale at fair value, while prior loans originated for sale are categorized as loans held for sale at lower of cost or market.
Loans held for investment
Loans held for investment consist primarily of long-term loans secured by first trust deeds on single-family residences, other residential property, commercial property and land. The single-family adjustable-rate mortgage (“ARM”) is the Corporation’s primary loan held for investment. Additionally, multi-family, commercial real estate and to a lesser extent, construction, commercial business and consumer loans, are becoming a substantial part of loans held for investment. These loans are generally offered to customers and businesses located in Southern California, primarily in the Inland Empire, and to a lesser extent in Orange, Los Angeles, San Diego and other counties, including Alameda county and surrounding counties in Northern California.
Loan origination fees and certain direct origination expenses are deferred and amortized to interest income over the contractual life of the loan using the effective interest method. The amortization is discontinued for non-performing loans. Interest receivable represents, for the most part, the current month’s interest, which will be included as a part of the borrower’s next monthly loan payment. Interest receivable is accrued only if deemed collectible. Loans are deemed to be on non-performing status when they become 90 days past due or if the loan is deemed impaired. When a loan is placed on non-performing status, interest accrued but not received is reversed against interest income. Interest income on non-performing loans is subsequently recognized only to the extent that cash is received and the loans’ principal balance is deemed collectible. Non-performing loans that become current as to both principal and interest are returned to accrual status after demonstrating satisfactory payment history and when future payments are expected to be collected.
Allowance for loan losses
It is the policy of the Corporation to provide an allowance for loan losses inherent in the loans held for investment as of the balance sheet date when any significant and permanent decline in the borrower’s ability to pay has occurred. Periodic reviews are made in an attempt to identify potential problems at an early stage. Individual loans are periodically reviewed and are classified according to their inherent risk. The internal asset review policy used by the Corporation is the primary basis by which the Corporation evaluates the probable loss exposure. Management’s determination of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is based on an evaluation of the loans held for investment, past experience, prevailing market conditions, and other relevant factors. The determination of the allowance for loan losses is based on estimates that are particularly susceptible to changes in the economic environment and market conditions. The allowance is increased by the provision for loan losses charged against income and reduced by charge-offs, net of recoveries.
Allowance for unfunded loan commitments
The Corporation maintains the allowance for unfunded loan commitments at a level that is adequate to absorb estimated probable losses related to these unfunded credit facilities. The Corporation determines the adequacy of the allowance based on periodic evaluations of the unfunded credit facilities, including an assessment of the probability of commitment usage, credit risk factors for loans outstanding to these same customers, and the terms and expiration dates of the unfunded credit facilities. The allowance for unfunded loan commitments is recorded as a liability on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Net adjustments to the allowance for unfunded loan commitments are included in other non-interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Troubled debt restructured loans (“Restructured loans”)
A restructured loan is a loan which the Corporation, for reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower that the Corporation would not otherwise consider.
The loan terms which have been modified or restructured due to a borrower’s financial difficulty, include but are not limited to:
a)
A reduction in the stated interest rate.
b)
An extension of the maturity at an interest rate below market.
c)
A reduction in the face amount of the debt.
d)
A reduction in the accrued interest.
e)
Re-aging, extensions, deferrals, renewals and rewrites.
Restructured loans are classified as “Substandard” and placed on non-performing status. The loans may be upgraded and placed on accrual status once there is a sustained period of payment performance (usually six months or longer) and there is a reasonable assurance that the payment will continue.
Non-performing loans
The Corporation assesses loans individually and identifies impairment when the accrual of interest has been discontinued, loans have been restructured or management has serious doubts about the future collectibility of principal and interest, even though the loans may currently be performing. Factors considered in determining impairment include, but are not limited to, expected future cash flows, the financial condition of the borrower and current economic conditions. The Corporation measures each impaired loan based on the fair value of its collateral, less selling costs, or discounted cash flow and charges off those loans or portions of loans deemed uncollectible.
Real estate
Real estate acquired through foreclosure is initially recorded at the lesser of the loan balance at the time of foreclosure or the fair value of the real estate acquired, less estimated selling costs. Subsequent to foreclosure, the Corporation charges current earnings with a provision for estimated losses if the carrying value of the property exceeds its fair value. Gains or losses on the sale of real estate are recognized upon disposition of the property. Costs relating to improvement of the property are capitalized. Other costs are expensed as incurred.
Impairment of long-lived assets
The Corporation reviews its long-lived assets for impairment annually or when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable. Long-lived assets include buildings, land, fixtures, furniture and equipment. An asset is considered impaired when the expected undiscounted cash flows over the remaining useful life are less than the net book value. When impairment is indicated for an asset, the amount of impairment loss is the excess of the net book value over its fair value.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Premises and equipment
Premises and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed primarily on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives as follows:
Buildings
10 to 40 years
Furniture and fixtures
3 to 10 years
Automobiles
3 years
Computer equipment
3 to 5 years
Leasehold improvements are amortized over the respective lease terms or the useful life of the improvement, which range from one to 10 years. Maintenance and repair costs are charged to operations as incurred.
Income taxes
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109”. FIN 48 prescribes a more-likely-than-not threshold for the financial statement recognition of uncertain tax positions. In this regard, an uncertain tax position represents the Corporation’s expected treatment of a tax position taken in a filed tax return, or planned to be taken in a future tax return, that has not been reflected in measuring income tax expense for financial reporting purposes. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for income taxes by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 provides guidance on the financial statement recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of income tax uncertainties with respect to positions taken or expected to be taken in income tax returns. On July 1, 2007, the Corporation adopted the provisions of FIN 48 and had no cumulative effect adjustment recognized upon adoption. In addition, as a result of adoption of FIN 48, the Corporation does not have any unrecognized tax benefits as a result of uncertainty in income taxes on its Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of June 30, 2009 and June 30, 2008. The calculation of the Corporation’s (benefit) provision for income taxes requires the use of estimates and judgments. There are two accruals for income taxes: income tax receivable, which represents the estimated amount currently due from the federal and state government and net deferred tax assets, which represent the estimated impact of temporary differences between how the Corporation recognizes its assets and liabilities under GAAP, and how such assets and liabilities are recognized under the federal tax code. The effective tax rate is based in part on management’s interpretation of the relevant current tax laws. Management believes the aggregate liabilities related to taxes are appropriately reflected in the consolidated financial statements. Management reviewed the appropriate tax treatment of all transactions taking into consideration statutory, judicial, and regulatory guidance in the context of the Corporation’s tax positions. Changes to management’s estimates of accrued taxes can occur due to changes in tax rates, implementation of new business strategies and newly enacted statutory, judicial, and regulatory guidance. Such changes could affect the amount of accrued taxes and could be material to the Corporation’s financial position and/or results of operations. It is the Corporation’s policy to record any penalties or interest arising from federal or state taxes as a component of income tax expense. The Corporation files income tax returns with the Internal Revenue Service (federal) and State of California jurisdictions. The Corporation is no longer subject to income tax examinations for the years prior to fiscal 2005 for federal tax returns and prior to fiscal 2004 for state tax returns.
Cash dividend
A declaration or payment of dividends will be at the discretion of the Corporation’s Board of Directors, which will take into account the Corporation’s financial condition, results of operations, tax considerations, capital requirements, industry standards, economic conditions and other factors, including the regulatory restrictions which affect the payment of dividends by the Bank to the Corporation. Under Delaware law, dividends may be paid either out of surplus or, if there is no surplus, out of net profits for the current fiscal year and/or the preceding fiscal year in
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
which the dividend is declared. On January 20, 2009, the Corporation reduced its quarterly dividend to $0.03 per share from $0.05 per share as a part of its capital preservation strategy precipitated by the recent economic downturn.
Stock repurchases
The Corporation may repurchase its common stock consistent with Board-approved stock repurchase plans. As a result of the recent economic downturn, the Corporation suspended activity in its stock repurchase program in order to preserve capital and the June 2008 stock repurchase program expired on June 26, 2009. During fiscal 2009, the Corporation repurchased 65 shares of restricted stock in lieu of distribution to employees (to satisfy the minimum income tax required to be withheld from employees) at an average cost of $4.11 per share. As of June 30, 2009, the Corporation did not have a stock repurchase program.
Earnings per common share (EPS)
Basic EPS represents net income (loss) divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period excluding any potential dilutive effects. Diluted EPS gives effect to any potential issuance of common stock that would have caused basic EPS to be lower as if the issuance had already occurred. Accordingly, diluted EPS reflects an increase in the weighted average shares outstanding as a result of the assumed exercise of stock options and the vesting of restricted stock. The computation of diluted EPS shall not assume exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock that would have an anti-dilutive effect on EPS.
Stock-based compensation
Prior to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2005, stock options were accounted for under Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25 using the intrinsic value method. Accordingly, no stock option expense was recorded in periods prior to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2005, since the exercise price of the options issued has always been equal to the market value at the date of grant. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment,” requires companies to recognize in the statement of operations the grant-date fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation issued to employees and directors. Effective July 1, 2005, the Corporation adopted SFAS No. 123(R) using the modified prospective method under which the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R) are applied to new awards and to awards modified, repurchased or cancelled after June 30, 2005 and to awards outstanding on June 30, 2005 for which requisite service has not yet been rendered.
The adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) resulted in stock-based compensation expense related to issued and unvested stock option grants. The stock-based compensation expense for fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $675,000, $742,000 and $462,000, respectively. Cash provided by operating activities for fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 decreased by $0, $6,000 and $81,000, respectively, and cash provided by financing activities increased by an identical amount for fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, related to excess tax benefits from stock-based payment arrangements.
ESOP (Employee Stock Ownership Plan)
The Corporation recognizes compensation expense when shares are committed to be released to employees in an amount equal to the fair value of the shares so committed. The difference between the amount of compensation expense and the cost of the shares released is recorded as additional paid-in capital. Any cash dividends received on the unallocated ESOP shares which are applied as a payment to the ESOP loan without a corresponding reduction in the Bank’s contribution to the ESOP leads to additional shares released to participants and additional compensation expense.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Restricted stock
The Corporation recognizes compensation expense over the vesting period of the shares awarded, equal to the fair value of the shares at the award date.
Post retirement benefits
The estimated obligation for post retirement health care and life insurance benefits is determined based on an actuarial computation of the cost of current and future benefits for the eligible (grandfathered) retirees and employees. The post retirement benefit liability is included in other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Effective July 1, 2003, the Corporation discontinued the post retirement health care and life insurance benefits to any employee not previously qualified (grandfathered) for these benefits. At June 30, 2009, the accrued liability for post retirement benefits is $188,000 and is fully funded consistent with actuarially determined estimates of the future obligation.
Comprehensive income (loss)
Accounting principles generally require that realized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income (loss). Although certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities, are reported as a separate component of the stockholders’ equity section of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, such items, along with income (loss), are components of comprehensive income (loss).
The components of other comprehensive income (loss) and their related tax effects are as follows:
Recent accounting pronouncements
Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-1:
In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-1, Topic 105, “Generally Accepted Accounting Principles amendments based on the Statement of Financial Standards No. 168 - the FASB Accounting Standard Codifications and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” This Accounting Standards Update amends the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for the issuance of FASB Statement No. 168, “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” This Accounting Standards Update includes Statement No. 168 in its entirety, including the accounting standards update instructions contained in Appendix B of the Statement. The FASB Codification is not expected to have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements in terms of Codification references.
SFAS (“Statement”) No. 168:
In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” a replacement of SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” The FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Codification”) will become the source of
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
authoritative U.S. GAAP recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. Rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. On the effective date of this statement, the Codification will supersede all then-existing non-SEC accounting and reporting standards. All other non-grandfathered non-SEC accounting literature not included in the Codification will become non-authoritative. SFAS No. 168 is effective for interim and annual financial statements issued after September 15, 2009. The Corporation will adopt this Statement in the first quarter of fiscal 2010 and is in the process of evaluating the impact that the adoption will have on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements in terms of Codification references.
SFAS No. 167:
In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, “Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46 (R),” to improve financial reporting by enterprises involved with variable interest entities (“VIEs”). SFAS No. 167 addresses: (1) the effects on certain provisions of FASB Interpretation No. (“FIN”) 46R, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” as a result of the elimination of the qualifying SPE concept in SFAS No. 166, and (2) constituent concerns about the application of certain key provisions of FIN 46R, including those in which the accounting and disclosures under FIN 46R do not always provide timely and useful information about an enterprise’s involvement in a VIE. SFAS No. 167 is effective at the beginning of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009, for interim periods within that first annual reporting period, and for interim and annual periods thereafter. Early adoption is prohibited. The Corporation will be required to adopt SFAS 167 on July 1, 2010, and has not yet assessed the impact of the adoption of this standard on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.
SFAS No. 166:
In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 166, “Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets,” an amendment of SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities.” This statement is to improve the relevance, representational faithfulness, and comparability of the information that a reporting entity provides in its financial statements about a transfer of financial assets; the effects of a transfer on its financial position, financial performance and cash flows; and a transferor’s continuing involvement, if any, in transferred financial assets. SFAS No. 166 addresses (1) practices that have developed since the issuance of SFAS No. 140 that are not consistent with the original intent and key requirements of that statement, and (2) concerns of financial statement users that many of the financial assets (and related obligations) that have been derecognized should continue to be reported in the financial statements of transferors. SFAS No. 166 is effective at the beginning of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009, for interim periods within that first annual reporting period, and for interim and annual periods thereafter. Early adoption is prohibited. This statement must be applied to transfers occurring on or after the effective date. However, the disclosure provisions of this statement should be applied to transfers that occurred both before and after the effective date. Additionally, on and after the effective date, the concept of qualifying special-purpose entity (“SPE”) is no longer relevant for accounting purposes. Therefore, formerly qualifying SPEs, as defined under previous accounting standards, should be evaluated for consolidation by reporting entities on and after the effective date in accordance with the applicable consolidation guidance. The Corporation will be required to adopt SFAS 167 on July 1, 2010, and has not yet assessed the impact of the adoption of this standard on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.
SFAS No. 165:
In May 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 165, “Subsequent Events”. SFAS No. 165 sets forth general accounting and disclosure requirements for events that occur subsequent to the balance sheet date but before the company’s financial statements are issued and is effective for the periods ending after June 15, 2009. Events that occurred subsequent to June 30, 2009 have been evaluated by the Corporation’s management in accordance with SFAS No. 165 through the time of filing this report on September 14, 2009. Adoption of this standard was not significant to the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) FAS 107-1 and Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) 28-1:
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments.” This FSP amends FASB Statement No. 107, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” to require disclosures about fair value of financial instruments for interim reporting periods of publicly traded companies as well as in annual financial statements. This FSP also amends APB Opinion No. 28, “Interim Financial Reporting,” to require those disclosures in summarized financial information at interim reporting periods. This FSP was effective for interim and annual reporting periods ended after June 15, 2009. The adoption of this FSP in the fourth quarter did not have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.
FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2:
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, “Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments.” The objective of an other-than-temporary impairment analysis under existing U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) is to determine whether the holder of an investment in a debt or equity security for which changes in fair value are not regularly recognized in earnings (such as securities classified as held-to-maturity or available-for-sale) should recognize a loss in earnings when the investment is impaired. An investment is impaired if the fair value of the investment is less than its amortized cost basis. This FSP amends the other-than-temporary impairment guidance in GAAP for debt securities to make the guidance more operational and to improve the presentation and disclosure of other-than-temporary impairments on debt and equity securities in the financial statements. This FSP does not amend existing recognition and measurement guidance related to other-than-temporary impairments of equity securities. The FSP was effective for interim and annual reporting periods ended after June 15, 2009. The adoption of this FSP in the fourth quarter did not have material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.
FSP FAS 157-4:
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-4, “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly.” This FSP provides additional guidance for estimating fair value in accordance with FASB Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased. This FSP also includes guidance on identifying circumstances that indicate a transaction is not orderly. This FSP emphasizes that even if there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability and regardless of the valuation technique(s) used, the objective of a fair value measurement remains the same. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. This FSP was effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009. The adoption of this FSP in the fourth quarter did not have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.
FSP SFAS No. 132R-1:
In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP SFAS No.132R-1, “Employer’s Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Asset,” which amends SFAS No. 132R, “Employer’s Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits,” to provide guidance on employers’ disclosures about plan assets of a defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan. The objectives of the disclosures are to provide users of financial statements with an understanding of the plan investment policies and strategies regarding investment allocation, major categories of plan assets, use of fair valuation inputs and techniques, effect of fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (i.e., level 3 inputs), and significant concentrations of risk within plan assets. FSP SFAS No. 132R-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2009, with early adoption permitted. This FSP does not require comparative disclosures for earlier periods. Management has not determined the impact of this FSP on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
FSP No. 133-1 and FASB Interpretation (“FIN”) 45-4:
In September 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 133-1 and FIN 45-4, “Disclosures about Credit Derivatives and Certain Guarantees: An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 and FASB Interpretation No. 45; and Clarification of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 161.” The FSP is intended to improve disclosures about credit derivatives by requiring more information about the potential adverse effects of changes in credit risk on the financial position, financial performance, and cash flows of the sellers of credit derivatives. It amends SFAS No. 133 to require disclosures by sellers of credit derivatives, including credit derivatives embedded in hybrid instruments. The FSP also amends FIN 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness to Others,” to require an additional disclosure about the current status of the payment/performance risk of a guarantee. Finally, the FSP clarifies the Board’s intent about the effective date of SFAS No. 161. The Corporation adopted this FSP on January 1, 2009 and did not have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.
SFAS No. 161:
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative and Hedging Activities - an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133.” SFAS 161 requires enhanced disclosures on derivative and hedging activities. These enhanced disclosures will discuss (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement 133 and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. The Corporation adopted this Statement on January 1, 2009 and did not have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.
2. Investment Securities:
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment securities as of June 30, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:
(1)
Mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”).
(2)
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMO”).
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
In fiscal 2009, the Bank sold its common stock investments for a net gain of $356,000, purchased two MBS totaling $8.1 million and received MBS principal payments of $37.8 million. One MBS matured ($65,000) and no investment securities were called by the issuer. In fiscal 2008, $29.0 million of investment securities matured or were called by the issuer, $47.5 million of MBS principal payments were received and $78.9 million of investment securities were purchased. In fiscal 2007, $44.5 million of investment securities matured or were called by the issuer, $40.1 million of MBS principal payments were received and $56.5 million of investment securities were purchased. No investment securities were sold during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.
As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Corporation held investments with an unrealized loss position totaling $391,000 and $473,000, respectively, consisting of the following:
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of June 30, 2009, the unrealized holding losses relate to two adjustable rate private issue CMO which have been in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. The unrealized holding losses are primarily the result of perceived credit and liquidity concerns of privately issued CMO investment securities. Based on the nature of the investments (e.g. AAA rating, 2003 issuance, weighted average LTV of 57%, weighted average FICO score of 741, over collateralization, and senior tranche position), management concluded that such unrealized losses were not other than temporary as of June 30, 2009. The Corporation has the ability and positive intent to hold the investment securities to maturity, thereby realizing a full recovery.
Contractual maturities of investment securities as of June 30, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
3.
Loans Held for Investment:
Loans held for investment consisted of the following:
Fixed-rate loans comprised 4% of loans held for investment at June 30, 2009, unchanged from June 30, 2008. As of June 30, 2009, the Bank had $66.5 million in mortgage loans that are subject to negative amortization, consisting of $41.1 million in multi-family loans, $15.3 million in commercial real estate loans, $10.0 million in single-family loans and $100,000 in commercial business loans. This compares to negative amortization mortgage loans of $80.0 million at June 30, 2008, consisting of $45.1 million in multi-family loans, $22.0 million in commercial real estate loans and $12.9 million in single-family loans. The amount of negative amortization included in loan balances decreased to $565,000 at June 30, 2009 from $610,000 at June 30, 2008. During fiscal 2009, approximately $94,000, or 0.12%, of loan interest income represented negative amortization, down from $274,000, or 0.32% in fiscal 2008. Negative amortization involves a greater risk to the Bank because the loan principal balance may increase by a range of 110% to 115% of the original loan amount and because the loan payment may increase beyond the means of the borrower when loan principal amortization is required. Also, the Bank has invested in interest-only ARM loans, which typically have a fixed interest rate for the first two to five years coupled with an interest only payment, followed by a periodic adjustable interest rate and a fully amortizing loan payment. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, the interest-only ARM loans were $489.4 million and $601.3 million, or 40.4% and 43.5% of loans held for investment, respectively.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table sets forth information at June 30, 2009 regarding the dollar amount of loans held for investment that are contractually repricing during the periods indicated, segregated between adjustable interest rate loans and fixed interest rate loans. Adjustable interest rate loans having no stated repricing dates but reprice when the index they are tied to reprices (e.g. prime rate index) and checking account overdrafts are reported as repricing within one year. The table does not include any estimate of prepayments which may cause the Bank’s actual repricing experience to differ materially from that shown below.
The following summarizes the components of the net change in the allowance for loan losses:
Non-performing loans were $71.8 million and $23.2 million at June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The effect of non-performing and restructured loans on interest income for the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 is presented below:
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following tables identify the Corporation’s total recorded investment in non-performing loans by type, net of specific allowances, at June 30, 2009 and 2008:
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
At June 30, 2009 and 2008, there were no commitments to lend additional funds to those borrowers whose loans were classified as impaired.
During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, the Corporation’s average investment in non-performing loans was $52.0 million, $17.2 million and $10.2 million, respectively. Interest income of $6.4 million, $2.2 million and $646,000 was recognized, based on cash receipts, on non-performing loans during the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Corporation records interest on non-performing loans utilizing the cash basis method of accounting during the periods when the loans are on non-performing status.
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, 92 loans for $41.5 million were modified from their original terms, were re-underwritten at current market interest rates and were identified in the Corporation’s asset quality reports as restructured loans. This compares to 32 loans for $10.5 million that were modified in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008. As of June 30, 2009, the outstanding balance of modified (restructured) loans was $40.9 million, comprised of 113 loans. These restructured loans are classified as follows: 31 loans are classified as pass, are not included in the classified asset totals and remain on accrual status ($10.8 million); one loan is classified as special mention and remains on accrual status ($328,000); 78 loans are classified as substandard on non-performing status ($29.8 million); and three loans are classified as loss and fully reserved. As of June 30, 2009, 83 percent, or $33.9 million of the restructured loans have a current payment status.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table shows the restructured loans by type, net of specific allowances, at June 30, 2009 and 2008:
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
In the ordinary course of business, the Bank makes loans to its directors, officers and employees at substantially the same terms prevailing at the time of origination for comparable transactions with unaffiliated borrowers. The following is a summary of related-party loan activity:
As of June 30, 2009, all of the related-party loans are performing in accordance to their original contract.
4.
Mortgage Loan Servicing and Loans Originated for Sale:
The following summarizes the unpaid principal balance of loans serviced for others by the Corporation:
Mortgage servicing assets are recorded when loans are sold to investors and the servicing of those loans is retained by the Bank. Mortgage servicing assets are subject to interest rate risk and may become impaired when interest rates fall and the borrowers refinance or prepay their mortgage loans. The mortgage servicing assets are derived primarily from single-family loans.
Servicing loans for others generally consists of collecting mortgage payments, maintaining escrow accounts, disbursing payments to investors and processing foreclosures. Income from servicing loans is reported as loan servicing and other fees in the Corporation’s consolidated statements of operations, and the amortization of mortgage servicing assets is reported as a reduction to the loan servicing income. Loan servicing income includes servicing fees from investors and certain charges collected from borrowers, such as late payment fees. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Corporation held borrowers’ escrow balances related to loans serviced for others of $398,000 and $478,000, respectively.
Loans sold to the FHLB - San Francisco were completed under the MPF Program, which entitles the Bank to a credit enhancement fee collected from FHLB - San Francisco on a monthly basis.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table summarizes the Corporation’s mortgage servicing assets (“MSA”) for fiscal years ended June 30, 2009 and 2008.
The following table summarizes the estimated future amortization of mortgage servicing assets for the next five years and thereafter:
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table represents the hypothetical effect on the fair value of the Corporation’s mortgage servicing assets using an unfavorable shock analysis of certain key assumptions used in the valuation of the mortgage servicing assets as of June 30, 2009 and 2008. This analysis is presented for hypothetical purposes only. As the amounts indicate, changes in fair value based on changes in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear.
Loans sold consisted of the following:
Loans held for sale, at fair value, consisted of the following:
Loans held for sale, at lower of cost or market, consisted of the following:
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
5.
Real Estate Owned:
Real estate owned consisted of the following:
Real estate owned was primarily the result of real estate acquired in the settlement of loans. As of June 30, 2009, real estate owned was comprised of 80 properties, primarily single-family residences located in Southern California. This compares to 45 real estate owned properties at June 30, 2008, primarily single-family residences located in Southern California. The increase in real estate owned was due primarily to an increase in foreclosures resulting from weakness in the real estate market, limited refinancing opportunity and deteriorating general economic conditions.
During fiscal 2009, the Bank acquired 157 real estate owned properties in the settlement of loans and sold 122 properties for a net loss of $128,000. In fiscal 2008, the Bank acquired 72 real estate owned properties in the settlement of loans and sold 37 properties for a net loss of $932,000.
A summary of the disposition and operations of real estate owned acquired in the settlement of loans for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 consisted of the following:
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
6.
Premises and Equipment:
Premises and equipment consisted of the following:
Depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 amounted to $962,000, $1.0 million and $972,000, respectively.
7.
Deposits:
(1)
Certain interest-bearing checking, savings, money market and time deposits require a minimum balance to earn interest.
(2)
Includes a single depositor with balances of $83.0 million and $100.3 million at June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively; and includes brokered deposits of $19.6 million and $0 at June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The aggregate annual maturities of time deposits are as follows:
Interest expense on deposits is summarized as follows:
The Corporation is required to maintain reserve balances with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. Such reserves are calculated based on deposit balances and are offset by the cash balances maintained by the Bank. The cash balances maintained by the Bank at June 30, 2009 and 2008 were sufficient to cover the reserve requirements.
8.
Borrowings:
Advances from the FHLB - San Francisco, which mature on various dates through 2021, are collateralized by pledges of certain real estate loans with an aggregate principal balance at June 30, 2009 and 2008 of $632.9 million and $899.3 million, respectively. In addition, the Bank pledged investment securities totaling $17.9 million at June 30, 2009 to collateralize its FHLB - San Francisco advances under the Securities-Backed Credit (“SBC”) program as compared to $26.4 million at June 30, 2008. At June 30, 2009, the Bank’s FHLB - San Francisco borrowing capacity, which is limited to 45% of total assets reported on the Bank’s quarterly Thrift Financial Report to the OTS, is approximately $703.3 million as compared to $837.1 million at June 30, 2008 which was limited to 50% of total assets reported on the Bank’s quarterly Thrift Financial Report. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, the remaining borrowing facility was $238.5 million and $352.7 million, respectively, with the remaining collateral of $185.0 million and $439.9 million, respectively. As of July 16, 2009, the FHLB - San Francisco reduced the borrowing capacity to 40% due to perceived further deterioration in the loan portfolio quality.
In addition, the Bank had a borrowing arrangement in the form of a federal funds facility with its correspondent bank for $25.0 million which matured on November 30, 2008. The correspondent bank did not extend the federal funds facility. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Bank had no borrowings outstanding under this facility.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Borrowings consisted of the following:
In addition to the total borrowings mentioned above, the Corporation utilized its borrowing facility for letters of credit and MPF credit enhancement. The outstanding letters of credit at June 30, 2009 and 2008 were $5.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively; and the outstanding MPF credit enhancement was $3.1 million and $3.1 million, respectively.
As a member of the FHLB - San Francisco, the Bank is required to maintain a minimum investment in FHLB - San Francisco stock. The Bank held the required investment of $27.9 million and an excess investment of $5.1 million at June 30, 2009, as compared to the required investment of $30.0 million and an excess investment of $2.1 million at June 30, 2008. During fiscal 2009, the FHLB - San Francisco announced that they would not repurchase excess capital stock on January 31, 2009, April 30, 2009 or July 31, 2009 as a result of their desire to strengthen their capital ratios. The stock dividend from FHLB - San Francisco recognized in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $324,000, $1.8 million and $2.2 million, respectively. On July 31, 2009, the FHLB - San Francisco declared a cash dividend for the quarter ended June 30, 2009 at an annualized rate of 0.84%. The accrued cash dividend of $69,000 was recognized by the Bank in July 2009.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following tables set forth certain information regarding borrowings by the Bank at the dates and for the years indicated:
(1) Borrowings with a remaining term of 12 months or less.
The aggregate annual contractual maturities of borrowings are as follows:
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
9.
Income Taxes:
The Corporation utilizes the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and tax credit carryforwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effect of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. The (benefit) provision for income taxes consisted of the following:
The Corporation’s tax benefit from non-qualified equity compensation in fiscal 2009, fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2007 was approximately $0, $6,000 and $81,000, respectively.
The (benefit) provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the applicable U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to pre-tax income from continuing operations as a result of the following differences:
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Deferred tax assets by jurisdiction were as follows:
Net deferred tax assets were comprised of the following:
The net deferred tax assets are included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The Corporation analyzes the deferred tax assets to determine whether a valuation allowance is required based on the more likely than not criteria that such assets will be realized principally through future taxable income. This criteria takes into account the actual earnings and the estimates of profitability. The Corporation has determined that a valuation allowance is not required for any deferred tax assets. The Corporation may carryback net federal tax losses to the preceding two taxable years and forward to the succeeding 20 taxable years. At June 30, 2009, the Corporation had no federal or state net tax loss carryforwards. Based upon projections of future taxable income for the periods in which the temporary differences are expected to be deductible, management believes it is more likely than not the Company will realize the deferred tax asset.
Retained earnings at June 30, 2009 included approximately $9.0 million (pre-1988 bad debt reserve for tax purposes) for which federal income tax of $3.1 million had not been provided. If the amounts that qualify as deductions for federal income tax purposes are later used for purposes other than for bad debt losses, including distribution in liquidation, they will be subject to federal income tax at the then-current corporate tax rate. If those amounts are not so used, they will not be subject to tax even in the event the Bank were to convert its charter from a thrift to a bank.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
10.
Capital:
The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Corporation’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of Total and Tier 1 Capital (as defined in the regulations) to Risk-Weighted Assets (as defined), and of Core Capital (as defined) to Adjusted Tangible Assets (as defined). Management believes, as of June 30, 2009 and 2008, that the Bank meets all capital adequacy requirements to which it is subject.
As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, the most recent notification from the Office of Thrift Supervision categorized the Bank as “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as “well capitalized” the Bank must maintain minimum Total Risk-Based Capital (to risk-weighted assets), Core Capital (to adjusted tangible assets) and Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital (to risk-weighted assets) as set forth in the following table. There are no conditions or events since the notification that management believes have changed the Bank’s category.
The Bank may not declare or pay cash dividends on or repurchase any of its shares of common stock, if the effect would cause stockholders equity to be reduced below applicable regulatory capital maintenance requirements or if such declaration and payment would otherwise violate regulatory requirements. In fiscal 2009, the Bank did not declare cash dividends to its parent, the Corporation, while in fiscal 2008 and 2007, the Bank declared and paid cash dividends of $12.0 million and $20.0 million, respectively to, its parent.
Federal regulations require that institutions with investments in subsidiaries conducting real estate investment and joint venture activities maintain sufficient capital over the minimum regulatory requirements. The Bank maintains capital in excess of the minimum requirements.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios as of June 30, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:
11.
Benefit Plans:
The Corporation has a 401(k) defined-contribution plan covering all employees meeting specific age and service requirements. Under the plan, employees may contribute to the plan from their pretax compensation up to the limits set by the Internal Revenue Service. The Corporation makes matching contributions up to 3% of participants’ pretax compensation. Participants vest immediately in their own contributions with 100% vesting in the Corporation’s contributions occurring after six years of credited service. The Corporation’s expense for the plan was approximately $304,000, $304,000 and $426,000 for the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The Corporation has a multi-year employment agreement with one executive officer, which requires payments of certain benefits upon retirement. At June 30, 2009 and 2008, the accrued liability is $2.7 million and $2.3 million, respectively; costs are being accrued and expensed annually; and the current obligation is fully funded consistent with contractual requirements and actuarially determined estimates of the total future obligation.
ESOP (Employee Stock Ownership Plan)
An ESOP was established on June 27, 1996 for all employees who are age 21 or older and have completed one year of service with the Corporation during which they have served a minimum of 1,000 hours. The ESOP Trust borrowed $4.1 million from the Corporation to purchase 922,538 shares of the common stock issued in the conversion. Shares purchased with the loan proceeds are held in an unearned ESOP account and released on a pro- rata basis based on the distribution schedule and repayment of the ESOP loan. The loan is principally repaid from the Corporation’s contributions to the ESOP over a period of 15 years. Contributions to the ESOP and share releases from the unearned ESOP account are allocated among participants on the basis of compensation, as described in the plan, in the year of allocation. Benefits generally become 100% vested after six years of credited service. Vesting accelerates upon retirement, death or disability of the participant or in the event of a change in control of the Corporation. Forfeitures are reallocated among remaining participating employees in the same proportion as contributions. Benefits are payable upon death, retirement, early retirement, disability or separation
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
from service. Since the annual contributions are discretionary, the benefits payable under the ESOP cannot be estimated.
In addition to the scheduled ESOP loan payments, from September 2002 through December 2007, the ESOP Trust paid additional principal amounts funded by cash dividends received on the unallocated ESOP shares. There was no additional principal payment in fiscal 2009. The additional principal payments in fiscal 2008 and 2007 were $52,000 and $131,000, respectively. These loan payments resulted in additional compensation expense of $271,000 and $835,000 in fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively, and additional ESOP share releases of 13,166 shares and 29,079 shares, respectively.
The Corporation did not intend to accelerate the ESOP share allocations triggered by additional ESOP loan principal payments funded by cash dividends from unallocated ESOP shares but did so as a result of an ambiguity in the ESOP Plan document. On April 22, 2008, the Bank submitted a self-correction application to the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) as a result of the ambiguity in the ESOP Plan regarding the ESOP’s repayment of the ESOP loan. On March 27, 2009, the IRS approved a Voluntary Program Compliance Statement (“ESOP self correction”), which was subsequently ratified by the Board of Directors of the Bank on April 30, 2009. On June 19, 2009, the Bank executed the ESOP self correction, which allowed the Bank to restore the ESOP loan by reversing the accelerated repayment of the loan and restoring the corresponding allocated shares to unallocated shares. The shares were recovered to unallocated status consistent with the increase to the ESOP loan. The Corporation reimbursed $933,000 to the ESOP for the unallocated cash dividends from the reversed loan prepayments plus $54,000 of accumulated interest. The total compensation expense recovery from the ESOP self correction was $2.6 million.
The net (recovery) expense related to the ESOP for the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $(2.4) million, $1.4 million and $2.6 million, respectively. At June 30, 2009 and 2008, the outstanding balance on the loan was $745,000 (subsequent to the self correction) and $144,000, respectively. At June 30, 2009 and 2008, the unearned ESOP account of $473,000 (subsequent to the self correction) and $102,000, respectively, was reported as a reduction to stockholders’ equity.
The table below reflects ESOP activity for the year indicated (in number of shares):
The fair value of unallocated ESOP shares was $590,000, $216,000 and $2.6 million at June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
12.
Incentive Plans:
As of June 30, 2009, the Corporation had three share-based compensation plans, which are described below. These plans include the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, 2003 Stock Option Plan and 1996 Stock Option Plan. The 1997 Management Recognition Plan was fully distributed in July 2007 and is no longer an active incentive plan. The compensation cost that has been charged against income for these plans was $1.1 million, $1.0 million and $511,000 for fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The income tax benefit recognized in the
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Statements of Operations for share-based compensation plans was $0, $6,000 and $81,000 for fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Equity Incentive Plan. The Corporation established and the shareholders approved the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (“2006 Plan”) for directors, advisory directors, directors emeriti, officers and employees of the Corporation and its subsidiary. The 2006 Plan authorizes 365,000 stock options and 185,000 shares of restricted stock. The 2006 Plan also provides that no person may be granted more than 73,000 stock options or awarded more than 27,750 shares of restricted stock in any one year.
a) Equity Incentive Plan - Stock Options. Under the 2006 Plan, options may not be granted at a price less than the fair market value at the date of the grant. Options typically vest over a five-year period on a pro-rata basis as long as the director, advisory director, director emeriti, officer or employee remains in service to the Corporation, although alternative vesting schedules are also acceptable. The options are exercisable after vesting for up to the remaining term of the original grant. The maximum term of the options granted is 10 years.
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model with the assumptions noted in the following table. The expected volatility is based on implied volatility from historical common stock closing prices for the prior 84 months. The expected dividend yield is based on the most recent quarterly dividend on an annualized basis. The expected term is based on the historical experience of all fully vested stock option grants and is reviewed annually. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury note rate with a term similar to the underlying stock option on the particular grant date.
A total of 182,000 options were granted in fiscal 2009 with a three-year cliff vesting schedule and the weighted-average fair value of options granted as of the grant date was $2.14 per option, while 2,200 options were forfeited and no options were exercised in fiscal 2009. In fiscal 2008, no options were granted or exercised from the 2006 Plan, while 12,000 options were forfeited. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, there were 9,900 and 189,700 options, respectively, available for future grants under the 2006 Plan.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following is a summary of stock option activity since the inception of the 2006 Plan and changes during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 are presented below:
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $2.14, $0 and $6.49 per share, respectively. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, there was $655,000 and $701,000 of unrecognized compensation expense, respectively, related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the 2006 Plan. The expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years and 3.6 years, respectively. The forfeiture rate during fiscal 2009 and 2008 was 25 percent and 20 percent, respectively, calculated by using the historical forfeiture experience of all fully vested stock option grants and is reviewed annually.
b) Equity Incentive Plan - Restricted Stock. The Corporation used 185,000 shares of its treasury stock to fund the restricted stock portion of the 2006 Plan. Awarded shares typically vest over a five-year period as long as the director, advisory director, director emeriti, officer or employee remains in service to the Corporation, although alternative vesting schedules are also acceptable. Once vested, a recipient of restricted stock will have all the rights of a shareholder, including the power to vote and the right to receive dividends. The Corporation recognizes compensation expense for the restricted stock awards based on the fair value of the shares at the award date.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
In fiscal 2009, a total of 100,300 shares of restricted stock were awarded with a three-year cliff vesting schedule, 1,400 shares were forfeited and 12,000 shares were vested and distributed. In fiscal 2008, a total of 4,000 shares of restricted stock were awarded, 6,000 shares were forfeited and 11,350 shares were vested and distributed. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, there were 25,350 shares and 124,250 shares of restricted stock, respectively, available for future awards.
A summary of the status of the Corporation’s restricted stock since the inception of the plan and changes during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 are presented below:
As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, the unrecognized compensation expense under the 2006 Plan was $1.6 million and $1.4 million, respectively. The expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years and 3.6 years, respectively. Similar to options, the forfeiture rate for the restricted stock compensation expense calculations for fiscal 2009 and 2008 was 25 percent and 20 percent, respectively. The fair value of shares vested and distributed during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 was $52,000 and $178,000, respectively.
Stock Option Plans. The Corporation established the 1996 Stock Option Plan and the 2003 Stock Option Plan (collectively, the “Stock Option Plans”) for key employees and eligible directors under which options to acquire up to 1.15 million shares and 352,500 shares of common stock, respectively, may be granted. Under the Stock Option Plans, options may not be granted at a price less than the fair market value at the date of the grant. Options typically vest over a five-year period on a pro-rata basis as long as the employee or director remains an employee or director of the Corporation. The options are exercisable after vesting for up to the remaining term of the original grant. The maximum term of the options granted is 10 years.
On April 28, 2005, the Board of Directors accelerated the vesting of 136,950 unvested stock options, which were previously granted to directors, officers and key employees who had three or more continuous years of service with
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
the Corporation or an affiliate of the Corporation. The Board believed that it was in the best interest of the shareholders to accelerate the vesting of these options, which were granted prior to January 1, 2004, since it had a positive impact on the future earnings of the Corporation. This action was taken as a result of SFAS No. 123(R) which the Corporation adopted on July 1, 2005.
As a result of accelerating the vesting of these options, the Corporation recorded a $320,000 charge to compensation expense during the quarter ended June 30, 2005. This charge represented a new measurement of compensation cost for these options as of the modification date. The modification introduced the potential for an effective renewal of the awards as some of these options may have been forfeited by the holders. This charge required quarterly adjustments in future periods for actual forfeiture experience. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, a recovery of $19,000 was realized; and since inception, a $320,000 recovery has been realized. The Corporation estimates that the compensation expense related to these options that would have been recognized over their remaining vesting period pursuant to the transition provisions of SFAS No. 123(R) was $1.7 million. Because these options are now fully vested, they are not subject to the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R).
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model with the assumptions noted in the following table. The expected volatility is based on implied volatility from historical common stock closing prices for the prior 84 months (or 30 months for grants prior to September 2006). The expected dividend yield is based on the most recent quarterly dividend on an annualized basis. The expected term is based on the historical experience of all fully vested stock option grants and is reviewed annually. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury note rate with a term similar to the underlying stock option on the particular grant date.
In fiscal 2009, there were no options (under either plan) granted, forfeited or exercised. In fiscal 2008, the total options granted, exercised and forfeited were 50,000 options, 7,500 options and 57,700 options, respectively. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, the number of options available for future grants under the Stock Option Plans were 14,900 options and 14,900 options, respectively.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following is a summary of stock option activity under the 1996 and 2003 Plans:
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $0, $3.94 and $8.43 per share, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $0, $104,000 and $411,000, respectively.
As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, there was $1.1 million and $1.4 million of unrecognized compensation expense, respectively, related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the 1996 and 2003 Stock Option Plans. The expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.4 years and 2.7 years, respectively. The forfeiture rate during fiscal 2009 and 2008 was 25 percent and 20 percent, respectively, which was calculated based on the historical experience of all fully vested stock option grants and is reviewed annually.
Management Recognition Plan (“MRP”). The Corporation established the MRP to provide key employees and eligible directors with a proprietary interest in the growth, development and financial success of the Corporation through the award of restricted stock. The Corporation acquired 461,250 shares of its common stock in the open market to fund the MRP in 1997. All of the MRP shares have been awarded and distributed. Awarded shares vest over a five-year period as long as the employee or director remains an employee or director of the Corporation. The Corporation recognizes compensation expense for the MRP based on the fair value of the shares at the award date.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
MRP compensation expense was $0, $4,000 and $58,000 for the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
A summary of the activity of the Corporation’s MRP is presented below:
As of June 30, 2008, the MRP was fully distributed and is no longer an active plan. The forfeiture rate during fiscal 2008 was 0%, which was based on the full retention of the remaining participants. The fair value of shares vested during the years ended 2008 and 2007, was $85,000 and $174,000, respectively.
13.
Earnings Per Share:
Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the fiscal year. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities, restricted stock or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that would then share in the earnings of the Corporation. There were 905,500 stock options, 725,700 stock options and 752,900 stock options outstanding as of June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, there were 905,500 stock options, 658,200 stock options and 292,800 stock options, respectively, excluded from the diluted EPS computation as their effect was anti-dilutive with the strike price exceeding the market price. As of June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, there were restricted stock of 136,300 shares, 49,400 shares and 66,518 shares, respectively, also excluded from the diluted EPS computation as their effect was anti-dilutive.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
14.
Commitments and Contingencies:
The Corporation is involved in various legal matters associated with its normal operations. In the opinion of management, these matters will be resolved without material effect on the Corporation’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Corporation conducts a portion of its operations in leased facilities and has software maintenance contracts under non-cancelable agreements classified as operating leases. The following is a schedule of minimum rental payments under such operating leases, which expire in various years:
Lease expense under operating leases was approximately $966,000, $1.1 million and $1.3 million for the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
In the ordinary course of business, the Corporation enters into contracts with third parties under which the third parties provide services on behalf of the Corporation. In many of these contracts, the Corporation agrees to indemnify the third party service provider under certain circumstances. The terms of the indemnity vary from contract to contract and the amount of the indemnification liability, if any, cannot be determined. The Corporation also enters into other contracts and agreements; such as, loan sale agreements, litigation settlement agreements, confidentiality agreements, loan servicing agreements, leases and subleases, among others, in which the Corporation agrees to indemnify third parties for acts by the Corporation’s agents, assignees and/or sub-lessees, and employees. Due to the nature of these indemnification provisions, the Corporation cannot calculate its aggregate potential exposure under them.
Pursuant to their bylaws, the Corporation and its subsidiaries provide indemnification to directors, officers and, in some cases, employees and agents against certain liabilities incurred as a result of their service on behalf of or at the request of the Corporation and its subsidiaries. It is not possible for the Corporation to determine the aggregate potential exposure resulting from the obligation to provide this indemnity.
Periodically, there have been various claims and lawsuits involving the Bank, such as claims to enforce liens, condemnation proceedings on properties in which the Bank holds security interests, claims involving the making and servicing of real property loans and other issues in the ordinary course of and incident to the Bank’s business. The Bank is not a party to any pending legal proceedings that it believes would have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, operations and cash flows of the Bank.
15.
Derivatives and Other Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risks:
The Corporation is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, in the form of originating loans or providing funds under existing lines of credit, and loan sale commitments to third parties. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest-rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The Corporation’s exposure to credit loss, in the event of non-performance by the counterparty to these financial instruments, is
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
represented by the contractual amount of these instruments. The Corporation uses the same credit policies in making commitments to extend credit as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend money to a customer at some future date as long as all conditions have been met in the agreement. These commitments generally have expiration dates within 60 days of the commitment date and may require the payment of a fee. Since some of these commitments are expected to expire, the total commitment amount outstanding does not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Corporation evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis prior to issuing a commitment. At June 30, 2009 and 2008, interest rates on commitments to extend credit ranged from 4.25% to 15.00% and 5.00% to 7.00%, respectively.
In an effort to minimize its exposure to interest rate fluctuations on commitments to extend credit where the underlying loan will be sold, the Corporation may enter into loan sale commitments to sell certain dollar amounts of fixed rate and adjustable rate loans to third parties. These agreements specify the minimum maturity of the loans, the yield to the purchaser, the servicing spread to the Corporation (if servicing is retained), the maximum principal amount of all loans to be delivered and the maximum principal amount of individual loans to be delivered. The Corporation typically satisfies these loan sale commitments with its current loan production. If the Corporation is unable to reasonably predict the dollar amounts of loans which may not fund, the Corporation may enter into “best efforts” loan sale commitments rather than “mandatory” loan sale commitments. Mandatory loan sale commitments may include whole loan and/or To-Be-Announced MBS (“TBA-MBS”) loan sale commitments.
In addition to the instruments described above, the Corporation may also purchase over-the-counter put option contracts (with expiration dates that generally coincide with the terms of the commitments to extend credit), which mitigates the interest rate risk inherent in commitments to extend credit. In addition to put option contracts, the Corporation may purchase call option contracts to adjust its risk positions. The contract amounts of these instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Corporation has in this particular class of financial instruments. The Corporation’s exposure to loss on these financial instruments is limited to the premiums paid for the put and call option contracts. Put and call options are adjusted to market in accordance with SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended. There were no call or put option contracts outstanding at June 30, 2009 or 2008.
In accordance with SFAS No. 133 and interpretations of the FASB’s Derivative Implementation Group, the fair value of the commitments to extend credit on loans to be held for sale, loan sale commitments, put option and call option contracts are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets, and are included in prepaid expenses and other assets (if the net result is a gain) or Account payable, accrued interest and other liabilities (if the net result is a loss). The Corporation does not apply hedge accounting to its derivative financial instruments; therefore, all changes in fair value are recognized in the gain on sale of loans.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The net impact of derivative financial instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations during the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was as follows:
The outstanding derivative financial instruments as the dates indicated were as follows:
(1)
Net of an estimated 34.5% of commitments at June 30, 2009, 38.8% of commitments at March 31, 2009 and 48.0% of commitments at June 30, 2008, which may not fund.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
16.
Fair Values of Financial Instruments:
The Corporation adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” on July 1, 2008 and elected the fair value option (SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”) on May 28, 2009 on loans originated for sale by PBM. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 159 permits entities to elect to measure many financial instruments and certain other assets and liabilities at fair value on an instrument-by-instrument basis (the Fair Value Option) at specified election dates. At each subsequent reporting date, an entity is required to report unrealized gains and losses on items in earnings for which the fair value option has been elected. The objective of the statement is to provide entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex accounting provisions. The Corporation elected the fair value option (SFAS No. 159) on May 28, 2009 for PBM loans originated for sale. The impact of election was an increase to the ended retained earnings of $1.0 million and net of a decrease in deferred tax assets of $860,000, as follows:
The following table describes the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal balance of loans held for sale at fair value.
On April 9, 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-4, “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly.” This FSP provides additional guidance for estimating fair value in accordance with FASB Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
SFAS No. 157 establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy that prioritizes inputs to valuation techniques used in fair value calculations. The three levels of inputs are defined as follows:
Level
-
Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Corporation has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level
-
Observable inputs other than Level 1 such as: quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated to observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level
-
Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability that use significant assumptions, including assumptions of risks. These unobservable assumptions reflect the Corporation’s estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.
SFAS No. 157 requires the Corporation to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. If a financial instrument uses inputs that fall in different levels of the hierarchy, the instrument will be categorized based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value calculation.
The Corporation’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis consist of investment securities, loans held for sale at fair value and derivative financial instruments; while loans held for sale at lower of cost or market, non-performing loans and mortgage servicing assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.
Investment securities are primarily comprised of U.S. government sponsored enterprise debt securities, U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities, U.S. government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities and private issue collateralized mortgage obligations. The Corporation utilizes unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical securities (Level 1) for its fair value measurement of debt securities, quoted prices in active and less than active markets for similar securities (Level 2) for its fair value measurement of mortgage-backed securities and broker price indications for similar securities in non-active markets (Level 3) for its fair value measurement of collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMO”).
Derivative financial instruments are comprised of commitments to extend credit on loans to be held for sale and mandatory loan sale commitments. The fair value is determined, when possible, using quoted secondary-market prices. If no such quoted price exists, the fair value of a commitment is determined by quoted prices for a similar commitment or commitments, adjusted for the specific attributes of each commitment.
Loans held for sale at fair value are primarily single-family loans. The fair value is determined, when possible, using quoted secondary-market prices such as mandatory loan sale commitments. If no such quoted price exists, the fair value of a loan is determined by quoted prices for a similar loan or loans, adjusted for the specific attributes of each loan.
Loans held for sale at lower of cost or market are primarily single-family loans and are written down to fair value. The fair value is determined, when possible, using quoted secondary-market prices such as mandatory loan sale commitments. If no such quoted price exists, the fair value of a loan is determined by quoted prices for a similar loan or loans, adjusted for the specific attributes of each loan.
Non-performing loans are loans which are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrowers or of the collateral pledged. The non-performing loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. The fair value of an impaired loan is determined based on an observable market price or current appraised value of the underlying collateral, less selling costs. Appraised and reported values may be discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the borrower. For non-performing loans which are also restructured loans, the fair value is derived from discounted cash flow analysis, except those which are in the process of foreclosure, the fair value is derived from the appraisal value of its collateral, less selling costs. Non-performing loans are reviewed and evaluated on at least a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly, based on the same factors identified above. This loss is not recorded directly as an adjustment to current earnings or other comprehensive income, but rather as a component in determining the overall adequacy of the allowance for losses on loans. These adjustments to the estimated fair value of non-performing loans may result in increases or decreases to the provision for losses on loans recorded in current earnings.
The Corporation uses the amortization method for its mortgage servicing assets, which amortizes servicing assets in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income and assesses servicing assets for impairment based on fair value at each reporting date. The fair value of mortgage servicing assets are calculated using the present value method; which includes a third party’s prepayment projections of similar instruments, weighted average coupon rates and the estimated average life.
The rights to future income from serviced loans that exceed contractually specified servicing fees are recorded as interest-only strips. The fair value of interest-only strips are calculated using the same assumptions that are used to value the related servicing assets.
The fair value of real estate owned is derived from the lower of the appraisal value at the time of foreclosure, less selling costs or the list price provided by an independent realtor, less selling costs.
The Corporation’s valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. While management believes the Corporation’s valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.
The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about the Corporation’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of recurring fair value measurements recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition using Level 3 inputs:
The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about the Corporation’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis:
The reported fair values of financial instruments are based on various factors. In some cases, fair values represent quoted market prices for identical or comparable instruments. In other cases, fair values have been estimated based on assumptions concerning the amount and timing of estimated future cash flows, assumed discount rates and other factors reflecting varying degrees of risk. The estimates are subjective in nature and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates. Accordingly, the reported fair values may not represent actual values of the financial instruments that could have been realized as of year-end or that will be realized in the future. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate fair value of each class of significant financial instrument, not previously disclosed:
Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amount of these financial assets approximates the fair value.
Loans held for investment: For loans that reprice frequently at market rates, the carrying amount approximates the fair value. For fixed-rate loans, the fair value is determined by either (i) discounting the estimated future cash flows of such loans over their estimated remaining contractual maturities using a current interest rate at which such loans would be made to borrowers, or (ii) quoted market prices. The allowance for loan losses is subtracted as an estimate of the underlying credit risk.
Accrued interest receivable/payable: The carrying value for accrued interest receivable/payable approximates fair value because of the short-term nature of the financial instruments.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
FHLB - San Francisco stock: The carrying amount reported for FHLB - San Francisco stock approximates fair value. If redeemed, the Corporation will receive an amount equal to the par value of the stock.
Deposits: The fair value of time deposits is estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation. The discount rate is based upon rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities. The fair value of transaction accounts (checking, money market and savings accounts) is estimated by using the most recent Interest Rate Risk Exposure Report issued by the Office of Thrift Supervision which denotes the fair value of transaction accounts consistent with current market conditions.
Borrowings: The fair value of borrowings has been estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation. The discount rate on such borrowings is based upon rates currently offered for borrowings of similar remaining maturities.
Commitments to extend credit on loans to be held for sale: The fair value is derived from its corresponding loan sale commitments or its estimated current price of similar loan characteristics, adjusted for estimated loans which may not fund.
Mandatory loan sale commitments: Mandatory loan sale commitments may include whole loan and/or TBA-MBS loan sale commitments. The fair value for the whole loan sale commitments is based on the quoted market prices from the corresponding investors, adjusted for price weighting (based on existing loans available for sale and unfunded loans), estimated roll costs, and other related factors. The fair value for the TBA-MBS loan sale commitments is based on the quoted market price from independent pricing sources.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The carrying amount and fair value of the Corporation’s financial instruments were as follows:
17.
Reportable Segments:
The segment reporting is organized consistent with the Corporation’s executive summary and operating strategy. The business activities of the Corporation, primarily through the Bank and its subsidiary, consist of community banking (“Provident Bank”) and mortgage banking (“Provident Bank Mortgage”). Provident Bank operations primarily consist of accepting deposits from customers within the communities surrounding the Bank’s full service offices and investing those funds in single-family, multi-family, commercial real estate, construction, commercial business, consumer and other loans. Provident Bank Mortgage operations primarily consist of the origination and sale of mortgage loans secured by single-family residences. The following table and discussions explain the results of the Corporation’s two major reportable segments, Provident Bank and Provident Bank Mortgage.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following tables illustrate the Corporation’s operating segments for the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The information above was derived from the internal management reporting system used by management to measure performance of the segments.
The Corporation’s internal transfer pricing arrangements determined by management primarily consist of the following:
1.
Borrowings for PBM are indexed monthly to the higher of the three-month FHLB - San Francisco advance rate on the first Friday of the month plus 50 basis points or the Bank’s cost of funds for the prior month.
2.
PBM receives servicing released premiums for new loans transferred to the Bank’s loans held for investment. The servicing released premiums in the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $103,000, $1.2 million and $2.1 million, respectively.
3.
PBM receives a premium (gain on sale of loans) or a discount (loss on sale of loans) for the new loans transferred to the Bank’s loans held for investment. The gain (loss) on sale of loans in the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $27,000, $(17,000) and $(192,000), respectively.
4.
Loan servicing costs are charged to PBM by the Bank based on the number of loans held for sale at fair value and loans held for sale at lower of cost or market multiplied by a fixed fee which is subject to management’s review. The loan servicing costs in the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $51,000, $37,000 and $65,000, respectively.
5.
The Bank allocates quality assurance costs to PBM for its loan production, subject to management’s review. Quality assurance costs allocated to PBM in the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $118,000, $133,000 and $129,000, respectively.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
6.
The Bank allocates loan vault service costs to PBM for its loan production, subject to management’s review. The loan vault service costs allocated to PBM in the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $61,000, $61,000 and $72,000, respectively.
7.
Office rents for PBM offices located in the Bank branches or offices are internally charged based on the square footage used. Office rents allocated to PBM in the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $102,000, $127,000 and $151,000, respectively.
8.
A management fee, which is subject to regular review, is charged to PBM for services provided by the Bank. The management fee in the years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $1.1 million, $1.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively.
18.
Holding Company Condensed Financial Information:
This information should be read in conjunction with the other notes to the consolidated financial statements. The following is the condensed statements of financial condition for Provident Financial Holdings (Holding Company only) as of June 30, 2009 and 2008 and condensed statements of operations and cash flows for each of the three years for the period ended June 30, 2009.
Condensed Statements of Financial Condition
Condensed Statements of Operations
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
19.
Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited):
The following tables set forth the quarterly financial data for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009 and 2008.
Provident Financial Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
20.
Subsequent Event:
Cash dividend
On July 23, 2009, the Corporation announced a cash dividend of $0.01 per share on the Corporation’s outstanding shares of common stock for shareholders of record at the close of business on August 17, 2009, which was paid on September 11, 2009.
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Annual Report to Stockholders
Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Exhibit 31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Exhibit 31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Exhibit Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.