Item 1. Business
(a) General Development of Business:
Carpenter Technology Corporation, incorporated in 1904, is engaged in the manufacturing, fabrication and distribution of specialty metals. As used throughout this report, unless the context requires otherwise, the terms “Carpenter”, the “Company”, “Registrant”, “Issuer”, “we” and “our” refer to Carpenter Technology Corporation.
(b) Financial Information About Segments:
We are organized in two reportable business segments: Advanced Metals Operations and Premium Alloys Operations. See Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for additional segment reporting information.
(c) Narrative Description of Business:
(1) General:
We primarily process basic raw materials such as nickel, cobalt titanium, chromium, iron scrap and other metal alloying elements through various melting, hot forming and cold working facilities to produce finished products in the form of billet, bar, rod, wire, narrow strip, special shapes, and hollow forms in many sizes and finishes. We also produce certain metal powders and fabricated metal products.
Our Advanced Metals Operations (“AMO”) segment includes the manufacturing and distribution of high temperature and high strength metal alloys, stainless steels, and titanium in the form of small bars and rods, wire, narrow strip and powder. Products in this segment typically go through more finishing operations, such as rolling, turning, grinding, drawing, and atomization, than products in our PAO segment. Also, sales in the AMO segment are spread across many end-use markets, including the aerospace, industrial, consumer, automotive, and medical industries. AMO products are sold under the Carpenter, Dynamet, Talley, Carpenter Powder Products and Aceros Fortuna brand names.
Our Premium Alloys Operations (“PAO”) segment includes the manufacturing and distribution of high temperature and high strength metal alloys and stainless steels in the form of ingots, billets, large bars and hollows. Also, the PAO segment includes conversion processing of metal for other specialty metals companies. A significant portion of PAO sales are to customers in the aerospace and energy industries. Much of PAO sales are to forging companies that further shape, mill, and finish the metals into more specific dimensions. All such sales are made under the Carpenter brand name.
(2) Classes of Products:
Our major classes of products are:
Special alloys -
Special purpose alloys used in critical components such as bearings and fasteners. Heat resistant alloys that range from slight modifications of stainless steels to complex nickel and cobalt base alloys. Alloys for electronic, magnetic and electrical applications with controlled thermal expansion characteristics, or high electrical resistivity or special magnetic characteristics.
Stainless steels -
Our stainless products include a broad range of corrosion resistant alloys including conventional stainless steels and many proprietary grades for special applications.
Titanium products -
Our Titanium products include corrosion resistant, highly specialized metal with a combination of high strength and low density. Most common uses are in aircraft fasteners, medical devices, sporting equipment and chemical and petroleum processing.
(3) Raw Materials:
Our business depends on continued delivery of critical raw materials for its day-to-day operations. These raw materials include nickel, cobalt, chromium, titanium and scrap containing iron and nickel. Some of these raw materials sources, many of which are international, could be subject to potential interruptions of supply as a result of political events, labor unrest or other reasons. These potential interruptions could cause material shortages and affect availability and price.
We have long-term relationships with major suppliers who provide availability of material at competitive prices. Purchase prices of certain raw materials have historically been volatile, and have been especially volatile over the past few years. We use pricing surcharges, indexing mechanisms and base price adjustments to reduce the impact of increased costs for the most significant of these materials. There can be delays between the time of the increase in the price of raw materials and the realization of the benefits of such mechanisms or actions that could have a short-term impact on our results and impact the comparability of our results from quarter to quarter and year to year.
(4) Patents and Licenses:
We own a number of United States and international patents and have granted licenses under some of them. Certain of our products are covered by patents held or owned by other companies from whom licenses have been obtained. Although these patents and licenses are believed to be of value, we do not consider our business to be materially dependent upon any single patent or patent rights.
(5) Seasonality of Business:
Our sales are normally influenced by seasonal factors. Historically, our sales in the first two fiscal quarters (three months ending September 30 and December 31) are typically the lowest - principally because of annual plant vacation and maintenance shutdowns by us as well as by many of our customers. However, the timing of major changes in the general economy or the markets for certain products can alter this pattern, particularly when certain raw materials are in short supply.
The chart below summarizes the percent of net sales by quarter for the past three fiscal years:
(6) Customers:
On a consolidated basis, we are not dependent upon a single customer, or a very few customers, to the extent that the loss of any one or more would have a materially adverse effect on our consolidated statement of operations. There were no significant individual customer sales volumes during fiscal years 2008, 2007 or 2006.
(7) Backlog:
As of June 30, 2008 we had a backlog of orders, believed to be firm, of approximately $485 million, substantially all of which is expected to be shipped within fiscal year 2009. Our backlog as of June 30, 2007 was approximately $405 million. Our backlogs have become less indicative of future sales levels due to shifting product mixes and customer ordering patterns.
(8) Competition:
Our business is highly competitive. We supply materials to a wide variety of end-use market sectors and compete with various companies depending on end-use market, product or geography. We are leaders in specialty materials for critical applications with 119 years of metallurgical and manufacturing expertise. A significant portion of the products we produce are highly engineered materials for demanding applications. The experience and qualifications we have in our niche markets represent barriers to existing and potential competitors.
There are approximately ten domestic companies producing one or more similar specialty metal products that are considered to be major competitors to the specialty metals operations in one or more end-use markets. There are several dozen smaller producing companies and converting companies in the United States that are competitors. We also compete directly with several hundred independent distributors of products similar to those distributed by us. Additionally, numerous foreign companies produce various specialty metal products similar to those produced by us. Furthermore, a number of different products may, in certain instances, be substituted for our finished product.
Imports of foreign specialty steels, particularly stainless steels, have long been a concern to the domestic steel industry because of the potential for unfair pricing by foreign producers. Foreign governments through direct and indirect subsidies have often supported such pricing practices. These unfair trade practices have resulted in high import penetration into the U.S. stainless steel markets, with calendar year 2007 levels at approximately 54 percent for stainless bar, 48 percent for stainless rod and 58 percent for stainless wire.
Because of the unfair trade practices and the resulting injury, we have joined with other domestic producers of specialty metals in the filing of trade actions against foreign producers as well as lobbying various government agencies for the creation of laws and regulations to eliminate the competitive benefits realized by the unfair trade practices. These proposals are aimed at tax and regulatory reform needed to provide incentives to domestic producers and disincentives for foreign producers to import products into the United States. We will continue to monitor developments related to what we consider unfairly traded imports from foreign competitors and develop appropriate actions in response.
Under the provisions of the Continued Dumping and Subsidy Offset Act of 2000 (the “Act”), which was signed into law on October 28, 2000, we have received distributions from the United States Customs Service (“Customs”). Under the Act, Customs establishes special accounts for funds to be distributed annually to eligible domestic producers. The special accounts are sourced with duties collected by Customs on pre-existing anti-dumping or countervailing duty orders. We have received distributions under the Act totaling $8.4 million, $6.4 million and $4.7 million in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The Act expired in October 2007. We currently believe that we may receive a remnant distribution during fiscal year 2009 and benefits will cease thereafter.
(9) Research, Product and Process Development:
Our expenditures for company-sponsored research and development were $14.4 million, $11.5 million and $10.2 million in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. We believe that our ability to be an innovator in special material development and manufacturing processes is an important factor in the success of the Company. Our strong commitment to setting new industry standards is evidenced by our Specialty Alloys Research and Development Center, where teams work in areas such as physical metallurgy, analytical chemistry, materials characterization and process and systems development. We have highly skilled engineering teams specializing in specific products at each of our operations. We anticipate continued increases in our devotion of resources for these efforts in fiscal 2009.
(10) Environmental Regulations:
We are subject to various stringent federal, state, local and international environmental laws and regulations relating to pollution, protection of public health and the environment, natural resource damages and occupational safety and health. Management evaluates the liability for future environmental remediation costs on a quarterly basis. We accrue amounts for environmental remediation costs representing management’s best estimate of the probable and reasonably estimable costs relating to environmental remediation. For further information on environmental remediation, see the Contingencies section included in Item 7. - “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. - “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Our costs of maintaining and operating environmental control equipment were $12.6 million, $12.0 million and $11.3 million for fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The capital expenditures for environmental control equipment were $0.2 million for each of the fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. We anticipate spending approximately $1.9 million on major domestic environmental capital projects over the next five fiscal years. This includes approximately $0.5 million in fiscal 2009 and $0.5 million in fiscal 2010. Due to the possibility of future regulatory developments, the amount of future capital expenditures may vary from these estimates.
(11) Employees:
As of June 30, 2008, our total workforce consisted of approximately 3,400 employees, which included approximately 110 production employees in Washington, Pennsylvania who are covered under a collective bargaining agreement which expires on August 31, 2013.
(d) Financial information about foreign and domestic operations and export sales:
Sales outside of the United States, including export sales, were $655.5 million, $535.5 million and $462.2 million in fiscal year 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
For further information on domestic and international sales, see Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”.
(e) Available Information:
The Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Ethics for the Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Officers of Carpenter Technology Corporation. There were no waivers of the Code of Ethics in fiscal year 2008. The Code of Ethics and any information regarding any waivers of the Code of Ethics are disclosed on Carpenter’s website at www.cartech.com. Our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish such material to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Our website and the content contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The public may read and copy any materials the Company files with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and other information regarding issuers that file electronically. Such information can be accessed through the Internet at www.sec.gov.
Item 1A.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
There are inherent risks and uncertainties associated with all businesses that could adversely affect operating performances or financial conditions. The following discussion outlines the risks and uncertainties that management believes are the most material to our business. However, these are not the only risks or uncertainties that could affect our business. Certain risks are associated specifically with our business, industry or customer base, while others are broader.
The demand for certain products we produce may be cyclical.
Demand in our end-use markets, including companies in the aerospace, industrial supply, consumer, automotive, medical and energy markets, can be cyclical in nature and sensitive to general economic conditions, competitive influences and fluctuations in inventory levels throughout the supply chain. As a result, our results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and availability of credit could fluctuate significantly from period to period.
A significant portion of our sales represents products sold to customers in the commercial aerospace market.
The commercial aerospace market is historically cyclical due to both external and internal market factors. These factors include general economic conditions, airline profitability, consumer demand for air travel, varying fuel and labor costs, price competition, and international and domestic political conditions such as military conflict and the threat of terrorism. The length and degree of cyclical fluctuation can be influenced by any one or combination of these factors and therefore are difficult to predict with certainty. A downturn in the commercial aerospace industry would adversely affect the demand for our products and/or the prices at which we are able to sell our products, and our results of operations, business and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
The steel industry continues to operate in an environment of excess supply.
Continued domestic and international over-capacity could lead to an overall reduction in prices of certain non-specialty products. Continued availability of lower cost, substitute materials may also cause significant fluctuation in future results as our customers opt for a lower cost alternative. In addition, developing economies such as China and India have led to a rapid increase in demand for certain products resulting in price and supply variations and causing companies to implement plans to meet that increased demand. If the demand from these economically developing countries subsides, additional excess worldwide capacity could significantly impact future worldwide pricing or export practices of certain products.
Periodically, factors such as competition and excess manufacturing capacity have resulted in reduced selling prices for certain products.
These selling price reductions have had and may have a significant negative impact on our revenues, profit margins and overall financial condition.
Certain critical raw material costs, such as nickel, cobalt, chromium, titanium, and scrap containing iron and nickel have been volatile. While we are able to mitigate most of the adverse impact of rising raw material costs through raw material surcharges or indices to customers, changes in business conditions could adversely affect our ability to recover rapid increases in raw material costs and may adversely affect our results of operations.
We change prices on certain of our products from time-to-time. The timing of pricing actions can be dependent on market conditions, various economic factors, raw material costs and availability, competitive factors, operating costs and other factors, which may be beyond our control. The effects of any pricing actions may be delayed due to long manufacturing lead times or the terms of existing contracts. There is no guarantee that pricing actions implemented will be able to offset rising material costs or maintain the Company’s profit margin levels.
We rely on third parties to supply certain raw materials that are critical to the manufacture of our products.
These raw materials include nickel, cobalt, chromium, titanium and scrap containing iron and nickel. Purchase prices and availability of these critical raw materials are subject to volatility due to factors that are not in our control. In some cases, these materials are purchased from suppliers operating in countries that may be subject to unstable political and economic conditions. At any given time, we may be unable to obtain an adequate supply of these critical raw materials on a timely basis, at prices and other terms acceptable to us, or at all.
If suppliers increase the price of critical raw materials or are unwilling or unable to meet our demand, we may not have alternative sources of supply. In addition, to the extent that we have quoted prices to customers and accepted customer orders for products prior to purchasing necessary raw materials, or have existing contracts, we may be unable to raise the price of products to cover all or part of the increased cost of the raw materials to our customers.
The manufacture of some of our products is a complex process and requires long lead times. As a result, we may experience delays or shortages in the supply of raw materials. If unable to obtain adequate and timely deliveries of required raw materials, we may be unable to timely manufacture sufficient quantities of products. This could cause us to lose sales, incur additional costs, delay new product introductions or suffer harm to our reputation.
We are undertaking several operations expansion capital projects, which will continue through fiscal year 2009.
Any delay or inability to successfully expand our operations in a timely and cost effective manner could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. This growth places a significant demand on management and operational resources. Our success will depend upon numerous factors, including the ability of management to ensure the necessary resources are in place to properly execute this project and the ability of key suppliers to deliver the necessary equipment according to schedule.
We provide benefits to active and retired employees throughout most of our Company.
Most of these costs are paid by the Company and are not covered by insurance. In addition, certain of our employees are covered by defined benefit pension plans, with the majority of our plans covering employees in the United States. As of June 30, 2008, the defined benefit pension plan was funded in accordance with the requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) and the Internal Revenue Code. We do not expect to be required to make contributions to the defined benefit pension plans for at least the next several years, based upon current actuarial projections. A decline in the value of plan investments in the future, an increase in costs or liabilities or unfavorable changes in laws or regulations that govern pension plan funding could materially change the timing and amount of required pension funding. A requirement to fund any deficit created in the future could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Many domestic and international competitors do not provide defined benefit retiree health care, and other international competitors operate in jurisdictions with government sponsored health care plans that may offer them a cost advantage.
We are subject to various federal, state, local and international environmental laws and regulations relating to pollution, protection of public health and the environment, natural resource damages and occupational safety and health.
We could incur substantial cleanup costs, fines and civil or criminal sanctions, third party property damage or personal injury claims as a result of violations or liabilities under these laws or non-compliance with environmental permits required at our facilities.
We have environmental remediation liabilities at some of our owned operating facilities and have been designated as a potentially responsible party (“PRP”) with respect to certain third-party Superfund or similar waste disposal sites and other third party owned sites. Additionally, we have been notified that we may be a PRP with respect to other Superfund sites as to which no proceedings have been instituted against us. From time-to-time, we are a party to lawsuits and other proceedings involving alleged violations of, or liabilities arising from, environmental laws.
When our liability is probable and we can reasonably estimate our costs, we record environmental liabilities in our financial statements. In many cases, we are not able to determine whether we are liable, or if liability is probable, to reasonably estimate the loss or range of loss. Estimates of our liability remain subject to additional uncertainties, including the nature and extent of site contamination, available remediation alternatives, the extent of corrective actions that may be required, and the number and financial condition of other PRPs, as well as the extent of their responsibility for the remediation. We adjust our accruals to reflect new information as appropriate. Future adjustments could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in a given period, but we cannot reliably predict the amounts of such future adjustments. Future developments, administrative actions or liabilities relating to environmental matters could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
We are defending various claims and legal actions that have been asserted against us.
These claims relate to the conduct of our currently and formerly owned businesses, including those pertaining to product liability, commercial disputes, employment actions, employee benefits, compliance with domestic and federal laws, personal injury and tax issues. Due to the uncertainties of litigation, we can give no assurance that we will prevail on claims made against us in the lawsuits that we currently face or that additional claims will not be made against us in the future. The outcome of litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, and some of these lawsuits, claims or proceedings may be determined adversely to us. The resolution in any reporting period of one or more of these matters could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations for that period. We can give no assurance that any other matters brought in the future will not have a material effect on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations.
A small number of our workforce is covered by a collective bargaining agreement and we may be subject to attempts to organize our other employees by a union which may cause work interruptions or stoppages.
Approximately 110 production employees at our Dynamet business unit located in Washington, PA are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. The agreement expires in August 2013. There can be no assurance that we will succeed in concluding collective bargaining agreements with the unions to replace those that expire. From time to time, the employees at our primary manufacturing facility in Reading, Pennsylvania, participate in election campaigns or union organizing attempts as to whether they should be represented by a union for collective bargaining. There is no guarantee that future organization attempts will not result in union representation.
Our manufacturing processes are complex and depend upon critical, high cost equipment for which there may be only limited or no production alternatives.
It is possible that we could experience prolonged periods of reduced production due to unplanned equipment failures, and we could incur significant repair or replacement costs in the event of those failures. It is also possible that operations could be disrupted due to other unforeseen circumstances such as power outages, explosions, fires, floods, accidents and severe weather conditions. We must make regular, substantial capital investments and changes to our manufacturing processes to lower production costs, improve productivity, manufacture new or improved products and remain competitive. We may not be in a position to take advantage of business opportunities or respond to competitive pressures if we fail to update, replace or make additions to our equipment or our manufacturing processes in a timely manner. The cost to repair or replace much of our equipment or facilities would be significant. We cannot be certain that we will have sufficient internally generated cash or acceptable external financing to make necessary capital expenditures in the future.
A significant portion of our manufacturing and production facilities are located in Reading, Pennsylvania.
It is possible that we could experience prolonged periods of reduced production due to unforeseen catastrophic events occurring in or around our manufacturing facilities in Reading, Pennsylvania. As a result, we may be unable to shift manufacturing capabilities to alternate locations, accept materials from suppliers, meet customer shipment needs or address other severe consequences that may be encountered. Our financial condition and results of our operations could be materially adversely affected.
We rely on third parties to supply energy consumed at each of our energy-intensive production facilities.
The prices for and availability of electricity, natural gas, oil and other energy resources are subject to volatile market conditions. These market conditions often are affected by political and economic factors beyond our control. Disruptions or lack of availability in the supply of energy resources could temporarily impair the ability to operate our production facilities. Further, increases in energy costs, or changes in costs relative to energy costs paid by competitors, has affected and may continue to adversely affect our profitability. To the extent that these uncertainties cause suppliers and customers to be more cost sensitive, increased energy prices may have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
We consider acquisition, joint ventures and other business combination opportunities, as well as possible business unit dispositions, as part of our overall business strategy.
From time-to-time, management holds discussions with management of other companies to explore such opportunities. As a result, the relative makeup of the businesses comprising our Company is subject to change. Acquisitions, joint ventures and other business combinations involve various inherent risks, such as difficulties in integrating the operations, technologies, products and personnel of the acquired companies, diversion of management’s attention from existing operations, difficulties in entering markets in which we have limited or no direct prior experience, dependence on unfamiliar supply chains, insufficient revenues to offset increased expenses associated with acquisitions, loss of key employees of the acquired companies, inaccurate assessment of undisclosed liabilities, difficulties in realizing projected efficiencies, synergies and cost savings, and increases in our debt or limitation on our ability to access additional capital when needed.
Our business may be impacted by external factors that we may not be able to control.
War, civil conflict, terrorism, natural disasters and public health issues including domestic or international pandemic have caused and could cause damage or disruption to domestic or international commerce by creating economic or political uncertainties. These events could result in a decrease in demand for our products, make it difficult or impossible to deliver orders to customers or receive materials from suppliers, effect the availability or pricing of energy sources or result in other severe consequences that may or may not be predictable. As a result, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
We believe that international sales will continue to account for a significant percentage of our future revenues.
Risks associated with international sales include without limitation: political and economic instability, including weak conditions in the world’s economies; accounts receivable collection; export controls; changes in legal and regulatory requirements; policy changes affecting the markets for our products; changes in tax laws and tariffs; and exchange rate fluctuations (which may affect sales to international customers and the value of profits earned on international sales when converted into dollars). Any of these factors could materially adversely affect our results for the period in which they occur.
Various federal, state, local and international worker safety laws and regulations are applicable to our operations.
We have used, and currently use and manufacture, substantial quantities of substances that are considered hazardous, extremely hazardous or toxic under worker safety and health laws and regulations. Although we implement controls and procedures designed to reduce continuing risk of health and safety issues, we could incur substantial costs, fines and civil or criminal sanctions or personal injury claims as a result of violations or liabilities under these laws.
We depend on the retention of key personnel.
Much of our future success depends on the continued service and availability of skilled personnel, including members of our executive management team, management, metallurgists and production positions. The loss of key personnel could adversely affect our ability to perform until suitable replacements are found.
We depend on our IT infrastructure to support the current and future information requirements of our operations.
Management relies on IT infrastructure, including hardware, network, software, people and processes, to provide useful information to support assessments and conclusions about operating performance. Our inability to produce relevant and/or reliable measures of operating performance in an efficient, cost-effective and well-controlled fashion may have significant negative impacts on our future operations.
Item 1B.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.
Item 2.
Item 2. Properties
The primary locations of our manufacturing plants are: Reading, Pennsylvania; Hartsville, South Carolina; Washington, Pennsylvania; Orangeburg, South Carolina; Bridgeville, Pennsylvania; Orwigsburg, Pennsylvania; Clearwater, Florida; Elyria, Ohio; Woonsocket, Rhode Island; Torshalla, Sweden; and Crawley, England. The Reading, Hartsville, Washington, Orangeburg, Bridgeville, Orwigsburg, Elyria, Woonsocket, Torshalla and Crawley plants are owned. The Clearwater plant is owned, but the land is leased. The Torshalla facilities are leased.
Our corporate offices, located in Wyomissing, Pennsylvania, are leased.
We also operate regional customer service and distribution centers, most of which are leased, at various locations in several states and foreign countries.
Our plants, customer service centers, and distribution centers were acquired or leased at various times over several years. There is an active maintenance program to ensure a safe operating environment and to keep facilities in good condition. In addition, we have had an active capital spending program to replace equipment as needed to keep it technologically competitive on a world-wide basis. We believe our facilities are in good condition and suitable for our business needs. As a specialty materials and alloys producer with considerable diversity in the types of product we manufacture, any measurement of the practical capacities at our facilities is affected by product mix and is therefore not meaningful in total.
Item 3.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Pending legal proceedings involve ordinary routine litigation incidental to our business. We are not aware of any material proceedings to which any of our directors, officers, or affiliates, or any owners of more than five percent of any class of our voting securities, or any associate of any of our directors, officers, affiliates, or security holders, is a party adverse to us or has a material interest adverse to our interests or those of our subsidiaries. There is no administrative or judicial proceeding arising under any Federal, State or local provisions regulating the discharge of materials into the environment or primarily for the purpose of protecting the environment that (1) is material to our business or financial condition, (2) involves a claim for damages, potential monetary sanctions or capital expenditures exceeding ten percent of our current assets, or (3) includes a governmental authority as a party and involves potential monetary sanctions in excess of $100,000.
Item 4.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
No matters were submitted to a vote of our stockholders during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008.
PART II
Item 5.
Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and traded under the symbol “CRS”. On October 16, 2007, the Company announced that its Board of Directors approved a two-for-one split of the Company’s common stock to be effected in the form of a stock dividend. The stock split was distributed on November 15, 2007 to stockholders of record at the close of business on November 6, 2007. All share and per share information has been retroactively adjusted and restated to reflect the impact of the split. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low closing prices for our common stock as reported by the NYSE.
The range of our common stock price on the NYSE from July 1, 2008 to August 14, 2008 was $36.01 to $42.65. The closing price of the common stock was $39.45 on August 14, 2008.
We have paid quarterly cash dividends on our common stock for over 100 consecutive years. We paid a quarterly dividend of $0.15 per common share during the first, second and third quarters and $0.18 per common share during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2008.
We paid a quarterly dividend of $0.1125 per common share during the first, second and third quarters and $0.15 per common share during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2007.
As of August 14, 2008, there were 3,231 common stockholders of record.
Cumulative Total Stockholder Return
The graph below compares the cumulative total stockholder return on Carpenter’s common stock to the cumulative total return of the S&P MidCap Index, our New Peer Group and our Old Peer Group for each of the last five fiscal years ended June 30, 2008. The cumulative total return assumes an investment of $100 on June 30, 2003 and the reinvestment of any dividends during the period. In June 2007, Carpenter’s common stock was added to the S&P MidCap 400 Index. The S&P MidCap 400 Index is the most widely used index for mid-sized companies. The companies included in our Old Peer Group Index are: Allegheny Technologies, Inc., Titanium Metals Corporation, RTI International Metals, Inc., Haynes International, Inc., AK Steel Holding Corp., Steel Dynamics, Inc. and Universal Stainless & Alloy Products, Inc. The Companies in our New Peer Group are: Allegheny Technologies, Inc., Titanium Metals Corporation, RTI International Metals, Inc., Haynes International, Inc., AK Steel Holding Corp., Steel Dynamics, Inc. and Universal Stainless & Alloy Products, Inc., Precision Castparts Corp., Reliance Steel & Aluminum Co., Kennametal Inc., Parker-Hannifin Corporation, The Timken Company, Ladish Co., Daido Steel Co., Ltd., Schmolz+Bickenbach AG, Gloria Material Technology Corp., Voestalpine AG and Sandvik AB. We believe that the companies included in our New Peer Group, taken as a whole, provide a more meaningful comparison in terms of product offerings, markets served, competition and other relevant factors. The total stockholder return for the peer groups is weighted according to the respective issuer’s stock market capitalization at the beginning of each period.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
In December 2007, our Board of Directors authorized an additional $250 million share repurchase program following the completion of the purchase of the previously authorized $250 million share repurchase program. As of June 30, 2008, approximately $46 million of the $250 million remained available for future purchases. According to the terms of the additional share repurchase program, purchases will be funded with available cash and made from time to time in either the open market or through private transactions.
The following table contains information about purchases by us of our common stock during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2008:
(1)
The average price paid per share and the total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs reflects only the per share prices and the number of shares purchased on the open market under the terms of the share repurchase programs.
(2)
The shares purchased in June 2008 included 17,551 shares which were purchased pursuant to the exercise by 1993 Plan and Directors’ Plan participants of their right to elect stock-for-tax withholding in connection with the vesting of restricted shares under the plans.
Item 6.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
Five-Year Financial Summary
Dollar amounts in millions, except per share data
(Years ended June 30,)
During fiscal 2008, we completed the sale of our ceramics and metals shapes businesses. The results of operations of the divested business units prior to the divestitures are presented as discontinued operations. See “Divestitures and Acquisition” footnote in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 -“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this report.
(a) Fiscal 2008 included $109.6 million pre-tax gain on the sale of our Ceramics and Rathbone Precision Metals operations. The results of operations of the divested business units prior to the divestitures are presented as discontinued operations. See “Divestitures and Acquisition” footnote in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this report.
(b) Fiscal 2005 included an $8.7 million pre-tax gain, which is included in income from continuing operations, on the sale of Carpenter Special Products Corporation in June 2005, which was sold for a total sales price of $19.5 million.
(c) Fiscal 2004 included a $2.3 million pre-tax loss on early retirement of debt related to a $20 million open market purchase of certain medium term notes previously issued by the company and the termination of interest rate swaps associated with the partial repayment of foreign currency loans.
See Item 7.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Overview of Business Strategy and Certain Trends
This overview is intended to provide a context for the following discussions, which should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, included in this annual report on Form 10-K. Unless specifically stated otherwise, all discussions of operating results reflect continuing operations.
General Business Approach
Carpenter is engaged in the manufacturing, fabrication, and distribution of specialty metals. We primarily process basic raw materials such as nickel, cobalt, titanium, chromium, iron scrap and other metal alloying elements through various melting, hot forming and cold working facilities to produce finished products in the form of billet, bar, rod, wire, narrow strip, special shapes and hollow forms in many sizes and finishes. We also produce certain metal powders. Our sales are distributed directly from our production plants and distribution network as well as through independent distributors.
Unlike many other specialty steel producers, we operate our own worldwide network of service/distribution centers. These service centers, located in the United States, Canada, Mexico and Europe, allow us to work more closely with customers and to offer various just-in-time stocking programs. As a result, we often serve as a technical partner in customizing specialty metals or in developing new ones.
In an effort to increase revenue and profits, we have increased our presence in fast-growing international markets. In recent years, we have expanded our sales and marketing efforts in Europe, Asia, and North America. Our European headquarters are based in Brussels, with our Asian sales directed from Singapore. Outside the United States, company-owned distribution facilities are located in Mexico, the United Kingdom and Belgium. In addition to the United States, where the majority of our manufacturing exists, we have manufacturing facilities in the United Kingdom and Sweden. In fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, 33.6 percent ($655.5 million), 29.1 percent ($535.5 million) and 31.5 percent ($462.2 million), respectively, of our sales were to customers outside of the United States.
During fiscal year 2008, as part of our overall business strategy to further strengthen and grow our nickel-based alloy and titanium businesses, we divested of certain non-core businesses which we deemed were not a priority for long-term growth and added complexity to our operations. We have also sought out and considered opportunities related to strategic divestitures, acquisitions, and joint venture propositions. Management has participated in discussions with other companies to explore potential terms and structure of such opportunities. In addition, management considers opportunities to restructure the organization, its physical locations and geographic presence to optimize efficiencies and align with strategic objectives for the organization. We expect that we will continue to evaluate these opportunities.
In July 2007, we announced certain changes to our organization which management believes will allow us to better focus on the customer, end-use markets and to reach our operational excellence goals. The announcement included the key appointments of a Senior Vice President - Advanced Metals Operations and a Senior Vice President - Premium Alloys Operations. As a result of these changes, the Company has made changes to the way we report segment information.
Business Trends and Strategic Priorities
Net sales, earnings, free cash flow and pounds sold for the past three fiscal years are summarized below:
* includes specialty and titanium alloys, stainless steel and powder materials
Our results of operations have improved significantly over the past three fiscal years largely as a result of favorable market conditions and our focus on the aerospace and energy markets. The key components of our strategic priorities are as follows:
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Seeking growth opportunities with a market and customer focus;
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Growth in core markets and capitalizing on development of new markets;
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Expansion of sales in markets outside of the U.S., particularly in China, Middle East, India, Eastern Europe and Latin America;
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Achieve operational excellence goals;
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Maintain technology leadership through product development and process improvement; and
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Deliver return to shareholders;
Our sales are across a diversified list of end-use markets. The table below summarizes our estimated sales by market over the past three fiscal years.
The table below shows our net sales by major product class for the past three fiscal years:
Impact of Raw Material Surcharges and Product Mix
Increases in the cost of raw materials have impacted our operations over the past few years. We, and others in our industry, generally have been able to pass these cost increases on certain materials through to our customers using surcharges which are structured to recover increases in raw material costs. In the last several years, as raw material prices have escalated, surcharges have become an increasingly significant component of our net sales, which had a dilutive effect on our gross margin and operating margin percentages as described later in this discussion. Generally, the formula used to calculate the surcharge is based on published prices for the previous month for the respective raw materials, which creates a lag between the raw materials published price change and our corresponding surcharges on sales. Except for the usually modest effect of the lag, the surcharge mechanism protects our net income on such sales. We value most of our inventory utilizing the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) inventory costing methodology. Under the LIFO inventory costing method, changes in the cost of raw materials and production activities are recognized in cost of sales in the current period even though these materials may have been acquired at potentially significantly different values due to the length of time from the time the raw materials are acquired to the time the processed finished goods are sold to the customer. In a period of rising raw material costs, the LIFO inventory valuation normally results in higher costs of sales. Conversely in period of decreasing raw material costs, the LIFO inventory valuation normally results in lower costs of sales.
We produce hundreds of grades of materials, with a wide range of pricing and profit levels depending on the grade. In addition, our product mix within a period is subject to the fluctuating order patterns of our customers as well as decisions we may make to participate in certain lower margin business in order to utilize available capacity. While we expect to see positive contribution from a more favorable product mix in our margin performance over time, the impact by period may fluctuate, and period-to-period comparisons may vary.
Results of Operations - Fiscal Year 2008 Compared to Fiscal Year 2007
For fiscal year 2008, we reported income from continuing operations of $200.5 million, or $4.12 per diluted share, compared with income from continuing operations of $215.2 million, or $4.09 per diluted share, a year earlier. We finished the year with good growth momentum due to strong demand in the global energy and aerospace markets and improving demand in our industrial and consumer businesses. Our international sales have shown continued growth and now represent approximately 34% of our total net sales.
Net Sales
Net sales for fiscal year were $1,953.5 million, which was a 6 percent increase over fiscal year 2007. Excluding surcharge revenues, sales were 4 percent higher than a year earlier.
Geographically, sales outside the United States increased 22 percent from a year ago to $655.5 million. International sales represented 34 percent of our total net sales for fiscal year 2008 compared to 29 percent of total sales for fiscal year 2007. Sales to Europe and Asia-Pacific were particularly strong, increasing 27 percent and 30 percent, respectively, over last year, driven largely by the aerospace and energy end-use markets.
Sales by End-Use Markets
Our sales are to customers across diversified end-use markets. The following table includes comparative information for our estimated net sales by principal end-use markets:
The following table includes comparative information for our estimated net sales by the same principal end-use markets, but excluding surcharge revenues:
Sales to the aerospace market increased 9 percent from the same period a year ago to $753.3 million. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales to the aerospace market increased by 2 percent from the prior year. The modest growth reflects increases in sales of special alloys used in jet engines and fasteners as well as titanium coil used in fasteners. These increases were offset by planned inventory adjustments at certain key customers in the first quarter of fiscal year 2008 as well as a decline in shipments to a customer who is now procuring some of its aerospace needs internally from its recently acquired subsidiary. Sales to the aerospace end-use market showed growth in the second half of fiscal year 2008, consistent with the build schedule for large aircraft. There was relatively no impact on demand levels as a result of publicized delays of the Boeing 787 and Airbus A380 or reductions in the U.S. domestic fleets.
Industrial market sales decreased 1 percent during fiscal year 2008 to $419.5 million. Adjusted for surcharge revenue, sales decreased 3 percent. This decrease reflected lower demand for materials used in the manufacture of valves, fitting and semiconductor sectors, which was partially offset by improved sales of weld wire and basic stainless grades supporting U.S. infrastructure projects. The sales volumes were also impacted by reduced shipments of lower value materials sold through distributors.
Sales to the energy market of $241.2 million in fiscal year 2008 reflected a 41 percent increase as compared with last year. Adjusted for surcharge revenue, sales increased 52 percent from a year ago. Within the energy market, sales to the power generation sector continued to reflect significant increases in demand for our materials used in industrial gas turbines, particularly in Europe and the Middle East. In addition, our broad product portfolio of high-strength corrosion-resistant materials continues to gain strong acceptance among our customers. The oil and gas sector remains strong, as the number of directional drilling rigs increases throughout the world.
Automotive and truck market sales decreased 6 percent from a year ago to $221.0 million. Excluding surcharge revenues, net sales decreased similarly by 6 percent. Lower automotive production levels and continued economic problems experienced by domestic automakers have contributed to the overall decrease. This decrease has been partially offset by opportunities we are experiencing from increasing usage of our material in high performing engines and drivetrains.
Sales to the consumer market decreased 7 percent to $184.9 million during fiscal 2008 as compared with a year ago. Adjusted for surcharge revenue, sales decreased 3 percent. The overall decrease reflected the impacts of the weakening of the domestic economy as well as reductions in demand for materials used by the housing sector. Partially offsetting these decreases were increases in shipments to the sporting goods and electronics sectors.
Sales to the medical market of $133.6 million were 7 percent above a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenues, sales were essentially flat. Notwithstanding the minimal change in fiscal year 2008, medical market sales were negatively impacted in fiscal year 2008 by an unfavorable shift in product mix and lower selling prices for titanium products as well as supply chain adjustments experienced in the first half of our fiscal year. During the second half of fiscal year 2008, purchasing levels in that market appeared to be returning to more normal historical patterns.
Sales by Product Class
The following table includes comparative information for our net sales by major product class:
The following table includes comparative information for our net sales by the same major product class, but excluding surcharge revenues:
Sales of special alloys products increased 13 percent in fiscal year 2008 as compared with a year ago to $1,019.8 million. Excluding surcharge revenues, sales increased similarly by 13 percent. The increase principally reflected the growth that we have experienced in our energy end-use market, particularly in Europe, Asia and the Middle East. Our portfolio of special alloy products has fueled strong growth with our customers who require highly engineered specialized materials for demanding applications.
Sales of stainless steels remained essentially flat as compared with a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenues, sales decreased by 4 percent. The decrease resulted from reduced shipments of materials sold through distributors.
Sales of titanium products decreased 4 percent as compared with a year ago. The decrease is primarily a result of reduced shipments of titanium coil used to make fasteners for the aerospace industry that we experienced in the first half of fiscal year 2008. In addition, titanium sales during fiscal year 2008 were negatively impacted by reductions in overall market prices of titanium. These reductions appeared to stabilize in the first half of fiscal year 2008, and we began to see an increase in shipments during the second half of fiscal year 2008.
Gross Profit
Gross profit in fiscal year 2008 grew to $457.2 million, or 23.4 percent of net sales, from $427.5 million, or 23.2 percent of net sales, a year ago. The results reflected the increased sales levels, the impacts of changes in inventory levels and year-to-year raw material costs, and the dilutive effect of surcharge revenue.
As indicated above, our surcharge mechanism has impacted our gross margin over the last several years. Our surcharge mechanism is structured to recover increases in raw material costs, although generally with a one month lag effect. While the surcharge mechanism attempts to protect absolute gross profit dollars, it does have a dilutive effect on gross margins. The following represents a summary of the dilutive impact of the surcharges on gross margin for fiscal year 2008 and 2007:
We estimate that the lag effect of the surcharge mechanism, which results from calculating the surcharge amount for each month using the previous month’s raw material prices, positively impacted gross margin by 40 basis points during fiscal year 2008 and negatively impacted gross margin by 170 basis points during fiscal year 2007.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses in fiscal year 2008 were $163.6 million, or 8.4 percent of net sales, compared to $123.1 million, or 6.7 percent of net sales, in fiscal year 2007. The increase is primarily attributable to investments in systems and resources needed to drive our future growth initiatives as well as the $21.0 million charge recorded in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2008 related to the Boarhead Farms matter discussed later below. Fiscal year 2007 included $4.4 million related to executive transition costs and $1.6 million associated with the review of a possible acquisition.
Interest Expense
Fiscal year 2008 interest expense of $20.5 million decreased 10 percent from $22.7 million in fiscal 2007. Interest on substantially all of our debt was at a fixed rate. The decrease in interest expense is attributable to the reductions in outstanding debt related to current year repayments, as well as a $1.8 million increase in the amount of interest capitalized associated with ongoing construction projects during fiscal year 2008 as compared with fiscal year 2007.
Other Income, Net
Other income for fiscal year 2008 was $24.2 million as compared with $30.3 million a year ago. The decrease principally reflected lower invested cash balances.
Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate (income tax expense as a percent of income before taxes) for fiscal year 2008 was 32.6 percent as compared to 31.0 percent last year. The fiscal year 2008 tax rate was more favorable than the statutory rate of 35 percent, primarily due to the following items. We recorded a reduction in income tax expense of $2.3 million, or 0.8 percent of pretax income, reflecting the reversal of valuation allowances that had been recorded against state net operating loss carryforwards in prior years. Under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, valuation allowances should be reviewed each year and an assessment must be made as to the likelihood of recovery of those deferred taxes. Based on current year and forecasted taxable income in certain jurisdictions, we determined that it was appropriate to reverse a portion of this valuation allowance in fiscal year 2008. We recognized a benefit of $5.7 million, or 1.9 percent of pretax income, in connection with the domestic manufacturing deduction, which was part of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 allowing a special deduction for qualified manufacturing activities. The Act also provided for a two-year phase-out of the existing extraterritorial income exclusion deduction. As a result, we recognized an increase in income tax expense year over year, reflecting the phase-out of the deduction in 2007, and the repeal in 2008.
The fiscal year 2007 tax rate was more favorable than the statutory rate of 35 percent, primarily due to the following items. We recorded a reduction in income tax expense of $3.5 million, or 1.1 percent of pretax income, reflecting the reversal of valuation allowances that had been recorded against state net operating loss carryforwards in prior years. Based on current year and forecasted taxable income in certain jurisdictions, we determined that it was appropriate to reverse a portion of this valuation allowance in fiscal year 2007. We recognized a benefit of $4.2 million, or 1.3 percent, due to a favorable state tax settlement. We recognized a benefit of $2.7 million, or 0.8 percent of pretax income, in connection with the domestic manufacturing deduction of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004.
See Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for a full reconciliation of the statutory federal tax rate to the effective tax rates.
Discontinued Operations
Income from discontinued operations for fiscal year 2008 was $77.2 million as compared with $12.0 million a year ago. We completed the sale of our ceramics and metal shapes business units on March 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008, respectively. As a result of these divestitures, which are more fully described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8,-“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” we recorded a pre-tax gain of $109.6 million on the sale of the businesses during fiscal year 2008.
Business Segment Results
Summary information about our operating results on a segment basis is set forth below. For more detailed segment information, see Note 19 to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8.-“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Advanced Metals Operations (“AMO”) Segment
Net sales in fiscal year 2008 for the AMO segment were $1,390.7 million, as compared with $1,365.2 million in fiscal year 2007. Excluding surcharge revenues, sales were essentially flat from a year ago. The fiscal year 2008 net sales reflected a reduction in pounds shipped of 7 percent as compared to fiscal year 2007. The decrease in volume is the result of the slowdown in the automotive, consumer and industrial markets as well as the reductions in sales of materials used in the manufacture of fasteners by the aerospace end-use market. The decrease in volume was partially offset by price increases and improvements to the overall product mix, as the largest volume decreases related to lower value materials.
Operating income for the AMO segment in fiscal year 2008 was $188.7 million, or 13.6 percent of net sales (19.0 percent of net sales excluding surcharge revenues), compared to $202.9 million, or 14.9 percent of net sales (20.6 percent of net sales excluding surcharge revenues), a year ago. The decrease in operating income principally reflected the investments in future growth initiatives.
Premium Alloys Operations (“PAO”) Segment
Net sales for fiscal year 2008 for the PAO segment increased 21 percent to $575.7 million as compared with $475.7 million a year ago. Excluding surcharge revenues, net sales increased 18 percent. The growth was driven by growth with key customers and strong international demand in the energy market.
Operating income for the PAO segment for fiscal year 2008 was $144.7 million, or 25.1 percent of net sales (37.0 percent of net sales excluding surcharge revenues), as compared with $120.1 million, or 25.2 percent of net sales (36.2 percent of net sales excluding surcharge revenues) for fiscal year 2007. The increase reflected the strong growth in the energy market.
Results of Operations - Fiscal Year 2007 Compared to Fiscal Year 2006
Our income from continuing operations for fiscal year 2007 was $215.2 million, or $4.09 per diluted share, versus income from continuing operations of $200.3 million, or $3.82 per diluted share, for fiscal year 2006.
For fiscal year 2007, sales growth, excluding surcharge revenues, was driven primarily by the Company’s increased focus on the energy market and strong demand from the industrial market. Record fiscal year net income was achieved primarily as a result of the Company’s growth in sales and continued focus on operational excellence.
Net Sales
Net sales for fiscal year 2007 were $1,839.0 million, which was an increase of 26 percent from $1,465.2 million in fiscal year 2006. The $373.8 million increase in net sales was due to increases in surcharge revenues and volume as well as improved product mix. Excluding surcharges, fiscal year 2007 sales increased by 4 percent compared to fiscal year 2006.
International sales in fiscal year 2007 increased 16 percent from fiscal year 2006 to $535.5 million primarily as a result of higher surcharges and increased shipments to the energy market. Sales outside of the U.S. accounted for 29.1 percent of total sales in fiscal year 2007 compared to 31.5 percent in fiscal year 2006.
Sales by End-Use Markets
The following table includes comparative information for our estimated sales by principal end-use markets:
The following table includes comparative information for our estimated sales by the same principal end-use markets, but excluding surcharge revenues:
Sales to the aerospace market of $688.6 million in fiscal year 2007 increased 15 percent from fiscal year 2006. Excluding surcharge revenues, sales to the aerospace market decreased by 2 percent. The static sales level reflects supply chain inventory adjustments stemming from the robust demand for nickel based alloys and titanium coil that took place in the second half of fiscal year 2006, which resulted in reduced purchasing levels by customers throughout fiscal year 2007. In addition, net sales reflected a decline in business with a key customer during fiscal year 2007, who began to procure a portion of its material needs internally from its recently acquired subsidiary.
Sales to the industrial sector of $422.4 million, which includes material used in equipment and other capital goods applications, increased by 53 percent in fiscal year 2007 from fiscal year 2006. Excluding surcharge revenues, sales to the industrial market increased by 28 percent. The growth was driven by increased shipments of higher value materials used in capital equipment and the manufacture of valves and fittings used in applications such as the construction and maintenance of chemical and food processing facilities. Additionally, the sales growth reflected increased shipments to the semiconductor sector.
Sales to the automotive market in fiscal year 2007 increased 34 percent to $234.7 million during fiscal year 2007. Sales, excluding surcharge revenues, increased 7 percent from the prior year. The marginal increase reflected the lower automotive production rates in North America and Europe. In addition, the Company elected not to participate in certain marginally profitable business.
Consumer market sales increased by 15 percent in fiscal year 2007 from the prior year to $198.0 million. Excluding surcharge revenues, sales decreased by 11 percent. The reduction was primarily a result of reduced sales of materials used in consumer electronics and fasteners used in consumer products.
Sales to the energy market in fiscal year 2007 increased 60 percent to $170.7 million during fiscal year 2007. Sales, excluding surcharge revenues, increased 28 percent from the prior year. The increase reflects our strategy to increase our presence in the energy end-use market.
Sales to the medical market of $124.6 million in fiscal year 2007 were 10 percent below the prior year. Excluding surcharge revenues, sales declined 14 percent. The decline mostly reflected continuing inventory adjustments taking place within the supply chain for titanium and specialty alloy materials.
Sales by Product Class
The following table includes comparative information for our sales by major product class:
The table below includes comparative information for our sales by the same major product class, but excluding surcharge revenues:
Sales of special alloys increased 28 percent in fiscal year 2007 to $902.8 million. Adjusted for surcharge revenues, special alloys sales decreased 3 percent. Growth in the energy market and increased sales of higher value products were offset by reduced shipments to the aerospace and medical markets.
Sales of stainless steel products grew 28 percent to $667.4 million in fiscal year 2007. Excluding surcharge revenue, sales increased 10 percent. Stainless sales benefited primarily from increased shipments to the industrial market and from the sale of higher value products.
Titanium sales rose 7 percent in fiscal year 2007 to $188.2 million. Sales benefited from increased shipments of fastener wire to the aerospace market.
Gross Profit
Gross profit in fiscal year 2007 grew to $427.5 million, or 23.2 percent of net sales, from $408.3 million, or 27.9 percent of net sales, in the prior year. The increased gross profit was achieved despite the negative impact from record high nickel prices throughout most of the year. As a result of the rise in nickel prices, the Company’s surcharge revenues increased to approximately $522.3 million or 162 percent more than fiscal year 2006.
Our surcharge mechanism also had a dilutive effect on gross margins. The following represents a summary of the dilutive impact of the surcharges on gross margin for fiscal years 2007 and 2006, which is summarized in the following table:
We estimate that the lag effect of the surcharge mechanism, which results from calculating the surcharge amount for each month using the previous month’s raw material prices, negatively impacted gross margin by 140 basis points when comparing fiscal year 2007 to fiscal year 2006.
Selling and Administrative Expenses
Selling and administrative expenses in fiscal year 2007 were $123.1 million, or 6.7 percent of net sales, compared to $114.9 million, or 7.8 percent of net sales, in fiscal year 2006. The increase primarily reflected $4.4 million related to executive transition costs and $1.6 million associated with the review of a possible acquisition.
Interest Expense
Fiscal year 2007 interest expense of $22.7 million decreased 2 percent from $23.2 million in fiscal year 2006. Interest on substantially all of our debt was at a fixed rate and the level of debt was consistent throughout the two-year period.
Other Income, Net
Other income in fiscal year 2007 was $30.3 million as compared to $21.2 million in fiscal year 2006. The higher amount reflected $8.0 million of increased interest income due to higher investment balances in cash and marketable securities and $1.7 million of increased receipts from the “Continued Dumping and Subsidy Offset Act of 2000.”
Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate for fiscal year 2007 was 31.0 percent as compared to 31.3 percent for fiscal year 2006. The fiscal year 2007 tax rate was more favorable than the statutory rate of 35 percent, primarily due to the following items. We recorded a reduction in income tax expense of $3.5 million, or 1.1 percent of pretax income, reflecting the reversal of valuation allowances that had been recorded against state net operating loss carryforwards in prior years. Based on current year and forecasted taxable income in certain jurisdictions, we determined that it was appropriate to reverse a portion of this valuation allowance in fiscal year 2007. We recognized a benefit of $4.2 million, or 1.3 percent due to a favorable state tax settlement. We recognized a benefit of $2.7 million, or 0.8 percent of pretax income, in connection with the domestic manufacturing deduction, under the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004.
The fiscal year 2006 tax rate was more favorable than the statutory rate of 35 percent due to several reasons. We recorded a reduction in income tax expense of $5.8 million, or 2.0 percent of pretax income, reflecting the reversal of valuation allowances that had been recorded against state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards in prior years. Based on fiscal year 2006 and forecasted taxable income in certain jurisdictions, we determined that it was appropriate to reverse a portion of this valuation allowance in fiscal year 2006. We recognized a benefit of $4.5 million, or 1.6 percent of pretax income, related to US export incentives. We recognized a benefit of $3.0 million, or 1.0 percent of pretax income, in connection with the domestic manufacturing deduction under the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004.
See notes to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8.- “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for a full reconciliation of the statutory federal tax rate to the effective tax rates.
Business Segment Results
Summary information about our operating results on a segment basis is set forth below. For more detailed segment information, see Note 19 to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8.-“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Advanced Metals Operations (“AMO”) Segment
Net sales in fiscal year 2007 for the AMO segment were $1,365.2 million, as compared with $1,092.1 million in fiscal year 2006. Excluding surcharge revenues, sales increased 6 percent from the prior year. The increase was principally driven by the growth experienced in fiscal year 2007 related to the industrial, automotive and end-use markets.
Operating income for the AMO segment in fiscal year 2007 was $202.9 million, or 14.9 percent of net sales (20.6 percent of net sales excluding surcharge revenues), compared to $198.1 million, or 18.1 percent of net sales (21.3 percent of net sales excluding surcharge), a year earlier. The change in operating income primarily reflected the Company’s growth in sales, a richer product mix and the Company’s continued focus on operational improvements.
Premium Alloys Operations (“PAO”) Segment
Net sales for fiscal year 2007 for the PAO segment increased 27 percent to $475.7 million as compared with $375.0 million a year earlier. Excluding surcharge revenues, net sales decreased 1 percent. The relatively flat net sales were the result of strong growth in energy being offset by the reductions experienced in the aerospace end-use market.
Operating income for the PAO segment for fiscal year 2007 was $120.1 million, or 25.3 percent of net sales (36.3 percent of net sales excluding surcharge revenues), as compared with $113.7 million, or 30.3 percent of net sales (33.8 percent of net sales excluding surcharges), for fiscal year 2006. The increase reflected the strong growth in the energy market, which includes higher value materials being offset by the declines in the aerospace market.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have maintained the ability to generate cash to meet our needs through cash flow from operations, management of working capital and the flexibility to use outside sources of financing to supplement internally generated funds. We believe that our cash and cash equivalents of approximately $403.3 million as of June 30, 2008, together with cash generated from operations and available borrowing capacity under our credit facilities, will be sufficient to fund our operating activities, planned capital expenditures and other obligations for the foreseeable future.
During fiscal year 2008, our free cash flow, as defined under “Non-GAAP Financial Measures,” below, was $213.4 million as compared to $202.3 million in the year prior. The increase principally reflected increases in capital expenditures during fiscal year 2008 associated with the expansion of our premium melt facility, which was more than offset by the proceeds from the sales of our ceramics and metals shapes businesses during fiscal year 2008.
Capital expenditures for plant, equipment and software were $118.9 million for fiscal year 2008 as compared with $47.1 million in the year prior. The significant capital projects during fiscal year 2008 were the expansion of our premium melt facilities and the upgrades and improvements to our hot rolling facilities.
During fiscal year 2008, we used $425.2 million to purchase 7,135,411 shares of our common stock pursuant to the terms of share repurchase programs authorized by our Board of Directors. As of June 30, 2008, $46.0 million remains available for future purchases pursuant to the terms of the most recent share repurchase program, which was authorized in December 2007.
We maintain a $150 million revolving credit facility which expires in August 2010. The revolving credit facility includes a minimum EBITDA-to-interest expense coverage covenant and a maximum debt-to-capital ratio covenant. At June 30, 2008, we had $12.2 million of issued letters of credit under the revolving credit facility. The balance of the revolving credit facility ($137.8 million) was available to us. In addition to this facility, we had $50.0 million available under an accounts receivable purchase facility maintained with an independent financial institution with an expiration date of March 2010. As of June 30, 2008, there was no utilization of these credit facilities.
In fiscal year 2009, the Company will be required to make payments totaling $23.0 million related to current maturities of long-term debt.
For fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, interest cost totaled $22.8 million, $23.2 million, and $23.5 million, respectively, of which $2.3 million, $0.5 million, and $0.3 million, respectively, were capitalized as part of the cost of plant, equipment and software.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The following provides additional information regarding certain non-GAAP financial measures. Our definitions and calculations of these items may not necessarily be the same as those used by other companies.
Net Sales Excluding Surcharges
This annual report includes discussions of net sales as adjusted to exclude the impact of raw material surcharges, which represents a financial measure that has not been determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We present and discuss this financial measure because management believes removing the impact of raw material surcharges from net sales provides a more consistent basis for comparing results of operations from period to period for the reasons discussed above in this Item 7.
Free Cash Flow
The following provides a reconciliation of free cash flow, as used in this annual report, to its most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures.
Management believes that the presentation of free cash flow provides useful information to investors regarding our financial condition because it is a measure of cash generated which management evaluates for alternative uses. It is management’s current intention to use excess cash to fund investments in capital equipment, acquisition opportunities, treasury stock purchases, dividend growth, the repayment of long-term debt if economically feasible, or for other general corporate purposes.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to bad debts, customer claims, inventories, goodwill, intangible assets, income taxes, pensions and other postretirement benefits, contingencies and litigation, environmental liabilities, and derivative instruments and hedging activities.
We believe the following are the critical accounting policies and areas affected by significant judgments and estimates impacting the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the failure of our customers to make required payments. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and monitor their payment patterns. Should the financial condition of our customers deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. The cost of inventories is primarily determined using the Last-In, First-Out (“LIFO”) method. Costs include direct materials, direct labor and applicable manufacturing overhead, and other direct costs. Under the LIFO inventory valuation method, changes in the cost of raw materials and production activities are recognized in cost of sales in the current period even though these materials and other costs may have been incurred at significantly different values due to the length of time of our production cycle. The prices for many of the raw materials we use have been volatile. Since we value most of our inventory utilizing the LIFO inventory costing methodology, rapid changes in raw material costs have an impact on our operating results. In a period of rising prices, cost of sales expense recognized under LIFO is generally higher than the cash costs incurred to acquire the inventory sold. Conversely, in a period of declining raw material prices, cost of sales recognized under LIFO is generally lower than cash costs incurred to acquire the inventory sold.
Since the LIFO inventory valuation methodology is designed for annual determination, interim estimates of the annual LIFO valuation are required. We recognize the effects of the LIFO inventory valuation method on an interim basis by estimating the expected annual LIFO cost based on cost changes to date. These projections of annual LIFO inventory valuation reserve changes are updated quarterly and are evaluated based upon material, labor and overhead costs.
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
The amount of the pension expense, which is determined annually, is based upon the value of the assets in the pension trust at the beginning of the fiscal year as well as actuarial assumptions, such as the discount rate and the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets. The assumed long-term rate of return on pension plan assets is reviewed at each year end based on the plan’s investment policies, an analysis of the historical returns of the capital markets, and current interest rates. The plan’s current allocation policy is to have approximately 60 percent U.S. and international equities and 40 percent fixed income. The discount rate for the U.S. plan is determined by reference to Citigroup Pension Discount Curve with maturities that approximate the anticipated cash outflows from the plan. The fluctuations in stock and bond markets could cause actual investment results to be significantly different from those assumed, and therefore, significantly impact the valuation of the assets in our pension trust. Changes in actuarial assumptions could significantly impact the accounting for the pension assets and liabilities. If the assumed long-term rate of return on plan assets was changed by 0.25 percent, the net pension expense would change by approximately $2.1 million. If the discount rate was changed by 0.25 percent, the net pension expense would change by approximately $2.1 million.
Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment and written down to fair value whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable through estimated future undiscounted cash flows. The amount of the impairment loss is the excess of the carrying amount of the impaired assets over the fair value of the assets based upon estimated future discounted cash flows. We evaluate long-lived assets for impairment by individual business unit. Changes in estimated cash flows could have a significant impact on whether or not an asset is impaired and the amount of the impairment.
Goodwill
Goodwill is not amortized, but instead is tested for impairment, at least annually. Potential impairment is identified by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. The fair value is estimated based upon discounted cash flow analysis and the use of market multiples. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, any impairment loss is measured by comparing the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill to its implied fair value. Changes in anticipated discounted cash flows and comparable market multiples could have a significant impact on whether or not goodwill is impaired and the amount of impairment.
Environmental Expenditures
Environmental expenditures that pertain to current operations or to future revenues are expensed or capitalized consistent with Carpenter’s capitalization policy for property, plant and equipment. Expenditures that result from the remediation of an existing condition caused by past operations and that do not contribute to current or future revenues are expensed. Liabilities are recognized for remedial activities when the remediation is probable and the cost can be reasonably estimated. Recoveries of expenditures for environmental remediation are recognized as assets only when recovery is deemed probable. Estimated liabilities are not discounted to present value, but estimated assets are measured on a discounted basis.
Income Taxes
Deferred income taxes result from temporary differences in the recognition of income and expense for financial and income tax reporting purposes, or differences between the fair value of assets acquired in business combinations accounted for as purchases for financial reporting purposes and their corresponding tax bases. Deferred income taxes represent future tax benefits (assets) or costs (liabilities) to be recognized when those temporary differences reverse. We evaluate on a quarterly basis whether, based on all available evidence, we believe that our deferred income tax assets will be realizable. Valuation allowances are established when it is estimated that it is probable (more likely than not) that the tax benefit of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The evaluation, as prescribed by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” includes the consideration of all available evidence, both positive and negative, regarding historical operating results including recent years with reported losses, the estimated timing of future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, estimated future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards, and potential tax planning strategies which may be employed to prevent an operating loss or tax credit carryforward from expiring unused. Future realization of deferred income tax assets ultimately depends upon the existence of sufficient taxable income within the carryback, carryforward period available under tax law.
FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”) prescribes recognition and measurement standards for a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Tax positions are evaluated by Management in accordance with FIN 48. Management determines whether a tax position should be recognized in the financial statements by evaluating whether it is more-likely-than-not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities based upon the technical merits of the position. For those tax positions which should be recognized, the measurement of a tax position is determined as being the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Interest and penalties on estimated liabilities for uncertain tax positions are recorded as components of the provision for income taxes.
Derivative Financial Instruments
Our current risk management strategies include the use of derivative instruments to reduce certain risks. The critical strategies include: (1) the use of commodity swaps and options to fix the price of a portion of anticipated future purchases of certain raw materials and energy to offset the effects of changes in the costs of those commodities; and (2) the use of foreign currency forwards and options to hedge a portion of anticipated future sales denominated in foreign currencies, principally the Euro and Pound Sterling, in order to offset the effect of changes in exchange rates. Historically, we have also used interest rate swaps to maintain a certain level of floating rate debt relative to fixed rate debt. The commodity options and foreign currency forwards and options have been designated as cash flow hedges and unrealized net gains and losses are recorded in the accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) component of stockholders’ equity. When used, the mark-to-market values of both the fair value hedging instruments and the underlying debt obligations were recorded as equal and offsetting gains and losses in the interest expense component of the consolidated statement of income. As of June 30, 2008 and 2007, substantially all interest rate swap agreements were terminated. We evaluate all derivative instruments each quarter to determine that they are highly effective. Any ineffectiveness is recorded in our consolidated statement of operations. If the anticipated future transactions were no longer expected to occur, unrealized gains and losses on the related hedges would be reclassified to the consolidated statement of operations.
New Accounting Pronouncements
For information with respect to new accounting pronouncements and the impact of these pronouncements on our consolidated financial statements, see Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
We had no off balance sheet arrangements during the periods presented.
Contractual Obligations
At June 30, 2008, we had the following contractual obligations and other commercial commitments and contingencies:
(1)
Refer to Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” In addition, we had $12.2 million of outstanding letters of credit as of June 30, 2008
(2)
Estimated interest payments for long-term debt were calculated based on the applicable rates and payment dates.
(3)
Postretirement benefits for certain plans are paid from corporate assets. There is no guarantee that future payments will be paid from corporate assets rather than plan assets.
(4)
We have entered into purchase commitments primarily for various key raw materials and equipment purchases at market related prices, all made in the normal course of business.
As of June 30, 2008, the noncurrent portion of our income tax liabilities, including accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits was approximately $19.3 million. The settlement period for these income tax liabilities cannot be determined and were therefore excluded from the table above.
Market Sensitive Instruments and Risk Management
See “Item 7A.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
We use derivative financial instruments to reduce certain types of financial risk. Raw material cost fluctuations may be offset by selling price adjustments, primarily through the use of surcharge mechanisms and base price adjustments. Firm price sales contracts involve a risk of profit margin decline in the event of raw material increases. We reduce this risk on certain raw materials by entering into commodity forward contracts, which are effective hedges of the risk, on these firm sales contracts.
We are actively involved in managing risks associated with energy resources. Risk containment strategies include interaction with primary and secondary energy suppliers as well as obtaining adequate insurance coverage to compensate us for potential business interruption related to lack of availability of energy resources. In addition, we have used forwards and options to fix the price of a portion of our anticipated future purchases of certain energy to protect against the impact of significant increases in energy costs. We also use surcharge mechanisms to offset a portion of these charges where appropriate.
Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could subject us to risk of losses on anticipated future cash flows from our international operations or customers. Foreign currency forward contracts are used to hedge certain foreign exchange risk.
Historically, we have used interest rate swaps to achieve a level of floating rate debt relative to fixed rate debt where appropriate.
All hedging strategies are reviewed and approved by senior financial management before being implemented. Senior financial management has established policies regarding the use of derivative instruments that prohibit the use of speculative or leveraged derivatives. Market valuations are performed at least quarterly to monitor the effectiveness of our risk management programs.
The status of our financial instruments as of June 30, 2008 is provided in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Management’s Responsibilities for Financial Reporting
Carpenter’s management prepared the financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. The statements were prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and, as such, include amounts based on management’s best judgments and estimates. Financial information elsewhere in this Annual Report is consistent with that in the financial statements.
Carpenter maintains a system of internal controls, supported by a code of conduct, designed to provide reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded and transactions are properly executed and recorded for the preparation of financial information. We believe Carpenter’s system of internal controls provides this appropriate balance. The system of internal controls and compliance is continually monitored by Carpenter’s internal audit staff.
The Audit/Finance Committee of the Board of Directors, composed of independent directors who are neither current nor former employees of Carpenter, meets regularly with management, Carpenter’s internal auditors and our independent registered public accounting firm to consider audit results and to discuss significant internal control, auditing and financial reporting matters. Both the independent registered public accounting firm and internal auditors have unrestricted access to the Audit/Finance Committee.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluations of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management assessed the effectiveness of Carpenter’s internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2008. In making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control - Integrated Framework. Based on our assessment, we concluded that as of June 30, 2008, Carpenter’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.
The effectiveness of Carpenter’s internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2008 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing herein.
/s/ Anne L. Stevens
Anne L. Stevens
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
/s/ K. Douglas Ralph
K. Douglas Ralph
Senior Vice President - Finance and Chief Financial Officer
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and
Shareholders of Carpenter Technology Corporation
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the accompanying index present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Carpenter Technology Corporation and its subsidiaries at June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2008 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedule and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
As discussed in Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for uncertain tax positions in 2008. The Company changed the manner it which it accounts for defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans effective June 30, 2007.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
August 22, 2008
Consolidated Statements of Income
Carpenter Technology Corporation
For the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Carpenter Technology Corporation
For the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Carpenter Technology Corporation
June 30, 2008 and 2007
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
Carpenter Technology Corporation
For the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (continued)
Carpenter Technology Corporation
For the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Carpenter Technology Corporation
For the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Consolidation - The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Carpenter and all majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated. Investments in companies in which Carpenter exercises significant influence, but which it does not control (generally a 20 to 50 percent ownership interest), are accounted for on the equity method of accounting and Carpenter’s share of their income or loss is included in other income, net in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Stock Split - On October 16, 2007, the Company announced that its Board of Directors approved a two-for-one split of the Company’s common stock to be effected in the form of a stock dividend. The stock split was distributed on November 15, 2007 to stockholders of record at the close of business on November 6, 2007. All share and per share information has been retroactively adjusted and restated to reflect the impact of the split.
Discontinued Operations - During fiscal 2008, the Company completed the sale of the ceramics and metal shapes businesses, which is more fully discussed in Note 2. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” the results of operations for the disposed businesses and the gain on sale have been classified as discontinued operations in the Consolidated Statements of Income for all periods presented. Cash flows related to our disposed operations have not been separately disclosed.
Revenue Recognition - Revenue, net of related discounts and allowances, is recognized when product is shipped and title and risk of loss has transferred to the customer.
Freight and Handling Fees and Costs - Freight and handling costs billed separately to customers are included as part of sales, and freight and handling costs expensed are included as part of cost of sales on the consolidated statements of income.
Research and Development - Research and development expenditures, which amounted to $14.4, $11.5 and $10.2 million in fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, are expensed as incurred and are generally reported in cost of sales in the Consolidated Statement of Income. Substantially all development costs are related to developing new products or designing significant improvements to existing products.
Cash Equivalents - Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid instruments with maturities at the time of acquisition of three months or less. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates market.
Marketable Securities - Carpenter considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of more than three months when purchased and all auction-rate securities and variable rate demand notes to be marketable securities. Carpenter has determined that all of its marketable securities are to be classified as available-for-sale. These securities are carried at market value, with the unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. Interest and dividends on securities classified as available-for-sale are included in other income, net.
Accounts Receivable - Trade receivables are carried at original invoice amount less an estimate made for doubtful receivables based on a review of outstanding amounts. Trade credit is extended based upon periodic evaluation of each customer’s ability to perform its obligations. The Company determines accounts receivable allowances based on an aging of accounts and a review of specific accounts identified as collection risks. We do not require collateral to secure accounts receivable.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Inventories - Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. Cost for inventories is principally determined by the Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) method. Carpenter also uses the First-In, First-Out (FIFO) and average cost methods. For fiscal 2008 and 2007, $76.9 million and $76.6 million of inventory, respectively, was accounted for using a method other than the LIFO method.
Fixed Assets and Depreciation - Fixed assets are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation for financial reporting purposes is computed by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Depreciation for income tax purposes is computed using accelerated methods. Upon disposal, assets and related depreciation are removed from the accounts and the differences between the net amounts and proceeds from disposal are included in cost of goods sold in the consolidated statement of operations.
Computer Software and Amortization - Computer software is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet, and is amortized for financial reporting purposes on a straight-line basis over the respective estimated useful lives, ranging principally from 3 to 7 years.
Goodwill - Goodwill, representing the excess of the cost over the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of acquired businesses, is stated at cost. Goodwill is not amortized but instead is annually tested for impairment, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may be impaired. Potential impairment is identified by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. The fair value is estimated using discounted cash flow and the use of market multiples valuation techniques. These valuation techniques require the use of estimates and assumptions related to projected operating results, capital expenditures and working capital levels as well as the cost of capital. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, any impairment loss is measured by comparing the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill to its implied fair value.
Intangible assets - The costs of intangible assets, consisting principally of trademarks, trade names and customer relationships are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives ranging from 15 to 30 years.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets - Long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment and intangible assets subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment and written down to fair value whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable through future undiscounted cash flows. The amount of the impairment loss is the excess of the carrying amount of the impaired assets over the fair value of the assets based upon discounted future cash flows.
Environmental Expenditures - Environmental expenditures that pertain to current operations or to future revenues are expensed or capitalized consistent with Carpenter’s capitalization policy for property, plant and equipment. Expenditures that result from the remediation of an existing condition caused by past operations and that do not contribute to current or future revenues are expensed. Liabilities are recognized for remedial activities when the remediation is probable and the cost can be reasonably estimated. Recoveries of expenditures for environmental remediation are recognized as assets only when recovery is deemed probable. Estimated liabilities are not discounted to present value, but estimated assets are measured on a discounted basis.
Derivative Financial Instruments - All derivative financial instruments are recorded on the balance sheet at their fair value and changes in fair value are recorded each period in current earnings or comprehensive income. Carpenter enters into derivative financial instruments to hedge certain anticipated transactions, firm commitments, or assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. Historically, Carpenter has utilized interest rate swaps to convert floating rate debt to fixed rate, or to convert fixed rate debt to floating rate.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Foreign Currency Translation - Assets and liabilities of most international operations are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at year-end, and their income statements are translated at the average monthly exchange rates prevailing during the year. The resulting translation gains and losses are recorded each period as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income until the international entity is sold or liquidated. Gains and losses from transactions denominated in foreign currencies are reported in other income, net in the consolidated statement of operations.
Deferred Income Taxes - Deferred income taxes are recognized by applying enacted statutory tax rates, applicable to future years, to temporary differences between the tax bases and financial statement carrying values of Carpenter’s assets and liabilities. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts that are more likely than not to be realized.
Earnings per Share - Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income adjusted for the assumed shortfall between common and preferred dividends by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period, adjusted for the effect of an assumed conversion of preferred shares and the effect of all potentially dilutive stock options, nonvested restricted shares and stock units at the end of the period.
Litigation - Periodically, Carpenter and its subsidiaries are parties to lawsuits arising out of the normal course of business. Carpenter records liabilities when a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. These estimates are based on an analysis made by internal and external legal counsel considering information known at the time.
Share-Based Compensation - As of June 30, 2008, Carpenter has two share-based employee compensation plans, which are described in detail in Note 16. Beginning July 1, 2005, Carpenter adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (R) “Share Based Payment” (“SFAS 123R”) using the modified prospective method. The adoption of SFAS 123R did not have a material effect on operating income, income before taxes, net income, basic earnings per share or diluted earnings per share. In connection with the adoption of SFAS 123R during fiscal 2006, $8.0 million related to the tax benefits associated with share-based compensation was reclassified from net cash provided from operations to net cash provided from financing activities. According to the provisions of SFAS 123R, the Company recognizes compensation cost based on the fair value of the awards on the date of grant. The compensation cost is recognized over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the shorter of the vesting period that the holder is required to provide service, or the period from the grant date to the date on which the employee is eligible to retire. Upon retirement, as defined in the Company’s share-based compensation plans, outstanding awards are subject to certain accelerated vesting terms.
Concentration of Credit Risk - Financial instruments that are potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, investments in marketable securities and trade receivables. Investment and cash management policies have been implemented that limit deposit concentrations and limit investments to investment grade securities. The risk with respect to trade receivables is mitigated by monitoring payment terms and periodic credit evaluations we perform on our customers, the short duration of our payment terms and by the diversification of our customer base. No single customer accounted for more than 10% or more of total sales in fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements - In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”), which establishes a framework for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities. This framework is intended to provide increased consistency in how fair value determinations are made under various existing accounting standards that permit, or in some cases require, estimates of fair market value. SFAS 157 also expands financial statement disclosure requirements related to a company’s use of fair value measurements, including the effect of such measures on earnings. The Company is required to adopt the provisions of SFAS 157 effective the first quarter of fiscal 2009. In February 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position SFAS 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157” (“FSP SFAS 157-2”), which delays the effective date of SFAS 157 for all non-recurring fair value measurements of nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities until the fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of SFAS 157 as well as FSP SFAS 157-2.
In February 2007, FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115” (“SFAS 159”). This Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value and report unrealized gains and losses on these instruments in earnings. The Company is required to adopt the provisions of SFAS 159 effective for the first quarter of fiscal 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of SFAS 159.
In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities-an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“SFAS 161”). SFAS 161 requires entities that utilize derivative instruments to provide qualitative disclosures about their objectives and strategies for using such instruments, as well as any details of credit-risk-related contingent features contained within derivatives. SFAS 161 also requires entities to disclose additional information about the amounts and location of derivatives located within the financial statements, how the provisions of SFAS 133 have been applied, and the impact that hedges have on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS 161 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of SFAS 161.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2007, as required, the Company adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 prescribes recognition and measurement standards for a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The evaluation of a tax position in accordance with FIN 48 is a two step process. The first step is the determination of whether a tax position should be recognized in the financial statements. Under FIN 48, a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return is to be recognized only if the Company determines that it is more-likely-than-not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities based upon the technical merits of the position. In step two, for those tax positions which should be recognized, the measurement of a tax position is determined as being the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. FIN 48 was effective as of the beginning of the Company’s 2008 fiscal year, with adoption treated as a cumulative-effect type reduction to beginning retained earnings of $1.8 million. Upon adoption of FIN 48, the Company made an accounting policy election to classify interest and penalties on estimated liabilities for uncertain tax positions as components of the provision for income taxes.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
2. Divestitures and Acquisition
Divestitures
On March 31, 2008, the Company completed the sale of our ceramics businesses to Morgan Crucible Company plc, a U.K. based advanced materials company. The ceramics operations consisted of our Certech and Carpenter Advanced Ceramics business units that have historically been included in our Engineered Products Operations business segment. The net proceeds from the sale were $142.6 million, which included $144.5 million of sales price net of $1.9 million of deal costs. The selling price is subject to a working capital adjustment, which the Company preliminarily calculated to be $2.7 million. In June 2008, the Company received an initial payment of the working capital adjustment of $2.0 million, the remaining balance of the estimated working capital adjustment totaling $0.7 million is expected to be collected in the first quarter of fiscal 2009 and is included in other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2008. The Company does not have any significant continuing involvement in the operations after the divestiture.
On June 30, 2008, the Company completed the sale of our metal shapes business, Rathbone Precision Metals (“Rathbone”), to Calvi Holdings, S.r.l. Rathbone is engaged in the business of designing, manufacturing and selling precision formed shape components in a variety of alloys. The operations of Rathbone were historically included on our Engineered Products Operations business segment. The net sales price was $17.4 million, of which $5.0 million was received at closing with the remaining $12.5 million in the form of a note receivable which was paid in full in July 2008. The net proceeds also reflect $0.1 of deal related costs. In conjunction with the sale, Carpenter entered into a long-term supply agreement to provide the buyer with certain raw materials over a five year period.
The following table summarizes the components of discontinued operations:
The Company has not allocated general corporate overhead charges to the discontinued operations and has elected not to allocate general corporate interest expense.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Acquisition
On March 27, 2008, the Company acquired substantially all the assets of Ultrafine Powder Technology, a manufacturer of fine gas atomized powders used by the metal injection molding industry and other specialty markets located in Woonsocket, RI. The purchase price was $6.6 million and was paid in cash at closing. The consideration paid was allocated to $1.8 million of current assets, principally accounts receivable and inventory, $3.2 million of property, plant and equipment, $1.7 million of intangible assets, $0.6 million of goodwill and $0.7 million to accounts payable and accrued expenses.
3. Earnings per Common Share
The calculations of basic and diluted earnings from continuing operations per common share for the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 were as follows:
For the year ended June 30, 2008, options to purchase 0.2 million shares of common stock have been excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings from continuing operations per common share because their effects were anti-dilutive. There were no options to purchase shares of common stock excluded from the calculations of earnings per share for the year ended June 30, 2007 and 2006.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
4. Investments in Marketable Securities
The fair value of the Company’s marketable securities was based on quoted market prices or estimates of fair value as of June 30, 2008 and 2007. The following is a summary of marketable securities, all of which were classified as available-for-sale as of June 30, 2008 and 2007:
During 2008, the Company shifted its excess cash investments to more stable and liquid money market type investments, which are classified as cash equivalents, as a result of the issues in the credit markets
As of June 30, 2008, the Company’s marketable securities included auction rate securities with a par value of $11.3 million. The auction rate securities have historically traded at par and are callable at par at the option of the issuer. Until February 2008, the auction rate securities market was highly liquid. During February 2008, a number of auctions failed for these types of securities. As a result of the unsuccessful auctions, the interest rates on the securities have been reset at a premium rate. In addition, as a result of the failed auctions, in the event we need access to the funds invested in these securities, we would not be able to liquidate these securities until: a future auction of these securities is successful, the securities are refinanced or redeemed by the issuers, or a buyer is found in a secondary market. The Company has the intent and ability to hold these securities until the earlier of the anticipated recovery period, redemption by the issuer or the stated maturity date. Since the timing of the recovery of the auction process or redemption by the issuer can not be reasonably estimated, the securities have been classified according to their stated maturity dates. The valuation of auction rate securities is subject to uncertainties that are difficult to predict. Factors that impact the valuation of these securities include changes in credit ratings of the securities as well as the underlying assets supporting those securities, rates of default of the underlying assets, underlying collateral value, discount rates, counterparty risk and the ongoing strength and quality of market credit and liquidity. The municipal auction rate securities owned by the Company are of high credit quality and maintain credit enhancements. We have no reason to believe that any of the underlying issuers of our auction rate securities are currently at risk of default.
For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, proceeds from sales of marketable securities were $722.2, $449.4 million and $381.1 million, respectively.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
5. Inventories
If the first-in, first-out method of inventory had been used instead of the LIFO method, inventories would have been $448.0 and $501.0 million higher as of June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Current cost of LIFO-valued inventories was $580.0 million at June 30, 2008 and $659.5 million at June 30, 2007. The reductions in LIFO-valued inventories decreased cost of sales by $23.4 million during fiscal 2008, $4.4 million during fiscal 2007 and $2.0 million during fiscal 2006.
6. Property, Plant and Equipment
The estimated useful lives of depreciable assets are as follows:
Depreciation and amortization for the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $46.8 million, $47.1 million and $45.8 million, respectively.
7. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net
Goodwill
Changes to the carrying amount of goodwill during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were as follows:
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Carpenter conducted its annual impairment review as of June 30, 2008 and 2007 and determined that there was no goodwill impairment. At June 30, 2008 and 2007 the goodwill recorded was associated with the Advanced Metals Operations segment.
Other Intangible Assets, Net
Carpenter recorded $1.0 million of amortization expense during fiscal year 2008, $0.9 million during fiscal year 2007, and $1.0 million during fiscal year 2006. The estimated annual amortization expense for each of the succeeding five fiscal years is $1.1 million.
8. Debt
The Company maintains a $150 million revolving credit facility which expires in August 2010. The revolving credit facility includes two financial covenants, a minimum EBITDA-to-interest expense coverage and a maximum debt-to-capital ratio.
At fiscal year end, the Company had $12.2 million of issued letters of credit under the revolving credit facility. The balance of the revolving credit facility ($137.8 million) was available to the Company. In addition to this facility, the Company had $50 million available to it under an Accounts Receivable Purchase Facility (see Note 9).
Long-term debt outstanding as of June 30, 2008 and 2007 consisted of the following:
The carrying value of the notes includes fair value adjustments for interest swap contracts of $1.4 million and $1.0 million for deferred gains on settled interest rate swaps as of June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The deferred gains on settled interest rate swap contracts are being recognized as reductions to interest expense over the remaining term of the notes, which ranges from one to four years.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Aggregate maturities of long-term debt for the four years subsequent to June 30, 2009, are $20.0 million in fiscal 2010, $0.0 million in fiscal 2011, $100.0 million in fiscal 2012 and $101.0 million in fiscal 2013.
For the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, interest costs totaled $22.8 million, $23.2 million and $23.5 million, respectively, of which $2.3 million, $0.5 million and $0.3 million, respectively, were capitalized as part of the cost of plant, equipment and software.
9. Accounts Receivable Purchase Facility
Carpenter maintains a $50 million accounts receivable purchase facility (“Purchase Facility”) with an independent financial institution which expires in March 2010. Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Facility, Carpenter may sell a participating interest in certain accounts receivable to the independent financial institution.
During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, no sales of interests in accounts receivable were initiated and accordingly there has been no utilization of the Purchase Facility.
10. Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of Carpenter’s financial instruments were as follows:
The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturities of these instruments. As discussed further in Note 4, marketable securities included certain municipal auction rate securities. The carrying amount of the municipal auction rate securities are based on the par value of the securities, which the Company believes approximates fair value. The carrying amount for other marketable securities is based on quoted market prices. The carrying amount for company-owned life insurance reflects cash surrender values based upon the market values of underlying securities.
The fair values of long-term debt as of June 30, 2008 and 2007 were determined by using current interest rates.
The Company formally documents all relationships between its hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for establishing various hedge relationships. The Company formally assesses, both at the inception of the hedge and on an on-going basis, whether each derivative instrument is highly effective in offsetting changes in the fair values or cash flows of hedged items.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Carpenter’s current risk management strategies include the use of derivative instruments to reduce certain risks. These strategies are:
•
The use of commodity forwards and options to fix the price of a portion of future purchases of certain raw materials and energy to offset the effects of changes in the costs of those commodities.
•
The use of foreign currency forwards and options to hedge a portion of future sales denominated in foreign currencies, principally the Euro and Pound Sterling, in order to offset the effect of changes in exchange rates.
•
The use of foreign currency forwards and options to hedge certain foreign currency denominated intercompany receivables, primarily in Euro and Pound Sterling, to offset the effect on earnings of changes in exchange rates until these receivables are collected.
In addition, the Company has historically considered the use of interest rate swaps to achieve appropriate levels of floating rate debt relative to fixed rate debt.
The Company has designated commodity forwards and options and foreign currency forwards and options as cash flow hedges of anticipated commodity transactions, anticipated foreign exchange transactions and scheduled interest payments, respectively. Fair values for outstanding derivative instruments that are designated as cash flow hedges are accumulated in other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity. The fair values are released to earnings when the related hedged items impact earnings. Amounts reclassified to the Consolidated Statement of Income are included in cost of sales (commodity hedges) and sales (foreign currency hedges). If an anticipated transaction is no longer expected to occur, unrealized gains and losses on the related hedge are reclassified to the Consolidated Statement of Income. The changes in other accumulated comprehensive income associated with derivative hedging activities during the year ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 were as follows:
The Company has designated fixed to floating interest rate swaps as fair value hedges. Accordingly, the changes in the fair value of these instruments are immediately recorded in earnings. The mark-to-market values of both the fair value hedging instruments and the underlying debt obligations are recorded as equal and offsetting gains and losses in the interest expense component of the consolidated statements of income. As of June 30, 2008 and 2007, substantially all interest rate swap agreements had been terminated.
The hedges of intercompany receivables denominated in foreign currencies do not qualify for hedge accounting through other comprehensive income; therefore the hedges are marked to market on a quarterly basis and any gains or losses are recorded within other income, net on the Consolidated Statement of Income. All unrealized gains or losses on intercompany receivables denominated in foreign currencies are recorded in other income, net each quarter.
Any ineffectiveness is recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income. The ineffectiveness for existing derivative instruments for the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2007 was immaterial.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
As of June 30, 2008, $11.4 million after taxes of net losses from derivative instruments was included in accumulated other comprehensive loss. Losses of $9.9 million after taxes are expected to be reclassified to the Consolidated Statement of Income within one year. Losses of $1.5 million are expected to be reclassified to the Consolidated Statement of Income after one year.
Carpenter is exposed to credit risk related to its financial instruments in the event of non-performance by the counterparties. Carpenter does not generally require collateral or other security to support these financial instruments. However, the counterparties to these transactions are major financial institutions deemed creditworthy by Carpenter. Carpenter does not anticipate non-performance by the counterparties.
11. Accrued Liabilities
12. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
Carpenter provides several noncontributory defined benefit pension plans to certain employees. The plans provide defined benefits based on years of service and final average salary.
Carpenter also provides other postretirement benefit plans to certain of its employees. The postretirement benefit plans consist of health care and life insurance plans. Benefit payments are paid from Corporate assets. Plan assets are maintained in a Voluntary Employee Benefit Association Trust (“VEBA”) and are principally invested in equity securities.
Carpenter uses a measurement date of June 30 for the majority of its plans.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
The following provides a reconciliation of benefit obligations, plan assets, and funded status of the plans.
Carpenter has several underfunded pension plans that are included in the data presented above. As of June 30, 2008 and 2007, the projected benefit obligation of the underfunded plans was $44.7 million and $46.1 million, the total fair value of assets was $5.5 million and $5.7 million, and the accumulated benefit obligation was $39.6 million and $43.2 million, respectively.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
The components of the net periodic benefit cost related to Carpenter’s pension and other postretirement benefits are as follows:
As disclosed in Note 2, the Company completed the sale of certain business units during fiscal year 2008. As a result of the Company’s decision to divest these business units, the Company recognized a curtailment loss of $0.2 million in fiscal 2008 as prescribed by SFAS No. 88, “Employer’s Accounting for Settlements and Curtailments of Defined Benefit Pension Plans and for Termination Benefits.” The curtailment loss recorded is due to the significant reduction in the expected aggregate years of future service of the employees of the divested businesses.
The service cost component of Carpenter’s net pension (income) expense, which represents the estimated cost of future pension liabilities earned associated with active employees, is included in the operating income of the business segments. The residual net pension expense, which is comprised of the expected return on plan assets, interest costs on the projected benefit obligations of the plans, and amortization of actuarial gains and losses and prior service costs, is included under the heading “Pension earnings, interest & deferrals” in the segment data presented in Note 19.
Principal actuarial assumptions at June 30:
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
The following table shows the expected health care rate increase and the future rate and time at which it is expected to remain constant.
Assumed health care cost trend rates have an effect on the amounts reported for other postretirement benefits. A one percentage point increase in the assumed health care cost trend rate would increase service and interest cost by $0.6 million and increase the postretirement benefit obligation by $7.7 million. A one percentage point decrease in the assumed health care cost trend rate would decrease service and interest cost by $0.5 million and decrease the postretirement benefit obligation by $10.5 million.
Net pension expense in fiscal year 2009 is estimated to be $20.1 million, comprised of $17.8 million of net periodic benefit costs for pension plans and $2.3 million of net periodic benefit costs for other post-retirement benefit plans. The discount rate and expected long-term rate of return on plan assets used to calculate the net pension expense for fiscal 2009 were 6.75% and 8.00% percent, respectively.
Amounts in other comprehensive loss that are expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost in fiscal 2009 are:
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Carpenter’s U.S. pension plans’ weighted-average asset allocations at June 30, 2008 and 2007, by asset category are as follows:
Carpenter’s policy for developing a pension plan investment strategy includes the periodic development of an asset and liability study by an independent investment consultant. Management considers this study in establishing an asset allocation that is presented to and approved by the Company’s Plan Committee.
Management determines an asset allocation that will provide the highest level of return for an acceptable level of risk. Accordingly, Carpenter invests in different asset classes including large-, mid- and small-cap growth and value funds, index and international equity funds, short-term and medium-term duration fixed-income funds and high yield funds. The plan’s current allocation policy is to have approximately 60 percent U.S. and international equities and 40 percent fixed income securities. The Company may vary the actual asset mix based on the ratio of the plan assets and liabilities. Management reviews the asset allocation on a quarterly basis and makes revisions as deemed necessary.
Management establishes the expected long-term rate of return assumption by reviewing historical trends and analyzing the current and projected market conditions in relation to the plan’s asset allocation and risk management objectives. In determining the expected long-term rate of return, Carpenter considered historical returns for individual asset classes and the impact of active portfolio management.
The assets related to Carpenter’s other postretirement benefit plans were invested 100 percent in equity securities as of June 30, 2008 and 2007.
Cash Flows - Employer Contributions
Carpenter’s pension plans remain well funded as measured under ERISA rules, and the Company was not required to make contributions to the plans during fiscal years 2008, 2007 or 2006. No contribution is anticipated for fiscal 2009.
Estimated Future Benefit Payments
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid. Pension Benefits are currently paid from plan assets and Other Benefits are currently paid from corporate assets:
Other Benefit Plans
Carpenter also maintains defined contribution retirement and savings plans for substantially all domestic employees. Company contributions were $5.6 million in fiscal 2008, $5.3 million in fiscal 2007 and $4.8 million in fiscal 2006.
13. Contingencies and Commitments
Environmental
Carpenter is subject to various federal, state, local and international environmental laws and regulations relating to pollution, protection of public health and the environment, natural resource damages and occupational safety and health. Although compliance with these laws and regulations may affect the costs of Carpenter’s operations, compliance costs to date have not been material. Carpenter has environmental remediation liabilities at some of its owned operating facilities and has been designated as a potentially responsible party (“PRP”) with respect to certain third-party Superfund waste disposal sites and other third party owned sites. Additionally, Carpenter has been notified that it may be a PRP with respect to other Superfund sites as to which no proceedings have been instituted against Carpenter. Neither the exact amount of remediation costs nor the final method of their allocation among all designated PRPs at these Superfund sites has been determined. The liability for future environmental remediation costs is evaluated by management on a quarterly basis. Carpenter accrues amounts for environmental remediation costs that represent management’s best estimate of the probable and reasonably estimable costs related to environmental remediation. During fiscal year 2008, no additional accruals were recorded. During fiscal years 2007 and 2006, an additional $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, was accrued related to three environmental remediation sites. The liabilities recorded for environmental remediation costs at Superfund sites, at other third party-owned sites and at Carpenter-owned current or former operating facilities remaining at June 30, 2008 and 2007, were $5.1 million and $5.5 million, respectively. The estimated range at June 30, 2008 of the reasonably possible future costs of remediation at Superfund sites, at other third party-owned sites and at Carpenter-owned current or former operating facilities is between $5.1 million and $ 8.6 million.
Estimates of the amount and timing of future costs of environmental remediation requirements are inherently imprecise because of the continuing evolution of environmental laws and regulatory requirements, the availability and application of technology, the identification of currently unknown remediation sites and the allocation of costs among the PRPs. Based upon information currently available, such future costs are not expected to have a material effect on Carpenter’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, such costs could be material to Carpenter’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows in a particular future quarter or year.
Boarhead Farms
In June 2002, the Company was named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed by a group of plaintiffs in the District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania titled BOARHEAD FARM AGREEMENT GROUP V. ADVANCED ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION ET. AL. (since amended to include the individual members). The suit alleges that the Company and the other named defendants contributed to damages caused at Boarhead Farms, a Superfund site located in Bridgeton, Pennsylvania. The Boarhead Farms site was the home of a now defunct chemical and waste hauling company that the Company engaged to dispose of certain wastes during the 1970’s. The plaintiff group was individually named as PRP’s for the Boarhead site in the EPA’s “Record of Decision” in November 1998. Their suit, in June of 2002, against various defendants, including Carpenter, sought contributions for a portion of costs incurred for various site cleanup activities as well as contributions to future cleanup efforts. The suit went to trial in June 2008. Prior to trial, all of the named co-defendants,
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
except for Carpenter, reached an out of court settlement with the plaintiffs. Carpenter denied the claims made by the plaintiff group. On August 18, 2008, the Court awarded the plaintiffs judgment against the Company for 80 percent of the plaintiffs’ past costs of remediating the site, including prejudgment interest from June 18, 2002 to January 1, 2008, and held the Company liable for 80 percent of future costs of the cleanup activities at the site. In accordance with the Court’s judgment, the Company has recorded a liability of $21.0 million with respect to this matter, although the Company expects to appeal the Court’s decision.
Duty Drawback
Historically, the Company has participated in a program offered by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (“U.S. Customs”) known as duty drawback. Under the program, the Company claimed a refund of import duties on items manufactured and exported to customers in foreign countries. Certain vendors of the Company prepared certificates authorizing the Company to claim duty drawback refunds against imported goods purportedly shipped by the vendor to the Company. Because of the complexity of the program, the Company engaged a licensed U.S. customs broker specializing in duty drawback claims. The customs broker was responsible for performing the administration of the process which included maintaining and collecting various forms of supporting evidence for each claim including collecting appropriate certificates from vendors, as well as preparing and submitting the refund claims.
The Company received notice from U.S. Customs that the Company was under investigation related to claims previously filed by the customs broker on the Company’s behalf. The investigation alleged certain discrepancies and a lack of supporting documentation for the claims that had been filed by the broker. The Company initiated an internal review of the claims filed with U.S. Customs to determine the extent of claims that may have inadequate supporting documentation. The Company has also engaged a new licensed U.S. customs broker and suspended the filing of any new duty drawback claims until the investigation can be concluded. The Company intends to cooperate fully with U.S. Customs’ investigation of this matter.
As of the date of this filing, the Company’s internal review remains ongoing due to the extensive amount of documentation which must be compiled and reviewed. Based on the initial results of the review to date, the Company recorded a charge of $5.1 million to Cost of Sales during fiscal year 2008. This charge was determined in accordance with Statements of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” and represented the Company’s best estimate of probable loss. As a result of the Company’s internal review, the Company has made payments of $1.4 million to U.S. Customs through June 30, 2008 related to the above contingency.
During the period the Company’s customs broker was filing claims on the Company’s behalf, July 2003 through December 2006, the Company applied for and received refund claims totaling $6.9 million. While the ultimate outcome of the U.S. Customs investigation and the Company’s internal review is not yet known, based on current facts we believe that the net remaining reserve recorded of $3.7 million is a reasonable estimate of the probable loss to be incurred related to the investigation.
Export Regulations Violations
In the third quarter of this year, the Company became aware of potential violations of federal export regulations at a business unit that was recently divested. Upon investigation, the Company discovered that approximately 40 foreign nationals employed over time at the business unit’s facility may have been exposed to protected technical data related to the production of various products for military applications. An export license from the Department of State and the Department of Commerce is required prior to the exporting of technical data for military applications. The Company has applied for and received similar applications for other business units, but did not have such a license for the divested business unit. Violations of Federal export regulations
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
can be subject to civil penalties depending upon the severity of the violation. The Company filed voluntary disclosures with the Department of State and the Department of Commerce before the divestiture of the business unit on March 31, 2008. The Department of State responded to the voluntary disclosure without assessing civil penalties. The Department of Commerce has not yet responded to the voluntary disclosure. It is not possible to determine the amount, if any, of civil penalties that may be assessed by the Department of Commerce. As a result the Company has not recorded any liability for potential penalties as of June 30, 2008.
Other
Carpenter also is defending various claims and legal actions, and is subject to contingencies that are common to its operations, including those pertaining to product claims, commercial disputes, employment actions, employee benefits, personal injury claims and tax issues. The Company provides for costs relating to these matters when a loss is probable and the amount is reasonably estimable. The effect of the outcome of these matters on Carpenter’s future results of operations and liquidity cannot be predicted because any such effect depends on future results of operations and the amount and timing (both as to recording future charges to operations and cash expenditures) of the resolution of such matters. While it is not feasible to determine the outcome of these matters, management believes that the total ultimate liability will not have a material effect on Carpenter’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, such costs could be material to Carpenter’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows in a particular future quarter or year.
Carpenter has entered into purchase agreements primarily for various key raw materials and equipment at market related prices, all made in the normal course of business. The purchase commitments covered by these agreements aggregate approximately $198.9 million. Of this amount, $169.2 million relates to fiscal 2009, $20.1 million to fiscal 2010, $2.9 million to fiscal 2011, $2.8 million to fiscal 2012, $2.6 million to fiscal 2013 and $1.3 million thereafter.
14. Operating Leases
Carpenter leases certain facilities and equipment under operating leases. Total rent expense was $6.6 million, $6.7 million and $5.5 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Future minimum payments for non-cancellable operating leases in effect at June 30, 2008 are: $6.2 million in fiscal 2009, $2.9 million in fiscal 2010, $1.1 million in fiscal 2011, $0.5 million in fiscal 2012, $0.4 million in fiscal 2013, and $1.1 million thereafter.
15. Share Repurchase Program
In December 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized an additional share repurchase program as a result of the completion of the purchases of the previously authorized $250.0 million share repurchase program. The additional program authorizes the purchase of up to $250.0 million of the Company’s outstanding common stock. According to the terms of the additional share repurchase program, purchases will be funded with available cash and made from time to time in either the open market or through private transactions. The timing or amount of the shares to be repurchased cannot be assured. Under the terms of the share repurchase programs, the Company purchased 7,135,411 of its common stock on the open market for $425.2 million during the year ended June 30, 2008.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
The following is a summary of shares purchased during the year ended June 30, 2008 under the respective share repurchase programs:
16. Share-Based Compensation
Carpenter has two share-based compensation plans covering officers and key employees: a 1993 plan and a share-based compensation plan covering non-employee directors. Awards granted under the share-based compensation plans are generally paid from shares held in treasury and any additional required share payments are made with newly issued shares. The total compensation cost that has been charged against income related to these share-based compensation plans was $13.2 million, $10.7 million, and $7.4 million for the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
1993 Plan:
The 1993 plan provides that the Board of Directors may grant stock options, restricted stock, and restricted stock units, and determine the terms and conditions of each grant. The 1993 plan provides the Chief Executive Officer with limited authority to grant awards. In October 2006, the stockholders authorized a 4,600,000 share increase to the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock issuable under the 1993 plan. As of June 30, 2008, 4,391,986 shares were available for awards which may be granted under this plan.
Director’s Plan:
The Director’s plan provides for the granting of stock options, performance units and stock units to non-employee Directors. In October 2006, the stockholders authorized a 1,000,000 share increase to the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock issuable under the Director’s plan. At June 30, 2008, 1,108,540 shares were reserved for awards which may be granted under this plan.
Stock Options (all plans):
Stock options granted under the plans above are granted with an exercise price equal to at least the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The options are generally exercisable after one to three years of service and expire no longer than ten years from the grant date.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
No options were issued in fiscal year 2006. The fair value of stock options awarded in fiscal year 2007 and 2008 were estimated on the date of each grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
The assumptions are based on multiple factors, including historical exercise patterns of employees in relatively homogeneous groups with respect to exercise and post-vesting employment termination behaviors, expected future exercising patterns for these same homogeneous groups and the implied volatility of our stock price based on historical performance for the same expected term of the options granted. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of each grant.
Outstanding and Exercisable Options:
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
The weighted average grant date fair value of options awarded during fiscal 2008 and 2007 was $18.42 and $33.17, respectively. No stock options were awarded in fiscal 2006. Share based compensation charged against income related to stock options for the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $2.0 million, $0.7 million and $0.2 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2008, $3.9 million of compensation cost related to non vested stock options remains to be recognized over a weighted average remaining life of 2.2 years.
Of the options outstanding at June 30, 2008, 293,880 related to the 1993 plan and 136,226 related to the Directors’ Plan.
Restricted Stock Awards (all plans):
Performance-based restricted share awards are earned only if Carpenter achieves certain performance goals during a specified performance period according to the terms determined by the Board at the date of the grant. These shares vest from one to two years from the date of the attainment of the specified performance goals. When performance-based restricted shares are earned, compensation cost is determined and charged to expense beginning in the performance period through the vesting period. During fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, 133,325 shares, 71,514 shares and 126,716 shares, respectively, were earned and, $4.5 million, $5.3 million and $5.4 million, respectively, was charged to expense related to performance-based restricted shares.
Time-based restricted share awards vest from the date of grant to periods ranging principally from three to five years. When time-based restricted shares are awarded, compensation cost is determined using the grant-date. During fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, 97,938, 166,960 and 31,900 shares, respectively, were granted. Amounts charged to expense for the vesting of time-based restricted shares were $6.3` million, $4.2 million and $1.4 million for the years end June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
The following table represents nonvested restricted shares that were granted and outstanding as of June 30, 2008 and 2007:
As of June 30, 2008, $10.9 million of compensation cost related to nonvested restricted stock awards remains to be recognized over a weighted average remaining life of 1.7 years.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Director Stock Units:
According to the provisions of the Director’s plan, on the date of each annual stockholders’ meeting, each Director shall be granted, in place of cash compensation, a number of stock units determined by dividing 50 percent of the Director’s annual retainer by the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on that date. Each Director may elect to increase the percentage up to 100 percent of the annual retainer to be paid in stock units in lieu of cash. Stock units granted at each annual meeting will be forfeited if the Director terminates service as a Director for any reason other then retirement, disability or death before the next annual stockholders’ meeting. Additional units are credited to each Director on a quarterly basis to reflect dividend equivalents on the Company’s common stock.
Following a Director’s retirement, the Director will be paid the number of the Company’s common stock shares equal to the number of stock units credited to the Director’s account.
The following table represents director stock units that were granted and outstanding as of June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Compensation cost is determined using the grant-date fair value and charged to expense over the vesting period of one year and amounted to $0.5 million, $0.5 million and $0.4 million in the years ended June 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. As of June 30, 2008, $0.1 million of compensation cost related to director stock units remains to be recognized over a weighted average remaining life of 0.3 years.
17. Income Taxes
Income from continuing operations before income taxes for the Company’s domestic and international operations was as follows:
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
The provision (benefit) for income taxes from continuing operations consisted of the following:
The following is a reconciliation of income taxes computed at the U.S. Federal income tax rate to actual effective income tax provision:
Deferred taxes are recorded based upon temporary differences between financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities. The following deferred tax liabilities and assets were recorded as of June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
As of June 30, 2008, the Company had state net operating losses of $273.7 million available to be carried forward to future years. The state net operating losses begin to expire in 2009.
A valuation allowance is required when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company has recorded a valuation allowance against certain of its tax net operating loss carryforwards. As of June 30, 2008 and 2007, the valuation allowance was $11.9 million and $14.1 million, respectively. Under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109 (“SFAS109”), valuation allowances should be reviewed each year and an assessment must be made as to the likelihood of recovery of those deferred taxes. Based on current year and forecasted taxable state income, we determined that it was appropriate to reverse a portion of this valuation allowance in fiscal years 2008 and 2007. In fiscal 2008 and 2007, tax benefits were recognized through reductions of the valuation allowance in the amount of $2.3 million and $3.5 million, respectively.
At June 30, 2008, we had undistributed earnings of international subsidiaries, amounting to $89.9 million on which deferred income taxes have not been provided because earnings are expected to be reinvested indefinitely outside of the U.S. Upon distribution of those earnings in the form of dividends or otherwise, the Company would be subject to U.S. income taxes including any adjustments for foreign tax credit, state income taxes, and withholding taxes payable to the various foreign countries.
Carpenter is routinely under audit by federal, state or local authorities in the areas of income taxes and the remittance of sales and use taxes. These audits include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal, state and local tax laws. The Company has settled all IRS examinations through June 30, 2002.
As required, the Company adopted FIN 48 on July 1, 2007 which resulted in the Company recognizing a $3.7 million increase in liabilities related to liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits, and a $1.9 million increase in deferred tax assets for tax positions for which the ultimate deductibility is highly certain, but for which there is uncertainty as to the timing of such deductibility. The net result of these recognized assets and liabilities was a reduction to beginning retained earnings of $1.8 million. The Company’s total gross liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits at the date of adoption were $21.9 million, which included $2.5 million of accrued interest and penalties.
It is the Company’s policy to classify interest and penalties recognized on underpayment of income taxes as income tax expense. For the year ended June 30, 2008, the Company’s tax provision included $1.7 million related to interest and penalties.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Including tax positions for which the Company determined that the tax position would not meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold upon examination by the taxing authorities based upon the technical merits of the position, the total estimated unrecognized tax benefit that, if recognized at June 30, 2008, would affect the Company’s effective tax rate was approximately $9.3 million. The total estimated unrecognized tax benefit that, if recognized at June 30, 2008, would be recorded in stockholders’ equity was approximately $10.3 million. It is reasonably possible that the amount of the unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by approximately $9.2 - $10.2 million within the next 12 months of the reporting date of the Company’s consolidated financial statements as a result of the expiration of the statutes of limitations in certain jurisdictions.
The Company, and/or one of its subsidiaries, files income tax returns in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction and in various states and foreign jurisdictions. A summary of tax years that remain subject to examination, by major tax jurisdiction, is as follows:
18. Other Income, Net
Other (income) expense, net consists of the following:
19. Segment Information, Geographic and Product Data
As a result of the divestitures, more fully described in Note 2, the Company now has two continuing operations reportable business segments: Advanced Metals Operations and Premium Alloys Operations.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
The Advanced Metals Operations (“AMO”) segment includes the manufacturing and distribution of high temperature and high strength metal alloys, stainless steels, and titanium in the form of small bars and rods, wire, narrow strip and powder. Products in this segment typically go through more finishing operations, such as rolling, turning, grinding, drawing, and atomization, than products in our PAO segment. Also, sales in the AMO segment are spread across many end-use markets, including the aerospace, industrial, consumer, automotive, and medical industries. AMO products are sold under the Carpenter, Dynamet, Talley, Carpenter Powder Products and Aceros Fortuna brand names.
The Premium Alloys Operations (“PAO”) segment includes the manufacturing and distribution of high temperature and high strength metal alloys and stainless steels in the form of ingots, billets, large bars and hollows. Also, the PAO segment includes conversion processing of metal for other specialty metals companies. A significant portion of PAO sales are to customers in the aerospace and energy industries. Much of PAO sales are to forging companies that further shape, mill, and finish the metals into more specific dimensions. All such sales are made under the Carpenter brand name.
Our consolidated total assets are managed as corporate-level assets and, therefore, are not allocated to the business segments. Only a portion of the expenses related to these assets, principally depreciation and amortization, is allocated to the individual business segments for inclusion in their respective measures of operating income.
The service cost component of Carpenter’s net pension expense, which represents the estimated cost of future pension liabilities earned associated with active employees, is included in the operating income of the business segments. The residual net pension expense, which is comprised of the expected return on plan assets, interest costs on the projected benefit obligations of the plans, and amortization of actuarial gains and losses and prior service costs, is included under the heading “Pension earnings, interest & deferrals”.
On a consolidated basis, Carpenter’s sales were not materially dependent on a single customer or a small group of customers.
The accounting policies of both reportable segments are the same as those described in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
20. Supplemental Data
The following are additional required disclosures and other material items:
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
Quarterly sales and earnings results are normally influenced by seasonal factors. Historically, the first two fiscal quarters (three months ending September 30 and December 31) are typically the lowest principally because of annual plant vacation and maintenance shutdowns by Carpenter and by many of its customers. However, the timing of major changes in the general economy or the markets for certain products can alter this pattern.
Item 9.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Not applicable
Item 9A.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
(a) Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a - 15(e) and 15d - 15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as of June 30, 2008. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2008 were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
(b) Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management’s Report on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption “Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting” and is incorporated herein by reference. The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm has issued a report on management’s assessment of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and is set forth in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” and is incorporated herein by reference.
(c) Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2008 that have materially affected, or are likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B.
Item 9B. Other Information
Not applicable
PART III
Item 10.
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Listed below are the names of our corporate executive officers, including those required to be listed as executive officers for Securities and Exchange Commission purposes, each of whom assumes office after the annual organization meeting of the Board of Directors which immediately follows the Annual Meeting of Stockholders. All of the corporate officers listed below have held responsible positions with the registrant for more than five years except for Anne L. Stevens, who joined Carpenter on October 18, 2006; K. Douglas Ralph, who joined Carpenter on July 9, 2007, Oliver C. Mitchell, Jr., who joined Carpenter on September 4, 2007 and T. Kathleen Hanley, who joined Carpenter on January 8, 2007.
Anne L. Stevens was appointed Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer effective November 1, 2006. Ms. Stevens most recently served as Executive Vice President of Ford Motor Company and Chief Operating Officer of the Americas from November 2005 to October 2006, with responsibility for Ford’s North and South American product development, vehicle launch, manufacturing and material purchasing activities. Prior to this, beginning in 2003, Ms. Stevens had served as Group Vice President, Canada, Mexico and South America. Before joining Ford in 1990, Ms. Stevens held engineering, manufacturing and marketing positions for over ten years at Exxon Corporation. Ms. Stevens has been a member of the Board of Directors of Lockheed Martin since 2002.
K. Douglas Ralph was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer effective July 9, 2007. Mr. Ralph most recently served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer at Foamex International, Inc. from February 2003 to April 2006. Foamex International, Inc. is a leading manufacturer of flexible polyurethane foam for bedding, furniture, automotive, carpet cushion, and other consumer and industrial applications in North America. At Foamex International, Inc., Mr. Ralph had responsibility for total financial operations, including accounting, treasury, investor relations and information technology of the $1.3 billion global company. Prior to joining Foamex International, Inc., Mr. Ralph spent 21 years as a financial executive for the Procter & Gamble Company.
Michael L. Shor was appointed Senior Vice President - Premium Alloys Operations, effective July 27, 2007. In this position, Shor is responsible for revenue growth and operational effectiveness for Carpenter’s Reading based manufacturing operations. Prior to this position, Shor served as Sr. Vice President-Engineered Products Operations from 2004 to 2007. Previously, Shor served as Sr. Vice President, Specialty Alloys Operations of Carpenter from 2000 to 2004. In this position, he had overall responsibility for the restructuring of Carpenter’s largest division while leading it to long-term sustainable revenue and profit growth.
Mark S. Kamon was appointed Senior Vice President - Advanced Metals Operations, effective July 27, 2007. Mr. Kamon is responsible for Carpenter’s metal powder and bar, strip and wire and finishing operations. Prior to assuming his current position, Mr. Kamon was President of the Company’s Dynamet operations since 2000. Mr. Kamon joined Carpenter in November 2000 and has vast experience in carbon and specialty steel manufacturing, spending most of his career with Lukens Steel Company.
Oliver C. Mitchell, Jr. was appointed Senior Vice President - General Counsel and Secretary effective September 4, 2007. Mr. Mitchell was most recently was Counsel to The Margolis Law Firm, LLC of New Jersey and New York, where he advised individuals and corporations on a number of issues, including labor, employment, compliance, regulatory and litigation matters. Mr. Mitchell also worked as an Assistant General Counsel at Ford Motor Company, where he was responsible for all commercial, consumer, Superfund, dealer, employment and other non-product litigation matters.
Dr. Sunil Y. Widge was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer effective April 25, 2007. Prior to that, Dr. Widge was the Vice President for Business Development and Chief Technology Officer for the Specialty Alloys Operations. Dr. Widge joined Carpenter in 1976 as an assistant metallurgist in the High Temperature Alloy operation and was promoted to positions of increasing responsibility in the years that followed, including Director of Research and Development, Vice President for Technology and Quality, and Vice President - Forged Bar Business Group and Technology.
T. Kathleen Hanley was appointed Sr. Vice President, Organizational Effectiveness, Strategy and Corporate Staffs of Carpenter Technology Corporation in January 2007. In this position, Ms. Hanley is responsible for all of Human Resources, Strategy, Public Affairs and Information Technology. Previously, Ms. Hanley served as Quality Systems Expert for Ford Motor Company. In this position, she had responsibility for coordinating system interventions designed to restore the reputation of the Ford brand and coach top executives on improvement of cultural factors impacting current quality performance.
The information required as to directors and the committees of the Board of Directors is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s fiscal 2008 definitive Proxy Statement under the captions “Election of Directors” and “Corporate Governance.”
The information concerning compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is incorporate herein by reference to the Company’s fiscal 2008 definitive Proxy Statement under the caption “Corporate Governance.”
The information concerning Carpenter’s Code of Ethics and certain additional information relating to the Company’s Corporate Governance is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s fiscal 2008 definitive Proxy Statement under the caption “Corporate Governance.”
The information concerning the Audit Committee and its financial experts is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s fiscal 2008 definitive Proxy Statement under the caption “Audit/Finance Committee Report.”
The information concerning material changes to the procedures by which shareholders may recommend nominees to the Board of Directors is incorporate herein by reference to the Company’s fiscal 2008 definitive Proxy Statement under the caption “General Information.”
On November 14, 2007, we filed with the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) the Annual CEO Certification regarding our compliance with the NYSE’s Corporate Governance listing standards as required by Section 303 A-12(a) of the NYSE Listed Company Manual. In addition, we have filed as exhibits to our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, the applicable certifications of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer required under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, regarding the quality of Carpenter’s public disclosures.
Item 11.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
Certain information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s fiscal 2008 definitive Proxy Statement under the caption “Executive Compensation.”
Item 12.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s fiscal 2008 definitive Proxy Statement under the caption “Security Ownership of Certain Owners.”
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table shows the securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans as of June 30, 2008:
Equity Compensation Plan Information
(1)
Includes 4,391,986 shares available for issuance under the Stock-Based Incentive Compensation Plan for Officers and Key Employees (which provides for the issuance of stock options, restricted stock, and restricted stock units) and 1,108,540 shares available under the Stock-Based Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors (which provides for issuance of stock options, stock units and performance units.)
Item 13.
Item 13. Certain Relationships, Related Transactions and Director Independence
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s fiscal 2008 definitive Proxy Statement under the captions “Corporate Governance” and “Executive Compensation.”
Item 14.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s fiscal 2008 definitive Proxy Statement under the caption “Approval of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm”.
PART IV
Item 15.
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Financial Statement Schedule:
(1) The following consolidated financial statement schedule should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements (see Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data:”):
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is contained in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(b) Exhibits
Exhibits required to be filed by Item 601 of Regulation S-K are listed below. Documents not designated as being incorporated herein by reference are filed herewith. The exhibit numbers correspond to the paragraph numbers designated in Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION
By
/s/ K. Douglas Ralph
K. Douglas Ralph
Senior Vice President - Finance and
Chief Financial Officer
Date: August 25, 2008
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Original Powers of Attorney authorizing Oliver C. Mitchell, Jr., or K. Douglas Ralph to sign this Report on behalf of: Carl G. Anderson, Jr., Robert R. McMaster, Martin Inglis, Gregory A. Pratt, Peter N. Stephans, Kathryn C. Turner, Jeffrey Wadsworth, Stephen M. Ward, Jr. and Dr. Phillip M. Anderson are being filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
*By
/s/ Oliver C. Mitchell, Jr.
Oliver C. Mitchell, Jr.
Attorney-in-fact
CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE II. VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
(in millions)