ITEM 1. BUSINESS
As used in this report, the term “Tempur-Pedic International” refers to Tempur-Pedic International Inc. only and the terms “we,” “our,” “ours,” and “us” refer to Tempur-Pedic International and its consolidated subsidiaries. Unless otherwise noted, all financial information in this report is consolidated information for Tempur-Pedic International or its predecessor, and all references to dollars are to United States dollars.
General
We are a rapidly growing and market leading, vertically-integrated manufacturer, marketer and distributor of premium mattresses and pillows that we sell globally in 60 countries primarily under the TEMPUR® and Tempur-Pedic® brands. We believe our premium mattresses and pillows are more comfortable than standard bedding products because our proprietary visco-elastic pressure relieving material is temperature sensitive, has a high density and conforms to the body to therapeutically align the neck and spine, thus reducing neck and lower back pain, two of the most common complaints about other sleep surfaces.
The quality of our products has recently been recognized by the following:
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In April 2003, in Consumers Digest one of our mattresses was named among the eight “best buys” of the mattress industry in the applicable price range.
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In September 2004, we were added to the list of “approved” products by Good Housekeeping magazine, which earned us the privilege to display the Good Housekeeping Seal across our entire line of mattresses.
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In December 2004 ‘The ComfortPillow by Tempur-Pedic’TM, was awarded “best buy” status in the premium pillow category by Consumers Digest.
In addition, consumer surveys commissioned on our behalf over the last several years have indicated that our products achieve satisfaction ratings generally ranging from 80% to 92%.
While most standard mattress companies offer pricing discounts through a single channel, we sell our premium mattresses and pillows through multiple channels at full prices. We sell our products through four distribution channels: Retail (furniture and specialty stores, as well as department stores internationally); Direct (direct response and internet); Healthcare (chiropractors, medical retailers, hospitals and other healthcare markets); and Third party distributors. In the United States, we sell a majority of our mattresses and pillows through the Retail channel. We also have a direct response business that generates product sales and enhances awareness of our brand. For the year ended December 31, 2004, International sales accounted for approximately 37% of our Net sales, with the United Kingdom, Germany, Netherlands, Spain and Japan representing our largest markets. In Asia, our Net sales consist primarily of pillows. Internationally, in addition to sales through our Retail channel, we sell a significant amount of our products through the Healthcare channel and Third party distributors. In the three years ended December 31, 2004, our total Net sales grew at a compound annual rate of approximately 46%, and for the year ended December 31, 2004, we had Net sales of $684.9 million.
Our principal executive office is located at 1713 Jaggie Fox Way, Lexington, Kentucky 40511 and our telephone number is (800) 878-8889. We were incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in September 2002.
Available Information
Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to such reports filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) pursuant to
Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are available free of charge on our website at www.tempurpedic.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with the SEC.
Market Opportunity
Global Mattress Market
The International Sleep Products Association (ISPA) estimates that the United States wholesale market for mattresses and foundations in 2004 was approximately $5.6 billion. We believe the international mattress market is generally the same size as the domestic mattress market. According to ISPA, from 1991 to 2004, mattress unit sales grew in the United States at an average of approximately 500,000 units annually, with approximately 22.5 million mattress units sold in the United States in 2004, although annual sales decreased during the 2000 to 2002 period. We believe a similar number of mattress units were sold outside the United States in 2004. ISPA further estimates that approximately 20% of those mattress units were sold at retail price points greater than $1,000, which is the premium segment of the market we target and which we believe is the fastest growing segment in the industry.
Most standard mattresses are made using innersprings, and most innerspring mattresses are sold for under $1,000, primarily through retail furniture and bedding stores. Alternatives to standard and premium innerspring mattresses include visco-elastic and foam mattresses, as well as airbeds and waterbeds. Three large manufacturers (Sealy Corporation, Serta, Inc., and Simmons Company) dominate the standard innerspring mattress market in the United States, accounting for approximately 59% of wholesale mattress dollar sales in 2003 according to Furniture/Today, a trade publication. The balance of the United States wholesale mattress market is fragmented, with a large number of other manufacturers, many of which operate primarily on a regional basis. Standard innerspring mattresses represent approximately 80% of the overall mattress market in the United States.
The medical community is also a large consumer of mattresses to furnish hospitals and nursing homes. In the United States, there are approximately 15,400 nursing homes and 5,000 hospitals with a collective bed count in excess of 2.7 million. Medical facilities typically purchase twin mattresses with standard operating functions such as adjustable height and mechanisms to turn patients to prevent pressure ulcers (or bed sores). We believe demographic trends suggest that as the population ages, the healthcare market for mattresses will continue to grow.
Global Pillow Market
We estimate that the United States retail market for pillows is approximately $1.1 billion. The United States pillow market has a traditional and specialty segment. Traditional pillows are generally made of low cost foam or feathers, other than down. Specialty pillows include all alternatives to traditional pillows, including visco-elastic, foam, sponge rubber and down. We believe the international pillow market is generally the same size as the domestic pillow market.
Our Market Position
We are the leading global manufacturer, marketer and distributor of premium mattresses and pillows. We believe consumer demand for our premium products in the United States is being driven primarily by increased housing and home furnishing purchases by the “baby boom” generation; significant growth in our core demographic market as the baby boom generation ages; increased awareness of the health benefits of a better quality mattress; and the shifting consumer preference from firmness to comfort. Our Net sales of mattresses, including overlays, have increased from $116.8 million in 2001 to $433.3 million in 2004 (a 55% compound annual growth rate), and Net sales of pillows have increased from $75.3 million in 2001 to $138.0 million in 2004 (a 22% compound annual growth rate). As consumers continue to prefer alternatives to standard innerspring mattresses, our products become more widely available and as our brand gains broader consumer recognition, we expect that our premium products will continue to attract sales away from the standard mattress market.
Competitive Strengths
We believe we are well-positioned for continued growth in our target markets, and that the following competitive strengths differentiate us from our competitors:
Superior Product Offering
Our proprietary visco-elastic mattresses and pillows conform to the body more naturally and provide better spinal alignment, reduced pressure points, greater relief of lower back and neck pain, and a better quality sleep than traditional bedding products. We believe the benefits of our products have become widely recognized, as evidenced by the more than 25,000 healthcare professionals who recommend our products and the approval of one or more of our products for purchase or reimbursement by the government healthcare agencies in several European countries. Consumer surveys commissioned on our behalf in recent years indicate that our products achieve satisfaction ratings generally ranging from 80% to 92%. Further, we continue to leverage our unique and proprietary manufacturing process to develop new products and refine existing products to meet the changing demands and preferences of consumers. Our innovative products distinguish us from the major manufacturers of standard innerspring mattresses and traditional pillows in the United States, which we believe offer generally similar products and must compete primarily on price.
Increasing Global Brand Awareness
We believe consumers in the United States and internationally increasingly associate our brand name with premium quality products that enable better overall sleep. We sell our products in 60 countries primarily under the TEMPUR® and Tempur-Pedic® brands. Our TEMPUR® brand has been in existence since 1991 and its global awareness is reinforced by our high level of customer satisfaction. In April 2003, Consumers Digest named one of our mattresses among the eight “best buys” of the mattress industry in the applicable price range. In September 2004, we were added to the list of “approved” products by Good Housekeeping magazine, which earned us the privilege to display the Good Housekeeping Seal across our entire line of mattresses. In addition, in December 2004 ‘The ComfortPillow by Tempur-Pedic’™ was awarded “best buy” status in the premium pillow category by Consumers Digest. Furthermore, we believe our direct response business and associated multi-channel advertising in our domestic and international markets have enhanced awareness of our brand.
Diversified Product Offerings Sold Globally Through Multiple Distribution Channels
Our diversified product offerings include mattresses, pillows and other products, primarily adjustable beds, which we sell through all of our channels. For the year ended December 31, 2004, mattress, pillow and other product sales, primarily adjustable beds, represented 63%, 20% and 17%, respectively, of our Net sales. For the year ended December 31, 2004, our Retail channel represented 71% of Net sales, with our Direct, Healthcare and Third party distributor channels representing 15%, 7% and 7%, respectively. Domestic and International operations generated 63% and 37%, respectively, of Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Strong Financial Performance
Our business generates significant free cash flow due to the combination of our rapidly growing revenues, strong gross and operating margins, low maintenance capital expenditures and working capital requirements, and limited corporate overhead. Further, our vertically-integrated operations generated an average of approximately $0.5 million in Net sales per employee in 2004. For the year ended December 31, 2004, our Gross profit margin and Net income margin were 53% and 11%, respectively, on Net sales of $684.9 million. In addition, capital expenditures were $38.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2004, of which approximately $10.0 million was related to the enhancement of our existing assets, which includes our manufacturing facilities and distribution subsidiaries. Our strong financial performance gives us the flexibility to invest in our manufacturing operations, enhance our sales force and marketing, invest in information systems and recruit experienced management and other personnel.
Significant Growth Opportunities
We believe we have significant growth opportunities because we have penetrated only a fraction of our addressable market. As of December 31, 2004, our products were sold in approximately 4,100 furniture retail stores in the United States, out of a total of approximately 9,000 stores we have identified as appropriate targets. Similarly, we currently sell our products in approximately 3,300 furniture retail stores outside the United States, out of a total of approximately 7,000 stores we have identified as appropriate targets. Furthermore, we have recently begun to expand our direct response business in our European markets, based on our similar, successful initiatives in the United States and in the United Kingdom, to reach a greater number of consumers and increase our brand awareness. In addition, we currently supply only a small percentage of the approximately 15,400 nursing homes and 5,000 hospitals in the United States, with a collective bed count in excess of 2.7 million.
Our Products
Our proprietary visco-elastic mattresses and pillows contour to the body more naturally and enable better spinal alignment, reduced pressure points, greater relief of lower back and neck pain and better quality sleep compared to standard innerspring products and traditional pillows.
Our high-quality, high-density, temperature-sensitive visco-elastic material distinguishes our products from other products in the marketplace. Visco-elastic pressure-relieving material was originally developed by NASA in 1971 in an effort to relieve astronauts of the g-forces experienced during lift-off, and NASA subsequently made this formula publicly available. The NASA visco-elastic pressure-relieving material originally proved unstable for commercial use. However, after several years of research and development, we succeeded in developing a proprietary formulation and proprietary process to manufacture a stable, durable and commercially viable product. The key feature of our visco-elastic pressure-relieving material is its temperature sensitivity. It conforms to the body, becoming softer in warmer areas where the body is making the most contact with the visco-elastic pressure-relieving material and remaining firmer in cooler areas where less body contact is being made. As the material molds to the body’s shape, the body is supported in the correct anatomical position with the neck and spine in complete therapeutic alignment. Our visco-elastic pressure-relieving material also has higher density than other visco-elastic materials, resulting in improved durability and enhanced comfort. In addition, clinical evidence indicates that our products are both effective and cost efficient for the prevention and treatment of decubitis, or bed sores, a major problem for elderly and bed-ridden patients.
Mattresses
Our mattresses, which represented 63% of worldwide sales in 2004 and are our leading product category in growth in recent years, are constructed to conform to the exact body shape of the consumer to evenly distribute weight and eliminate pressure points. Our mattresses are composed of patented multi-layer, heat sensitive, visco-elastic pressure-relieving material. Our patented mattress offerings include our Classic, Deluxe, ‘The CelebrityBed by Tempur-Pedic’TM, and our European Deluxe mattress.
Pillows
Our premium pillow offerings represented 20% of worldwide sales in 2004 and provide plush and pressure-relieving comfort as the temperature sensitive material molds to the body in a variety of styles. Our pillow offerings include ‘The ComfortPillow by Tempur-Pedic’™, which contains “micro-cushions” of TEMPUR® fill material in a specially designed cover, our classic cervical shaped pillow designed for neck and spine alignment, the Millennium pillow with its unique patented design and our newest Body and Supreme premium pillows introduced in the U.S. in 2004.
Other Products
Our other products, including adjustable beds, represented 17% of our worldwide sales in 2004. Our adjustable beds are the highest quality and most advanced adjustable beds available. Our mattress easily molds to the shape of the base to stay in place and perform better than other mattresses. In addition, this category includes foundations used to support our mattress products and many other types of offerings including a variety of cushions and other comfort products.
Marketing and Sales
While primarily a wholesaler, we market directly to consumers in the United States and the United Kingdom and have recently begun to expand similar programs in Europe. Our marketing strategy is to increase consumer awareness of the benefits of our products and to further associate our brand name with better overall sleep and premium quality products.
Retail
This channel is our fastest growing sales channel and is driven by a sales team dedicated to introducing our products to traditional furniture and bedding retailers. We work with and target furniture retailers, sleep shops, specialty back and gift stores, home stores and international department stores.
We are currently positioned in approximately 7,400 furniture stores worldwide. In the United States, the largest sales division is the retail sales division, which currently sells to approximately 1,500 specialty retail and approximately 4,100 furniture stores. We now sell our products in approximately 3,300 furniture stores in Europe. We plan to build and maintain our base of specialty retail stores.
Our sales force develops this channel through identifying and contacting potential targets, trade publication advertising, presentations at trade shows and referrals. Our sales force seeks to convince potential accounts to stock our products based on our superior product offerings, strong brand awareness and attractive margins. As part of our marketing and sales effort in the United States, our trainers train in-store personnel in our products and their benefits in order to make the in-store personnel more effective sellers of our products, and we often provide mattresses and pillows to these in-store personnel so that they become personally familiar with the benefits of our products.
Direct
This channel sells products directly to consumers through our call center operations and the internet in the United States and Europe. Advertising channels include television, magazines, radio and newspapers.
Our direct response marketing in the United States and United Kingdom targets customers through television, radio, magazine and newspaper product offering advertisements. Net sales from this division in the United States have grown from $7.0 million in 1997 to $84.2 million in 2004. During the same period in the United Kingdom, direct sales increased from $1.0 million to $12.5 million. Growth in direct response is primarily
a function of advertising. We have recently introduced a direct response program in certain European markets to replicate the success achieved in the United States and the United Kingdom. Most direct response sales orders are taken through responding to in-bound telephone calls, although some orders are also accepted through the internet. We will seek to increase the portion of direct sales orders taken over the internet in order to make our direct sales process more efficient.
Healthcare
We sell to chiropractors, physical therapists, massage therapists, sleep clinics, other medical professionals and medical retailers that utilize our products to treat patients or recommend and/or sell them to their clients. In addition, we work closely with hospitals, nursing homes, and medical equipment providers to place our products in facilities where they will receive general public use.
Our Healthcare sales division offers medical mattresses, pillows and wheelchair cushions to the worldwide medical market. The structure of our healthcare business varies according to the local market. Within our healthcare channel, approximately 25,000 healthcare professionals recommend and/or sell our products to their patients; medical retailers, including pharmacists; and hospitals and nursing homes. Our principal markets in this channel are in the United States and in Europe, in Germany, Sweden, Norway and Spain. In each of our local markets, we operate our healthcare business on a local basis with direct sales forces and telemarketing programs.
Our Healthcare sales division in the United States, which we refer to as Tempur-Medical, began primarily through indirect sales of our mattresses and pillows through a network of medical professionals, and has grown to include direct sales to hospitals, nursing homes and medical retailers. We believe that this is a large potential market for our products, including approximately 15,400 nursing homes and 5,000 hospitals in the United States, with a collective bed count in excess of 2.7 million beds, and that this market should expand over time as the baby boom generation ages.
Third Party
We have successfully expanded distribution into international markets by utilizing third party distributors. Our approach to these developing markets has allowed us to build sales, marketing and brand awareness with minimal capital risk.
We have entered into written and verbal arrangements with third party distributors located in Eastern Europe, Asia/Pacific, the Middle East, Central and South America and Canada and Mexico. We utilize third party distributors to serve markets that are currently outside the range of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. We have recently made investments in personnel to manage and grow this important form of product distribution, and have restructured our organization to better track and manage our third party distribution arrangements.
Operations
Manufacturing and Related Technology
Our products are manufactured at plants in Aarup, Denmark and Duffield, Virginia, both of which we own. Much of the sewing and production of mattress and pillow covers is outsourced to third party suppliers.
The Danish plant has undergone several major plant expansions in the past five years, including a $18.4 million facility expansion in 2004. As a result of this expansion, the Danish plant is now approximately 517,000 square feet, and has increased its mattress production capacity by more than one hundred percent. In February 2004, we completed the $21.0 million expansion of our Virginia plant, which is now approximately 540,000 square feet.
In order to continue to increase productivity and expand our manufacturing capacity, we began construction in September 2004 on a third manufacturing facility located in Albuquerque, New Mexico, for which we estimate total construction costs to be approximately $90.0 million. This 750,000 square foot state-of-the-art mattress manufacturing plant will meet demand for our products primarily within the western United States as well as Canada, Mexico, and South America.
Our visco-elastic pressure-relieving material is a polyurethane product manufactured from polyol and proprietary additives. We limit the number of individuals who know or have access to the exact formula and manufacturing processes to make the visco-elastic pressure-relieving material. Our manufacturing process begins with the material used to make the visco-elastic product being mixed and poured into molds for pillows or formed into slabs for mattresses. For mattresses, the visco-elastic pressure-relieving material is then cut into appropriate sizes which are laminated before covering and shipping.
Suppliers
We currently obtain all of the materials used to produce our visco-elastic pressure-relieving material from outside sources. We currently acquire almost all our polyol, an industrial petroleum-based commodity, from two suppliers with a number of manufacturing locations around the world. We purchase proprietary additives from a number of vendors. We expect to continue these supplier relationships for the foreseeable future. We do not consider ourselves dependent upon any single outside vendor as a source of raw materials and believe that sufficient alternative sources of supply for the same or similar raw materials are available.
Research and Development
We continuously seek to improve our products’ performance and benefits. Through consumer surveys and consumer focus groups, we seek feedback on a regular basis to help enhance our products. Since the introduction of our first product in 1991, we have continued to improve and expand our product line, including new mattresses and pillows for all channels. We have invested $2.0 million, including $1.2 million in 2004, in a new Research and Development center located in Duffield, Virginia designed to facilitate detailed product testing and analysis utilizing state-of-the-art technology. In addition to our research and development efforts, we also devote significant efforts to product development as part of our sales and marketing operations. We intend to increase our spending on research and development efforts in order to continue providing superior and innovative mattress and pillow products to our target markets.
Competition
The mattress and pillow industries are highly competitive. Participants in the mattress and pillow industries have traditionally competed primarily based on price. Our premium mattresses compete with a number of different types of premium and standard mattress alternatives, including innerspring mattresses, foam mattresses, waterbeds, futons, air beds and other air-supported mattresses that are sold through a variety of channels, including furniture stores, specialty bedding stores, department stores, mass merchants, wholesale clubs, telemarketing programs, television infomercials and catalogs. The pillow industry is characterized by a large number of competitors, none of which is dominant.
The standard mattress market in the U.S. is dominated by three large manufacturers of innerspring mattresses with nationally recognized brand names, Sealy, Serta, and Simmons. These three competitors also offer premium innerspring mattresses and collectively have a significant share of the premium mattress market in the United States. Select Comfort Corporation competes in the premium specialty mattress market and focuses on the air mattress market segment. The balance of the mattress market in the U.S. is served by a large number of other manufacturers, primarily operating on a regional basis. Many of these competitors and, in particular, the three largest manufacturers named above, have greater financial, marketing and manufacturing resources and better brand name recognition than our products and sell their products through broader and more established distribution channels. During the past few years, a number of our competitors have begun to offer visco-elastic mattress and pillow products.
The international market for mattresses and pillows is generally served by a large number of manufacturers, primarily operating on a regional basis. Some of these manufacturers also offer visco-elastic products.
Intellectual Property
We hold various United States and foreign patents and patent applications regarding certain elements of the design and function of our products, including our Classic and Deluxe mattress products, and our Millennium, Comfort and Leg-Spacer pillow products, among others. As of December 31, 2004, we had 10 issued United States patents, expiring at various points between 2013 and 2021, and 9 United States patent applications pending. We also held approximately 42 foreign patents and had approximately 21 foreign patent applications pending. Notwithstanding these patents and patent applications, we cannot assure you that these patent rights will provide substantial protection or that others will not be able to develop products that are similar to or competitive with our products. In addition, the principal product formula and manufacturing processes for our visco-elastic products are not patented. To our knowledge, no third party has asserted a claim against us alleging that any element of our product infringes or otherwise violates any intellectual property rights of any third party.
As of December 31, 2004, we held approximately 143 trademark registrations worldwide, which we believe have significant value and are important to the marketing of our products to retailers. TEMPUR® and Tempur-Pedic® are trademarks registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. We have a number of other registered marks, including ‘The Celebritybed by Tempur-Pedic’™, Swedish Sleep System® and Tempur-Med®, and our Tempur-Pedic logo is registered. In addition, we have United States applications pending for additional marks. Several of our trademarks have been registered, or are the subject of pending applications, in various foreign countries. Each United States trademark registration is renewable indefinitely as long as the mark remains in use. We periodically review our portfolio of patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark registrations and trademark registration applications, as well as our business plans, to determine whether our intellectual property portfolio is appropriately aligned with our business. Accordingly, we may sometimes permit certain intellectual property to lapse or go abandoned under appropriate circumstances. In addition, due to the uncertainties inherent in prosecuting patent applications and trademark registration applications, sometimes patent applications and trademark applications are rejected and we subsequently abandon them. In other circumstances, applications are allowed and either issue as patents or are registered. We are not aware of any material claims of infringement or other challenges asserted against our right to use these marks.
Governmental Regulation
Our operations are subject to state, local and foreign consumer protection and other regulations relating to the mattress and pillow industry. These regulations vary among the states and countries in which we do business. The regulations generally impose requirements as to the proper labeling of bedding merchandise, restrictions regarding the identification of merchandise as “new” or otherwise, controls as to hygiene and other aspects of product handling and sale and penalties for violations.
The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission and various state regulatory agencies are considering new rules relating to fire retardancy standards for the mattress and pillow industry. The State of California has adopted new fire retardancy standards beginning in 2005. We have developed product modifications that allow us to meet the new standards. Required product modifications have added cost to our products. Many foreign jurisdictions also regulate fire retardancy standards, and changes to these standards and changes in our products that require compliance with additional standards would raise similar risks.
Information Systems
We use technology to support our business and reduce operating costs, enhance our customer service and provide real-time information to manage our business. We use technology platforms from market leaders such as Microsoft, Oracle and Hyperion to run both packaged applications and internally developed systems. We have
purchased upgraded replacements for the majority of our technology infrastructure over the past several years as equipment has come off of lease. Our major systems include manufacturing resource planning, direct marketing and customer service in-bound/out-bound telemarketing systems, e-commerce systems, retail partners support systems, Oracle ERP and Hyperion financial reporting systems.
The retail, direct marketing, customer service, and e-commerce applications are interfaced together to provide a fully integrated view of our customers and their activities across sales channels. Our Oracle-based ERP applications include modules in support of our finance and distribution operations. We recently upgraded our Oracle applications to the 11i version to provide significantly more flexibility, functionality and productivity cost savings. Our Microsoft-based manufacturing systems provide integrated resource planning and cost accounting applications to provide support for our manufacturing operations.
We use our own employees, supplemented by consultants and contractors, to deliver and maintain our technology systems and assets. Outsourcing is occasionally used for cost effectiveness or strategic reasons. We have a disaster recovery plan in place.
Employees
As of December 31, 2004, we have approximately 1,300 employees, with approximately 600 in the United States, 300 in Denmark and 400 in the rest of the world. Our employees in Denmark are under a government labor union contract. None of our United States employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We believe our relations with our employees are generally good.
Risk Factors
The following risk factors and other information included in this report should be carefully considered. Please also see “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” on page i.
We operate in the highly competitive mattress and pillow industries, and if we are unable to compete successfully, we may lose customers and our sales may decline.
Participants in the mattress and pillow industries compete primarily on price, quality, brand name recognition, product availability and product performance. Our premium mattresses compete with a number of different types of mattress alternatives, including standard innerspring mattresses, visco-elastic mattresses, foam mattresses, waterbeds, futons, air beds and other air-supported mattresses. These alternative products are sold through a variety of channels, including furniture stores, specialty bedding stores, department stores, mass merchants, wholesale clubs, telemarketing programs, television infomercials and catalogs.
Many of our competitors have greater financial, marketing and manufacturing resources and better brand name recognition than our brand, and sell their products through broader and more established distribution channels. In addition, we believe that a number of companies now offer mattress products claimed to be similar to our visco-elastic mattresses and pillows. These competitors or other mattress manufacturers may aggressively pursue the visco-elastic mattress market. Any such competition by established manufacturers or new entrants into the market could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results by causing our products to lose market share. In addition, should any of our competitors reduce prices on premium mattress products, we may be required to implement price reductions in order to remain competitive, which could significantly impair our liquidity and profitability. The pillow industry is characterized by a large number of competitors, none of which is dominant, but many of which have greater resources than us and greater brand name recognition than our brand.
We may be unable to effectively manage our growth, which could reduce our liquidity and profitability.
We have grown rapidly, with our Net sales increasing from approximately $221.5 million in 2001 to approximately $684.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. Our growth has placed, and will continue
to place, a strain on our management, production, product distribution network, information systems and other resources. Our growth may strain these resources to the point where they are no longer adequate to support our operations, which would require us to make significant expenditures in these areas. In addition, demand for our products may grow at a rate faster than anticipated, which may result in our inability to produce mattresses and pillows in the quantity demanded. To manage growth effectively, we must:
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Continue to significantly increase the volume of products manufactured at our manufacturing facilities in time to meet the anticipated demand for our products;
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continue to enhance our operational, financial and management systems, including our database management, tracking of inquiries, inventory control and product distribution network; and to manage our growing base of retailers, including ensuring compliance with distributor agreements and maintaining adequate credit controls; and
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expand, train and manage our employee base.
We may not be able to effectively manage this expansion in any one or more of these areas, and any failure to do so could significantly harm our business, financial condition and operating results.
We may be unable to sustain growth or profitability, which could impair our ability to service our indebtedness and make investments in our business.
Our ability to service our indebtedness depends, to a significant extent, on our ability to grow our business while maintaining profitability. We may not be able to sustain growth or profitability on a quarterly or annual basis in future periods. Further, our future growth and profitability will depend upon a number of factors, including without limitation:
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the level of competition in the mattress and pillow industry;
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our ability to continue to successfully execute our strategic initiatives and growth strategy;
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our ability to effectively sell our products through our distribution channels in volumes sufficient to drive growth and leverage our cost structure and advertising spending;
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our ability to continuously improve our products to offer new and enhanced consumer benefits, better quality and reduced costs;
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our ability to maintain efficient, timely and cost-effective production and delivery of our products;
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the efficiency and effectiveness of our advertising campaign and other marketing programs in building product and brand awareness, driving traffic to our distribution channels and increasing sales;
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our ability to successfully identify and respond to emerging trends in the mattress and pillow industry;
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our ability to maintain public association of our brand with premium products, including overcoming any impact on our brand caused by some of our customers seeking to sell our products at a discount to our recommended price;
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the level of consumer acceptance of our products; and
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general economic conditions and consumer confidence.
We may not be successful in executing our growth strategy and even if we achieve our strategic plan, we may not be able to sustain profitability. Failure to successfully execute any material part of our strategic plan or growth strategy could significantly impair our ability to service our indebtedness and make investments in our business.
We may face exposure to product liability, which could reduce our liquidity and profitability and reduce consumer confidence in our products.
We face an inherent business risk of exposure to product liability claims if the use of any of our products results in personal injury or property damage. In the event that any of our products prove to be defective, we may
be required to recall or redesign those products. We maintain insurance against product liability claims, but such coverage may not continue to be available on terms acceptable to us or be adequate for liabilities actually incurred. A successful claim brought against us in excess of available insurance coverage could impair our liquidity and profitability, and any claim or product recall that results in significant adverse publicity against us, could result in consumers purchasing fewer of our products, which would also impair our liquidity and profitability.
Our operating results are increasingly subject to seasonal and quarterly fluctuations, which could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
A significant portion of our growth in Net sales is attributable to growth in sales in our Domestic retail channel, particularly sales to furniture stores. We believe that our sales of mattresses and pillows to furniture stores are subject to seasonality inherent in the bedding industry with sales expected to be generally lower in the second and fourth quarters and higher in the first and third quarters. Accordingly, our Net sales may be affected by this seasonality as our domestic retail sales channel continues to grow as a percentage of our overall Net sales.
Our product development and enhancements may not be successful, which could reduce our ability to compete and reduce our revenues and profitability.
Our business focuses on mattresses and pillows made with our visco-elastic material, and we are vulnerable to shifting consumer tastes and demands. Our growth and future success will depend, in part, upon our ability to enhance our existing products and to develop and market new products on a timely basis that respond to customer needs and achieve market acceptance. We may not be successful in developing or marketing enhanced or new products, and such products may not be accepted by the market.
Regulatory requirements may require costly expenditures and expose us to liability.
Our products and our marketing and advertising programs are and will continue to be subject to regulation in the United States by various federal, state and local regulatory authorities, including the Federal Trade Commission and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. In addition, other governments and agencies in other jurisdictions regulate the sale and distribution of our products. Compliance with these regulations may have an adverse effect on our business. For example, compliance with changes in fire resistance laws may be costly and could have an adverse impact on the performance of our products. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission and various state regulatory agencies are considering new rules relating to fire retardancy standards for the mattress and pillow industry. The State of California has adopted new fire retardancy standards beginning in 2005. We have developed product modifications that allow us to meet the new standards. Required product modifications have added cost to our products. Many foreign jurisdictions also regulate fire retardancy standards, and changes to these standards and changes in our products that require compliance with additional standards would raise similar risks.
Our marketing and advertising practices could also become the subject of proceedings before regulatory authorities or the subject of claims by other parties. In addition, we are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to pollution, environmental protection and occupational health and safety. We may not be in complete compliance with all such requirements at all times. We have made and will continue to make capital and other expenditures to comply with environmental and health and safety requirements. If a release of hazardous substances occurs on or from our properties or any associated offsite disposal location, or if contamination from prior activities is discovered at any of our properties, we may be held liable and the amount of such liability could be material.
Allegations of the possibility of price fixing in the mattress industry could increase our costs or otherwise adversely affect our operations.
Our retail pricing policies are subject to antitrust regulations in the United States and abroad. If antitrust regulators in any jurisdiction in which we do business initiate investigations into or challenge our pricing or advertising policies, our efforts to respond could force us to divert management resources and we could incur significant unanticipated costs. If such an investigation were to result in a charge that our practices or policies were in violation of applicable antitrust laws or regulations, we could be subject to significant additional costs of defending such charges in a variety of venues and, ultimately, if there were a finding that we were in violation of antitrust laws or regulations, there could be an imposition of fines, damages for persons injured, as well as injunctive or other relief. Any requirement that we pay fines or damages could decrease our liquidity and profitability, and any investigation that requires significant management attention or causes us to change our business practices could disrupt our operations, also resulting in a decrease in our liquidity and profitability.
An increase in our product return rates or an inadequacy in our warranty reserves could reduce our liquidity and profitability.
Part of our Domestic marketing and advertising strategy in certain Domestic channels focuses on providing up to a 120-day money back guarantee under which customers may return their mattress and obtain a refund of the purchase price. For the year ended December 31, 2004, in the United States we had approximately $30.7 million in returns for a return rate of approximately 7% of our Net sales in the United States. As we expand our sales, our return rates may not remain within our historical levels. An increase in return rates could significantly impair our liquidity and profitability. We also currently provide our customers with a limited 20-year warranty on mattresses sold in the United States and a limited 15-year warranty on mattresses sold outside of the United States. However, as we have only been selling mattresses in significant quantities since 1992, and have released new products in recent years, many are fairly early in their product life cycles. We also provide 2-year to 3-year warranties on pillows. Because our products have not been in use by our customers for the full warranty period, we rely on the combination of historical experience and product testing for the development of our estimate for warranty claims. However, our actual level of warranty claims could prove to be greater than the level of warranty claims we estimated based on our products’ performance during product testing. If our warranty reserves are not adequate to cover future warranty claims, their inadequacy could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and profitability.
We are subject to risks from our international operations, such as increased costs and the potential absence of intellectual property protection, which could impair our ability to compete and our profitability.
We currently conduct international operations in 14 countries directly and in 46 additional countries through distributors, and we may pursue additional international opportunities. We generated approximately 37% of our Net sales from non-U.S. operations during the year ended December 31, 2004, and international suppliers provided a significant portion of our manufacturing material during this period. Our international operations are subject to the customary risks of operating in an international environment, including complying with foreign laws and regulations and the potential imposition of trade or foreign exchange restrictions, tariff and other tax increases, fluctuations in exchange rates, inflation and unstable political situations, the potential unavailability of intellectual property protection and labor issues.
We are subject to the possible loss of our third party distributor arrangements and disruption in product distribution in markets outside the range of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, which would reduce our sales and profitability.
We have third party distributor arrangements in the Asia/Pacific, Middle East, Eastern Europe, Central and South America, Canada and Mexico markets that are currently outside the range of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. Most of these arrangements provide for exclusive rights for such distributors in a designated territory. If our third party distributors cease distributing our products, sales of our products may be adversely
affected because we may not be able to find replacement third party distributors or negotiate arrangements with such replacement third party distributors that are as favorable to us. In addition, under the laws of the applicable countries, we may have difficulty terminating these third party distributor arrangements if we choose to do so.
Our advertising expenditures may not result in increased sales or generate the levels of product and brand name awareness we desire and we may not be able to manage our advertising expenditures on a cost-effective basis.
A significant component of our marketing strategy involves the use of direct marketing to generate sales. Future growth and profitability will depend in part on the effectiveness and efficiency of our advertising expenditures, including our ability to:
•
create greater awareness of our products and brand name;
•
determine the appropriate creative message and media mix for future advertising expenditures;
•
effectively manage advertising costs, including creative and media, to maintain acceptable costs per inquiry, costs per order and operating margins; and
•
convert inquiries into actual orders.
If we are not able to protect our trade secrets or maintain our trademarks, patents and other intellectual property, we may not be able to prevent competitors from developing similar products or from marketing in a manner that capitalizes on our trademarks, and this loss of a competitive advantage could decrease our profitability and liquidity.
We rely on trade secrets to protect the design, technology and function of our visco-elastic material and our products. To date, we have not sought United States or international patent protection for our principal product formula and manufacturing processes. Accordingly, we may not be able to prevent others from developing visco-elastic material and products that are similar to or competitive with our products. Our ability to compete effectively with other companies also depends, to a significant extent, on our ability to maintain the proprietary nature of our owned and licensed intellectual property. We own several patents on aspects of our products and have patent applications pending on aspects of our manufacturing processes. However, the principal product formula and manufacturing processes for our visco-elastic material and our products are not patented. We own 10 United States patents, and we have 9 United States patent applications pending. Further, we own approximately 42 foreign patents, and we have approximately 21 foreign patent applications pending. In addition, we hold approximately 143 trademark registrations worldwide. We own United States and foreign registered trade names and service marks and have applications for the registration of trade names and service marks pending domestically and abroad. We also license certain intellectual property rights from third parties.
Although our trademarks are currently registered in the United States and registered or pending in 51 foreign countries, they could be circumvented, or violate the proprietary rights of others, or we could be prevented from using them if challenged. A challenge to our use of our trademarks could result in a negative ruling regarding our use of our trademarks, their validity or their enforceability, or could prove expensive and time consuming in terms of legal costs and time spent defending against it. Any loss of trademark protection could result in a decrease in sales or cause us to spend additional amounts on marketing, either of which could decrease our liquidity and profitability. In addition, if we incur significant costs defending our trademarks that could also decrease our liquidity and profitability. In addition, we may not have the financial resources necessary to enforce or defend our trademarks. Furthermore, our patents may not provide meaningful protection and patents may never be issued for our pending patent applications. It is also possible that others could bring claims of infringement against us, as our principal product formula and manufacturing processes are not patented, and that any licenses protecting our intellectual property could be terminated. If we were unable to maintain the proprietary nature of our intellectual property and our significant current or proposed products, this loss of a competitive advantage could result in decreased sales or increased operating costs, either of which would decrease our liquidity and profitability.
In addition, the laws of certain foreign countries may not protect our intellectual property rights and confidential information to the same extent as the laws of the United States or the European Union. Third parties, including competitors, may assert intellectual property infringement or invalidity claims against us that could be upheld. Intellectual property litigation, which could result in substantial cost to and diversion of effort by us, may be necessary to protect our trade secrets or proprietary technology or for us to defend against claimed infringement of the rights of others and to determine the scope and validity of others’ proprietary rights. We may not prevail in any such litigation, and if we are unsuccessful, we may not be able to obtain any necessary licenses on reasonable terms or at all.
Because we depend on our significant customers, a decrease or interruption in their business with us would reduce our sales and profitability.
Our top five customers, collectively, accounted for 13% of our Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2004. During this period, our largest customer accounted for 6% of our Net sales. Many of our customer arrangements are by purchase order or are terminable at will at the option of either party. A substantial decrease or interruption in business from our significant customers could result in write-offs or in the loss of future business and could reduce our liquidity and profitability.
In the future, retailers may consolidate, undergo restructurings or reorganizations, or realign their affiliations, any of which could decrease the number of stores that carry our products or increase the ownership concentration in the retail industry. Some of these retailers may decide to carry only a limited number of brands of mattress products, which could affect our ability to sell our products to them on favorable terms, if at all. Our loss of significant customers would impair our sales and profitability and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to fluctuations in the cost of raw materials, and increases in these costs would reduce our liquidity and profitability.
The major raw materials that we purchase for production are polyol, an industrial commodity based on petroleum, and proprietary additives. The price and availability of these raw materials are subject to market conditions affecting supply and demand. Our financial condition or results of operations may be materially and adversely affected by increases in raw material costs to the extent we are unable to pass those higher costs to our customers.
Loss of suppliers and disruptions in the supply of our raw materials could increase our costs of production and reduce our ability to compete effectively.
We currently obtain all of the materials used to produce our visco-elastic material from outside sources. We currently acquire almost all of our polyol from two suppliers with multiple manufacturing facilities. If we were unable to obtain polyol from these suppliers, we would have to find replacement suppliers. Any substitute arrangements for polyol might not be on terms as favorable to us. In addition, we purchase proprietary additives from a number of vendors. We may not be able to prevent an interruption of production if any supplier were to discontinue supplying us for any reason. We maintain relatively small supplies of our raw materials on-site, and any disruption in the on-going shipment of supplies to us could interrupt production of our products, which could result in a decrease of our sales, or could cause an increase in our cost of sales, and either of these results could decrease our liquidity and profitability. In addition, we outsource much of the sewing and cutting of our mattress and pillow covers to Poland and the Ukraine. If we were no longer able to outsource this labor, we could source it elsewhere at a higher cost. To the extent we are unable to pass those higher costs to our customers, those costs could reduce our gross profit margin, which could result in a decrease in our liquidity and profitability.
We may be adversely affected by fluctuations in exchange rates, which could affect our results of operations, the costs of our products and our ability to sell our products in foreign markets.
Approximately 37% of our Net sales were received or denominated in foreign currency for the year ended December 31, 2004. We have costs and revenues denominated in many currencies, and accordingly, as a result of currency fluctuations against the U.S. Dollar, our results of operations could be adversely impacted when these foreign costs and revenues are translated into U.S. Dollars for financial reporting purposes. In addition, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk with respect to changes in value of certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, primarily with respect to our Denmark manufacturing operations. Although we have in the past entered into hedging transactions to manage this risk and expect that we will continue to do so in the future, the hedging transactions may not succeed in managing our foreign currency exchange rate risk. See “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk-Foreign Currency Exposures” under Part II of this report. Our outlook assumes no significant changes in currency values from current rates. Should currency rates change sharply, our results could be negatively impacted.
For the purposes of financial reporting, any change in the value of foreign currency against the United States Dollar during a given financial reporting period would result in a foreign exchange gain or loss on the translation of any United States Dollar-denominated debt into such foreign currency. We do not enter into hedging transactions to hedge this risk. Consequently, our reported earnings and financial position debt could fluctuate materially as a result of foreign exchange gains or losses. See “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk-Foreign Currency Exposures” under Part II of this report.
We produce all of our products in two manufacturing facilities and have commenced construction on a third manufacturing facility, and unexpected equipment failures, delays in deliveries, catastrophic loss or construction delays may lead to production curtailments or shutdowns.
We manufacture all of our products at our two facilities in Aarup, Denmark and Duffield, Virginia. An interruption in production capabilities at these plants as a result of equipment failure could result in our inability to produce our products, which would reduce our sales and earnings for the affected period. In addition, we generally deliver our products only after receiving the order from the customer or the retailer and thus do not hold large inventories. In the event of a stoppage in production at either of our manufacturing facilities, even if only temporary, or if we experience delays as a result of events that are beyond our control, delivery times could be severely affected. For example, our third party carrier could potentially be unable to deliver our products within acceptable time periods due to a labor strike or other disturbance in its business. Any significant delay in deliveries to our customers could lead to increased returns or cancellations and cause us to lose future sales. Any increase in freight charges could increase our costs of doing business and harm our profitability. We have introduced new distribution programs to increase our ability to deliver products on a timely basis, but if we fail to deliver products on a timely basis, we may lose sales which could decrease our liquidity and profitability. Our manufacturing facilities are also subject to the risk of catastrophic loss due to unanticipated events such as fires, explosions or violent weather conditions. We may in the future experience material plant shutdowns or periods of reduced production as a result of equipment failure, delays in deliveries or catastrophic loss.
In September 2004, we commenced construction on our third manufacturing facility, located in Albuquerque, New Mexico. This facility is currently expected to require capital expenditures of approximately $90.0 million and to be completed by the second quarter of 2006. If construction of this manufacturing facility is delayed, we may not have the manufacturing capacity necessary to meet anticipated future demand for our products. In addition, if our capital expenditures exceed our estimates, our liquidity and profitability could be impaired.
A deterioration in labor relations could disrupt our business operations and increase our costs, which could decrease our liquidity and profitability.
As of December 31, 2004, we had approximately 1,300 full-time employees, with approximately 600 in the United States, 300 in Denmark and 400 in the rest of the world. The employees in Denmark are under a government labor union contract, but those in the United States are not. Any significant increase in our labor costs could decrease our liquidity and profitability and any deterioration of employee relations, slowdowns or work stoppages at any of our locations, whether due to union activities, employee turnover or otherwise, could result in a decrease in our Net sales or an increase in our costs, either of which could decrease our liquidity and profitability.
The loss of the services of any members of our senior management team could impair our ability to execute our business strategy and as a result, reduce our sales and profitability.
We depend on the continued services of our senior management team. The loss of such key personnel could have a material adverse effect on our ability to execute our business strategy and on our financial condition and results of operations. We do not maintain key-person insurance for members of our senior management team other than Robert B. Trussell, Jr. We may have difficulty replacing members of our senior management team who leave and, therefore, the loss of the services of any of these individuals could harm our business.
Our leverage limits our flexibility and increases our risk of default.
As of December 31, 2004, we had $289.7 million in Long-term debt outstanding. In addition, as of December 31, 2004, our Stockholders’ Equity was $213.6 million. Our high degree of leverage could have important consequences to our investors, such as:
•
limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industries in which we compete and increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
•
limiting our ability to obtain in the future additional financing we may need to fund future working capital, capital expenditures, product development, acquisitions or other corporate requirements;
•
requiring the dedication of a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to the payment of principal and interest on our debt, which will reduce the availability of cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures, product development, acquisitions and other corporate requirements; and
•
placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to competitors who are less leveraged and have greater financial and other resources.
In addition, the instruments governing our debt contain financial and other restrictive covenants, which limit our operating flexibility and could prevent us from taking advantage of business opportunities. In addition, our failure to comply with these covenants may result in an event of default. If such event of default is not cured or waived, we may suffer adverse effects on our operations, business or financial condition, including acceleration of our debt.
Our ability to meet our debt obligations and to reduce our indebtedness will depend on our future performance, which depends partly on general economic conditions and financial, business, political and other factors that are beyond our control. We may not be able to continue to generate cash flow from operations at or above current levels and meet our cash interest payments on all of our debt and other liquidity needs. If our cash flow and capital resources are insufficient to allow us to make scheduled payments on our 10 1/4% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2010 (Senior Subordinated Notes) or our other debt, we may have to sell assets, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance our debt. We may not be able to pay or refinance our debt on acceptable terms or at all. Our ability to refinance all or a portion of our debt or to obtain additional financing is substantially limited under the terms of the indenture governing the Senior Subordinated Notes and our amended
senior credit facility (Senior Credit Facility). Under the terms of our debt instruments, we and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future, which would exacerbate the risks associated with our substantial leverage.
If our business plans change or if general economic, financial or political conditions in any of our markets or competitive practices in our industry change materially from those currently prevailing or from those now anticipated, or if other presently unexpected circumstances arise that have a material effect on the cash flow or profitability of our business, the anticipated cash needs of our business as well as the conclusions as to the adequacy of the available sources could change significantly. Any of these events or circumstances could involve significant additional funding needs in excess of the identified currently available sources, and could require us to raise additional capital to meet those needs. However, our ability to raise additional capital, if necessary, is subject to a variety of additional factors, including the commercial success of our operations, the volatility and demand of the capital and lending markets and the future market prices of our securities.
We are vulnerable to interest rate risk with respect to our debt, which could lead to an increase in interest expense.
We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our issuance of variable rate debt under our Senior Credit Facility. Interest rate changes could increase the amount of our interest payments and thus, negatively impact our future earnings and cash flows. We estimate that our annual interest expense on our floating rate indebtedness would increase by $1.9 million for each 1% increase in interest rates until IBOR reaches 5%. After IBOR reaches 5% our annual interest expense on the unhedged portion of our floating rate indebtedness would increase by $1.3 million for each 1% increase in interest rates. See “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk-Interest Rate Risk” under Part II of this report.
Our stock price is likely to continue to be volatile, your investment could decline in value, and we may incur significant costs from class action litigation.
The trading price of our common stock is likely to continue to be volatile and subject to wide price fluctuations. Further, our common stock has a limited trading history. The trading price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to various factors, including:
•
actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly operating results, including those resulting from seasonal variations in our business;
•
introductions or announcements of technological innovations or new products by us or our competitors;
•
disputes or other developments relating to proprietary rights, including patents, litigation matters, and our ability to patent our products and technologies;
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changes in our financial estimates by securities analysts;
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conditions or trends in the specialty bedding industry;
•
additions or departures of key personnel;
•
announcements by us or our competitors of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments;
•
announcements by our competitors of their quarterly operating results or announcements by our competitors of their views on trends in the bedding industry;
•
regulatory developments in the United States and abroad; and
•
economic and political factors.
In addition, the stock market in general has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to operating performance. These broad market factors may seriously
harm the market price of our common stock, regardless of our operating performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted. A securities class action suit against us could result in potential liabilities, substantial costs, and the diversion of our management’s attention and resources, regardless of the outcome.
Future sales of our common stock may depress our stock price.
The market price of our common stock could decline as a result of sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur. In addition, these factors could make it more difficult for us to raise funds through future offerings of common stock. As of March 4, 2005, there were 98,481,480 shares of our common stock outstanding. All of our shares of our common stock are freely transferable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, except for certain shares of our common stock which were purchased by our executive officers, directors, principal stockholders, and some related parties.
In addition, on December 24, 2003, we registered up to 14,982,532 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of options granted or reserved for grant under our 2002 Stock Option Plan, our 2003 Equity Incentive Plan and our 2003 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Stockholders can sell these shares in the public market upon issuance, subject to restrictions under the securities laws and any applicable lock-up agreements.
At December 31, 2004, TA Associates, Inc. (TA) and Friedman Fleischer & Lowe, LLC (FFL) owned approximately 49% of our fully-diluted common stock, after giving effect to the vesting of all outstanding options. At December 31, 2004, the management team and certain key employees owned approximately 8% of our common equity on a fully-diluted basis, after giving effect to the vesting of all outstanding options. A number of these shares may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 or Rule 701 of the Securities Act. The issuance of shares underlying options issued under our 2002 Stock Option Plan, 2003 Equity Incentive Plan and 2003 Employee Stock Purchase Plan was registered under a registration statement on Form S-8, and these shares may be resold without restriction unless held by an affiliate, in which case they can be sold pursuant to Rule 144. In addition, TA and FFL and certain other parties to a registration rights agreement have the right, subject to certain conditions, to require us to register or include their shares under a registration statement.
Our current principal stockholders own a large percentage of our common stock and could limit you from influencing corporate decisions.
As of December 31, 2004, our executive officers, directors, current principal stockholders, and their respective affiliates beneficially own, in the aggregate, approximately 57% of our outstanding common stock on a fully diluted basis, after giving effect to the vesting of all unvested options. These stockholders, as a group, are able to control substantially all matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including mergers, sales of assets, the election of all directors, and approval of other significant corporate transactions, in a manner with which you may not agree or that may not be in your best interest.
Provisions of Delaware law and our charter documents could delay or prevent an acquisition of us, even if the acquisition would be beneficial to you.
Provisions of Delaware law and our certificate of incorporation and by-laws could hamper a third party’s acquisition of us, or discourage a third party from attempting to acquire control of us. You may not have the opportunity to participate in these transactions. These provisions could also limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.
These provisions include:
•
our ability to issue preferred stock with rights senior to those of the common stock without any further vote or action by the holders of our common stock;
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the requirements that our stockholders provide advance notice when nominating our directors; and
•
the inability of our stockholders to convene a stockholders’ meeting without the chairperson of the board, the president, or a majority of the board of directors first calling the meeting.
We do not anticipate paying dividends on our capital stock in the foreseeable future.
We do not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain our future earnings, if any, to fund the development and growth of our business. In addition, the terms of the instruments governing our existing debt and any future debt or credit facility may preclude us from paying any dividends.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
We operate in 60 countries and have wholly-owned subsidiaries in 14 countries, including our wholly-owned subsidiaries that own our manufacturing facilities in Denmark and Virginia. The following table sets forth certain information regarding our principal facilities at December 31, 2004.
We believe that our existing properties, which have been substantially used by us, are suitable for the conduct of our business. We believe that our existing properties are adequate for our present needs and, along with the manufacturing facility we are constructing in Albuquerque, New Mexico, will be adequate to meet our future needs. As described in Item 7. Management’s Analysis and Discussion of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, we operate in two business segments, Domestic and International. Our Domestic operating segment consists of our United States manufacturing facilities and our Corporate office operating expenses. Our International operating segment consists of our manufacturing facility in Denmark.
Name/Location
Approximate
Square
Footage
Title
Type of Facility
Tempur Production USA, Inc.
Duffield, Virginia
540,000
Owned
Manufacturing
Tempur Production USA, Inc.
Albuquerque, New Mexico
Under
Construction
Owned
Manufacturing
Dan-Foam ApS
Aarup, Denmark
517,000
Owned
Manufacturing
Tempur-Pedic, Inc.
Lexington, Kentucky
72,000
Leased (until 2009)
Office and Warehouse
Tempur UK Ltd.
Tempur House
Middlesex, UB3 1BE, United Kingdom
56,650
Leased (until 2010 with a
cancellation option in 2007)
Office and Warehouse
Tempur Deutschland GmbH
Steinhagen, Germany
121,277
Owned
Office and Warehouse
We have additional facilities in 17 locations in 13 countries under leases with one to ten year terms.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are involved in various legal proceedings incident to the ordinary course of our business. We believe that the outcome of all pending legal proceedings in the aggregate will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, liquidity or operating results.
ITEM 4.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of 2004.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Certain information concerning our executive officers as of the date of this report follows. There are no family relationships between any of the persons listed below, or between any of such persons and any of our directors or any persons nominated or chosen by us to become a director or executive officer.
Name
Age
Position
Robert B. Trussell, Jr.
Chief Executive Officer
H. Thomas Bryant
President
David Montgomery
Executive Vice President and President of International Operations
Matthew D. Clift
Executive Vice President of Global Operations
Dale E. Williams
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer
David C. Fogg
Senior Vice President of Tempur-Pedic International and President of Tempur-Pedic, Inc. Retail Division.
Jeffrey B. Johnson
Vice President, Corporate Controller, Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Secretary
Robert B. Trussell, Jr. is the Chief Executive Officer of Tempur-Pedic International and a member of Tempur-Pedic International’s board of directors. He has served in this capacity at Tempur-Pedic International or its predecessor since 2000, and from 2000 to December 2004, Mr. Trussell served as Tempur-Pedic International President. From 1992 to 2000, Mr. Trussell served as President of Tempur-Pedic, Inc., one of the predecessors to Tempur-Pedic International. Prior to joining Tempur-Pedic International, Mr. Trussell was general partner of several racing limited partnerships that owned racehorses in England, France and the United States. He was also the owner of several start-up businesses in the equine lending and insurance business. Mr. Trussell received his B.S. degree from Marquette University.
H. Thomas Bryant joined Tempur-Pedic International in July 2001. From July 2001 to December 2004, Mr. Bryant served as Executive Vice President and President of North American Operations. In December 2004, Mr. Bryant was promoted to President of Tempur-Pedic International. Prior to joining Tempur-Pedic International, from 1998 to 2001, Mr. Bryant was the President and Chief Executive Officer of Stairmaster Sports & Medical Products, Inc. From 1989 to 1997, Mr. Bryant served in various senior management positions at Dunlop Maxfli Sports Corporation, most recently as President. Prior to that, Mr. Bryant spent 15 years in various management positions at Johnson & Johnson. Mr. Bryant received his B.S. degree from Georgia Southern University.
David Montgomery joined Tempur-Pedic International in February 2003 and serves as Executive Vice President and President of International Operations, with responsibilities including marketing and sales. From 2001 to November 2002, Mr. Montgomery was employed by Rubbermaid, Inc., where he served as President of Rubbermaid Europe. From 1988 to 2001, Mr. Montgomery held various management positions at Black & Decker Corporation, most recently as Vice President of Black & Decker Europe, Middle East and Africa. Mr. Montgomery received his B.A. degree, with honors, from L’ Ecole Superieure de Commerce de Reims, France and Middlesex Polytechnic, London.
Matthew D. Clift joined Tempur-Pedic International in December 2004 and serves as Executive Vice President of Global Operations, with responsibilities including manufacturing and research and development. From 1991 to December 2004, Mr. Clift was employed by Lexmark International where he most recently served as Vice President and General Manager of the consumer printer division. From 1981 to 1991, Mr. Clift was employed by IBM Corporation and held several management positions in research and development and manufacturing. Mr. Clift obtained his B.S. degree in chemical engineering from the University of Kentucky.
Dale E. Williams joined Tempur-Pedic International in July 2003 and serves as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. From 2001 to September 2002, Mr. Williams served as Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer of Honeywell Control Products, a division of Honeywell International, Inc. From September 2002, when he left Honeywell in connection with a reorganization, to July 2003, Mr. Williams received severance from Honeywell and was not employed. From 2000 to 2001, Mr. Williams served as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Saga Systems, Inc./Software AG, Inc. Prior to that, Mr. Williams spent 15 years in various management positions at General Electric Company, most recently as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of GE Information Services, Inc. Mr. Williams received his B.A. degree in finance from Indiana University.
David C. Fogg has served as a Senior Vice President and President of our North American Retail Division since 2001, and has been employed with Tempur-Pedic International or its predecessor, since 1995. Prior to that, Mr. Fogg was Vice President of International Sales at Occidental Petroleum’s Island Creek Coal Company. Mr. Fogg’s professional activities include participation in the International Sleep Products Association (ISPA) Board of Trustees, Better Sleep Council Board and Strategic Planning Committee. Mr. Fogg received his B.A. degree from Pomona College located in Claremont, California.
Jeffrey B. Johnson joined Tempur-Pedic International in November 1999 and serves as Vice President, Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer. From 1993 to 1999, Mr. Johnson was an experienced manager at Arthur Andersen in the audit and business advisory services division. Mr. Johnson is a certified public accountant and a certified management accountant and holds a B.S. degree, with honors, from the University of Kentucky and an M.B.A. degree, with honors, from the University of Chicago.
PART II
ITEM 5.
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our sole class of common equity is our $0.01 par value common stock, which is trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol “TPX.” Trading in our common stock commenced on the NYSE on December 18, 2003. Prior to that time, there was no public trading market for our common stock. As of March 4, 2005, there were 103 shareholders of record of our common stock.
The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices per share of our common stock as reported by the NYSE for the fiscal periods indicated.
In connection with our recapitalization in August 2003, we distributed approximately $160.0 million to our equityholders as a return of capital. Aside from this distribution, we have not declared or paid any dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain our future earnings, if any, to support the growth and development of our business, and we do not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.
The Securities and Exchange Commission declared our first registration statement, which we filed on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-109798) under the Securities Act of 1933 in connection with the initial public offering of our common stock, effective on December 17, 2003.
Our initial public offering was completed on December 23, 2003, at a price to the public of $14.00 per share, with an aggregate offering price of $301.9 million. The sale of shares of common stock by us resulted in gross proceeds of $87.5 million, $5.7 million of which we applied to underwriting discounts and commissions and approximately $2.8 million of which we applied to other offering expenses. As a result, we received net proceeds of approximately $79.0 million.
As of December 31, 2004, we used the net proceeds of this offering as follows:
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approximately $18.7 million to repay existing debt under our Senior Credit Facility;
•
approximately $52.5 million to redeem 35% of our outstanding Senior Subordinated Notes in January 2004;
•
approximately $5.4 million to pay the prepayment penalty associated with the redemption of our Senior Suboridinated Notes in January 2004; and
•
approximately $2.4 million to pay interest related to our Senior Subordinated Notes at the time of redemption.
The information under the section entitled “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 6.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table sets forth our selected historical consolidated financial and operating data for the periods indicated. Tempur World, Inc. was formed on January 1, 2000 to combine the manufacturing facilities
and the worldwide distribution capabilities of all Tempur products, and our predecessor company for the period from January 1, 2000 to October 31, 2002 is Tempur World, Inc. Tempur-Pedic International was formed in 2002 by TA and FFL to acquire Tempur World, Inc., or Tempur World. This acquisition occurred effective November 1, 2002 and is sometimes referred to herein as the “Tempur acquisition”. We completed the Tempur acquisition (which we accounted for using the purchase method of accounting) as of November 1, 2002. As a result of adjustments to the carrying value of assets and liabilities pursuant to the acquisition, the financial position and results of operations for periods subsequent to the Tempur acquisition are not comparable to those of our predecessor.
We have derived our statements of income and balance sheet data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, and for the two months ended December 31, 2002 from our audited financial statements. We have derived the statement of income and balance sheet data as of and for the ten months ended October 31, 2002, the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2000 from the audited financial statements of our predecessor company. Our financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the two months ended December 31, 2002, and our predecessor company’s financial statements for the ten months ended October 31, 2002 are included elsewhere in this report.
(1) Includes $9.8 million in non-cash charges for the two months ended December 31, 2002 relating to the step-up in inventory as of November 1, 2002 relating to the Tempur acquisition.
(2) Includes $9.4 million and $9.3 million in non-cash charges for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003. These amounts are comprised of $4.2 million and $5.1 million in amortization of definite-lived intangibles in 2004 and 2003, and $5.2 million and $4.2 million in non-cash stock-based compensation expense relating to stock option grants and acceleration in 2004 and 2003.
(3) Includes $5.4 million in debt extinguishment charges for the redemption premium related to the redemption of $52.5 million of Senior Subordinated Notes for the year ended December 31, 2004. For the year ended December 31, 2003, includes $13.7 million in debt extinguishment charges relating to the write-off of deferred financing fees, the write-off of original issue discount and prepayment penalties in connection with the Recapitalization in August 2003.
(4) As of December 31, 2003, we had approximately $60.2 million in restricted cash for the redemption of an aggregate principal amount of $52.5 million of Senior Subordinated Notes, the payment of a redemption premium of approximately $5.4 million and accrued interest expense of approximately $2.4 million which was paid in January 2004.
(5) Includes $52.5 million in aggregate principal amount of Senior Subordinated Notes redeemed on January 23, 2004 for the year ended December 31, 2003.
(6) The ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the period from November 1, 2002 to December 31, 2002 is less than one to one. Earnings deficiency for this period is $5.4 million.
(7) Number of units sold, net is after the consideration of returned mattresses and pillows and excludes units shipped to fulfill warranty claims and promotional activities.
ITEM 7.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with “Selected Financial Data” and the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto included elsewhere in this report. Unless otherwise noted, all of the financial information in this report is consolidated financial information for Tempur-Pedic International Inc. or its predecessor. The forward-looking statements in this discussion regarding the mattress and pillow industries, our expectations regarding our future performance, liquidity and capital resources and other non-historical statements in this discussion are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties. See “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Part I-Item 1. Business-Risk Factors.” Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.
Executive Overview
General-We are a rapidly growing and market leading, vertically-integrated manufacturer, marketer and distributor of premium mattresses and pillows that we sell globally in 60 countries primarily under the TEMPUR® and Tempur-Pedic® brands. We believe our premium mattresses and pillows are more comfortable than standard bedding products because our proprietary visco-elastic pressure relieving material is temperature sensitive, has a high density and conforms to the body to therapeutically align the neck and spine, thus reducing neck and lower back pain, two of the most common complaints about other sleep surfaces.
Tempur-Pedic International was formed in 2002 by TA and FFL to acquire Tempur World, Inc., or Tempur World. This acquisition occurred effective November 1, 2002 and we sometimes refer to this below as the “Tempur acquisition.” The financial information for the periods prior to November 1, 2002 are based on the financial information for Tempur World and its consolidated subsidiaries, which we sometimes collectively refer to as our “predecessor company.” For purposes of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, “we,” “our,” “ours” and “us” refer to Tempur-Pedic International and its consolidated subsidiaries for the period from and after November 1, 2002 and refer to our predecessor company for periods prior to November 1, 2002.
On December 23, 2003, Tempur-Pedic International closed its initial public offering of 21,562,500 shares of its common stock at an initial offering price of $14.00 per share. Of the 21,562,500 shares offered, the Company sold 6,250,000 shares and certain of the Company’s stockholders sold a total of 15,312,500 shares, which included the exercise in full of the underwriters’ overallotment option.
On November 23, 2004, the Company closed a secondary offering of 14,950,000 shares of its common stock, including the subsequent exercise in full of the underwriters’ overallotment option, at an offering price of $18.96 per share. All shares were sold by certain of the Company’s stockholders pursuant to the terms of the registration rights agreement entered into in November 2002 in connection with the Tempur acquisition. The Company incurred $0.9 million in expenses associated with this offering.
Business Segment Information-We have two operating business segments: Domestic and International. These reportable segments are strategic business units that are managed separately.
The Domestic operating segment consists of our United States manufacturing facility, which commenced operations in July 2001 and whose customers include our United States distribution subsidiary and certain North American third party distributors. The International segment consists of our manufacturing facility in Denmark, whose customers include all of our distribution subsidiaries and third party distributors outside the Domestic segment. We evaluate segment performance based on Net sales and Operating income. For the purpose of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, our Corporate office operating expenses and certain amounts for goodwill and other assets that are carried at the holding company level are included in the Domestic operating segment.
Economic and Industry Trends-The International Sleep Products Association (ISPA) estimates that the United States wholesale market for mattresses and foundations in 2004 was approximately $5.6 billion. We believe the international mattress market is generally the same size as the domestic mattress market. According to ISPA, from 1991 to 2004, mattress unit sales grew in the United States at an average of approximately 500,000 units annually, with approximately 22.5 million mattress units sold in the United States in 2004, although annual sales decreased during the 2000 to 2002 period. We believe a similar number of mattress units were sold outside the United States in 2004. ISPA further estimates that approximately 20% of those mattress units were sold at retail price points greater than $1,000, which is the premium segment of the market we target and which we believe is the fastest growing segment in the industry.
Strategy and Outlook
Our long-term goal is to become the world’s largest bedding company. In order to achieve this goal, we expect to continue to pursue certain key strategies in 2005:
•
We currently intend to maintain our focus primarily on premium mattresses and pillows and to regularly introduce new products. In 2005, we expect to introduce a futon product for the Japanese market and at least one new mattress in Europe and one new mattress in the U.S.
•
We plan to continue to invest in increasing our global brand awareness through targeted marking and advertising campaigns that further associate our brand name with better overall sleep and premium quality products.
•
We plan to continue to extend our presence in furniture and bedding retail stores in both the U.S. and internationally.
•
We plan to continue to invest in our operating infrastructure to meet the requirements of our rapidly-growing business, including increases in our manufacturing capacity and our research and development capacity.
Factors That May Affect Future Performance
Managing Rapid Growth-We have grown rapidly, with our Net sales increasing from $221.5 million in 2001 to $684.9 million for 2004. Our growth has placed, and will continue to place, a strain on our management, production, product distribution network, information systems and other resources. In response to these challenges, management has continued to invest in increased production capacity, enhanced operating and financial infrastructure and systems and continued to expand the employee base in our operations. Our expenditures for advertising and other marketing-related activities are made as advertising rates are favorable to us and as the continued growth in the business allows us the ability to invest in building our brand.
Competition-Participants in the mattress and pillow industries compete primarily on price, quality, brand name recognition, product availability and product performance. We compete with a number of different types of mattress alternatives, including standard innerspring mattresses, other foam mattresses, waterbeds, futons, air beds and other air-supported mattresses. These alternative products are sold through a variety of channels, including furniture stores, specialty bedding stores, department stores, mass merchants, wholesale clubs, telemarketing programs, television infomercials and catalogs.
Our largest competitors have significant financial, marketing and manufacturing resources and strong brand name recognition, and sell their products through broad and well established distribution channels. Additionally, we believe that a number of our significant competitors now offer mattress products claimed to be similar to our visco-elastic mattresses and pillows. We are susceptible to competition from lower priced product offerings. We provide strong channel profits to our retailers and distributors which management believes will continue to provide an attractive business model for our retailers and discourage them from carrying competing lower-priced products.
Significant Growth Opportunities-We currently sell our products in approximately 4,100 furniture retail stores in the United States, out of a total of approximately 9,000 stores we have identified as appropriate targets. We also sell products in approximately 3,300 furniture retail stores outside the United States, out of a total of approximately 7,000 stores that management has identified as appropriate targets. In addition, we have a significant installed pillow base in our Asia market that we believe creates an opportunity to develop a successful mattress market. We are continuing to develop products that are responsive to consumer demand in our markets internationally.
We are also continuing to expand our direct response business in Europe, based on our direct response businesses in the United States and in the United Kingdom, to reach a greater number of consumers and increase our brand awareness.
In addition to these growth opportunities, management believes that we currently supply only a small percentage of approximately 15,400 nursing homes and 5,000 hospitals in the U.S., with a collective bed count in excess of 2.7 million. Clinical evidence indicates that our products are both effective and cost efficient for the prevention and treatment of decubitis, or bed sores, a major problem for elderly and bed-ridden patients. A change in the U.S. Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement policies toward prevention of bed sores and away from treatment could expand our growth potential in this market. During the fourth quarter of 2004, we hired a new president for Tempur-Pedic Medical, Inc.
Financial Leverage-As of December 31, 2004, we had $289.7 million of Long-term debt outstanding, and our Stockholders’ Equity was $213.6 million. Higher financial leverage makes us more vulnerable to general adverse competitive, economic and industry conditions. We believe that operating margins combined with the inherent operating leverage in the business will enable us to continue de-leveraging the business in a manner consistent with historical experience. There can be no assurance, however, that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available under our Senior Credit Facility, or otherwise, to enable us to continue to de-leverage the business.
Exchange Rates-We have costs and revenues denominated in many currencies, and accordingly, as a result of currency fluctuations against the U.S. Dollar, our results of operations could be adversely impacted when these foreign costs and revenues are translated into U.S. Dollars for financial reporting purposes. In addition, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk with respect to changes in value of certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, primarily with respect to our Denmark manufacturing operations. Our outlook assumes no significant changes in currency values from current rates. Should currency rates change sharply, our results could be negatively impacted.
Although we have in the past entered into hedging transactions to manage this risk and expect that we will continue to do so in the future, the hedging transactions may not succeed in managing our foreign currency exchange rate risk. See “Item 7A.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Foreign Currency Exposures
Our earnings, as a result of our global operating and financing activities, are exposed to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, which may adversely affect our results of operations and financial position. A sensitivity analysis indicates that if the exchange rate of the United States Dollar to foreign currency at December 31, 2004 increased by 10%, we would incur losses of approximately $0.9 million on foreign currency forward contracts outstanding at December 31, 2004. Such losses would be largely offset by gains from the revaluation or settlement of the underlying positions economically hedged. This calculation assumes that each exchange rate would change in the same direction relative to the United States Dollar.
Within the normal course of business, we use derivative financial instruments principally to manage the exposure to changes in the value of certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities of our Denmark manufacturing operations. Gains and losses are recognized currently in the results of operations and are generally offset by losses and gains on the underlying assets and liabilities being hedged. Gains and losses on these contracts generally offset losses and gains on our foreign currency receivables and foreign currency debt. We do not hedge the effects of foreign exchange rates fluctuations on the translation of its foreign results of operations or financial position, nor do we hedge exposure related to anticipated transactions.
We do not apply hedge accounting to the foreign currency forward contracts used to offset currency-related changes in the fair value of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. These contracts are marked-to-market through earnings at the same time that the exposed assets and liabilities are re-measured through earnings. Our currency forward contracts are denominated in United States Dollars, British Pound Sterling and Japanese Yen, each against the Danish Krone.
Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to changes in interest rates. All of our indebtedness under our Senior Credit Facility is variable rate debt. Interest rate changes therefore generally do not affect the market value of such debt but do impact the amount of our interest payments and therefore, our future earnings and cash flows, assuming other factors are held constant. On December 31, 2004, we had variable rate debt of approximately $190.2 million. Holding other variables constant including levels of indebtedness, a one hundred basis point increase in interest rates on our variable rate debt would have an estimated impact on income before income taxes for the next year of approximately $1.9 million. We are required under the terms of our Senior Credit Facility, to have at least $60.0 million of our total indebtedness subject to either a fixed interest rate or interest rate protection for a period of not less than three years within 60 days from the date of the closing of the recapitalization.
In January 2003, we paid a premium to purchase two three-year interest rate caps for the purpose of protecting $60.0 million of the existing variable interest rate debt outstanding, at any given time, against LIBOR rates rising above 5%. Under the terms of the interest rate caps, we have paid a premium to receive payments based on the difference between 3-month LIBOR and 5% during any period in which the 3-month LIBOR rate exceeds 5%. The interest rate caps settle on the last day of March, June, September and December until expiration.
As a result of entering into the interest rate caps, we have mitigated our exposure to interest rate fluctuations above the predetermined level. As the interest payments on long-term debt are based on 3-month LIBOR and we receive a payment based on the difference between the set ceiling (5%) and 3-month LIBOR from the interest rate cap counter-party, we have eliminated any impact to rising interest rates above the stated ceiling, for an amount equal to $60.0 million of our total debt outstanding.
The fair value carrying amount of these instruments for December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003 are presented below:
ITEM 8.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The financial statements required by this item are included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report and are presented beginning on page.
ITEM 9.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2004 and designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended December 31, 2004 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on our assessment and those criteria, management believes that we maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004.
Our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has issued an attestation report on management’s assessment of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004. That report appears on page 43 of this report.
ATTESTATION REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Tempur-Pedic International Inc. and Subsidiaries:
We have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying “Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting” that Tempur-Pedic International Inc. and Subsidiaries (the Company) maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, management’s assessment that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on the COSO criteria. Also, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Tempur-Pedic International Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the two months ended December 31, 2002 and the consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows of Tempur World, Inc. and Subsidiaries (Predecessor to the Company) for the ten months ended October 31, 2002 and our report dated February 25, 2005 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Louisville, Kentucky
February 25, 2005
ITEM 9B.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III
ITEM 10.
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the Code) within the meaning of Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K. The Code applies to our employees, executive officers and directors. The Code is publicly available on our website at www.tempurpedic.com/ir.
If we make substantive amendments to the Code or grant any waiver, including any implicit waiver, we will disclose the nature of such amendment or waiver on our website or in a report on Form 8-K within four business days of such amendment or waiver.
Audit Committee Financial Expert
Our board of directors has determined that at least one person serving on the Audit Committee is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined under Item 401(h) of Regulation S-K. Francis A. Doyle, the Chairman of the Audit Committee, is an “audit committee financial expert” and is independent as defined under applicable SEC and NYSE rules.
Information relating to executive officers is set forth in Part I of this report following Item 4 under the caption “Executive Officers of the Registrant.” The other information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference from our definitive proxy statement for the 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the Proxy Statement) under the sections entitled “Proposal One-Election of Directors,” “Board of Directors’ Meetings, Committees of the Board and Related Matters-Committees of the Board” and “Executive Compensation and Related Information-Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance”.
ITEM 11.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from the Proxy Statement under the sections entitled “Executive Compensation and Related Information-Compensation of Executive Officers”, “-Summary Compensation Table”, “-Options/SAR Grants in Last Fiscal Year”, “-Aggregated Options/SAR Exercises in Last Fiscal Year and FY-End Option/SAR Values”, “-Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “-Employment Arrangements, Termination of Employment Arrangements and Change in Control Arrangements” and under the section entitled “Board of Directors’ Meetings, Committees of the Board and Related Matters-Director Compensation.”
ITEM 12.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDERS
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from the Proxy Statement under the section entitled “Principal Security Ownership and Certain Beneficial Owners” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information.”
ITEM 13.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from the Proxy Statement under the section entitled “Executive Compensation and Related Information-Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.”
ITEM 14.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from the Proxy Statement under the sections entitled “Proposal Two- Ratification of Independent Auditors -Fees for Independent Auditors During Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2004” and “-Policy on Audit Committee Pre-Approval of Audit and Non-Audit Services of Independent Auditor.”
PART IV
ITEM 15.
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)
All other schedules have been omitted because they are inapplicable, not required, or the information is included elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
3. Exhibits:
The following is an index of the exhibits included in this report or incorporated herein by reference.
EXHIBIT INDEX
2.1
Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of October 4, 2002, among Fagerdala Holding B.V., Fagerdala Industri A.B., Chesterfield Properties Limited, Viking Investments S.a.r.l., Robert B. Trussell, Jr., David C. Fogg, Jeffrey P. Heath, H. Thomas Bryant, Tempur-Pedic International Inc., TWI Acquisition Corp. and Tempur World, Inc.(1)
2.2
Contribution Agreement dated as of October 4, 2002, among TA IX, L.P., TA/Advent VIII L.P., TA/Atlantic and Pacific IV, L.P., TA Strategic Partners Fund A L.P., TA Strategic Partners Fund B L.P., TA Investors LLC, Friedman Fleischer & Lowe Capital Partners, LP, FFL Executive Partners, LP, Robert B. Trussell, Jr., David C. Fogg, H. Thomas Bryant, Jeffrey P. Heath, Mrs. R.B. Trussell, Jr. and Tempur-Pedic International Inc.(1)
3.1
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Tempur-Pedic International Inc.(2)
3.2
Amended and Restated By-laws of Tempur-Pedic International Inc.(2)
4.1
Specimen certificate for shares of common stock.(2)
10.1
Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of August 26, 2004, among Tempur-Pedic, Inc., Tempur Production USA, Inc., Dan-Foam ApS, certain Credit Parties as defined therein, General Electric Capital Corporation, Lehman Commercial Paper Inc., Nordea Bank Danmark A/S, GE European Leveraged Finance Limited, HSBC Bank PLC, the Lenders as defined therein, Lehman Brothers Inc. and GECC Capital Markets Group, Inc.(3)
10.2
Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of August 15, 2003, among Tempur-Pedic, Inc., Tempur Production USA, Inc., Tempur World Holding Company ApS, Dan-Foam ApS, certain Credit Parties as defined therein, General Electric Capital Corporation, Lehman Commercial Paper Inc., Nordea Bank Danmark A/S, GE European Leveraged Finance Limited, HSBC Bank PLC, the Lenders as defined therein, Lehman Brothers Inc. and GECC Capital Markets Group, Inc.(1)
10.2.1
Amendment No. 1 and Limited Waiver to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of November 26, 2003, among Tempur-Pedic, Inc., Tempur Production USA, Inc., Tempur World Holding Company ApS, Dan-Foam ApS, certain Credit Parties as defined therein, General Electric Capital Corporation, Lehman Commercial Paper Inc., Nordea Bank Danmark A/S, GE European Leveraged Finance Limited, HSBC Bank PLC, the Lenders as defined therein, Lehman Brothers Inc. and GECC Capital Markets Group, Inc.(4)
10.2.2
Amendment No. 2 and Limited Waiver to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of January 22, 2004, among Tempur-Pedic, Inc., Tempur Production USA, Inc., Tempur World Holding Company ApS, San-Foam ApS, certain Credit Parties as defined therein, General Electric Capital Corporation, Lehman Commercial Paper Inc., Nordea Bank Danmark A/S, GE European Leveraged Finance Limited, HSBC Bank PLC, the Lenders as defined therein, Lehman Brothers Inc. and GECC Capital Markets Group, Inc.(4)
10.2.3
Amendment No. 3 and Limited Waiver to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of February 20, 2004, among Tempur-Pedic, Inc., Tempur Production USA, Inc., Tempur World Holding Company ApS, Dan-Foam ApS, certain Credit Parties as defined therein, General Electric Capital Corporation, Lehman Commercial paper Inc., Nordea Bank Danmark A/S, GE European Leveraged Finance Limited, HSBC Bank PLC, the Lenders as defined therein, Lehman Brothers Inc. and GECC Capital Markets Group, Inc.(4)
10.3
Indenture dated as of August 15, 2003, among Tempur-Pedic, Inc., Tempur Production USA, Inc., Tempur-Pedic International Inc., Tempur World, Inc., Tempur World Holdings, Inc., Tempur-Pedic, Direct Response, Inc., Tempur-Medical, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank Minnesota, National Association, as Trustee.(1)
10.3.1
Supplemental Indenture dated as of February 19, 2004, among Dawn Sleep Technologies, Inc., Tempur-Pedic, Inc., Tempur Production USA, Inc., Tempur-Pedic International Inc., Tempur World, LLC, Tempur World Holdings, LLC, Tempur-Pedic, Direct Response, Inc., Tempur-Pedic Medical, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as Trustee.(5)
10.3.2
Supplemental Indenture dated as of April 5, 2004, among Tempur-Pedic Retail, Inc., Tempur-Pedic Professional, Inc., Tempur-Pedic, Inc., Tempur Production USA, Inc., Tempur-Pedic International Inc., Tempur World, LLC, Tempur World Holdings, LLC, Tempur-Pedic, Direct Response, Inc., Tempur-Pedic Medical, Inc., Dawn Sleep Technologies, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as Trustee.(6)
10.4
Form of 10 1/4% Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2010 (included in Exhibit 10.3).(1)
(1) Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-109054) filed with the Commission on September 23, 2003.
(2) Incorporated by reference from Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-109798) filed with the Commission on December 12, 2003.
(3) Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-31922) filed with the Commission on August 31, 2004.
(4) Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-31922) filed with the Commission on March 30, 2004.
(5) Incorporated by reference from Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-109054) filed with the Commission on February 27, 2004.
(6) Incorporated by reference from Amendment No. 4 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-109054) filed with the Commission on April 5, 2004.
(7) Incorporated by reference from Amendment No. 1 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-109054) filed with the Commission on October 30, 2003.
(8) Incorporated by reference from Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-109054) filed with the Commission on November 25, 2003.
(9) Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on November 2, 2004.
(10) Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on May 17, 2004.
(11) Incorporated by reference from Amendment No. 1 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-120151) filed with the Commission on November 9, 2004.
(12) Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-31922) filed with the Commission on December 2, 2004.
(13) Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
* This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any filings.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC.
(Registrant)
Date: March 8, 2005
By:
/s/ ROBERT B. TRUSSELL, JR.
Robert B. Trussell, Jr.
Chief Executive Officer
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Robert B. Trussell, Jr. and Dale E. Williams and each of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, from such person and in each person’s name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Form 10-K and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and all documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or his, her or their substitutes, may do or lawfully cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on the 8th of March, 2005, on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated.
Signature
Capacity
/S/ ROBERT B. TRUSSELL, JR.
Robert B. Trussell, Jr.
Chief Executive Officer
(Co-Principal Executive Officer) and Director
/S/ H. THOMAS BRYANT
H. Thomas Bryant
President (Co-Principal Executive Officer)
/S/ DALE E. WILLIAMS
Dale E. Williams
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer)
/S/ JEFFREY B. JOHNSON
Jeffrey B. Johnson
Corporate Controller, Chief Accounting Officer, Vice President and Assistant Secretary (Principal Accounting Officer)
/S/ JEFFREY S. BARBER
Jeffrey S. Barber
Director
/S/ FRANCIS A. DOYLE
Francis A. Doyle
Director
/S/ TULLY M. FRIEDMAN
Tully M. Friedman
Director
/S/ NANCY F. KOEHN
Nancy F. Koehn
Director
/S/ SIR PAUL JUDGE
Sir Paul Judge
Director
/S/ CHRISTOPHER A. MASTO
Christopher A. Masto
Director
/S/ P. ANDREWS MCLANE
P. Andrews McLane
Director
INDEX TO HISTORICAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Tempur-Pedic International Inc. and Subsidiaries:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Tempur-Pedic International Inc. and Subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the two months ended December 31, 2002 and the consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows of Tempur World, Inc. and Subsidiaries (Predecessor to the Company) for the ten months ended October 31, 2002. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a) 2. These consolidated financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Tempur-Pedic International Inc. and Subsidiaries at December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the two months ended December 31, 2002 and the consolidated results of operations and cash flows of Tempur World, Inc. and Subsidiaries for the ten months ended October 31, 2002, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 25, 2005 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Louisville, Kentucky
February 25, 2005
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands except per share amounts)
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands except share amounts)
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands)
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(In thousands except share and per share data)
(1) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
(a) Basis of Presentation and Description of Business-Tempur-Pedic International Inc. and Subsidiaries (Tempur-Pedic International or the Company) is a U.S.-based multinational corporation incorporated in Delaware. The Company manufactures, markets and sells advanced visco-elastic products including pillows, mattresses and other related products. The Company manufactures essentially all of its products at Dan Foam ApS, located in Denmark, and Tempur Production USA, Inc., located in the United States. The Company has sales and distribution companies operating in the U.S., Europe and the Asia Pacific region. In addition, the Company has third party distributor arrangements in certain other countries where it does not have distribution companies. The Company sells its products in 60 countries and extends credit based on the creditworthiness of its customers.
On November 1, 2002, Tempur-Pedic International acquired Tempur World, Inc. (the Tempur Acquisition). The Tempur Acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. As a result of purchase accounting adjustments to the carrying value of the assets and liabilities, the financial position and results of operations for periods subsequent to the Tempur Acquisition are not comparable to those of Tempur World, Inc. (Tempur World). The accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes to consolidated financial statements present financial information for Tempur-Pedic International and Tempur World (Predecessor). The accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes to consolidated financial statements present financial information for Tempur-Pedic International as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, for the two months ended December 31, 2002, and for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003. These consolidated financial statements also include financial information for the Predecessor for the ten months ended October 31, 2002. As a result of the foregoing, the consolidated financial statements of the Predecessor and Tempur-Pedic International are not comparable and are separated by a black line.
(b) Reclassifications-Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2004 presentation.
(c) Basis of Consolidation-The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of Tempur-Pedic International and its subsidiaries and Tempur World and its subsidiaries. All subsidiaries are wholly-owned. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
(d) Use of Estimates-The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
(e) Foreign Currency Translation-Assets and liabilities of non-U.S. subsidiaries, whose functional currency is the local currency, are translated at period-end exchange rates. Income and expense items are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the period. The adjustment resulting from translating the financial statements of such foreign subsidiaries are included in Accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of Stockholders’ Equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are reported in results of operations.
(f) Financial Instruments and Hedging-Derivative financial instruments are used within the normal course of business principally to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk. These instruments are generally short term in nature and are subject to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and credit risk. Credit risk is managed through the selection of sound financial institutions as counterparties. The changes in fair market value of foreign exchange derivatives are recognized currently in Accumulated other comprehensive income.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
The carrying value of Cash and cash equivalents, Accounts receivable, Accounts payable and short-term debt approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of those instruments. The fair value of the Senior Subordinated Notes of the Issuers is based on pricing models using current market rates.
The estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments is as follows:
As of December 31, 2003, the Company had $60,243 in Restricted cash for the redemption of the principal amount of $52,500 of Senior Subordinated Notes, the payment of a redemption premium of $5,381 and accrued interest expense of $2,362, which were paid in January 2004. The Company reflected the $5,381 redemption premium as a Loss on debt extinguishment included in Other income (expense), net for the year ended December 31, 2004.
(g) Cash and Cash Equivalents-Cash and cash equivalents consist of all investments with initial maturities of three months or less.
(h) Inventories-Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, determined by the first-in, first-out method and consisted of the following:
(i) Property, Plant and Equipment-Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost at acquisition date and depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives as follows:
Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the life of the lease or seven years. Depreciation expense for Tempur-Pedic International was $19,108 and $14,686 for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Depreciation expense for Tempur-Pedic International was $2,110 for the two months ended December 31, 2002. Depreciation expense for Tempur World was $9,692 for the ten months ended October 31, 2002.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
(j) Long-Lived Assets - In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of long-lived assets is assessed by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the estimated future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If estimated future undiscounted net cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset or group of assets, the asset is considered impaired and expense is recorded in an amount required to reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its then fair value.
(k) Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets-The Company follows SFAS 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (SFAS 142). SFAS 142 requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their residual values, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS 144. The Company performs an annual impairment test on all existing goodwill and unamortized indefinite life intangible assets in the fourth quarter of each year. During the fourth quarter of 2004, the Company performed the annual impairment test to all existing goodwill and unamortized indefinite life intangible assets and concluded that no impairment existed as of December 31, 2004. If facts and circumstances lead the Company’s management to believe that one of its assets may be impaired, the Company will evaluate the extent to which that cost is recoverable by comparing the future net undiscounted cash flows estimated to be associated with that asset to the asset’s carrying amount and write down that carrying amount to fair value to the extent necessary.
The following table summarizes information relating to the Company’s Other intangible assets:
Amortization expense relating to intangible assets for Tempur-Pedic International was $4,207 and $5,064 for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Amortization expense relating to intangible assets for Tempur-Pedic International was $1,197 for the two months ended December 31, 2002. Amortization expense relating to intangible assets for Tempur World was $691 for the ten months ended October 31, 2002.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
Annual amortization of Other intangible assets is expected to be as follows:
The changes in the carrying amount of Goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2004 are related to changes in amounts for foreign currency translation and purchase accounting adjustments related to the Tempur acquisition, including the utilization of pre-acquisition net operating losses and adjustments relating to pre-acquisition income tax contingencies as follows:
In addition, Goodwill as of December 31, 2004 and 2003 has been allocated to the Domestic and International segments as follows:
(l) Software-Preliminary project stage costs incurred are expensed and, thereafter, costs incurred in the developing or obtaining of internal use software are capitalized. Certain costs, such as maintenance and training, are expensed as incurred. Capitalized costs are amortized over a period of not more than five years and are subject to impairment evaluation in accordance with SFAS 144. Amounts capitalized for software are included in Property, plant and equipment, net.
(m) Accrued Sales Returns-Estimated sales returns are provided at the time of sale based on historical sales returns. Tempur-Pedic International allows product returns ranging of up to 120 days following a sale. Accrued sales returns are included in Accrued expenses and other in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Certain reclassifications have been made to the current period presentation. Accordingly, the following reported Amounts accrued and Returns charged to accrual are not comparable to amounts presented prior to January 1, 2004.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
Tempur-Pedic International had the following activity for sales returns from December 31, 2002 to December 31, 2004:
(n) Warranties-The Company provides a 20-year warranty for U.S. sales and a 15-year warranty for non-U.S. sales on mattresses, each prorated for the last 10 years. The Company also provides a 2-year to 3-year warranty on pillows. Estimated future obligations related to these products are provided by charges to operations in the period in which the related revenue is recognized. Warranties are included in Accrued expenses and other in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Tempur-Pedic International had the following activity for warranties from December 31, 2002 to December 31, 2004:
(o) Income Taxes-Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. In accordance with SFAS 5, “Accounting for Contingencies” (SFAS 5), the Company accrues for probable foreign and domestic tax obligations as required by facts and circumstances in the various regulatory environments.
(p) Revenue Recognition-Sales of products are recognized when the products are shipped to customers and the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred. No collateral is required on sales made in the normal course of business. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing accounts receivable. The financial condition of customers is reviewed by the Company prior to granting credit. The Company determines the allowance based on historical write-off experience. The Company reviews the adequacy of its allowance for doubtful accounts quarterly. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. Allowance for doubtful accounts was $5,508 and $4,193 as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Deposits made by customers are recorded as a liability and recognized as a sale
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
when product is shipped. Tempur-Pedic International had $1,890 and $4,639 of deferred revenue included in Accrued expenses and other in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Tempur-Pedic International reflects all amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling in Net sales and the costs incurred from shipping and handling product in Cost of sales. In addition, for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 amounts included in Net sales for shipping and handling were $23,417 and $18,415, respectively. Amounts included in Net sales for shipping and handling were $2,028 for the two months ended December 31, 2002. In addition, for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, amounts included in Cost of sales for shipping and handling were $58,819 and $43,624, respectively. Amounts included in Cost of sales for shipping and handling were $5,135 for the two months ended December 31, 2002. Tempur World reflects all amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling in Net sales and the costs incurred from shipping and handling product in Cost of sales. Amounts included in Net sales for shipping and handling were $9,553 for the ten months ended October 31, 2002. Amounts included in Cost of sales for shipping and handling were $20,096 for the ten months ended October 31, 2002.
(q) Advertising Costs-Tempur-Pedic International expenses advertising costs as incurred except for production costs and advance payments, which are deferred and expensed when advertisements run for the first time. Direct response advance payments are deferred and amortized over the life of the program. Advertising costs charged to expense were $70,453 and $65,180 for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Advertising costs in 2003 included $16,328 of show and exhibition expenses that are not included in 2004. Advertising costs charged to expense for the two months ended December 31, 2002 were $8,937, including $3,104 in show and exhibition costs. Advertising costs deferred and included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets were $6,228 and $4,473 and as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Tempur World expensed all advertising costs as incurred except for production costs and advance payments, which were deferred and expensed when advertisements ran for the first time. Direct response advance payments were deferred and amortized over the life of the program. Advertising costs charged to expense were $37,003 for the ten months ended October 31, 2002.
(r) Research and Development Expenses-Research and development expenses for new products are expensed as they are incurred.
(s) Stock-Based Compensation-The Company has adopted SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock Based Compensation” (SFAS 123). In accordance with SFAS 123, the Company has elected to account for employee stock and option issuances under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (APB 25). Under APB 25, no compensation expense is recognized in the statements of income for stock options granted to employees and non-employee directors, if the exercise price at least equals the fair value of the underlying stock on the date of grant.
Stock options are granted under various stock compensation programs to employees. For purposes of pro forma disclosures in accordance with SFAS 123, the estimated fair value of the options is amortized to expense over the options’ vesting period.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
Pro forma information in accordance with SFAS 123 for Tempur-Pedic International for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the two months ended December 31, 2002 and for Tempur World for the ten months ended October 31, 2002 is as follows:
The Company has omitted Tempur World earnings per share; as such information is not meaningful due to the change in capital structure that occurred with the Tempur Acquisition.
Certain options granted during the year prior to the initial public offering have exercise prices that are less than the deemed market value of the underlying common stock at the date of grant. The resulting unearned stock-based compensation is amortized to compensation expense over the respective vesting term, based on the “graded vesting” methodology. As of December 31, 2004 and 2003, the Company had remaining unearned stock-based compensation of $5,079 (including restricted stock units) and $8,935, respectively. The Company recorded $5,207 and $4,078 of compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, related to amortization of this stock-based compensation. The future amortization of remaining unearned stock-based compensation costs as of December 31, 2004 will be $2,883 in 2005, $1,543 in 2006 and $653 in 2007.
(2) New Accounting Standards
In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities”, an Interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, “Consolidated Financial Statements.” FIN 46 requires the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity to consolidate that entity. A primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity is the party that absorbs a majority of the variable interest entity’s expected losses, receives a majority of the entity’s expected residual returns, or both, as a result of ownership, contractual or other financial interests in the entity. In December 2003, the FASB revised FIN 46, deferring the application of the provisions of FIN 46 for an interest held in a variable interest entity or potential variable interest entity until the end of the first interim or annual period ending after March 15, 2004. The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 46 on March 31, 2004 and its adoption did not have an impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151, “Inventory Costs” (SFAS 151), which is an amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4. SFAS 151 clarifies that abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted materials (spoilage) should be recognized as current-period charges and requires the allocation of fixed production overheads to inventory based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. In accordance with this standard, the Company plants to adopt SFAS 151 on June 30, 2005 and does not expect its adoption to have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (SFAS 123R) which is a revision of SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation”. SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on their fair values. Pro forma disclosure will no longer be an alternative to financial statement recognition. In accordance with this revised standard, the Company plans to adopt SFAS 123R on June 30, 2005 and is still evaluating the expected impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
(3) Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for interest and cash paid for income taxes was as follows:
(4) Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following:
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
(5) Long-term Debt
(a) Long-term Debt-Long-term debt for Tempur-Pedic International consisted of the following:
The long-term debt of Tempur-Pedic International is scheduled to mature as follows:
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
(b) Secured Credit Financing-On August 26, 2004, the Company amended and restated its Senior Credit Facility. The amendment included a 75 basis point interest rate reduction to certain components of the credit facility, revisions to certain covenants and the addition of a provision to allow Industrial Revenue Bonds for the funding on the New Mexico facility. The amended and restated Senior Credit Facility continues to provide for revolving credit facilities in the committed amounts of $20,000 in the United States and $15,000 in Europe with an additional $5,000 working capital line in Europe, and term loans in the aggregate amount of approximately $183,500 outstanding. The revolving credit facilities continue to mature in 2008 and the term loans continue to mature in 2008 and 2009.
At December 31, 2004, Tempur-Pedic International had unused availability under the Senior Credit Facility of approximately $14,401. In addition to the availability under the revolving credit facilities, the Company has $5,000 availability under the European working capital line.
The aggregate amount of letters of credit outstanding under the U.S. and European Facility was approximately $0 and $3,599 as of December 31, 2004, respectively.
The Senior Credit Facility subjects Tempur-Pedic International Inc. and its subsidiaries to certain financial covenants, including: minimum interest coverage ratio; a maximum leverage ratio, and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio in each case as defined. The Company was in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2004.
(c) Senior Subordinated Notes-On August 15, 2003, Tempur Pedic, Inc. and Tempur Production USA, Inc. (Issuers) issued $150,000 aggregate principal amount of Senior Subordinated Notes. The Senior Subordinated Notes are unsecured senior subordinated indebtedness of the Issuers and are fully and unconditionally and jointly and severally guaranteed on an unsecured senior subordinated basis by the Issuers’ ultimate parent, Tempur-Pedic International, and certain other subsidiaries of Tempur-Pedic International. The Senior Subordinated Notes have no mandatory redemption or sinking fund requirements; however, they do provide for partial redemption at the Issuer’s option under certain circumstances prior to August 15, 2006 and full redemption at the Issuer’s option on or after August 15, 2007.
On January 23, 2004, the Issuers redeemed an aggregate principal amount of $52,500 of outstanding Senior Subordinated Notes. The redemption price was 110.25% of the principal amount plus accrued interest, and the redemption was funded with a portion of the net proceeds from the initial public offering of the Company. The Company reflected the $5,381 redemption premium as a Loss on extinguishment of debt included in Other income (expense), net in the year ended December 31, 2004.
As a result of our initial public offering in December 2003, the Company received net proceeds, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses, of $78,957, of which $18,714 was used to pay down the Senior Term A loan, a component of the Senior Credit Facility, in December 2003, and $60,243 million was invested in short-term, investment-grade, interest-bearing instruments. During January 2004, we used the remaining proceeds to repay $52,500 of Senior Subordinated Notes. In conjunction with the repayment of the Senior Subordinated Notes, we reflected the $5,381 redemption premium as a Loss on debt extinguishment included in Other income (expense), net in the year ended December 31, 2004. Total offering expenses were approximately $8,543 including underwriters’ discount.
The Senior Subordinated Notes contain certain nonfinancial and financial covenants which include restrictions on: the declaration or payment of dividends and distributions; the purchase, redemption, acquisition or retirement of group equity interests; the payment, purchase, redemption, defeasance, acquisition or retirement
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
of subordinated indebtedness; investments; the incurrence of indebtedness and issuance of preferred stock; the granting of liens; the making of loans and the transfer of properties and assets; mergers, consolidations or sale of assets; transactions with affiliates; the acquisition or creation of additional subsidiaries; and the sale and leaseback of assets. The Company was in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2004.
(6) Stockholders’ Equity
(a) Registration Rights-The Registration Rights Agreement, holders of 10% of the Company’s registrable securities, as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement, and certain stockholders who held notes with an aggregate unpaid principal balance of $15,000, had the right, subject to certain conditions, to require us to register any or all of their shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act), at the Company’s expense. The 15,312,500 shares of common stock sold in the Company’s initial public offering by selling shareholders and the 14,950,000 shares sold in the 2004 secondary offering were sold by selling stockholders that were parties to the Registration Rights Agreement. The Company estimates that as of December 31, 2004, 51,192,790 outstanding shares of registrable common stock are held by parties to the Registration Rights Agreement.
Certain of these holders have demand registration rights under the Registration Rights Agreement as described above.
(b) Stock Split-On December 23, 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a 525-for-one stock split, in the form of a stock dividend.
(c) Initial Public Offering-Effective with the Company’s initial public offering on December 23, 2003, the authorized shares of capital stock were increased to 300,000,000 shares of common stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding preferred stock of the Company, holders of the Company’s common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available for that purpose. In the event of liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, the holders of the Company’s common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of liabilities, subject to prior distribution rights of preferred stock of the Company, if any, then outstanding.
The Company is authorized to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. The Board of Directors will be authorized, subject to any limitations prescribed by law, without further vote or action by the stockholders, to issue from time to time shares of preferred stock in one or more series. Each such series of preferred stock will have such number of shares, designations, preferences, voting powers, qualifications, and special or relative rights or privileges as determined by the Board of Directors, which may include, among others, dividend rights, voting rights, redemption and sinking fund provisions, liquidation preferences, conversion rights and preemptive rights.
(d) Secondary Public Offering-On November 23, 2004, the Company closed a secondary offering of 14,950,000 shares of its common stock, including the subsequent exercise in full of the underwriters’ overallotment option, at a price of $18.96 per share. All shares were sold by certain of the Company’s stockholders pursuant to the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement. The Company incurred $939 in expenses associated with this offering.
(7) Stock-based Compensation
(a) 2002 Option Plan-In connection with the Tempur Acquisition, on November 1, 2002, the Company adopted the 2002 Option Plan to provide for grants of options to purchase shares of Class B-1 common stock to
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
employees and directors of the Company. Options granted under the 2002 Option Plan which qualify as incentive stock options, as defined by the Code, must have an exercise price of not less than the fair market value of the Company’s Class B-1 common stock at the date of grant. The determination of the exercise price was made by the Board of Directors. Options granted under the 2002 Option Plan provided for vesting terms as determined by the Board of Directors at the time of grant. Options can be exercised up to ten years from the grant date and up to five years from the date of grant for any stockholders who own 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all shares of stock of the Company. As of December 31, 2004, 1,150,722 options were exercisable at an average exercise price of $1.97. The total number of shares of common stock subject to issuance under the 2002 Option Plan did not exceed 6,533,720 shares, which was subject to certain adjustment provisions. The Company currently anticipates there will be no additional options issued under this plan.
(b) Tempur-Pedic International 2003 Equity Incentive Plan-The 2003 Equity Incentive Plan (the 2003 Plan) is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, which has the exclusive authority, including the power to determine eligibility to receive awards, the types and number of shares of stock subject to the awards, the price and timing of awards and the acceleration or waiver of any vesting, and performance of forfeiture restriction. The Compensation Committee, however, does not have the authority to waive any performance restrictions for performance-based awards.
Any of the Company’s employees, non-employee directors, consultants and Company advisors, as determined by the Compensation Committee, may be selected to participate in the 2003 Plan. The 2003 Plan provides for awards of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and stock unit awards, performance shares, stock grants and performance based awards.
During December 2004, the Company granted 70,000 restricted stock units (RSU) to an employee. The RSU vest ratably in six equal installments through January 1, 2008 and are exercisable at no cost. The Company recognized deferred stock compensation of $1,351 which is reflected as a component of Stockholders’ Equity at December 31, 2004.
(c) Tempur-Pedic International 2003 Employee Stock Purchase Plan-The 2003 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) permits eligible employees to purchase up to certain limits as defined in the 2003 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of the Company’s common stock annually over the course of two semi-annual offering periods at a price of no less than 85% of the price per share of the Company’s common stock either at the beginning or the end of each six-month offering period, whichever is less. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors administers the ESPP. The Board of Directors may amend or terminate the ESPP. The ESPP complies with the requirements of Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code. The Company may issue a maximum of 500,000 shares of its common stock under the ESPP.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002:
Options outstanding at December 31, 2004 had exercise prices ranging from $1.52 - $19.30 per share and expire on November 30, 2014. The weighted average fair value at date of grant for options granted during 2004 was $15.78. The weighted average remaining contractual life is 8.2 years.
(d) Stock Based Compensation-Pro forma information regarding net income and earnings per share is required by SFAS 123, which also requires that the information be determined as if the Company has accounted for its stock options granted subsequent to December 31, 2002 under the fair value method of SFAS 123. The fair value for these options was estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:
The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of subjective assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility. The Company’s options have had characteristics significantly different from those of similar traded options, and changes in the subjective input can materially affect the fair value estimate.
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (FASB) issued FASB Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (SFAS 123R) which is a revision of FASB Statement No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation”. SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on their fair values. Pro forma disclosure will no longer be an alternative to financial statement recognition. In accordance with this revised standard, the Company plans to adopt SFAS 123R on June 30, 2005 and is still evaluating the expected impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
(8) Consumer Credit Arrangements
The Company refers customers seeking extended financing to certain third party financiers (Card Servicers). The Card Servicers, if credit is granted, establish the interest rates, fees and all other terms and conditions of the customer accounts based on their evaluation of the creditworthiness of the customers. As the receivables are owned by the Card Servicers, at no time are the receivables purchased or acquired from the Company. In connection with customer purchases financed under these arrangements, the Card Servicer pays the Company an amount equal to the total amount of such purchases, net of a non-refundable financing fee as well as an interest bearing holdback of 20% (to be released upon ultimate collection) of certain amounts financed with recourse under the program. The total amounts financed and uncollected under the program by the Company were $371 and $294 included in Accounts receivable, as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
(9) Accumulated Comprehensive Income
The components of Accumulated comprehensive income are as follows:
(10) Commitments and Contingencies
(a) Lease Commitments-Tempur-Pedic International leases space for its corporate headquarters and a retail outlet under operating leases that call for annual rental payments due in equal monthly installments. Operating lease expenses were $4,226, $3,944 and $316 for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the two months ended December 31, 2002 , respectively. Tempur World had operating lease expenses of approximately $1,579 for the ten months ended October 31, 2002.
Future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2004 under these non-cancelable leases are as follows:
(b) Purchase Commitments-As of December 31, 2004, the Company had outstanding commitments of approximately $12,072 for capital expenditures related to the construction of the production facility in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
(c) Litigation-The Company is party to various legal proceedings generally incidental to its business. Although the ultimate disposition of these proceedings is not presently determinable, management does not believe that adverse determinations in any or all of such proceedings will have a material adverse effect upon the financial condition, liquidity or results of operations of the Company.
(11) Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company is exposed to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, which may adversely affect its results of operations and financial position. In seeking to minimize the risks associated with such activities, the Company has entered into forward foreign exchange contracts. Gains and losses on these contracts generally offset foreign currency receivables and foreign currency debt. The Company does not hedge the effects of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on the translation of its foreign results of operations or financial position, nor does it hedge exposure related to anticipated transactions.
The Company does not apply hedge accounting to the foreign currency forward contracts used to offset currency-related changes in the fair value of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. These contracts are marked to market through earnings at the same time that the exposed assets and liabilities are remeasured through earnings and are reflected in Other income, net. The foreign currency forward contracts held by the Company are for the exchange in United States Dollars, British Pound Sterling and Japanese Yen for the Danish Krone.
The Company had derivative financial instruments, consisting of foreign currency forward contracts, with notional values of $19,240 and $13,223 and fair values of $453 and $507 included in Other current assets and liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
A sensitivity analysis indicates that if the exchange rates between the United States dollar and foreign currencies at December 31, 2004 increased 10%, the Company would incur losses of $926 on foreign currency forward contracts outstanding at December 31, 2004. Such losses would be largely offset by gains from the revaluation or settlement of the underlying assets and liabilities.
Tempur-Pedic International had foreign exchange gains on derivative financial instruments of $606 for the year ended December 31, 2004 and incurred foreign exchange losses on derivative financial instruments of $3,051 and $1,803 for the year ended December 31, 2003 and two months ended December 31, 2002 , respectively. Tempur World incurred foreign exchange losses on derivative financial instruments of $784 for the ten months ended October 31, 2002. These gains and losses are offset primarily by the underlying assets and liabilities.
During January 2003, Tempur-Pedic International purchased two three-year interest rate caps (Interest Rate Caps) for the purpose of protecting $60,000 of the variable interest rate debt outstanding, at any given time during the life of the contract, against IBOR rates rising above 5%. Under the terms of the Interest Rate Caps, the Company has paid a premium to receive payments based on the difference between 3-month IBOR and 5% during any period in which the 3-month IBOR rate exceeds 5%. The Interest Rate Caps settle on the last day of March, June, September, and December until expiration. The fair value of the Interest Rate Caps included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet was $6 and $188 as of December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, respectively. The changes in fair value of $187 and $271 were charged to Accumulated other comprehensive income in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Stockholder’s Equity for the year ended December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, respectively.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
(12) Income Taxes
The Income tax provision consisted of the following:
The Income tax provision includes federal and state income taxes currently payable and those deferred or prepaid because of temporary differences between financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities. The Company records income taxes under the liability method. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the estimated future tax effects of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts based on enacted tax laws.
The Company has established a valuation allowance for net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs) and certain other timing differences related to certain domestic and foreign operations. The Company’s foreign NOLs were $24,864 and $25,098 as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. These NOLs expire at various dates through 2014. The Company’s domestic NOLs were $2,802 net of federal benefit as of December 31, 2004. These domestic NOLs relate to NOLs generated in various states where domestic subsidiaries are filing separate company income tax returns and will expire at various dates through 2024. Management believes that, based on a number of factors, the available objective evidence creates sufficient uncertainty regarding the realizability of these NOLs and certain other timing differences related to some of its domestic and foreign operations. The Company believes that it is more likely than not that its tax assets (other than those related to some of its domestic and foreign operations as discussed above) are realizable based on the level of future reversing taxable temporary differences and on historically profitable operations which the Company believes are more likely than not to continue into the future to the extent necessary to assure realization of recorded deferred tax assets. However, there can be no assurance that such assets will be realized if circumstances change.
In conjunction with the Tempur Acquisition, on November 1, 2002 Tempur-Pedic International repatriated $44,200 from one of its foreign subsidiaries in the form of a loan that under applicable U.S. tax principles is treated as a taxable dividend. On March 30, 2003, the $44,200 note was distributed principally in the form of a capital reduction under applicable foreign law from the foreign subsidiary (lender) up the chain of foreign and domestic subsidiaries to Tempur World, LLC (borrower) and cancelled on March 31, 2003.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
At December 31, 2004, Tempur-Pedic International had undistributed earnings of $95,408 from its foreign subsidiaries determined under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, translated into U.S. dollars at the applicable exchange rate on December 31, 2004. Provisions have been made for U.S. income taxes on $8,463 of these undistributed earnings pursuant to Subpart F and Section 956 of the Code. No provisions have been made for U.S. income taxes or foreign withholding taxes on the remaining $86,945 of undistributed earnings, as these earnings are considered indefinitely reinvested. In addition, Tempur-Pedic International had undistributed earnings from periods ending prior to November 1, 2002 of $65,164 determined under U.S. tax principles, translated into U.S. dollars at the applicable exchange rate on December 31, 2004. Provisions have been made for U.S. income taxes on $13,100 of these undistributed earnings pursuant to Section 956 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code). No provisions have been made for U.S. income taxes or foreign withholding taxes on the remaining $52,064 of undistributed earnings, as these earnings are considered indefinitely reinvested.
These undistributed earnings could become subject to U.S. income taxes and foreign withholding taxes (subject to a reduction for foreign tax credits) if these undistributed earnings were remitted as dividends, loaned to the U.S. parent company or a U.S. subsidiary, or if the Company should sell its stock in the subsidiaries. However, on October 22, 2004 the President signed the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, which allows a temporary elective 85% dividends received deduction for cash dividends paid by foreign subsidiaries to their U.S. corporate shareholder in either 2004 or 2005. This provision could potentially allow Tempur-Pedic International to repatriate the undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries in a tax efficient manner. The management of Tempur-Pedic International is in the initial stages of its evaluation of the effects of this repatriation provision and expects to complete its evaluation during the second quarter of 2005. The related range of income tax effects of any such repatriation cannot be reasonably determined at this time.
The Company’s effective income tax provision differs from the amount calculated using the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate, principally due to the following:
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
Subpart F income represents interest and royalties earned by a foreign subsidiary. Under the Code, such income is taxable to Tempur-Pedic International as if, in effect, earned directly by Tempur-Pedic International.
The net deferred tax asset and liability recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consisted of the following:
During 2003, the Danish taxing authority commenced an examination of tax years 1999 to 2001. In October 2004, the Internal Revenue Service (U.S. tax authority) advised the company it would commence an audit of the
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
January 1, 2002 through November 1, 2002 short period tax return in early 2005. Although the outcome of tax audits is always uncertain, the Company does not anticipate any material adverse effects on its consolidated financial position or results of operations in the event of an unfavorable resolution.
(13) Major Customers
Five customers accounted for approximately 13%, 22% and 23% of Tempur-Pedic International sales for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 and the two months ended December 31, 2002, respectively, one of which accounted for approximately 6%, 8% and 11% of sales for, the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 and the two months ended December 31, 2002, respectively, all of which was sold by the Domestic segment. These same customers also accounted for approximately 15%, and 18% of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Five customers accounted for approximately 24% of Tempur World sales for ten months ended October 31, 2002, one of which accounted for approximately 10% of sales for the ten months ended October 31, 2002, all of which was sold by the Domestic segment.
(14) Benefit Plan
A subsidiary of the Company has a defined contribution plan (the Plan) whereby eligible employees may contribute up to 15% of their pay subject to certain limitations as defined by the Plan. Employees are eligible to receive matching contributions at the start of employment with the Company. The Plan provides a 100% match of the first 3% and 50% of the next 2% of eligible employee contributions. All matching contributions vest immediately. The Company incurred $227, $148, and $27 of expenses associated with the Plan for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004 and the two months ended December 31, 2002, respectively. Tempur World incurred $116 of expenses associated with the Plan for the ten months ended October 31, 2002.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
(15) Earnings (Loss) Per Share
The Company has omitted Tempur World earnings per share as such information is not considered meaningful due to the change in capital structure that occurred with the Tempur Acquisition.
(16) Business Segment Information
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise engaging in business activities about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker or group in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. The Company operates in two business segments: Domestic and International. These reportable segments are strategic business units that are managed separately based on the fundamental differences in their operations. The Domestic segment consists of the United States manufacturing facility, whose customers include the United States distribution subsidiary and certain North American third party distributors. The International segment consists of the manufacturing facility in Denmark, whose customers include all the distribution subsidiaries and third party distributors outside the Domestic segment. The Company evaluates segment performance based on Net sales and Operating income.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
The following table summarizes segment information:
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
The following table sets forth Net sales by significant product group:
The Domestic segment purchases certain products produced by the Danish manufacturing facility. These purchases are included in the International segment as Intercompany sales. The Intercompany profits on these sales are included in the International segment for statutory purposes. For Business segment reporting, they have been allocated to the Operating income (loss) of the Domestic segment. These profits were $4,716 for the year ended December 31, 2004, $12,916 for the year ended December 31, 2003, $651 for the two months ended December 31, 2002, and $3,341 for the ten months ended October 31, 2002.
(17) Condensed Consolidating Financial Information
On August 15, 2003, the Issuers issued $150,000 aggregate principal amount of Senior Subordinated Notes. The Senior Subordinated Notes are unsecured senior subordinated indebtedness of the Issuers and are fully and unconditionally and joint and severally guaranteed on an unsecured senior subordinated basis by the Issuers’ ultimate parent, Tempur-Pedic International, and two intermediate parent limited liability companies (referred to as the “Combined Guarantor Parents” and all of Tempur-Pedic International’s current and future domestic subsidiaries (referred to collectively as the Combined Guarantor Subsidiaries), other than the Issuers. The Issuers and subsidiary guarantors are indirectly 100% owned subsidiaries of the Combined Guarantor Parents and the subsidiary guarantors are 100% owned subsidiaries of the Issuers. The foreign subsidiaries (referred to as Combined Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries) represent the foreign operations of the Company and will not guarantee this debt. The following financial information presents Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, Condensed Consolidating Statements of Income and Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, the two months ended December 31, 2002 and the ten months ended October 31, 2002 for the Combined Guarantor Parents, Issuers and their Subsidiary Guarantors and Combined Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries. During the year ended December 31, 2004, one of the Issuers established a new legal entity (Tempur-Pedic Retail, Inc.). Accordingly, Tempur-Pedic Retail, Inc. has been reflected as a Combined Guarantor Subsidiary.
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet
As of December 31, 2004
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Income
For the Year Ended December 31, 2004
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Income
For the Year Ended December 31, 2003
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Income
For the Two Months Ended December 31, 2002
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Income
For the Ten Months Ended October 31, 2002
(Predecessor)
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended December 31, 2004
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended December 31, 2003
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
For the Two Months Ended December 31, 2002
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED)
(In thousands except share and per share data)
(18) Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
Quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 are summarized below:
The sum of the quarterly earnings per share amounts does not equal the annual amount reported since per share amounts are computed independently for each quarter and for the full year based on respective weighted-average common shares outstanding and other dilutive potential common shares.
TEMPUR WORLD, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Predecessor to Tempur-Pedic International Inc.)
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
FOR THE TEN MONTHS ENDED OCTOBER 31, 2002
SCHEDULE II
TEMPUR-PEDIC INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
FOR THE TWO MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002,
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2003
AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004
SCHEDULE II