ITEM 1.	BUSINESS
OVERVIEW
Founded in 1982, Sigma Designs Inc. specializes in silicon-based MPEG decoding solutions for consumer digital video devices such as high-end DVD players, IP set top boxes, and next generation digital cable set top boxes, as well as streaming video-on-demand systems. Headquartered in Milpitas, California, Sigma also has a research and development center in France, as well as sales offices in China, Europe, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea and Taiwan. Our award-winning REALmagic video-streaming technology is used in both commercial and consumer applications, providing highly integrated solutions for high-quality decoding of MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 content. Based on this core technology, Sigma has developed system solutions for convergence products including streaming video, DVD playback, Internet connectivity and personal video recording. Sigma's products are sold worldwide through a direct sales force, distributors and original equipment manufacturers.
A pioneer in the MPEG hardware decoder market, Sigma introduced its REALmagic card in 1993, a MPEG playback card for PCs. In April 1997, we announced our entry into the DVD market. A key element of DVD specification is the use of MPEG-2 standards for digital video compression, a technology with which Sigma has established expertise. Thus, Sigma's MPEG-2 chips and add-in boards have been used worldwide in leading multimedia PC platforms to enable applications such as DVD title creation, DVD decoding, streaming video and IP multicasting.
During the past few years, Sigma has expanded well beyond its PC card beginnings and is working with telecommunication companies, or telcos and cable operators on trial deployments involving advanced DSL, broadband over cable, fiber to the home, and other networks for delivering VOD to consumer homes, multiple dwelling units and commercial hotel chains. This involvement has led to technology investments in streaming video silicon and software. At the end of 2001, Sigma introduced the industry's first DVD resolution MPEG-4 decoder chip for set-top appliances. We have secured numerous design wins and are shipping this product for applications including IP-based set top boxes for video over DSL, fiber to the home, and advanced DVD players.
Sigma became the first to market set-top box silicon with MPEG-4 decoding. In June 2002, Sigma announced the industry's first complete DVD decoder chip that provides decoding of full resolution MPEG-4 content and high definition progressive output. MPEG-4 is the next-generation digital video compression standard, enabling content developers to create sophisticated programs containing audio, video, text, graphics and interactivity. The object-oriented environment of MPEG-4 provides for complex scene compression at low bit rates or correspondingly small file sizes, making it ideal for either lower cost or higher resolution storage. Based on these advantages, MPEG-4 is beginning to make its way into all forms of set-top appliances, including IP-STBs (Internet protocol set-top boxes such as media gateways and video endpoints), digital cable systems and now DVD players. Furthermore, through new authoring tools and services, MPEG-4 will enable a new class of interactive video to be utilized for broadcast, on-demand or published media usage. Beyond this, the introduction of compression improvements, such as MPEG-4 part 10 (also known as H.264) are bolstering overall demand for advanced CODEC (compression / decompression) technologies.
Sigma was incorporated in California in January 1982. Our principal executive office is located at 1221 California Circle, Milpitas, California 95035. Our telephone number is (408) 262-9003, and our Internet home page is located at http://www.sigmadesigns.com; however, the information in, or that can be accessed through, our home page is not part of this report.
Market Segments
IP Streaming Over DSL and Fiber:
Currently, telecommunications companies are increasingly pressured to offer the "triple play" combined services of telephony, video, and data in competition against cable operators. DSL providers can readily offer telephony and data, but are having difficulty in finding a mechanism to deliver the video portion. While MPEG-2 compression is currently being deployed by DSL providers, the improved MPEG-4 compression provides a means to deliver this same quality on a much wider range of lower bandwidth DSL networks. InStat estimates that video on demand via Internet protocol will grow to more than 17 million users worldwide (with the highest growth in Europe and Asia), generating an estimated $1.6 billion in subscription and pay-per-view revenue in 2006.
Sigma announced in September 2002 that it has been selected by Samsung and SOFTBANK Broadmedia as the supplier of MPEG decoder chips for a new broadband TV service deployment in Japan. Using the latest in broadband technology, the SOFTBANK service enables the delivery of multi-channel television (including true video-on-demand and a personal program guide) via standard television sets. In addition, we announced in June 2002 that it has begun selling MPEG-4 chips to Kreatel for use in Kreatel's IP-STB devices being deployed by HanseNet in Germany. HanseNet's parent company, eBiscom is also deploying IP-STBs for broadband TV services in other markets in Europe using Sigma's chips.
High-End Consumer DVD Players:
In August of 2002, Sigma announced that KiSS Technology, a leading European vendor of advanced DVD products, was using Sigma's EM8500 DVD decoder chip in KiSS' new line of advanced DVD players. This new generation of DVD player enables consumers to play both recorded as well as downloaded content in several formats including MPEG-4 and view the content on their televisions in superior quality.
DVD systems with Sigma's advanced DVD decoder chips allow consumers to enjoy additional features over traditional DVD players. These features include playback of DivX-compatible video files on burned video discs, and increased resolution for high quality playback on HDTV-compatible displays. For example, standard DVD players will display at 480 lines (progressive), whereas Sigma's DVD chip will display at 720 lines (progressive) or 1080 lines (interlaced). Sigma's DVD chip also integrates a scaler and a deinterlacer into a single chip, which would typically require a chipset from traditional DVD chip providers.
Next-Generation Digital Cable Systems:
Sigma is a member of the e-Box joint venture that is developing a new digital cable solution, based on MPEG-4 technology and focused on delivering enhanced video on demand and interactive TV services. e-Box is based in Tokyo and includes the following public companies in addition to Sigma: Pioneer, Sharp, National Semiconductor, and CMC Magnetics. The joint venture plans to deliver an advanced cable STB to allow MPEG-4 with features such as HDTV resolutions, higher compression ratios for more efficient use of existing bandwidth, and video-on-demand. e-Box is being assisted by Comcast Cable Communications in a technical advisory and field validation capacity.
Commercial VOD Streaming Business:
We maintain a relatively steady revenue stream from our PC board business for hotel video-on-demand systems, kiosks, and PC-DVD decoding functions. We believe that it is in a leadership position in this space and plans to maintain this product line for the foreseeable future.
Industry Partnerships
To meet customer needs for a complete solution for set- top appliances, Sigma has developed strong partnerships with leading suppliers of chipsets, system software and video servers/encoders.
Complete solutions for video streaming include key vendors of video servers, MPEG encoders and IP video routers, which include Apple, Cisco, Concurrent, Envivio, Infovalue, iVAST, Mediabolic, Minerva, nCUBE, OKI, SGI, Sun Microsystems and Thirdspace
. Sigma's set-top appliance reference designs, in some cases, depend on vendors of processors, graphics controllers, video encoders and digital TV front-end chipsets, including B2C2, Focus Enhancements, Intel, National Semiconductor, Silicon Image, Cirrus Logic and TVIA.
In addition, Sigma is working with the following vendors of operating systems, middleware (DVD, DTV, VOD, PVR and Internet) and drivers to provide complete solutions for advanced set-top appliances, which include DTVRo, Metro Link, Microsoft, Stellar One,
Mediabolic, Tivella and Tuxia. Sigma Business Strategy
Our objective is to provide leading digital video decoding solutions that enable full-screen, full-motion, best quality video in streaming applications and on internet set-top boxes, and consumer DVD players. To accomplish this goal, we need to promote widespread acceptance of REALmagic technology and solutions. The key parts of this strategy include:
Win More Set-Top Box Partnerships
We are actively working with several partners to promote the use of our silicon solutions for video on demand and DVD playback in set-top box applications. We will continue to nurture these relationships in order to associate with the volume manufacturers of these set-top boxes and enable more opportunities for uses of our silicon solutions. So far, these relationships have focused on set-top box designs that provide Internet connections via conventional dial up or Digital Subscriber Line, or DSL, technology and to a limited extent, cable networks. We are actively seeking additional relationships with an expanded set of network providers and manufacturers in these and other segments.
Introduce New Generations of Decoder Chipsets
A significant aspect of our product strategy is to increase the sale of chipsets featuring our REALmagic Video Streaming Technology while continuing to develop newer versions and generations of products, including chipsets for set-top boxes,
advanced DVD progressive players, and HDTV applications. We seek to continue to offer consumers better-featured and lower- priced products over time. Sigma Products
Sigma currently markets products primarily in two forms, chipsets and board-level products.
Chipset Products: Sigma's line of MPEG decoder chips featuring REALmagic video streaming technology is designed to provide the highest quality video possible. We complement our silicon technology with an embedded software base, portable to a wide range of operating environments. Featuring VOD and DVD client players, Sigma's software is available under Windows, Linux and WinCE operating systems.
EM8220/8300 SERIES: provides MPEG-1 and 2 video decoding solutions for PC-based DVD playback and streaming video, which won wide acclaim as the top MPEG hardware for the PC, and included retail offerings by Panasonic.
EM8400 SERIES: provides MPEG-1 and 2 video and audio decoding for broadband interactive set-top boxes, and has achieved over 40 design wins in its target segment, including such notables as Fujitsu-Siemens, Acer and Samsung.
EM8470 SERIES: represents the first MPEG-4 silicon solution for the set-top box market, in a form that is pin-compatible with our widespread EM8400 to enable convenient upgrades to the latest decoding format.
EM8500 SERIES: single-chip DVD decoders that offer unique features needed for next-generation progressive DVD players, including support for MPEG-4 and DivX video.
EM8605/10 SERIES: digital media processors for HDTV set-top appliances and media gateways that provide a highly-integrated solution for ATSC, DVB, OpenCable™, IP video, DVD and MPEG-4 decoding.
Board-Level Products: Sigma board-level products, which are based on our silicon and software technology, are marked into both commercial streaming video and consumer PC add-in markets.
NetStream 2000 SERIES: PC add-in cards featuring high performance MPEG-1 and 2 decoding, bring streaming video to virtually any PC- based system.
REALmagic DVR: a desktop PC add-in solution that plugs into a standard PCI slot, and works with standard DVD writeable media to enable encoding and authoring of DVD titles in a corporate or educational environment.
REALmagic Xcard: a consumer PC add-in solution that creates a home theatre solution by plugging into a standard PCI slot and providing TV output from content collected in DVD, VCD, DivX and MPEG-4 formats.
REALmagic Hollywood Plus: a consumer PC add-in solution that plugs into a standard PCI slot, and provides PC-based hardware playback of DVD or VideoCD content.
Other Products and Services: in addition to Sigma's main lines of products, we also offer stand-alone systems, primarily our NetStream console, as well as professional development services.
Reference Designs
As a marketing tool, Sigma provides reference designs, which are end-user prototype designs showing how our silicon solutions integrate into complex consumer appliances. These reference designs serve several purposes, including proof of concept to prospective customers, as well as an invaluable research and development experience for our engineers who develop the integrated end solution. This process gives us ideas for what to incorporate into our next generation solutions.
Marketing and Sales
We currently sell most of our products through our direct sales force. We augment these sales through a select set of distributors and
REPs operating in different regions of the world. Our U.S. distributor is Ingram Micro, Inc. Our OEMs include Fujitsu-Siemens, GCT-Allwell, KiSS Technology, Kreatel, LG Electronics, NEC, and Samsung. Our international distributors are strategically located in many countries around the world. We generally maintain products for distribution through corporate markets based on forecasts rather than firm purchase orders. Additionally, we generally acquire products for sale to our OEM customers only after receiving purchase orders from such customers, which purchase orders are typically cancelable without substantial penalty from such OEM customers. We currently place non-cancelable orders to purchase semiconductor products from our suppliers on an eight to twelve week lead-time basis. Consequently, if, as a result of inaccurate forecasts or canceled purchase orders, anticipated sales and shipments in any quarter do not occur when expected, expenses and inventory levels could be disproportionately high, requiring significant working capital and resulting in severe pressure on our financial condition. One international customer accounted for 19% of our total net revenues in fiscal 2003.
Sales to distributors are typically subject to contractual rights of inventory rotation and price protection. Regardless of particular contractual rights, the failure of one or more distributors or OEMs to achieve sustained sell-through of REALmagic products could result in product returns or delayed or uncollectable receivables, contributing to significant fluctuations in our operating results.
Research and Development
As of January 31, 2003, we had a staff of 67 research and development personnel. The research and development personnel conduct all of our product development with the assistance of a number of independent contractors and consultants. We are focusing our development efforts primarily on MPEG decoder products, including new and improved versions of REALmagic MPEG chipsets and cost reduction processes.
To achieve and maintain technological leadership, we must continue to make technological advancements in the areas of MPEG video and audio compression and decompression. These advancements include maintaining compatibility with emerging standards and multiple platforms, and making improvements to the REALmagic architecture. We cannot guarantee that any substantial advances will be made in the REALmagic MPEG technology or, if they are made, that we will be able to market such advancements to achieve profitability.
During fiscal 2003, 2002, and 2001, our research and development expenses were $8.4 million, $8.1 million, and $7.4 million, respectively. We plan to continue to devote substantial resources to research and development of future generations of MPEG and other multimedia products.
Competition
The market for MPEG decoder products is highly competitive. Companies such as Broadcom, ST Microelectronics, and LSI Logic have high profiles in the industry. In addition, other companies with more marketing and financial resources may develop a competitive product that may inhibit the wide acceptance of REALmagic technology. We believe that there are manufacturers who are developing MPEG products that will compete directly with REALmagic products in the near future.
We believe that the principal competitive factors in the market for MPEG decoder products include time to market for new product introductions, product performance, industry standards compatibility, price, and marketing and distribution resources. We believe that we compete most favorably with respect to time to market, product performance and price of our REALmagic products.
Licenses, Patents and Trademarks
We continually seek patent protection for certain software and hardware features in current and future versions of REALmagic. We currently have
nine pending patent applications for our REALmagic technology. Twenty-two patents have been issued to us. We cannot assure you that more patents will be issued or that such patents, even if issued, will provide adequate protection for our competitive position. We also attempt to protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information through agreements with customers, suppliers and employees and other security measures. Although we intend to protect our rights vigorously, we cannot assure you that these measures will be successful. Manufacturing
To reduce overhead expenses, along with capital and staffing requirements, we currently use third-party contract manufacturers to fulfill all of our manufacturing needs, including chipset manufacture and board-level assembly. All of the chips used by us to develop our decoding products are manufactured by outside suppliers and foundries. Each of these suppliers is a sole source of supply for the respective chips produced by such supplier.
Our reliance on independent suppliers involves several risks, including the absence of adequate capacity and reduced control over delivery schedules, manufacturing yields and costs. Any delay or interruption in the supply of any of the components required for the production of REALmagic products could seriously harm our sales of products and, thus, our operating results.
Backlog
Since our customers typically expect quick deliveries, we seek to ship products within a few weeks of receipt of a purchase order. However, the customer may reschedule delivery of products or cancel the purchase order entirely without significant penalty. Historically, our backlog has not been reflective of future sales. We also expect that in the near term, our backlog will continue to be not indicative of future sales.
Employees
As of January 31, 2003, we had 116 full-time employees, including 67 in research and development, 25 in marketing, sales and support, 7 in operations, and 17 in finance and administration.
Our future success will depend, in part, on our ability to continue to attract, retain and motivate highly qualified technical, marketing, engineering and management personnel, who are in great demand. Our employees are not represented by any collective bargaining unit, and we have never experienced a work stoppage. We believe that our employee relations are satisfactory.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 2.	PROPERTIES
We currently lease a 40,000 square foot facility in Milpitas, California that is used as our headquarters. The lease will expire in September 2007. We also lease facilities for sales offices in Hong Kong and Shenzhen China, and for research and development near Paris, France.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 3.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Not applicable.
ITEM 4.
ITEM 4.	SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Not applicable.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The following table sets forth certain information concerning our executive officers as of April 1, 2003:
Name Age Position -------------------------- ---- --------------------------------------------- Thinh Q. Tran 49 Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer Silvio Perich 54 Senior Vice President, Worldwide Sales Jacques Martinella 47 Vice President, Engineering Kenneth Lowe 47 Vice President, Business Development Kit Tsui 53 Chief Financial Officer, and Secretary ______________
Mr. Tran, a founder of Sigma, has served as President, Chief Executive Officer, and Chairman of the Board of Directors since February 1982. Prior to joining Sigma, Mr. Tran was employed by Amdahl Corporation and Trilogy Systems Corporation, both of which were involved in the IBM-compatible mainframe computer market.
Mr. Perich joined Sigma in September 1985 as Director, Sales. In September 1992, Mr. Perich became Senior Vice President, Worldwide Sales. Mr. Perich was a co-founder of Costar Incorporated, a manufacturers' representative organization for high technology products, where he served as partner from October 1979 to September 1985. From September 1972 until September 1979, Mr. Perich served in several sales management roles at Siliconix Inc, a specialty semiconductor manufacturer.
Mr. Martinella joined Sigma in May 1994 as Director, VLSI Engineering. In December 1995, Mr. Martinella became Vice President, Engineering. From June 1990 to April 1994, Mr. Martinella served in engineering and management positions at Weitek, a microchip manufacturer. In addition, Mr. Martinella was an engineer at National Semiconductor, a semiconductor manufacturer, from June 1982 to June 1990.
Mr. Lowe joined Sigma in May 2000 as Vice President, Marketing. In December 2000, Mr. Lowe became Vice President, Business Development. Prior to joining Sigma, Mr. Lowe served as the Director of Multimedia Marketing for Cadence Design Systems. From 1996 to 1998, Mr. Lowe served as the Vice President of Marketing for Chrontel. Prior to 1996, Mr. Lowe held various marketing management positions Sierra Semiconductor, Datquest, Personal CAD Systems, Performix and Gould-Biomation. In the late 1980's, Mr. Lowe served as Product Marketing Director of Sigma.
Ms. Tsui joined Sigma in November 1982 as its Accounting Manager. Ms. Tsui was promoted to Director of Finance in February 1990, acting Chief Financial Officer and Secretary in December 1996, Chief Accounting Officer in January 2000 and Chief Financial Officer in January 2001.
There is no family relationship among any of our directors and executive officers.
PART II
ITEM 5.
ITEM 5.	MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK
Our common stock trades on The Nasdaq National Market under the trading symbol "SIGM". The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices per share of our common stock for each quarter in the last two fiscal years.
Fiscal 2003 Fiscal 2002 -------------- --------------- High Low High Low ------- ------ ------- ------- First quarter ended April 30..... $7.20 $2.27 $2.56 $1.13 Second quarter ended July 31..... 3.91 2.00 3.18 1.37 Third quarter ended October 31... 3.27 1.64 1.97 0.83 Fourth quarter ended January 31.. 4.50 2.03 2.72 1.10
Shareholders
As of April 21, 2003, we had 263 shareholders of record. Because many of our shares are held by brokers or other institutions on behalf of shareholders, we are unable to determine the total number of shareholders represented by the record holders.
Dividends
We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock and we do not plan to pay cash dividends to our common shareholders in the foreseeable future.
Equity Compensation Plans
The information required by this item regarding equity compensation plans is incorporated by reference to the information set forth in Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 6.
ITEM 6.	SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected financial data is derived from our consolidated financial statements. This data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, the notes related thereto, and Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, which are included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Year ended January 31, 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 ------------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- (In thousands, except per share data) Net revenues.......... $18,139 $13,437 $29,476 $50,324 $43,540
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders.. (6,057) (10,392) (6,868) 2,263 (2,690)
Diluted net income (loss) per share available to common shareholders.. (0.37) (0.64) (0.42) 0.13 (0.21)
Working capital....... 4,459 10,475 19,706 27,092 23,578
Total assets.......... 21,417 26,274 38,334 44,751 44,220
Shareholders' equity.. 5,802 11,466 21,781 28,403 24,771
ITEM 7.
ITEM 7.	MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
YOU SHOULD READ THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION IN CONJUNCTION WITH OUR CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELATED NOTES. THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION INCLUDES FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS, WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 27A OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AND SECTION 21E OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, ABOUT THE MARKETS IN WHICH WE OPERATE AND OUR BUSINESS AND PROSPECTS, INCLUDING STATEMENTS ABOUT THE SUFFICIENCY OF OUR CURRENT RESERVE OF CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, OUR SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS AND OUR BANK LINES OF CREDIT TO MEET OUR WORKING CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS, AND THE EFFECT OF INTEREST RATE CHANGES ON THE VALUE OF OUR SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS, OUR BANK LINES OF CREDIT AND OUR FOREIGN CURRENCY CASH BALANCES. THESE STATEMENTS ARE SUBJECT TO MANY RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES WHICH MAY RESULT IN DIFFERENT OR DISAPPOINTING FUTURE BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL RESULTS. MANY OF THESE RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES ARE DISCUSSED IN THIS REPORT, INCLUDING UNDER "CERTAIN FACTORS AFFECTING BUSINESS, OPERATING RESULTS, AND FINANCIAL CONDITION".
Results of Operations
For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2003, our net revenues increased 35% to $18.1 million from $13.4 million reported for fiscal 2002. This increase in revenues was primarily attributable to the increased sales of our chipset products into set-top box and advanced DVD players. Our revenues from sales of chipset products in the set top boxes and advanced DVD players for the consumer appliance market increased from 29% to 61% of our total net revenues compared to last year, while our revenues from sales of board, chipset, and console products to commercial streaming video market and PC add-in market decreased from 71% to 39% of our total net revenues compared to last year. We believe that the ongoing decline in demand for chipsets and boards in the PC add-in market, and delays in the deployment of streaming video applications in the commercial streaming video market which utilize our products, may continue. Should these trends continue, they would likely reduce our revenues and harm our business.
Net loss for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2003 was $6.1 million as compared to net loss of $10.4 million for the prior fiscal year. The decreased net loss for fiscal 2003 compared to the prior fiscal year resulted primarily from the increase in revenues and improvement of our gross margin. The net loss for fiscal 2003 included a charge of approximately $172,000 of impairment losses of which $142,000 was a complete elimination of the carrying amount of an investment of a closely-held technology company in which we own less than 6% of this company's outstanding capital stock, due to the continued weakness in the software development industry, and $30,000 was related to a joint venture partnership. The net loss for fiscal 2002 included a charge of approximately $927,000 for impairment losses related to an investment in the same closely-held technology company we had in fiscal 2003.
The following table shows certain items as a percentage of net revenues , which are included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations:
Fiscal Fiscal Fiscal 2003 2002 2001 --------- --------- --------- Net revenues............................ 100% 100% 100% Cost of revenues........................ 45% 59% 70% --------- --------- --------- Gross margin............................ 55% 41% 30% Operating expenses: Research and development.............. 46% 60% 25% Sales and marketing................... 25% 32% 14% General and administrative............ 16% 21% 15% Other (income) expense.................. 1% 5% -1% --------- --------- --------- Net loss attributable to -33% -77% -23% common shareholders................ ========= ========= =========
Net Revenues
The following table sets forth our net revenues in each product group, and the percentage of total net revenues represented by each product group, for the last three years:
(Dollars in thousands) Fiscal 2003 Fiscal 2002 Fiscal 2001 -------------- -------------- --------------
Boards......................... $6,215 34% $6,961 52% $13,575 46% Chipsets....................... 10,742 59% 3,858 29% 12,936 44% Other.......................... 1,182 7% 2,618 19% 2,965 10% --------- --------- --------- TOTAL NET REVENUES........... $18,139 $13,437 $29,476 ========= ========= =========
Our board level product lines are targeted at OEM customers to address the DVD upgrade market, system integrators to address the computer- based training, kiosks, and corporate video-on-demand markets and consumer markets for upgraded multimedia products. Our chipsets are targeted toward manufacturers and large volume OEM customers building interactive multimedia products for business and consumer markets. The "Other" category includes Netstream consoles for the commercial streaming video market, set-top box products and accessories targeted at the consumer appliance market, support service revenues under agreements for providing software support, development revenues under agreements for the customization of certain MPEG decoding chips and freight fees charged to customers. The costs related to support service revenues and development revenues were included in sales and marketing expenses, and research and development expenses respectively.
The decrease in revenues from our MPEG board products in fiscal 2003 as compared to fiscal 2002 is mainly attributable to our decision to focus on the chipset products in the video-on-demand and consumer appliance market instead of board products in the PC add-in market. We expect our revenues from MPEG board products to be relatively insignificant in future periods. The significant increase in revenues from our chipset products in fiscal 2003 is attributable to the continuing growth of demand for our chipset products from the consumer appliance market, leading to increased unit sales and higher introduction selling prices of our new MPEG-4 chipsets. The decreases in revenues from our MPEG board and chipset products in fiscal 2002 as compared to fiscal 2001 are largely due to the continuing decline in demand for our products in PC-DVD upgrade markets. The overall decrease in net revenues from other products in fiscal 2003 as compared to fiscal 2002 is mainly attributable to the decreased sales of our consoles to the commercial streaming video market and the reversal of $70,000 of unbilled development revenue in the second quarter of fiscal 2003, which had been previously recorded under the percentage-of-completion method in fiscal 2002. The reversal was due to extensions in the development schedule of a particular contract that subsequently arose. The overall decrease in net revenues from other products for fiscal 2002 as compared to fiscal 2001 is attributable to a decrease of development fees due to fewer development projects and the increasingly complex nature which requires longer time to develop. We expect that net revenues from other products will continue to fluctuate.
The table below sets forth our net revenues by market segment, and the percentage of total net revenues represented by each market segment, for each of the last three fiscal years:
(Dollars in thousands) Fiscal 2003 Fiscal 2002 Fiscal 2001 -------------- -------------- --------------
Commercial streaming video market. $3,751 21% $6,944 52% $6,673 23% Consumer appliance market......... 11,015 61% 3,921 29% 2,775 9% PC add-in market.................. 2,630 14% 2,166 16% 17,799 60% Other market...................... 743 4% 406 3% 2,229 8% --------- --------- --------- TOTAL NET REVENUES.............. $18,139 $13,437 $29,476 ========= ========= =========
The decrease in revenues from sales of our products to the commercial streaming video market in fiscal 2003 as compared to fiscal 2002 is mainly attributable to decreased sales of our console products in the corporate streaming video market. The increase in revenues from sales of our products to the commercial streaming video market in fiscal 2002 as compared to fiscal 2001 is mainly attributable to increased sales of our MPEG board products and the introduction of our new console products in the corporate streaming video market. We expect our revenues from the commercial streaming video market to continue to fluctuate year over year primarily due to the project-oriented nature of sales of our products to our corporate streaming video market. The significant increase in revenues from sales of our products to the consumer appliance market in fiscal 2003 as compared to fiscal 2002 is attributable to increased sales of our MPEG chipset products to set-top box and DVD player manufacturers. The increase in revenues from sales of our products to the consumer appliance market in fiscal 2002 as compared to fiscal 2001 is attributable to increased sales of our MPEG chipset products to set-top box manufacturers. The consumer appliance market still remains in an emerging phase and we expect fluctuating revenues to continue. The increase in revenues from sales of our products to the PC add-in market in fiscal 2003 as compared to fiscal 2002 is primarily attributable to the introduction of our new MPEG-4 Xcard. The decrease in revenues from sales of our products to the PC add-in market in fiscal 2002 as compared to fiscal 2001 is due to the continuing decline in demand for products in the PC add-in market. We expect our revenues from the PC add-in market to be relatively insignificant in future periods as a result of our decision to focus on the video-on-demand and the consumer appliance market. The category "other market" in the above table consists of freight charged to customers, service revenues under agreements for providing software support, development fees under agreements relating to the development for customization of certain MPEG decoding chip technology and accessories for projects and products for various market segments. The overall increase in net revenues from other market in fiscal 2003 as compared to fiscal 2002 is mainly attributable to the introduction of our support services and freight fees charged to customers, which has been included as revenue since the beginning of fiscal 2003. The overall decrease in net revenues from other market in fiscal 2002 as compared to fiscal 2001 is attributable to a decrease in development fees due to fewer development projects and the increasingly complex nature which requires longer development time. Due to the uncertainty of volume of support services and development projects we are able to obtain, and the increasingly complex nature of projects which require longer development time, we expect that net revenues from other market will continue to fluctuate.
The table below sets forth our net revenues by geographic region, and the percentage of total net revenues represented by each geographic region, for each of the last three fiscal years:
(Dollars in thousands) Fiscal 2003 Fiscal 2002 Fiscal 2001 -------------- -------------- -------------- United States.................. $5,913 33% $7,750 58% $10,241 35% Asia........................... 6,246 34% 3,239 24% 17,326 59% Europe......................... 5,937 33% 2,401 18% 1,574 5% Canada......................... 28 0% 12 0% 16 0% Other regions.................. 15 0% 35 0% 319 1% --------- --------- --------- TOTAL NET REVENUES........... $18,139 $13,437 $29,476 ========= ========= =========
Our Asia revenues were derived predominantly from customers in Japan and China. Revenues generated from Japan and China, respectively, in fiscal 2003 accounted for 11% and 8% of our total net revenues, as compared to 1% and 3% for fiscal 2002 and 11% and 1% for fiscal 2001. Our Europe revenues in fiscal 2003 were derived predominantly from customers in Denmark. Revenues generated from Denmark in fiscal 2003 accounted for 21% of our total net revenues, as compared to 0% for fiscal 2002 and fiscal 2001. One customer based in Europe, two customers based in the U.S. and two customers based in Asia accounted for 47% of our total net revenues in fiscal 2003. In fiscal 2002, three customers based in the U.S. and one customer based in Europe accounted for 49% of our total net revenues, and in fiscal 2001, two customers based in the U.S. and three customers based in Asia accounting for 55% of our total net revenues. The decrease in the U.S. revenues from fiscal 2002 to fiscal 2003 was primarily attributable to the decreased sales of our console products in the corporate streaming video market while the increase in Asia and Europe revenues from fiscal 2002 to fiscal 2003 was primarily attributable to the increased sales of our chipset products in the set top boxes and DVD players for the consumer appliance market. The decrease in the U.S. and Asia revenues from fiscal 2001 to fiscal 2002 was primarily attributable to the continuing decline in demand of our PC-DVD upgrade products in the PC market, while the increase in Europe revenues from fiscal 2001 to fiscal 2002 was primarily attributable to the project-oriented nature of our commercial streaming video products to the corporate streaming video market.
Gross Margin
Our gross margin as a percentage of net revenues was approximately 55% in fiscal 2003, 41% in fiscal 2002, and 30% in fiscal 2001. This improvement was due to our continuing efforts to reduce the cost of our original MPEG boards and chipsets, and the introduction and sales of our new MPEG-4 chipset and board products. In addition, the costs related to support service revenues and development revenues were included in sales and marketing expenses, and research and development expenses respectively, while the provisions for inventory obsolescence which were included in cost of revenues decreased to $0.8 million in fiscal 2003 from $1.4 million in fiscal 2002 and from $1.9 million in fiscal 2001. We expect our gross margins will vary from period to period due to changes in the mix of product sales, volume discounts, our costs, and provisions for inventory obsolescence. Because average selling prices of our products typically decline over the life of a product, if we are unable to reduce costs faster than the rate of such decline or introduce new products with higher average selling prices, our gross margins will decline.
Operating Expenses
Sales and marketing expenses increased $210,000 or 5% in fiscal 2003 over fiscal 2002 and $166,000 or 4% in fiscal 2002 over fiscal 2001. Those increases were largely due to increased headcount and expenses associated the expansion of our product marketing and sales development group. We believe that our sales and marketing expenses will increase in future periods as we intend to increase headcount in our sales and marketing organization and to expand our product marketing and sales development.
Research and development expenses increased $243,000 or 3% in fiscal 2003 over fiscal 2002 and $739,000 or 10% in fiscal 2002 over fiscal 2001. The increase in fiscal 2003 over fiscal 2002 was primarily attributable to the prototype costs of new products. The increase in fiscal 2002 over fiscal 2001 was primarily attributable to additional engineering staff at our headquarters as well as at our development center in France, consulting services, and capital equipment related to product development. We plan to continue our efforts in the development of our proprietary MPEG based products, and expect research and development expenses will likely increase by 10% to 20% on a year-over-year basis at least for the near term.
Our general and administrative expenses increased $208,000 or 8% in fiscal 2003 from fiscal 2002. The increase was largely due to increasing costs of insurance and various professional services. Our general and administrative expenses decreased $1.8 million or 39% in fiscal 2002 from fiscal 2001. The decrease was mainly attributable to the significant reduction of approximately $2.2 million of bad debt expense from fiscal 2001. Excluding the bad debt expense, general and administrative expenses in fiscal 2002 was comparable to fiscal 2001. We expect our general and administrative expenses will increase relatively in future periods due to the continually increasing cost of insurance, professional services and other expenditures associated with our business.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. As shown in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the Company recorded a net loss of $6.1 million, $10.4 million, and $6.9 million for fiscal 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively, and has an accumulated deficit of $62.5 million as of January 31, 2003. In addition, the Company has experienced negative operating cash flows for fiscal 2003 and 2002. The Company's continuation as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to achieve sustained profitability and generate positive operating cash flows.
During fiscal 2004, we plan on taking several measures toward achieving positive cash flows as well as increasing available cash in the near term. These plans are based on our belief that the Company will have sufficient demand from its customers that will result in an increase in revenue to achieve breakeven or positive cash from operations by the first quarter of fiscal 2004. There is no assurance that our plans will be successful. To conserve cash and ensure that the Company has adequate working capital, we have made a decision to retain current staffing while reducing costs in all other non-essential areas. In addition, to increase working capital, we raised additional gross proceeds of $4.8 million in March 2003 through a private offering of our common stock.
As of January 31, 2003, our principal sources of liquidity included cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and short-term investments of $12.8 million, a decrease of $5.2 million compared with $18.0 million at January 31, 2002. Excluding the restricted cash of $12.0 million, we had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $755,000 at January 31, 2003 as compared with $6.0 million at January 31, 2002. This decrease resulted from operating activities that utilized cash of approximately $4.5 million, acquisitions of fixed assets and leasehold improvements to our new headquarters' facility of $697,000, repayment of capital lease obligations of $230,000 and cash used for other investing activities of $216,000 which was partially offset by proceeds of $411,000 from the issuance of our common stock under our stock option plan and employee stock purchase plan.
Contractual Obligations Total Capital Operating Payments Due by Period Leases Leases ------------------------------- --------- --------- --------- 1 year or less........................... $ 715 $ 133 $ 582 1-3 years................................ 1,855 -- 1,855 4-5 years................................ 433 -- 433 --------- --------- --------- Total.................................... $ 3,003 $ 133 $ 2,870 ========= ========= =========
As of January 31, 2003, we had $12.0 million outstanding under a $12.0 million bank revolving line of credit that expires in October 2003, bears interest at Term Deposit rate (0.65% at January 31, 2003) plus 0.85%, and is primarily collateralized by funds on deposit in accounts that have been assigned to the lender and is included in our consolidated balance sheet at January 31, 2003 as restricted cash. The restricted cash balance of $12.0 million is not available to fund operations, as it is held by the bank as collateral for the line of credit in an equal amount. We also have a $5.0 million bank line of credit under which we had availability to draw down approximately $2.1 million as of January 31, 2003. The line of credit will expire in October 2003 and is primarily collateralized by our accounts receivable. As of January 31, 2003, we had utilized $200,000 of the standby letter of credit under this second line of credit. The lines of credit contain certain covenants that, among other things, required us to maintain certain levels of tangible net worth plus subordinated debt based on our projected operating results. At January 31, 2003, we were required to maintain total net equity worth of at least $4.9 million. As of that date, we were in compliance with this covenant. In addition, we have a bank line of credit of $1.0 million that expires in October 2003, which is secured by substantially all the Company's assets. Borrowings under this arrangement are subject to certain conditions and are available to us commencing March 2003.
Our primary sources of funds to date have been cash generated from operations, proceeds from preferred and common stock issuances, and bank borrowings under lines of credit. It is possible that our operations will continue to consume cash in the foreseeable future. Based on our cash projection, we believe that our current reserve of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments including the proceeds from our private offering of common stocks in March 2003 will be sufficient to meet anticipated working capital requirements and other cash needs for the next twelve months. In addition, we believe that we will be able to comply with or make modifications to the current covenants to maintain the availability of funds under our existing asset-based banking agreements. The estimate of time our cash and other resources will last is a forward-looking statement that is subject to the risks and uncertainties set forth below, as well as other factors, and actual results may differ as a result of such factors.
Certain Factors Affecting Business, Operating Results, and Financial Condition
You should carefully consider the risks described below before making an investment decision. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing Sigma. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations.
If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In such case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
We have a history of operating losses and we could sustain future losses. We cannot assure you that we will be profitable and if we continue to lose money, our business may not be financially viable.
We incurred significant operating losses in fiscal 1995, 1996, 1998, 2001, 2002 and 2003 and had negative cash flow in fiscal 1995, 1998, 2002 and 2003. Since our introduction of the REALmagic MPEG product line in November 1993, we have made significant investments in marketing and technological innovation for our REALmagic products. As a result of our investments, we experienced significant losses through fiscal 1996. Fiscal 1995, 1996 and 1998 also included significant losses associated with products other than those related to our REALmagic technology. Fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001 included significant loss associated with the decline in demand of our REALmagic products. Since our inception through January 31, 2003, our total accumulated deficit is $62,506,000. We cannot assure you that we will be able to sell our REALmagic products in substantial quantities or generate significant revenues from those sales. We cannot assure you that we will not incur operating losses in any future fiscal quarter or fiscal year.
If we fail to comply with or obtain waivers for covenants under our loan obligations, our financial condition will be harmed.
Our amended and restated business loan agreement with our bank, dated November 1, 2002, is comprised of three lines of credit which allow for borrowings of $12.0 million, $5.0 million and $1.0 million, respectively. Under the line of credit agreements, which expire in October 2003, we are subject to certain covenants that, among other things, require us to maintain tangible net worth of at least $4.9 million as of January 31, 2003. Since July 1997, we have, on occasion, been in violation of some of the covenants and in all cases have obtained waivers releasing us from our obligation to meet these covenants as of previous dates. However, it is possible that we may need a waiver for future periods and there are no guarantees that our bank will grant these waivers. If we do not meet these covenants and cannot obtain waivers, the lender could accelerate payments on the notes. Payment of these notes, prior to securing additional financing, could substantially weaken our financial condition. If we do not have sufficient funds available to make full payment of the notes when required, the bank could foreclose on Sigma's accounts receivable, inventories, general intangibles, equipment and tangible assets that collateralize the notes, which could harm our business.
If we are unable to maintain our listing on the Nasdaq National Market, the liquidity of our common stock could be seriously impaired.
Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq National Market, which specifies certain requirements for the continued listing of common stock. One of these requirements is that we must hold net tangible assets, or total assets less total liabilities, of at least $10 million. We held net tangible assets of approximately $5.8 million as of January 31, 2003, and approximately $9.4 million as of March 31, 2003. Consequently, the Nasdaq may notify us that we are not in compliance with this listing requirement, and will then likely require us to demonstrate a plan for establishing compliance with this requirement. If we are unable to demonstrate a satisfactory compliance plan, the Nasdaq may seek to de-list our common stock from the Nasdaq National Market. We believe we qualify for listing on the Nasdaq Small Cap Market; however, we cannot assure you that an active trading market will develop for our common stock in that market.
If our common stock is de-listed, and particularly, if we are unable to list our common stock on an alternative market such as the Nasdaq Small Cap Market, it would seriously limit the liquidity of our common stock and impair our potential to raise future capital through the sale of our common stock, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. De-listing could also reduce the ability of holders of our common stock to purchase or sell shares as quickly and as inexpensively as they have done historically, and may have an adverse effect on the trading price of our common stock, regardless of our operating performance. De-listing could also adversely affect our relationships with vendors and customers.
Marketing risks and volatility of OEM customer sales and resale distribution may harm our business.
Our ability to increase sales and achieve profitability depends substantially on our ability to achieve a sustained high level of sales to new OEM customers. We have not executed volume purchase agreements with any of our customers. Our customers are not under any obligation to purchase any minimum quantity of our products. Also, even if we achieve new design wins, we cannot assure you that these manufacturers will purchase our products in substantial volumes. Sales to any particular OEM customer fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter and are subject to severe price pressures by competitors. Any reductions in those sales could seriously harm our business. Based on our experience in the industry, we expect that our actual sales to OEM customers will continue to experience significant fluctuations. Also, estimates of future sales to any particular customer or groups of customers are inherently uncertain.
Our ability to achieve profitability also depends on, in a minor way, maintaining our current sales levels of streaming video and PC add-in products through domestic and international distributors for resale through corporate markets. Sales to such distributors are typically subject to contractual rights of inventory rotation or price protection. The failure of distributors to achieve sustained sell-through of our products could result in product returns or delayed or uncollectable receivables. For example, in the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2001, we recorded sales returns from one of our distributors in the amount of approximately $2.7 million recorded as reduction of revenue and $1.4 million recorded as an increase to our sales return reserve, respectively. We also provided for a bad debt allowance in the amount of approximately $2.1 million as of January 31, 2001. Such returns and uncollectable receivables could continue to contribute to fluctuations in our results of operations. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in obtaining or maintaining a significant market for these products.
Because we depend on a limited number of major customers, the reduction, delay or cancellation of orders from these customers or the loss of these customers may adversely affect our business.
During fiscal 2003, only one of our customers accounted for more than 10% of net revenues as compared to three customers that accounted for more than 10% of net revenues in fiscal 2002 and 2001. In fiscal 2003, one customer in Europe, two customers in the U.S. and two customers in Asia accounted for 47% of our total net revenues, as compared to three customers in the U.S. and one customer in Europe that accounted for 49% of our total net revenues in fiscal 2002, and two customers in the U.S and three customers in Asia that accounted for 55% of our total net revenues in fiscal 2001. Our dependence on a few major customers may continue along with other changes in the composition of our customer base. The reduction, delay or cancellations of orders from major customers or the loss of major customers could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, any difficulty in collection from key customers could harm our financial condition.
If the consumer appliance market fails to expand our business will be harmed.
Since fiscal 2001, we have shifted our core business from board products to the PC add-in market to chipset products to the consumer appliance market, under which our target customers are set-top box and DVD manufacturers. Currently, our sales from chipset products to set-top boxes and advanced DVD players account for a majority of our net revenues. We expect that providing advanced digital media processors to the consumer appliance market will continue to account for a significant portion of our net revenues in the foreseeable future. However, our strategy may not be successful. Given the current economic environment, consumer spending on home entertainment electronics and applications may not increase as we expect and may even decline. If we experience the delays in the deployment of digital processors and system solutions in the set-top boxes and advanced DVD players, or we do not successfully market and sell our products to our target manufacturers who incorporate integrated circuits into their systems or products, our business will be harmed.
Our failure to keep pace with technological change will seriously harm our business.
Our success depends, among other things, on our ability to achieve and maintain technological leadership and to remain competitive in terms of price and product performance.
Our technological leadership depends on our continued technological advancements and research and development investments in the area of MPEG video and audio decoding. These advancements include the following:
Compatibility with emerging standards and multiple platforms;
Improvements to our silicon architecture.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to make these advancements to our REALmagic technology. If we do make these advances, we cannot assure you that we will be able to achieve and maintain technological leadership. Any material failure by us or OEMs and software developers to develop or incorporate any required improvement could adversely affect the continued acceptance of our technology and the introduction and sale of future products based on our technology. We cannot assure you that products or technologies developed by others will not render obsolete our technology and the products based on our technology.
To be competitive, we must anticipate the needs of the market and successfully develop and introduce innovative new products in a timely fashion. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully complete the design of our new products, have these products manufactured at acceptable manufacturing yields, or obtain significant purchase orders for these products. The introduction of new products may adversely affect sales of existing products and contribute to fluctuations in operating results from quarter to quarter. Our introduction of new products also requires that we carefully manage our inventory to avoid inventory surplus and obsolescence. During fiscal 2003 and 2002, we wrote down our inventory in the amount of approximately $0.8 million and $1.4 million respectively, because of a continuing decline in demand for certain of our PC-related products. In addition, new products, as opposed to more mature products, typically have higher initial component costs. This higher cost could result in downward pressures on our gross margins.
Our industry is highly competitive and we cannot assure you that we will be able to effectively compete. If we fail to compete effectively, our growth could be substantially affected.
The market for multimedia products is highly competitive and is also influenced by embedded processors provided by multiple companies. Processors have, in recent years, included increased graphics functionality. Other companies with more experience and financial resources may develop a competitive product that could inhibit future growth of our REALmagic technology. Increased competition may be generated from several major computer product manufacturers that have developed products and technologies that could compete directly with REALmagic products. These competitors include:
STMicroelectronics;
Equator Technologies;
Zoran Corporation;
LSI Logic/C-Cube;
ESS Technology;
Broadcom;
Cirrus Logic;
TriMedia Technologies;
IBM;
ATI;
Oak Technology;
Texas Instruments.
In addition, for some applications, video decoding is done in software operating on today's more powerful CPUs. Most of our competitors have substantial experience and expertise in audio, video and multimedia technology and in producing and selling consumer products through retail distribution and OEM channels. These companies also have substantially greater engineering, marketing and financial resources than we have. Our competitors could form cooperative relationships that could present formidable competition to us. We cannot assure you that our REALmagic technology will achieve commercial success or that it will compete effectively against other interactive multimedia products, services and technologies that currently exist, are under development, or may be announced by competitors.
Our future revenue growth depends in large part on the adoption of MPEG technology and new CODECs.
Our business strategy is, and has been, to focus on REALmagic products by investing heavily in MPEG technology. We have made substantial investments in product development based on the latest MPEG technology, MPEG-4. Though MPEG-4 has gained some market acceptance, there is increasing competition from Microsoft's WMT and the ISO H.264 standard, a next generation video CODEC that forms an extension of MPEG-4. Though we intend to support new CODEC technologies as they become commercially viable, there is no guarantee that we can successfully develop these technologies in a timely manner or that competitors will not take the lead with these new technologies.
Our operating results are subject to significant fluctuations due to many factors and any of these factors could adversely affect our stock price.
Our operating results have fluctuated in the past and may continue to fluctuate in the future due to a number of factors, including but not limited to:
new product introductions by us and our competitors;
changes in our pricing models and product sales mix;
market acceptance of the technology embodied in our products generally and our products in particular;
customer acceptance of our products;
shifts in demand for the technology embodied in our products generally and our products in particular and those of our competitors;
gains or losses of significant customers;
reduction in average selling prices and gross margins, which could occur either gradually or precipitously;
inventory obsolescence;
write-downs of accounts receivable;
an interrupted or inadequate supply of semiconductor chips or other materials, for example, our source of supply for silicon wafers was, and may in the near future be affected by earthquakes in Taiwan;
our inability to protect our intellectual property;
loss of key personnel;
technical problems in the development, ramp up, and manufacturing of products which could cause shipping delays;
the effect of the terrorist attacks in the United States and any related conflicts or similar events worldwide;
availability of third-party manufacturing capacity for production of certain of our products; and
We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from sales to the Asia Pacific region, which is subject to economic instability. We cannot assure you that such instability will not have a material adverse effect on any future international revenues.
We face many risks because of our heavy reliance on certain manufacturers and suppliers that could harm our business and financial condition.
Our products and components are presently manufactured by outside suppliers or foundries. We do not have long-term contracts with these suppliers. We conduct business with our suppliers on a written purchase order basis. Our reliance on independent suppliers subjects us to several risks. These risks include:
the absence of adequate capacity;
the unavailability of, or interruptions in access to, certain process technologies; and
reduced control over delivery schedules, manufacturing yields and costs.
We obtain some of our components from a single source. In fiscal 2000 we experienced a delay and interruption from our source due to the earthquake in Taiwan in October 1999. We estimate that this event resulted in lost sales of about $2.5 million. Other delays or interruptions have not occurred to date, but any delay or interruption in the supply of any of the components required for the production of our REALmagic silicon or our REALmagic multimedia cards currently obtained from a single source could have a material adverse impact on our sales of REALmagic products, and on our business.
We must provide our suppliers with sufficient lead-time to meet our forecasted manufacturing objectives. Any failure to properly forecast such quantities could materially and adversely affect our ability to produce REALmagic products in sufficient quantities. We cannot assure you that our forecasts regarding new product demand will be accurate, particularly because we sell our REALmagic products on a purchase order basis. Manufacturing REALmagic chipsets is a complex process, and we may experience short-term difficulties in obtaining timely deliveries. This could affect our ability to meet customer demand for our products. Any such delay in delivering products in the future could materially and adversely affect our operating results. Also, should any of our major suppliers become unable or unwilling to continue to manufacture our key components in required volumes, we will have to identify and qualify acceptable additional suppliers. This qualification process could take up to three months or longer and additional sources of supply may not be in a position to satisfy our requirements on a timely basis.
In the past, we have experienced production delays and other difficulties, and we could experience similar problems in the future. In addition, product defects may occur and they may escape identification at the factory. This could result in unanticipated costs, cancellations, deferrals of purchase orders, or costly recall of products from customer sites.
Loss of key personnel could cause our business to suffer.
Our future success depends in large part on the continued service of our key technical, marketing, sales and management personnel. Given the complexity of REALmagic technology, we are dependent on our ability to retain and motivate highly skilled engineers involved in the ongoing hardware and software development of REALmagic products. These engineers are required to refine the existing hardware system and application programming interface and to introduce enhancements in future applications. Despite incentives we provide, our current employees may not continue to work for us, and if additional personnel were required for our operations, we may not able to obtain the services of additional personnel necessary for our growth.
We face risks related to intellectual property rights.
Our ability to compete may be affected by our ability to protect our proprietary information. We currently hold
twenty-two patents covering the technology underlying the REALmagic products. We have filed certain patent applications and are in the process of preparing others. We cannot assure that any additional patents for which we have applied will be issued or that any issued patents will provide meaningful protection of our product innovations. Like other emerging multimedia companies, we rely primarily on trade secrets and technological know- how in the conduct of our business. We also rely, in part, on copyright law to protect our proprietary rights with respect to our REALmagic technology. We use measures such as confidentiality agreements to protect our intellectual property. These methods of protecting our intellectual property may not be sufficient. The electronics industry is characterized by frequent litigation regarding patent and intellectual property rights. Any such litigation could result in significant expense to us and divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel. In the event of an adverse result in any such litigation, we could be required to expend significant resources to develop non-infringing technology or to obtain licenses to the technology that is the subject of the litigation, and we may not be successful in such development or in obtaining such licenses on acceptable terms, if at all. In addition, patent disputes in the electronics industry have often been settled through cross- licensing arrangements. Because we do not yet have a large portfolio of issued patents, we may not be able to settle an alleged patent infringement claim through a cross-licensing arrangement.
Our international operations are subject to certain risks.
During fiscal 2003, 2002, and 2001, sales to international customers accounted for approximately 67%, 42%, and 65% of our total net revenues, respectively. We anticipate that sales to international customers, including sales of REALmagic products, will continue to account for a substantial percentage of our net revenues. Also, some of the foundries that manufacture our products and components are located in Asia. Overseas sales and purchases to date have been denominated in U.S. dollars.
Due to the concentration of international sales and the manufacturing capacity in Europe and Asia, we are subject to the risks of conducting business internationally. These risks include unexpected changes in regulatory requirements and fluctuations in the U.S. dollar that could increase the sales price in local currencies of our products in international markets, or make it difficult for us to obtain price reductions from our foundries. We do not currently engage in any hedging activities to reduce our exposure to exchange rate risks. If and when we engage in transactions in foreign currencies, our results of operations could be adversely affected by exchange rate fluctuations.
We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from sales to Asia Pacific region. This region of the world is subject to increased levels of economic instability, and this instability could seriously harm our results of operations.
Our stock price may be volatile.
The market of our common stock has been subject to significant volatility. This volatility is expected to continue. The following factors, among others, may have a significant impact on the market price of our common stock:
our announcement of the introduction of new products;
our competitors' announcements of the introduction of new products; and
market conditions in the technology, entertainment and emerging growth company sectors.
The stock market has experienced, and is currently experiencing, volatility that particularly affects the market prices of equity securities of many high technology and development stage companies, such as those in the electronics industry. This volatility is often unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of such companies. These fluctuations, as well as general economic and market conditions, could decrease the price of our common stock.
Critical Accounting Policies
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expense during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition, accounts receivable, and inventories. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Revenue Recognition - Revenues mainly consist of product and development revenue. Revenues from product sales to OEMs, distributors and end users are generally recognized upon shipment, as our shipping terms are FOB shipping point, except that revenues are deferred when we cannot reasonably estimate the amount of returns or where collectibility is not assured. In those situations, revenue is recognized when collection subsequently becomes probable and returns are estimable (generally upon resale by customers or "Sell-through Basis"). Allowances for sales returns, price protection and warranty costs are recorded at the time that revenues are recognized. In fiscal 2001, we began recognizing revenue from our primary U.S. distributor on a Sell-through Basis. This practice resulted from significant sales returns, which we accepted from the distributor outside of the terms of our distribution agreement. Under terms of a distribution agreement entered into with the distributor in fiscal 2002, we have granted the distributor the right of return and price protection, which allows the distributor to return any product, which is in the original packaging, for full credit up to 180 days after the earlier of the agreement expiration or early termination. The price protection provision allows the distributor to receive a credit for the difference between the original price and the reduced price of our products within their inventory. Although the returns are not frequent in nature, we have not been reasonably able to estimate returns from this distributor regarding our video networking products. Consequently, pursuant to our above policy, revenue from this distributor is recognized upon resale to the distributor's end- customers.
Revenues from product development agreements were recognized in fiscal 2003 when billed and collection was assured as compared to the percentage of completion method in fiscal 2002. The change in method was due to extensions in development schedules that subsequently arose. Under the percentage-of- completion method, estimates are reviewed and revised periodically throughout the lives of the contracts. Any revisions are recorded in the accounting period in which the need for revisions becomes evident. We classify all development costs related to such agreements as research and development expenses. Development revenues were $458,000, $406,000, and $1.9 million, for fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
Accounts Receivable - During industry downturns, certain of our customers have difficulty with their cash flows. Certain customers, typically those with whom we have long-term relationships, may delay their payments by 40-60 days beyond the original terms. We review the ability of our customers to pay the indebtedness they incur with us. We defer recognition of revenue and the related receivable when we cannot reasonably estimate whether collectibility is assured at the time products and services are delivered to our customer. We provide an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. These estimated allowances are periodically reviewed, analyzing the customer's payment history and information regarding credit worthiness. In fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, we recorded a provision for general and specific bad debt allowance in the total amount of $60,000, $60,000,
and $2.2 million respectively. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required. Inventories - We continue to monitor our inventory levels in light of product development changes and expectations of an eventual market upturn. We may be required to take additional charges for excess and obsolete inventories if the current industry downturn extends further into the future than we have currently estimated or we make changes in our current product development plans. We estimate inventory reserves for excess and obsolete inventories based on our assessments of future product sales giving consideration for factors such as the cyclical nature of our industry. These forecasts require us to estimate our ability to see demand for current and future products and compare those estimates with our current inventory levels. If these forecasts or estimates change adversely, or our product roadmaps change, then we would need further write down inventory.
Deferred Tax Assets - We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. In the event we were to determine that we would be able to realize deferred tax assets in the future in excess of the net recorded amount, an adjustment to the deferred tax asset would increase income in the period such determination was made.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2002, the Financial Accounting Standard Board ("FASB") issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 146, "Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities", which addresses accounting for restructuring and similar costs. SFAS 146 supersedes previous accounting guidance, principally Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") Issue No. 94-3. The Company will adopt the provisions of SFAS 146 for restructuring activities initiated after December 31, 2002. SFAS 146 requires that the liability for costs associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized when the liability is incurred. Under EITF 94-3, a liability for an exit cost was recognized at the date of the Company's commitment to an exit plan. SFAS 146 also establishes that the liability should initially be measured and recorded at fair value. Accordingly, SFAS 146 may affect the timing of recognizing future restructuring costs as well as the amounts recognized.
In November 2002, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 45 ("FIN 45"), "Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others." FIN 45 requires that upon issuance of a guarantee, the guarantor must recognize a liability for the fair value of the obligation it assumes under that guarantee. The initial recognition and measurement provisions of FIN 45 apply on a prospective basis to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002. The Company adopted the disclosure requirements of FIN 45 effective December 31, 2002. As the Company did not have any material guarantees outstanding, the issuance of FIN 45 did not have an effect on the Company's financial statements.
In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation - Transition and Disclosure", which amends SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock- Based Compensation". SFAS No. 148 provides alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In addition, SFAS No. 148 amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123 to require prominent disclosure about the effects on reported net income of an entity's accounting policy decision with respect to stock-based employee compensation, and requires disclosure about those effects in both annual and interim financial statements. SFAS No. 148 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2002. The Company does not expect to change to using the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation; and therefore, adoption of SFAS No. 148 is not expected to have an impact on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.
In November 2002, the EITF reached a consensus on Issue No. 00-21, "Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables." EITF 00-21 addresses certain aspects of the accounting by a vendor for arrangements under which the vendor will perform multiple revenue generating activities. The EITF will be effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2003. We have not yet determined the impact of the adoption of EITF 00-21 on the Company's results of operations or financial position.
ITEM 7A.
ITEM 7A.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The following discussion about our market risk disclosures involves forward-looking statements. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. We face exposure to market risk from adverse movements in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, which could affect our operations and financial condition. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.
Interest Rate Sensitivity. At January 31, 2003, we did not hold any short-term investments generally consisting of the U.S. government and corporate debt securities with an average original maturity of less than one year.
At January 31, 2003, we had $12.0 million outstanding under a $12.0 million variable interest rate bank line of credit, no borrowings outstanding under our $5.0 million and $1.0 million variable interest rate bank lines of credit and utilized $200,000 of a standby letter of credit under the second line of credit. If short-term interest rates were to increase 10 percent, the increased interest expense associated with these arrangements would not have a material impact on our net income and cash flows.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Sensitivity. The Hong Kong dollar and Euro are the financial currencies of our subsidiaries in Hong Kong and France. We do not currently enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge certain balance sheet exposures and intercompany balances against future movements in foreign exchange rates. However, we do maintain cash balances denominated in the Hong Kong dollar and Euro. If foreign exchange rates were to weaken against the U.S. dollar immediately and uniformly by 10 percent from the exchange rate at January 31, 2003, the fair value of these foreign currency amounts would decline by an immaterial amount.
ITEM 8.
ITEM 8.	FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The financial statements required by this item, the notes related thereto, and the independent auditors' report appear on pages through and S-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 9.
ITEM 9.	CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.
PART III
ITEM 10.
ITEM 10.	DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The information required by this item concerning our directors is incorporated by reference from the information set forth in the section entitled "Proposal One-Election of Directors" contained in our Proxy Statement relating to the 2003 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K (the "Proxy Statement"). The information required by this item concerning our executive officers is incorporated by reference to the information set forth in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The information regarding delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is set forth in the section entitled "Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 11.
ITEM 11.	EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this item regarding executive compensation is incorporated by reference from the information set forth in the sections entitled "Election of Directors-Compensation of Directors" and "Other Information-Executive Compensation" contained in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 12.
ITEM 12.	SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by this item regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is incorporated by reference from the information set forth in the section entitled "Other Information-Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" contained in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 13.
ITEM 13.	CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
During the quarter ended October 31, 2002, Sigma executed an agreement to sublease approximately 2,600 square feet of its headquarters' facility to a start-up company founded by Mr. William J Almon, a member of Sigma's board of directors. The term of the sublease is one year at the same market rate per square foot as our lease arrangement with our landlord. Additional information required by this item regarding certain relationships and related transactions is set forth in the section entitled "Transactions with Management" contained in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14.
ITEM 14. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.
Within 90 days prior to the filing date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the "Evaluation Date"), we evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rules 13a-14(c) and 15-d-14(c) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures, as of the Evaluation Date, are effective to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms.
(b) Changes in internal controls.
Subsequent to the Evaluation Date, there were no significant changes (including corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies or material weaknesses) in our internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls.
PART IV
ITEM 15.
ITEM 15.	EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8- K
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
1.	Consolidated Financial Statements
Page
Independent Auditors' Report
F-
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of January 31, 2003 and 2002
F-
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended January 31, 2003, 2002, and 2001
F-
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended January 31, 2003, 2002, and
F-
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended January 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001
F-
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-
2.	Consolidated Financial Statements Schedules
Schedule II-Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves
S-
All other schedules have been omitted as they are not required, not applicable, or the required information is otherwise included.
(b)	Reports on Form 8-K
No reports on Form 8-K were filed during the fourth quarter ended February 1, 2003.
(c)	Exhibits
The exhibits listed on the accompanying index to exhibits immediately following the financial statement schedules are incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Milpitas, State of California, on the 28th day of April 2003.
SIGMA DESIGNS, INC.
By: /s/ Thinh Q. Tran
Chairman of the Board,
President, and Chief Executive Officer
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Thinh Q. Tran and Kit Tsui, and each of them, jointly and severally, his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact, each with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each said attorney-in-fact and agent, or his or her substitute or substitutes or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1934, THIS ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K HAS BEEN SIGNED BY THE FOLLOWING PERSONS ON BEHALF OF THE OF THE REGISTRANT AND IN THE CAPACITIES AND ON THE DATES INDICATED:
Signature
Title
Date
/s/ Thinh Q. Tran	
Thinh Q. Tran
Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
April 28, 2003
/s/ Kit Tsui	
Kit Tsui
Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
(Principal Accounting Officer)
April 28, 2003
/s/ William J. Almon	
William J. Almon
Director
April 28, 2003
/s/ William Wang 	
William Wang
Director
April 28, 2003
/s/ Julien Nguyen 	
Julien Nguyen
Director
April 28, 2003
CERTIFICATIONS
Certification of Principal Executive Officer under Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, Thinh Tran, certify that:
1.	I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Sigma Designs, Inc.;
2.	Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;
3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;
.	The registrant's other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d- 14) for the registrant and we have:
a)	designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;
b)	evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this annual report (the "Evaluation Date"); and
c)	presented in this annual report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;
5.	The registrant's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) 	all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant's auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and
b)	any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal controls;
6.	The registrant's other certifying officers and I have indicated in this annual report whether or not there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.
Date: April 28, 2003
/s/ Thinh Tran					
						Thinh Tran
Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer
Certification of Principal Financial Officer under Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, Kit Tsui, certify that:
1.	I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Sigma Designs, Inc.;
2.	Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;
3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;
4.	The registrant's other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d- 14) for the registrant and we have:
a)	designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;
b)	evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this annual report (the "Evaluation Date"); and
c)	presented in this annual report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;
5.	The registrant's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) 	all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant's auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and
b)	any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal controls;
6.	The registrant's other certifying officers and I have indicated in this annual report whether or not there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.
Date: April 28, 2003
/s/ Kit Tsui				
				Kit Tsui
					Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
					INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Sigma Designs, Inc.:			
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Sigma Designs, Inc. and subsidiaries as of January 31, 2003 and 2002, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders' equity and comprehensive income (loss) and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended January 31, 2003. Our audits also include the financial statement schedule listed in Item 14(a)2. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Sigma Designs, Inc. and subsidiaries at January 31, 2003 and 2002, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended January 31, 2003 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
San Jose, California
February 28, 2003 (March 10, 2003 as to Note 15)
SIGMA DESIGNS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
JANUARY 31, 2003 and 2002 (In thousands, except share data)
2003 2002 --------- --------- ASSETS CURRENT ASSETS: Cash and cash equivalents............................... $ 755 $ 5,056 Short-term investments.................................. -- 943 Accounts receivable (net of allowances of $922 in 2003 and $1,664 in 2002)...................... 4,366 2,168 Inventories............................................. 2,472 4,482 Restricted cash......................................... 12,000 12,000 Prepaid expenses and other.............................. 176 521 --------- --------- Total current assets........................... 19,769 25,170
EQUIPMENT & LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS - net.................. 1,331 831 OTHER ASSETS............................................. 317 273 --------- --------- TOTAL..................................................... $ 21,417 $ 26,274 ========= =========
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY CURRENT LIABILITIES: Bank line of credit..................................... $ 12,000 $ 12,000 Accounts payable........................................ 1,502 1,115 Accrued liabilities..................................... 1,681 1,336 Current portion of capital lease obligations............ 127 244 --------- --------- Total current liabilities...................... 15,310 14,695 --------- --------- CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS................................. -- 113 OTHER LONG - TERM LIABILITIES............................. 305 --
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 10)
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY: Common stock - no par value: 35,000,000 shares authorized; shares outstanding: 2003, 16,642,571; 2002, 16,378,042..................... 68,295 67,884 Accumulated other comprehensive income.................. 13 31 Accumulated deficit..................................... (62,506) (56,449) --------- --------- Total shareholders' equity 5,802 11,466 --------- --------- TOTAL..................................................... $ 21,417 $ 26,274 ========= =========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
SIGMA DESIGNS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31, 2003, 2002 AND 2001 (In thousands, except per share data)
2003 2002 2001 --------- --------- --------- NET REVENUES............................ $ 18,139 $ 13,437 $ 29,476
COSTS AND EXPENSES: Cost of revenues...................... 8,126 7,909 20,661 Research and development.............. 8,366 8,123 7,384 Sales and marketing................... 4,528 4,318 4,152 General and administrative............ 2,966 2,758 4,511 --------- --------- --------- Total costs and expenses..... 23,986 23,108 36,708 --------- --------- --------- LOSS FROM OPERATIONS (5,847) (9,671) (7,232)
Interest income....................... 185 773 1,355 Interest expense...................... (270) (584) (936) Other expense, net.................... (159) (906) (53) --------- --------- --------- LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAXES................ (6,091) (10,388) (6,866) PROVISION (BENEFIT) FOR INCOME TAXES.... (34) 4 2 --------- --------- ---------
NET LOSS ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS.......................... $ (6,057) $ (10,392) $ (6,868) ========= ========= ========= NET LOSS PER SHARE: Basic and Diluted..................... $ (0.37) $ (0.64) $ (0.42) ========= ========= ========= SHARES USED IN COMPUTATION: Basic and Diluted..................... 16,482 16,317 16,262 ========= ========= =========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
SIGMA DESIGNS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31, 2003, 2002 AND 2001 (In thousands, except share data)
Accumu- lated Share- Other holder Compre- Total Common Stock Notes hensive Accumu- Compre- ----------------------- Receiv- Income lated hensive Shares Amount able (Loss) Deficit Total Loss ----------- ---------- -------- -------- ---------- -------- -------- Balances, Febuary 1, 2000...... 16,220,780 $ 67,461 $ (11) $ 142 $ (39,189) $ 28,403
Net loss....................... - - - (6,868) (6,868) $ (6,868) Unrealized loss on investments. - - - (114) - (114) (114) Accumulated translation adjustment................... - - - 26 - 26 26 -------- Comprehensive loss............. $ (6,956) ======== Common stock issued under stock plans.................. 131,684 308 - - - 308 Exercise of common stock warrants..................... 5,000 26 - - - 26 Cancellation of Active Designs shares............... (44,000) (10) 10 - - - ----------- ---------- -------- -------- ---------- -------- Balances, January 31, 2001..... 16,313,464 67,785 (1) 54 (46,057) 21,781
Net loss....................... - - - (10,392) (10,392) $(10,392) Unrealized loss on investments. - - - (15) - (15) (15) Accumulated translation adjustment................... - - - (8) - (8) (8) -------- Comprehensive loss............. $(10,415) ======== Common stock issued under stock plans.................. 69,859 100 - - - 100 Cancellation of Active Designs shares............... (5,281) (1) 1 - - - ----------- ---------- -------- -------- ---------- -------- Balances, January 31, 2002..... 16,378,042 67,884 - 31 (56,449) 11,466
Net loss....................... - - - (6,057) (6,057) $ (6,057) Unrealized loss on investments. - - - (13) - (13) (13) Accumulated translation adjustment................... - - - (5) - (5) (5) -------- Comprehensive loss............. $ (6,075) ======== Common stock issued under stock plans.................. 264,529 411 - - - 411
----------- ---------- -------- -------- ---------- -------- Balances, January 31, 2003..... 16,642,571 $ 68,295 $ - $ 13 $ (62,506) $ 5,802 =========== ========== ======== ======== ========== ========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
SIGMA DESIGNS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31, 2003, 2002 AND 2001 (In thousands)
2003 2002 2001 -------- -------- -------- CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: Net loss.........................................$ (6,057) $(10,392) $ (6,868) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities: Depreciation and amortization................... 596 665 789 Provision for inventory valuation............... 745 1,398 1,941 Provision for bad debts and sales returns....... 60 60 2,152 Loss on disposal of assets...................... -- 22 13 Investment impairment charge.................... 172 927 51 Accretion of contributed leasehold improvements. (27) -- -- Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable........................... (2,258) 2,894 5,779 Inventories................................... 1,265 2,279 (2,078) Prepaid expenses and other.................... 345 (225) 201 Accounts payable.............................. 387 (1,308) 146 Accrued liabilities and other................. 278 (116) (59) -------- -------- -------- Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities....................... (4,494) (3,796) 2,067 -------- -------- -------- CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Equipment additions............................... (697) (172) (364) Purchases of short-term investments............... (4,368) (6,773) (37,636) Maturity of short-term investments................ 5,298 10,722 38,978 Other assets...................................... (216) (118) (1,019) -------- -------- -------- Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities........................ 17 3,659 (41) -------- -------- -------- CASH FLOWS USED FOR FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Bank line of credit borrowings, net............... -- -- (41) Proceeds from sale of common stock................ 411 100 334 Repayment of capital lease obligations............ (230) (321) (382) -------- -------- -------- Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities........................ 181 (221) (89) -------- -------- --------
Effect of exchange rates changes on cash............ (5) (8) 26 -------- -------- -------- INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS.... (4,301) (366) 1,963
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Beginning of year................................. 5,056 5,422 3,459 -------- -------- -------- End of year......................................$ 755 $ 5,056 $ 5,422 ======== ======== ========
CASH PAID FOR INTEREST.............................$ 270 $ 584 $ 916 ======== ======== ========
CASH PAID (RECEIVED) FOR INCOME TAXES..............$ (34) $ 4 $ 2 ======== ======== ========
NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Contributed leasehold improvements...............$ 400 $ -- $ -- ======== ======== ========
Equipment acquired under capital leases..........$ -- $ -- $ 541 ======== ======== ======== Cancellation of notes receivable and related common stock...................................$ -- $ 1 $ 10 ======== ======== ========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
SIGMA DESIGNS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31, 2003, 2002 AND 2001
_____________________________________________________________________________________
1.	NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature of Operations - Sigma Designs, Inc. (the Company) develops, manufactures and markets MPEG decoders primarily for consumer appliances and commercial systems. The Company sells its products to consumer equipment manufacturers, distributors, value-added resellers and corporate customers.
Principle of Consolidation - The consolidated financial statements include Sigma Designs, Inc. and subsidiaries. Intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated.
Accounting Period - The Company's fiscal year ends on the Saturday closest to January 31. For convenience, the financial statements are shown as ending January 31, although the fiscal years ended on February 1, 2003, February 2, 2002, and February 3, 2001, respectively. Fiscal 2001 included 53 weeks, and fiscal 2003 and 2002 each included 52 weeks.
Pervasiveness of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates used in preparing these financial statements are related primarily to accounts receivable allowances, inventory valuation allowances, impairment of investments and long-lived assets, and deferred tax asset valuation allowances. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimates will change within the next year.
Concentration of Credit Risk - Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. The majority of the Company's cash and cash equivalents are on deposit with one financial institution. The Company's short-term investments are managed by a major domestic financial institution, in a portfolio with defined investment objectives of competitive money market returns, high liquidity and safety of capital. Its portfolio of short-term investments typically includes United States government obligations and corporate obligations. From time to time, the Company also makes investments in certificates of deposit with financial institutions, outside of its third-party managed portfolio. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not require collateral for sales on credit. The Company maintains reserves for potential credit losses.
Cash and Cash Equivalents - The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a remaining maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Short-Term Investments - The Company's short- term investments represent debt securities which are stated at fair value. All short-term investments are classified as available-for-sale. Any temporary difference between an investment's cost and its market value is recorded as a separate component of shareholders' equity until such gains and losses are realized. Available-for-sale securities are classified in the balance sheet based on management's current intended use for the securities. Gains and losses on the sale of securities are computed using the specific identification method.
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market. The Company periodically reviews its inventories for excess and obsolete inventory items and adjusts carrying costs to estimated net realizable values when they are determined to be less than cost. As a result of this inventory review, the Company charged approximately $745,000, $1,398,000 and $1,941,000 to cost of revenues for the years ended January 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
Restricted Cash represents funds on deposit in accounts which have been assigned to the Company's lender under a bank line of credit (see Note 7) and as such, is unavailable to fund operations.
Investments in private equity securities of less than 20% owned companies are accounted for using the cost method unless the Company can exercise significant influence or the investee is economically dependent upon the Company, in which case the equity method is used.
Equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method based on the useful lives of the assets (three to five years) or the lease term if shorter. The contributed leasehold improvement provided by the landlord for the Company's current facility is amortized by straight-line method through the leasehold period.
Long Lived Assets - The Company evaluates long- lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.
Revenue Recognition - Revenues mainly consist of product and development revenue. Revenues from product sales to OEMs, distributors and end users are generally recognized upon shipment, as our shipping terms are FOB shipping point, except that revenues are deferred when we cannot reasonably estimate the amount of returns or where collectibility is not assured. In those situations, revenue is recognized when collection subsequently becomes probable and returns are estimable (generally upon resale by customers or "Sell-through Basis"). Allowances for sales returns, price protection and warranty costs are recorded at the time that revenues are recognized. In fiscal 2001, the Company began recognizing revenue from its primary U.S. distributor on a Sell-through Basis. This practice resulted from significant sales returns, which the Company accepted from the distributor outside of the terms of our distribution agreement. Under terms of a distribution agreement entered into with the distributor in fiscal 2002, the Company has granted the distributor the right of return and price protection, which allows the distributor to return any product, which is in the original packaging, for full credit up to 180 days after the earlier of the agreement expiration or early termination. The price protection provision allows the distributor to receive a credit for the difference between the original price and the reduced price of the Company's products within their inventory. Although the returns are not frequent in nature, management has not been able to reasonably estimate returns from this distributor regarding the Company's video networking products. Consequently, pursuant to the Company's above policy, revenue from this distributor is recognized on a Sell-through Basis.
Revenues from product development agreements were recognized in fiscal 2003 when billed and collection was assured as compared to the percentage of completion method in fiscal 2002. The change in method was due to extensions in development schedules that subsequently arose, and resulted in the reversal of $70,000 of unbilled development revenue in the second quarter of fiscal 2003 which had been previously recorded in fiscal 2002 under the percentage of completion method. Under percentage of completion method, estimates are revised periodically throughout the lives of the contracts. Any revisions are recorded in the accounting period in which the need for revisions becomes evident. The Company classifies all development costs related to such agreements as research and development expenses. Development revenues were $458,000, $406,000, and $1,852,000, for fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
Research and Development expenses include costs and expenses associated with the design and development of new products. To the extent that such costs include the development of computer software, they are generally incurred prior to the establishment of the technological feasibility of the related product that is under development. Accordingly, software costs incurred after the establishment of technological feasibility have not been material and therefore have been expensed. All other research and development is expensed as incurred.
Income Taxes - Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences between financial statement and income tax reporting. Income taxes are accounted for under an asset and liability approach. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for future taxable amounts and deferred tax assets are recognized for future deductions net of a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts that are more likely than not to be realized.
Stock-Based Compensation - The Company accounts for stock-based awards to employees using the intrinsic value method in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion ("APB") No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees", and all of its interpretations. Accordingly, no compensation expense has been recognized in the financial statement for employee stock arrangements granted at fair market value.
The Company accounts for equity instruments issued to non- employees in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 123 "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," which requires that the fair value of such instruments be recognized as an expense over the period in which the related services are received. SFAS No. 123 requires the disclosure of pro forma net income and earnings per share had the Company adopted the fair value method as of the beginning of fiscal 1996. Under SFAS No. 123, the fair value of stock- based awards to employees is calculated through the use of option pricing models, even though such models were developed to estimate the fair value of freely tradable, fully transferable options without vesting restrictions, which significantly differ from the Company's stock option awards. These models also require subjective assumptions, including future stock price volatility and expected time to exercise, which greatly affect the calculated values. The Company's calculations were made using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions assumptions for fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively; expected life, 18, 18 and 18 months following vesting; stock volatility, 104%, 104% and 100%; risk free interest rates, 3.03%, 4.67% and 4.84%; and no dividends during the expected term.
The Company's calculations are based on a multiple option valuation approach and forfeitures are recognized as they occur. If the computed fair values of awards had been amortized to expense over the vesting period of the awards, pro forma net loss attributable to common shareholders would have been as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Years Ended January 31, --------------------- --------- 2003 2002 2001 --------- --------- --------- Net loss as reported $ (6,057) $ (10,392) $ (6,868) Add: stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net loss................... -- -- -- Deduct: stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method........ (1,158) (1,243) (1,449) --------- --------- --------- Pro forma net loss................................ $ (7,215) $ (11,635) $ (8,317) ========= ========= =========
Basic and diluted net loss per share: As reported..................................... $ (0.37) $ (0.64) $ (0.42) ========= ========= ========= Pro forma....................................... $ (0.44) $ (0.71) $ (0.51) ========= ========= =========
Foreign Currency - The functional currency of the Company's foreign subsidiaries is the local currency of each country. Accordingly, gains and losses from the translation of the financial statements of the foreign subsidiaries are included in shareholders' equity. Transaction gains and losses, which are included in the other expenses, net, in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, have not been significant for all years presented.
Net Income (Loss) per Share - Basic earnings per share (EPS) excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that would occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock (see Note 8).
Fair Value of Financial Instruments - The Company believes that carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets as of January 31, 2003 and 2002 for cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, investments and line of credit borrowings approximate fair market value.
Geographic Operating Information - SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information," provides annual and interim reporting standards for an enterprise's business segments and related disclosures about its products, services, geographical areas and major customers. The Company operates in one reportable segment (Note 14).
Derivatives - As a matter of policy, the Company does not currently enter into transactions involving derivative financial instruments. In the event the Company enters into such transactions in the future, the Company will account for those transactions in accordance with SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities", in which case the Company will formally document all relationships between the hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking such hedge transactions.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements - In June 2002, the FASB issued SFAS 146, "Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities", which addresses accounting for restructuring and similar costs. SFAS 146 supersedes previous accounting guidance, principally Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") Issue No. 94-3. The Company will adopt the provisions of SFAS 146 for restructuring activities initiated after December 31, 2002. SFAS 146 requires that the liability for costs associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized when the liability is incurred. Under Issue 94-3, a liability for an exit cost was recognized at the date of the Company's commitment to an exit plan. SFAS 146 also establishes that the liability should initially be measured and recorded at fair value. Accordingly, SFAS 146 may affect the timing of recognizing future restructuring costs as well as the amounts recognized.
In November 2002, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 45 ("FIN 45"), "Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others." FIN 45 requires that upon issuance of a guarantee, the guarantor must recognize a liability for the fair value of the obligation it assumes under that guarantee. The initial recognition and measurement provisions of FIN 45 apply on a prospective basis to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002. The Company adopted the disclosure requirements of FIN 45 effective December 31, 2002. As the Company did not have any material guarantees outstanding, the issuance of FIN 45 did not have an effect on the Company's financial statements.
In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation - Transition and Disclosure", which amends FASB Statement No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation". SFAS No. 148 provides alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In addition, SFAS No. 148 amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123 to require prominent disclosure about the effects on reported net income of an entity's accounting policy decision with respect to stock-based employee compensation, and requires disclosure about those effects in both annual and interim financial statements. SFAS No. 148 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2002. The Company does not expect to change to using the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation; and therefore, adoption of SFAS No. 148 is not expected to have an impact on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.
In November 2002, the EITF reached a consensus on Issue No. 00-21, "Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables." EITF 00-21 addresses certain aspects of the accounting by a vendor for arrangements under which the vendor will perform multiple revenue generating activities. The EITF will be effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2003. We have not yet determined the impact of the adoption of EITF 00-21 on the Company's results of operations or financial position.
2.	SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
Short-term investments included the following securities and gross unrealized losses and gains as of January 31, 2002 (in thousands). Fair values are based on quoted market prices obtained from the Company's broker. All of the Company's short-term investments are classified as available for sale, since the Company intends to sell them as needed for operations.
Unrealized Unrealized Loss on Gain on Invest- Invest- Market Cost ment ment Value --------- ---------- ---------- ---------
January 31, 2002: Corporate debt securities.. $930 -- $13 $943 ========= ========== ========== =========
3.	INVESTMENT IMPAIRMENT CHARGE
In fiscal 2003, the Company recorded approximately $172,000 of impairment losses to other expenses, net, which consists of $142,000 related to the elimination of the carrying amount of an investment of a closely- held technology company of which the Company owns less than 6% of the outstanding capital stock, due to the continued weakness in the software development industry, and $30,000 related to a joint venture partnership. In fiscal 2002, the Company recorded approximately $927,000 of impairment losses to other expenses, net, related to its investment in the same closely-held technology company.
4.	INVENTORIES
Inventories at January 31 consist of (in thousands):
2003 2002 ---------- ---------- Raw materials................................. $648 $1,568 Work in process............................... 515 1,338 Finished goods................................ 1,309 1,576 ---------- ---------- Inventories................................... $2,472 $4,482 ========== ==========
5.	EQUIPMENT
Equipment at January 31 consists of (in thousands):
2003 2002 ---------- ---------- Computers and test equipment.................. $4,655 $4,387 Furniture and fixtures........................ 1,277 654 Other......................................... 94 119 ---------- ---------- Total......................................... 6,026 5,160 Accumulated depreciation and amortization..... (4,695) (4,329) ---------- ---------- Equipment - net............................... $1,331 $831 ========== ==========
At January 31, 2003 and 2002, equipment with a net book value of
$149,000 and $361,000 (net of accumulated amortization of $659,000 and $1,118,000, respectively), has been leased under capital leases.
6. ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Accrued liabilities at January 31 consist of (in thousands):
2003 2002 ---------- ---------- Accrued salary and benefits................... $530 $509 Other accrued liabilities..................... 1,151 827 ---------- ---------- Total......................................... $1,681 $1,336 ========== ==========
7.	BANK LINES OF CREDIT
The Company has $12,000,000 outstanding as of January 31, 2003 and 2002 under a $12,000,000 bank line of credit that expires in October 2003, bearing interest at the U.S. Term Deposit rate (0.65% at January 31, 2003) plus 0.85%, and primarily collateralized by $12,000,000 of funds on deposit in accounts which have been assigned to the lender and included in the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2003 as restricted cash.
The Company also has a $5,000,000 bank line of credit that expires in October 2003, under which the Company had availability to draw down approximately $2,100,000 as of January 31, 2003, primarily collateralized by the Company's accounts receivable, inventories, equipment and intangibles. The Company has $200,000 of standby letters of credit outstanding as of January 31, 2003 under the same bank line of credit. Borrowings under this line of credit are generally limited to a maximum 70% of eligible accounts receivable (as defined) subject to the Company's ability to maintain compliance with various restrictive covenants.
In addition, the Company has a bank line of credit of $1,000,000 that expires in October 2003, which is secured by substantially all the Company's assets. Borrowings under this arrangement are not available until certain covenants are met.
The line of credit agreements contain certain covenants that, among other things, require the Company to maintain certain levels of tangible net worth plus subordinated debt (Tangible Net Worth). At January 31, 2003, the Company was required to maintain Tangible Net Worth of at least $4,900,000.
8.	SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common Stock
Net loss per share - basic and diluted for the periods presented is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average of common shares outstanding (excluding shares subject to repurchase). Net loss per share - diluted reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. Common stock equivalents are excluded from the computation in loss periods, as their effect would be antidilutive
The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted EPS computations for the periods presented (in thousands, except per-share data):
Years Ended January 31, --------------------- --------- 2003 2002 2001 --------- --------- --------- Numerator: Net loss attributable to common shareholders, basic and diluted............................... $ (6,057) $ (10,392) $ (6,868) --------- --------- --------- Denominator: Weighted average common shares outstanding.............................. 16,482 16,318 16,305 Weighted average common shares outstanding subject to repurchase........ -- (1) (43) --------- --------- --------- Shares used in computation, basic and diluted. 16,482 16,317 16,262 --------- --------- ---------
Net loss per share, basic and diluted......... $ (0.37) $ (0.64) $ (0.42) ========= ========= =========
A summary of the excluded potential dilutive securities as of the end of each fiscal year follows (in thousands):
Years Ended January 31, --------------------- --------- 2003 2002 2001 --------- --------- --------- Common shares subject to repurchase..... -- -- 5 Stock options........................... 4,606 4,108 3,421 Stock warrants.......................... -- -- 50
Stock Option Plan
During fiscal 2002, the Company adopted the 2001 employee stock option plan and reserved 500,000 shares of the Company's common stock for issuance under the plan, with an automatic annual increases on the first day of the Company's fiscal year equal to the lesser of (i) 1,000,000 shares, (ii) 4% of the Company's outstanding common stock on such date or (iii) a lesser number of shares as determined by the Board of Directors, commencing February 1, 2002. The Company's 1994 stock option plan provides for the granting of options to purchase up to 4,400,000 shares of common stock. Generally, the 1994 and 2001 plans provide for the granting of options to purchase shares of common stock at the fair market value on the date of grant. Options granted under the 1994 and 2001 plans become exercisable over a five-year period and expire no more than ten years from the date of grant (all options outstanding at January 31, 2003 expire ten years from date of grant).
Stock option activity and balances are summarized as follow:
Weighted Average Exercise Number Price of Per Shares Share ----------- ---------- Balances, Febuary 1, 2000 (1,360,270 exercisable at a weighted-average price of $2.37)..................................... 2,836,076 $2.65
Granted (weighted-average fair value of $2.59).. 960,500 3.57 Canceled........................................ (278,855) 3.79 Exercised....................................... (96,540) 2.34 ----------- Balances, January 31, 2001 (1,733,336 exercisable at a weighted-average price of $2.48)..................................... 3,421,181 2.83
Granted (weighted-average fair value of $0.93).. 837,500 1.28 Canceled........................................ (148,887) 2.97 Exercised....................................... (1,825) 1.00 ----------- Balances, January 31, 2002 (2,342,038 exercisable at a weighted-average price of $2.60)..................................... 4,107,969 2.51
Granted (weighted-average fair value of $1.35).. 748,000 1.84 Canceled........................................ (115,023) 2.43 Exercised....................................... (135,265) 1.33 ----------- Balances, January 31, 2003...................... 4,605,681 $2.43 ===========
At January 31, 2003, options to purchase 49,637 shares were available for future grant. Effective February 1, 2003, an additional 665,703 shares resulting from the automatic annual increase of 4% of the Company's outstanding common stock was added to the shares available for issuance under the 2001 plan.
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable ---------------------------------- ----------------------
Number Number Outstanding Weighted Weighted Exercisable Weighted at Average Average at Average Range of Exercise January 31, Remaining Exercise January 31, Exercise Prices 2003 Life Price 2003 Price -------------------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- ---------- $1.00 - $1.25 1,008,300 7.83 $1.17 400,784 $1.11 $1.63 - $2.44 2,156,360 6.18 $2.14 1,389,553 $2.30 $2.53 - $3.50 974,153 6.08 $3.14 740,460 $3.05 $3.81 - $5.19 237,868 6.75 $4.39 143,183 $4.43 $5.75 - $6.38 229,000 6.70 $5.77 150,374 $5.77 -------------------- ----------- ----------- $1.00 - $6.38 4,605,681 6.58 $2.43 2,824,354 $2.62 ==================== =========== ===========
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
During fiscal 2002, the Company adopted the 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and reserved 100,000 shares of the Company's common stock for issuance under the plan, with an automatic annual increase on the first day of the Company's fiscal year equal to the lesser of (i) 500,000 shares, (ii) 2% of the Company's outstanding common stock on such date or (iii) a lesser number of shares as determined by the Board of Directors. The Company's 1986 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (1986 ESPP) provided for the sale of up to 300,000 shares of common stock. At January 31, 2001, all shares authorized for issuance under 1986 ESPP had been issued. Under both plans, eligible employees may authorize payroll deductions of up to 10% of their regular base salaries to purchase common stock at 85% of the fair market value at the beginning or end of each six-month offering period. During fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, 129,264, 68,034 and 35,144 shares were purchased at an average price of $1.78, $1.45 and $2.34 per share, respectively. At January 31, 2003, 230,263 shares under 2001 Purchase Plan remain available for future purchase. Effective February 1, 2003, Board of Directors resolved that an additional 150,000 shares added to the shares available for issuance under the 2001 purchase plan.
9.	INCOME TAXES
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of (a) temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, and (b) operating losses and tax credit carryforwards.
The tax effects of significant items comprising the Company's deferred taxes are as follows (in thousands):
January 31, ------------------- 2003 2002 --------- --------- Deferred tax assets: Net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards.. $26,642 $25,333 Reserves not currently deductible.................. 3,273 2,739 Capitalized research and development expenditures.. 1,232 1,027 Other.............................................. 300 153 --------- --------- 31,447 29,252 Valuation allowance.................................. (31,447) (29,252) --------- --------- Net deferred taxes................................... $ -- $ -- ========= =========
SFAS No. 109 requires that the tax benefit of net operating losses, temporary differences and credit carryforwards be recorded as an asset to the extent that management assesses that realization is "more likely than not." Realization of the future tax benefits is dependent on the Company's ability to generate sufficient taxable income within the carryforward period. Because of the Company's recent history of operating losses, risks associated with its new product introduction including the dependence on rapid acceptance of new technology, the dependence on development of complimentary software by third parties and other risks, such as technological change in the industry, short product life cycles and reliance on a limited number of suppliers and manufacturing contractors, management believes that recognition of the deferred tax assets arising from the above-mentioned future tax benefits is currently not likely to be realized and, accordingly, has provided a full valuation allowance.
Net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards as of January 31, 2003 are as follows (in thousands):
Expiration Amount Years --------- --------- ---------- Net operating losses, federal.... $ 60,014 2009 -2023 Net operating losses, state...... 2,324 2013 -2015 Tax credits, federal............. 2,851 2006 -2023 Tax credits, state............... 2,120 - Net operating losses, foreign.... 6,384 -
Current federal and California tax laws include substantial restrictions on the utilization of net operating losses and tax credits in the event of an "ownership change" of a corporation. Accordingly, the Company's ability to utilize net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards may be limited as a result of such ownership change. Such a limitation could result in the expiration of carryforwards before they are utilized.
The effective tax rate of the Company's provision (benefit) for income taxes differs from the federal statutory rate as follows (in thousands):
2003 2002 2001 --------- --------- ---------
Computed at 35%................... $ (2,060) $ (3,636) $ (2,402) State taxes, expiration of net operating loss carryforwards.... 2 2 1 Valuation allowance............... 2,212 3,781 2,550 Other............................. (188) (143) (147) --------- --------- --------- Total............................. $ (34) $ 4 $ 2 ========= ========= =========
10.	COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Leases - The Company's primary facilities are leased under a noncancelable lease which expires in September 2007. In addition, the Company leases certain equipment under capital lease arrangements. Future minimum annual payments under capital and operating leases are as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Year Ending Capital Operating January 31, Leases Leases ------------------------------- ---------- ---------- 2004.....................................$ 133 $ 582 2005..................................... -- 600 2006..................................... -- 618 2007..................................... -- 637 2008..................................... -- 433 ---------- ---------- Total minimum lease payments.................. 133 $ 2,870 Amount representing interest at a rate ========== of 10.32%.......................... (6) ---------- Present value of minimum lease payments....... 127 Current portion............................... (127) ---------- Long-term portion.............................$ -- ==========
Rent expense was $560,000, $504,000 and $482,000 for fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
Royalties - The Company pays royalties for the right to sell certain products under various license agreements. During fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, the Company recorded royalty expense of $406,000, $85,000, and $491,000 respectively.
Benefit Plan - The Company sponsors a 401(k) savings plan in which most employees are eligible to participate. The Plan commenced in fiscal 1994. The Company is not obligated to make contributions to the plan and no contributions have been made by the Company.
11.	MAJOR CUSTOMERS
No domestic customer accounted for more than 10% of net revenues in fiscal 2003 and 2001. Three domestic customers accounted for 15%, 14% and 11% of net revenues in fiscal 2002, respectively. One international customer accounted for 19% of net revenues in fiscal 2003. During fiscal 2002, no international customers accounted for more than 10% of net revenues. During fiscal 2001, three international customers accounted for 15%, 14% and 11% of net revenues, respectively.
No domestic customer accounted for more than 10% of accounts receivable in fiscal 2003. Two domestic customers accounted for 22% and 15% of accounts receivable in fiscal 2002, respectively. One international customer accounted for 58% of accounts receivable in fiscal 2003. During fiscal 2002, no international customers accounted for more than 10% of accounts receivable.
12. COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Comprehensive loss, which is displayed in the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity, represents net loss available to common shareholders plus the results of certain shareholders' equity changes not reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows (in thousands):
Total Accumulated Unrealized Other Accumulated Holding Comprehensive Translation Gains/ Income/ Adjustment (Losses) (Loss) ----------- ---------- ------------ Beginning Balance, February 1, 2000. $ -- $ 142 $ 142 Current Year Change................. 26 (114) (88) ----------- ---------- ------------ Ending Balance, January 31, 2001.... 26 28 54 Current Year Change................. (8) (15) (23) ----------- ---------- ------------ Ending Balance, January 31, 2002.... 18 13 31 Current Year Change................. (5) (13) (18) ----------- ---------- ------------ Ending Balance, January 31, 2003.... $ 13 $ -- $ 13 =========== ========== ============
13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTION
During the third quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company executed an agreement to sublease approximately 2,600 square feet of its headquarters' facility to a start-up company founded by a member of the Company's board of directors. The term of the sublease is one year at the same market rate as the Company's operating lease arrangement for the facility.
14.	SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION
As discussed in Note 1, the Company follows the requirements of SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information." The Company's operating segments consist of its geographically based entities in the United States, Hong Kong and France. All such operating entities segments have similar economic characteristics, as defined in SFAS No. 131, and accordingly, the Company operates in one reportable segment: the development, manufacturing and marketing of multimedia computer devices and products. The Company's chief operating decision-maker is its Chief Executive Officer.
For fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, the Company recorded sales to customers throughout the United States and Canada, Denmark, Japan, China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Korea; Germany, Belgium, Finland, The Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, The United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, Hungary, Portugal, Scotland, and Norway (collectively referred to as "Rest of Europe"); Singapore, Thailand, New Zealand, Turkey, Israel, Australia, South American and South Africa (collectively "Rest of Asia/New Zealand/Other Region").
The following table summaries total net revenues attributed to each product group as of and for the fiscal years ended January 31 (in thousands):
2003 2002 2001 --------- --------- --------- Boards............................... $ 6,215 $ 6,961 $ 13,575 Chipsets............................. 10,742 3,858 12,936 Other................................ 1,182 2,618 2,965 --------- --------- --------- Total net revenues..................... $ 18,139 $ 13,437 $ 29,476 ========= ========= =========
The following table summaries total net revenues attributed to each market segment as of and for the fiscal years ended January 31 (in thousands):
2003 2002 2001 --------- --------- --------- Commercial streaming video market.... $ 3,751 $ 6,944 $ 6,673 Consumer appliance market............ 11,015 3,921 2,775 PC add-in market..................... 2,630 2,166 17,799 Other market......................... 743 406 2,229 --------- --------- --------- Total net revenues..................... $ 18,139 $ 13,437 $ 29,476 ========= ========= =========
The following table summaries total net revenues and long-lived assets attributed to significant countries as of and for the fiscal years ended January 31 (in thousands):
2003 2002 2001 --------- --------- --------- Net revenues: United States........................ $ 5,913 $ 7,750 $ 10,241 Denmark.............................. 3,780 47 50 Rest of Europe....................... 2,157 2,354 1,524 Japan................................ 1,988 191 3,330 China................................ 1,388 442 268 Hong Kong............................ 975 811 2,916 Korea................................ 791 172 251 Taiwan............................... 759 1,298 5,469 Rest of Asia/New Zealand/Other Region 360 360 5,411 Canada............................... 28 12 16 --------- --------- --------- Total net revenues*.................... $ 18,139 $ 13,437 $ 29,476 ========= ========= =========
Long-lived assets: United States........................ $ 1,307 $ 807 $ 1,331 Hong Kong............................ 12 16 -- France............................... 12 8 15 --------- --------- --------- Total long-lived assets................ $ 1,331 $ 831 $ 1,346 ========= ========= =========
* Net revenues are attributed to countries based on invoicing location of customer.
15.	SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On March 10, 2003, the Company raised gross proceeds of $4.8 million through the issuance of 1,606,644 shares of common stock in a private placement to certain institutional investors, corporate partners, and Company management.
16.	SELECTED QUARTERLY OPERATING RESULTS (UNAUDITED)
The follow table presents unaudited quarterly financial information for each of the Company's last eight quarters (in thousands, except per share data).
First Second Third Fourth Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter -------- -------- -------- -------- Year ended January 31, 2003:
Net revenues........................... $ 3,454 $ 3,256 $ 4,720 $ 6,709 Loss from operations................... (2,261) (2,407) (884) (295) Net loss attributable to common shareholders......................... (2,307) (2,552) (871) (327) Net loss per share attributable to common shareholders: Basic................................ $ (0.14) $ (0.16) $ (0.05) $ (0.02) Diluted.............................. $ (0.14) $ (0.16) $ (0.05) $ (0.02)
Year ended January 31, 2002:
Net revenues........................... $ 3,222 $ 2,982 $ 3,416 $ 3,817 Loss from operations................... (2,674) (2,713) (1,703) (2,581) Net loss attributable to common shareholders......................... (2,614) (2,610) (1,666) (3,502) Net loss per share attributable to common shareholders: Basic................................ $ (0.16) $ (0.16) $ (0.10) $ (0.21) Diluted.............................. $ (0.16) $ (0.16) $ (0.10) $ (0.21)
SCHEDULE II-VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS AND RESERVES
Balance Deductions: Balance at Write at Beginning Offs of End of Classification of Year Additions Accounts(1) Year ----------------------------- ------------ ----------- ------------ ----------- (in thousands) Allowance for returns and doubtful accounts, price protection, and sales returns: Year ended January 31, 2003...................... $1,664 $60 $802 $922 2002...................... 2,124 60 520 1,664 2001...................... 414 2,152 442 2,124
Inventory reserves: Year ended January 31, 2003...................... $5,468 $745 $27 $6,186 2002...................... 4,091 1,398 21 5,468 2001...................... 3,215 1,941 1,065 4,091
____________________
(1) Amount written off, net of recoveries of accounts receivable
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit Number Exhibit Description -------- ----------------------------------------------------------- 3.1(1) Second Restated Articles of Incorporation.
3.2(7) Certificate of Amendment to the Second Restated Articles of Incorporation dated June 22, 2001.
3.6 Bylaws of Registrant, as amended.
10.1(2) Distribution Agreement dated September 10, 1985.
10.2(3) Registrant's 1986 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended, and form of Subscription Agreement.
10.3(6) Sublease between the Registrant and Sun Microsystems, Inc.
10.4(4) Registrant's Amended and Restated 1994 Stock Plan and form of Stock Option Agreement.
10.5(5) Registrant's 1994 Director Stock Option Plan and form of Director Option Agreement.
10.6(7) Registrant's 2001 Employee Stock Option Plan.
10.7(7) Registrant's 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and Form of Subscription Agreement.
10.8(8) Registrant's 2001 Loan and Security Agreement with Silicon Valley Bank, as amended.
10.9 Amendment to Registrant's 2001 Loan and Security Agreement with Silicon Valley Bank.
10.10 Lease between the Registrant and EOP-Industrial Portfolio, L.L.C.
23.1 Independent Auditors' Consent.
24.1 Power of Attorney (contained in the signature page to this Annual Report on Form 10-K).
99.1 Certificate of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(1) Incorporated by reference to exhibit filed with the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 33-17789) filed October 8, 1987, Amendment No. 1 thereto filed June 9, 1988 and Amendment No. 2 thereto filed June 14, 1988, which Registration Statement became effective June 14, 1988.
(2) Incorporated by reference to exhibit filed with the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 33-4131) filed on March 19, 1986, Amendment No. 1 thereto filed April 28, 1986 and Amendment No. 2 thereto filed May 15, 1986, Which Registration Statement became effective May 15, 1986.
(3) Incorporated by reference to exhibit filed with the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-61549) file August 14, 1998.
(4) Incorporated by reference to exhibit filed with the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-86875) filed September 10, 1999.
(5) Incorporated by reference to exhibit filed with the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 33-74308) filed on January 28, 1994, Amendment No. 1 thereto filed February 24, 1994, Amendment No. 2 thereto filed March 3, 1994, Amendment No. 3 thereto filed March 4, 1994 and Amendment No. 4 thereto filed March 8, 1994.
(6) Incorporated by reference to exhibit filed with the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 1998.
(7) Incorporated by reference to exhibit filed with the Registrant's Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-64234) filed on June 29, 2001.
(8) Incorporated by reference to exhibit filed with the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 2, 2002.