Item 1. Business.
History of Rent-A-Center
Unless the context indicates otherwise, references to “we,” “us” and “our” refer to the consolidated business operations of Rent-A-Center, Inc., the parent, and any or all of its direct and indirect subsidiaries. For any references in this document to Note A through Note U, refer to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8.
We are a lease-to-own industry leader, focused on improving the lives of our customers by providing them the opportunity to obtain ownership of the high-quality products they need and want such as furniture and accessories, appliances, consumer electronics, computers, tablets and smartphones, and a variety of other products, under flexible lease purchase agreements with no long-term obligation. We were incorporated in the State of Delaware in 1986, and our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol "RCII."
Our principal executive offices are located at 5501 Headquarters Drive, Plano, Texas 75024. Our telephone number is (972) 801-1100 and our company website is www.rentacenter.com. We do not intend for information contained on our website to be part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We file annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, periodic reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements and other information with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The public may obtain copies of these reports and any amendments at the SEC's Internet site, www.sec.gov. Additionally, we make available free of charge on or through our website our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, our current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. We also provide electronic or paper copies of our filings free of charge upon request.
The Rental Purchase Transaction
The rental purchase transaction is a flexible alternative for consumers to obtain use and enjoyment of brand name merchandise with no long-term obligation. Key features of the rental purchase transaction include:
Brand name merchandise. In our store locations and through our retail partnerships, we offer merchandise from well-known brands such as Ashley home furnishings; LG, Samsung, and Sony home electronics; Frigidaire, Whirlpool, Amana, and Maytag appliances; HP, Dell, Acer, Apple, Asus, Samsung and Toshiba computers and/or tablets; and Samsung and Apple smartphones.
Convenient payment options. Our customers make payments on a weekly, semi-monthly or monthly basis in our stores, at our retail partner locations, online or by telephone. We accept cash, credit or debit cards. Rental payments received at our store or retail partner locations are generally made in advance. Under the virtual business model, payments are generally made in arrears at the end of the lease term. Rental payments together with applicable fees, constitute our primary revenue source. Approximately 78% and 93% of our rental purchase agreements are on weekly terms in our Rent-A-Center Business and our Mexico segments, respectively. Payments are generally made on a biweekly or monthly basis in our Preferred Lease segment.
No long term obligation. A customer may terminate a rental purchase agreement at any time without penalty.
No credit needed. Generally, we do not conduct a formal credit investigation of our customers. In the Rent-A-Center Business segment, we primarily verify a customer’s residence and sources of income. References provided by the customer are also contacted to verify certain information contained in the rental purchase order form. In our Preferred Lease segment customers complete the application process through a variety of resources, including online digital waterfall technology, retail partner electronic portals, online e-commerce websites, and a robust proprietary automated decision engine process used to confirm certain customer information for approval of the rental purchase agreement.
Delivery & set-up included. We generally offer same-day or next-day delivery and installation of our merchandise at no additional cost to the customer in our lease-to-own stores. Our Preferred Lease locations rely on our third-party retail partners to deliver merchandise rented by the customer. Such third-party retail partners typically charge us a fee for delivery, which we pass on to the customer.
Product maintenance & replacement. We provide any required service or repair without additional charge, except for damage in excess of normal wear and tear. The cost to repair the merchandise may be reimbursed by the vendor if the item is still under factory warranty. If the product cannot be repaired at the customer’s residence, we provide a temporary replacement while the product is being repaired. If the product cannot be repaired, we will replace it with a product of comparable quality, age and condition.
Lifetime reinstatement. If a customer is temporarily unable to make payments on a piece of rental merchandise and returns the merchandise, that customer generally may later re-rent the same piece of merchandise (or if unavailable, a substitute of comparable quality, age and condition) on the terms that existed at the time the merchandise was returned, and pick up payments where they left off without losing what they previously paid.
Flexible options to obtain ownership. Ownership of the merchandise generally transfers to the customer if the customer has continuously renewed the rental purchase agreement for a period of seven to 30 months, depending upon the product type, or exercises a specified early purchase option.
Our Strategy
Our strategy is focused on growing our business model through emphasis on the following key initiatives:
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Executing on large market opportunities using a virtual platform via our Preferred Lease offering and e-commerce
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Continue solid trends in our Rent-A-Center Business segment driven by accelerating e-commerce momentum, expanding product categories, and improving the customer experience
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Generating favorable EBITDA margin and strong free cash flow to fund strategic priorities and return capital to shareholders
As we pursue our strategy, we may take advantage of merger and acquisition opportunities from time to time that advance our key initiatives, and to engage in discussions regarding these opportunities, which could include mergers, consolidations or acquisitions or dispositions or other transactions, although there can be no assurance that any such activities will be consummated.
Our Operating Segments
We report financial operating performance under four operating segments. To better reflect the Company's current strategic focus, our retail partner business operations are now reported as the Preferred Lease segment (formerly Acceptance Now), which includes our virtual, staffed and hybrid business models; and our company-owned stores, and e-commerce platform through rentacenter.com, are now reported as the Rent-A-Center Business segment (formerly Core U.S.). In addition we report operating results for our Mexico and Franchising segments. Additional information regarding our operating segments is presented in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” contained in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and financial information regarding these segments and revenues by geographic area are provided in Note S to the consolidated financial statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Substantially all of our revenues for the past three years originated in the United States.
Rent-A-Center Business
Our Rent-A-Center Business segment is our largest operating segment, comprising approximately 67% of our consolidated net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019. Approximately 80% of our business in this segment is from repeat customers.
At December 31, 2019, we operated 1,973 company-owned stores in the United States and Puerto Rico, including 44 retail installment sales stores under the names “Get It Now” and “Home Choice.” We routinely evaluate the markets in which we operate to optimize our store network.
Preferred Lease
Our Preferred Lease segment, which operates in the United States and Puerto Rico, and includes the operations of the recently acquired Merchants Preferred, generally provides an on-site lease-to-own option at a third-party retailer’s location, including staffed options, un-manned or virtual options, or a combination of the two (the hybrid model). In the event a retail purchase credit application is declined, the customer can be introduced to an in-store Preferred Lease representative at our staffed locations, or work with a representative of the third party retailer or directly with our virtual solution to initiate the lease-to-own transaction to obtain the merchandise. Because we neither require nor perform a formal credit investigation for the approval of the rental purchase transaction, we use a proprietary automated process to confirm certain customer information for approval of the rental purchase agreement. We believe our Preferred Lease model is beneficial for both the retailer and the consumer. The retailer captures more sales because we buy the merchandise directly from them. We believe consumers also benefit from our Preferred Lease model because they are able to obtain the products they want and need without the necessity of credit. We pay the retail price for merchandise purchased from our retail partners and subsequently leased to the customer. Through certain retail partners, we offer our customers the option to obtain ownership of the product at or slightly above the full retail price if they pay within 90 days. In some cases, the retailer provides us a rebate on the cost of the merchandise if the customer exercises this 90-day option.
Our Preferred Lease operating model is highly agile and dynamic because we can open and close locations quickly and efficiently. Generally, our Preferred Lease staffed locations consist of an area with a computer, desk and chairs. We occupy the space without charge by agreement with each retailer. In our virtual locations, transactions are initiated through an electronic portal accessible by retail partners on their store computers. Accordingly, capital expenditures with respect to new Preferred Lease locations are minimal.
We rely on our third-party retail partners to deliver merchandise rented by the customer. Such third-party retail partners typically charge us a fee for delivery, which we pass on to the customer. In the event the customer returns rented merchandise, we pick it up at no additional charge. Merchandise returned from a Preferred Lease location is subsequently offered for rental at one of our Rent-A-Center Business stores.
As of December 31, 2019, we operated 998 staffed locations inside retailers located in 41 states and Puerto Rico.
Mexico
Our Mexico segment currently consists of our company-owned lease-to-own stores in Mexico. At December 31, 2019, we operated 123 stores in this segment.
Franchising
The stores in our Franchising segment use Rent-A-Center's, ColorTyme's or RimTyme’s trade names, service marks, trademarks and logos, and operate under distinctive operating procedures and standards. Franchising's primary source of revenue is the sale of rental merchandise to its franchisees who, in turn, offer the merchandise to the general public for rent or purchase under a lease-to-own transaction.
At December 31, 2019, this segment franchised 372 stores in 33 states operating under the Rent-A-Center (305 stores), ColorTyme (30 stores) and RimTyme (37 stores) names. These lease-to-own stores primarily offer high quality products such as furniture and accessories, consumer electronics, appliances, computers, wheels and tires.
As franchisor, Franchising receives royalties of 2.0% to 6.0% of the franchisees’ monthly gross revenue and, generally, an initial fee up to $10,000 per new location.
The following table summarizes our locations allocated among these operating segments as of December 31:
(1) Does not include virtual locations.
The following discussion applies generally to all of our operating segments, unless otherwise noted.
Rent-A-Center Operations
Store Expenses
Our expenses primarily relate to merchandise costs and the cost of operating our stores, including salaries and benefits for our employees, occupancy expense for our leased real estate, advertising expenses, lost, damaged, or stolen merchandise, fixed asset depreciation, and other expenses.
Product Selection
The stores in our Rent-A-Center Business, Mexico, and Franchise segments generally offer merchandise from certain basic product categories: furniture and accessories, appliances, consumer electronics, computers, tablets and smartphones. In addition, in the Rent-A-Center Business segment, we have recently expanded into other product categories including tools, tires, jewelry and other accessories. Although we seek to maintain sufficient inventory in our stores to offer customers a wide variety of models, styles and brands, we generally limit merchandise to prescribed levels to maintain strict inventory controls. We seek to provide a wide variety of high quality merchandise to our customers, and we emphasize products from name-brand manufacturers. Customers may request either new merchandise or previously rented merchandise. Previously rented merchandise is generally offered at a
similar weekly, semi-monthly, or monthly rental rate as is offered for new merchandise, but with an opportunity to obtain ownership of the merchandise after fewer rental payments.
Our furniture products include dining room, living room and bedroom furniture featuring a number of styles, materials and colors. Accessories include lamps and tables and are typically rented as part of a package of items, such as a complete room of furniture. Showroom displays enable customers to visualize how the product will look in their homes and provide a showcase for accessories. Appliances include refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, dryers, and ranges. Consumer electronic products offered by our stores include high definition televisions, home theater systems, video game consoles and stereos. We offer desktop, laptop, tablet computers and smartphones.
The merchandise assortment may vary in our non-U.S. stores according to market characteristics and consumer demand unique to the particular country in which we are operating. For example, in Mexico, the appliances we offer are sourced locally, providing our customers in Mexico the look and feel to which they are accustomed in that product category.
Preferred Lease locations offer the merchandise available for sale at the applicable third-party retailer, primarily furniture and accessories, consumer electronics and appliances.
For the year ended December 31, 2019, furniture and accessories accounted for approximately 44% of our consolidated rentals and fees revenue, consumer electronic products for 16%, appliances for 16%, computers for 5%, smartphones for 3% and other products and services for 17%.
Product Turnover
On average, in the Rent-A-Center Business segment, a rental term of 16 months or exercising an early purchase option is generally required to obtain ownership of new merchandise. Product turnover is the number of times a product is rented to a different customer. On average, a product is rented (turned over) to multiple customers before a customer acquires ownership. Merchandise returned in the Preferred Lease segment is moved to a Rent-A-Center Business store where it is offered for rent. Ownership is attained in approximately 35% of rental purchase agreements in the Rent-A-Center Business segment. The average total life for each product in our Rent-A-Center Business segment is approximately 15 months, which includes the initial rental period, all re-rental periods and idle time in our system. To cover the higher operating expenses generated by the key benefits of rental purchase transactions and product turnover, rental purchase agreements require higher aggregate payments than are generally charged under other types of purchase plans, such as installment purchase or credit plans.
Collections
Store managers use our management information system to track collections on a daily basis. If a customer fails to make a rental payment when due, store personnel will attempt to contact the customer to obtain payment and reinstate the agreement, or will terminate the account and arrange to regain possession of the merchandise. We attempt to recover the rental items as soon as possible following termination or default of a rental purchase agreement. Collection efforts are enhanced by the personal and job-related references required of customers, the personal nature of the relationships between our employees and customers, and the availability of lifetime reinstatement. Currently, we track past due amounts using a guideline of seven days in our Rent-A-Center Business segment and 30 days in the Preferred Lease segment. These metrics align with the majority of the rental purchase agreements in each segment, since payments are generally made weekly in the Rent-A-Center Business segment and monthly in the Preferred Lease segment.
If a customer does not return the merchandise or make payment, the remaining book value of the rental merchandise associated with delinquent accounts is generally charged off on or before the 90th day following the time the account became past due in the Rent-A-Center Business and Mexico segments, and during the month following the 150th day in the Preferred Lease segment.
Purchasing
In our Rent-A-Center Business and Mexico segments, we purchase our rental merchandise from a variety of suppliers. In 2019, approximately 22% of our merchandise purchases were attributable to Ashley Furniture Industries and approximately 11% were attributable to Whirlpool Corporation. No other brand accounted for more than 10% of merchandise purchased during these periods. We do not generally enter into written contracts with our suppliers that obligate us to meet certain minimum purchasing levels. Although we expect to continue relationships with our existing suppliers, we believe there are numerous sources of products available, and we do not believe the success of our operations is dependent on any one or more of our present suppliers.
In our Preferred Lease segment, we purchase the merchandise selected by the customer from the applicable third-party retailer at the time such customer enters into a rental purchase agreement with us.
With respect to our Franchising segment, the franchise agreement requires the franchised stores to exclusively offer for rent or sale only those brands, types and models of products that Franchising has approved. The franchised stores are required to maintain an adequate mix of inventory that consists of approved products for rent as dictated by Franchising policy manuals. Franchisees can purchase product through us or directly from various approved suppliers.
Management
Our executive management team has extensive lease-to-own or similar retail experience and has demonstrated the ability to grow and manage our business through their operational leadership and strategic vision. In addition, our regional and district managers generally have long tenures with us, and we have a history of promoting management personnel from within. We believe this extensive industry and company experience will allow us to effectively execute our strategies.
Marketing
We promote our products and services through television and digital radio commercials, print advertisements, store telemarketing, digital display advertisements, direct email campaigns, social networks, paid and organic search, website and store signage. Our advertisements emphasize such features as product and name-brand selection, the opportunity to pay as you go without credit, long-term contracts or obligations, delivery and set-up at no additional cost, product repair and loaner services at no extra cost, lifetime reinstatement and multiple options to acquire ownership, including 180-day option pricing, an early purchase option or through a fixed number of payments. In addition, we promote the “RAC Worry-Free Guarantee®” to further highlight these aspects of the rental purchase transaction. We believe that by leveraging our advertising efforts to highlight the benefits of the rental purchase transaction, we will continue to educate our customers and potential customers about the lease-to-own alternative to credit as well as solidify our reputation as a leading provider of high-quality, branded merchandise and services.
Franchising has established national advertising funds for the franchised stores, whereby Franchising has the right to collect up to 3% of the monthly gross revenue from each franchisee as contributions to the fund. Franchising directs the advertising programs of the fund, generally consisting of television and radio commercials and print advertisements. Franchising also has the right to require franchisees to expend up to 3% of their monthly gross revenue on local advertising.
Industry & Competition
According to data released by the Fair Isaac Corporation on September 10, 2019, consumers in the “subprime” category (those with credit scores below 650) made up approximately 28% of the United States population. Two-thirds of U.S. consumers have incomes below $75,000 and may lack access to traditional credit. The lease-to-own industry provides customers the opportunity to obtain merchandise they might otherwise be unable to obtain due to insufficient cash resources or a lack of access to credit.
Our stores, kiosks, and other lease-to-own operations compete with other national, regional and local lease-to-own businesses, including on-line only competitors, as well as with rental stores that do not offer their customers a purchase option. With respect to customers desiring to purchase merchandise for cash or on credit, we also compete with retail stores, online competitors, and non-traditional lenders. Competition is based primarily on convenience, store location, product selection and availability, customer service, rental rates and terms.
The growing lease-to-own industry is contributing to this already highly competitive environment for our business. The lease-to-own industry has experienced steady growth, and revenue gains have accelerated since 2015. The lease-to-own industry is introducing rapid change with the emergence of virtual and kiosk-based operations at retail partner locations, such as our Preferred Lease offering which consists of staffed kiosks at retail partner locations options, un-manned or virtual lease-to-own options, or a combination of the two (the hybrid model). These new industry participants are disrupting traditional lease-to-own stores by attracting customers and making the lease-to-own transaction more acceptable to potential customers. In addition, banks and consumer finance companies are developing products and services designed to compete for the traditional lease-to-own customer.
Seasonality
Our revenue mix is moderately seasonal, with the first quarter of each fiscal year generally providing higher merchandise sales than any other quarter during a fiscal year. Generally, our customers will more frequently exercise the early purchase option on their existing rental purchase agreements or purchase pre-leased merchandise off the showroom floor during the first quarter of each fiscal year, primarily due to the receipt of federal income tax refunds.
Trademarks
We own various trademarks and service marks, including Rent-A-Center® and RAC Worry-Free Guarantee® that are used in connection with our operations and have been registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The duration of our
trademarks is unlimited, subject to periodic renewal and continued use. In addition, we have obtained trademark registrations in Mexico, Canada and certain other foreign jurisdictions. We believe we hold the necessary rights for protection of the trademarks and service marks essential to our business. The products held for rent in our stores also bear trademarks and service marks held by their respective manufacturers.
Franchising licenses the use of the Rent-A-Center and ColorTyme trademarks and service marks to its franchisees under the franchise agreement. Franchising owns various trademarks and service marks, including ColorTyme® and RimTyme®, that are used in connection with its operations and have been registered with the United States Patent and Trademark office. The duration of these marks is unlimited, subject to periodic renewal and continued use.
Employees
As of February 21, 2020, we had approximately 14,500 employees.
Government Regulation
Rent-A-Center Business & Preferred Lease
State Regulation. Currently, 46 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico have rental purchase statutes that recognize and regulate rental purchase transactions as separate and distinct from credit sales. We believe this existing legislation is generally favorable to us, as it defines and clarifies the various disclosures, procedures and transaction structures related to the lease-to-own business with which we must comply. With some variations in individual states, most related state legislation requires the lessor to make prescribed disclosures to customers about the rental purchase agreement and transaction, and provides time periods during which customers may reinstate agreements despite having failed to make a timely payment. Some state rental purchase laws prescribe grace periods for non-payment, prohibit or limit certain types of collection or other practices, and limit certain fees that may be charged. Eleven states limit the total rental payments that can be charged to amounts ranging from 2.0 times to 2.4 times the disclosed cash price or the retail value of the rental product. Six states limit the cash price of merchandise to amounts ranging from 1.56 to 2.5 times our cost for each item.
Although Minnesota has a rental purchase statute, the rental purchase transaction is also treated as a credit sale subject to consumer lending restrictions pursuant to judicial decision. Therefore, we offer our customers in Minnesota an opportunity to purchase our merchandise through an installment sale transaction in our Home Choice stores. We operate 17 Home Choice stores in Minnesota.
North Carolina has no rental purchase legislation. However, the retail installment sales statute in North Carolina expressly provides that lease transactions which provide for more than a nominal purchase price at the end of the agreed rental period are not credit sales under the statute. We operate 88 lease-to-own stores and 45 Preferred Lease Staffed locations in North Carolina.
Courts in Wisconsin and New Jersey, which do not have rental purchase statutes, have rendered decisions which classify rental purchase transactions as credit sales subject to consumer lending restrictions. Accordingly, in Wisconsin, we offer our customers an opportunity to purchase our merchandise through an installment sale transaction in our Get It Now stores. In New Jersey, we have modified our typical rental purchase agreements to provide disclosures, grace periods, and pricing that we believe comply with the retail installment sales act. We operate 27 Get It Now stores in Wisconsin and 42 Rent-A-Center stores in New Jersey.
There can be no assurance as to whether changes in the enforcement of existing laws or regulations or the enactment of new laws or regulations that may unfavorably impact the lease-to-own industry would have a material and adverse effect on us.
Federal Regulation. To date, no comprehensive federal legislation has been enacted regulating or otherwise impacting the rental purchase transaction. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank Act”) does not regulate leases with terms of 90 days or less. Because the lease-to-own transaction is for a term of week to week, or at most, month to month, and established federal law deems the term of a lease to be its minimum term regardless of extensions or renewals, if any, we believe the lease-to-own transaction is not covered by the Dodd-Frank Act.
From time to time, we have supported legislation introduced in Congress that would regulate the rental purchase transaction. While both beneficial and adverse legislation may be introduced in Congress in the future, any adverse federal legislation, if enacted, could have a material and adverse effect on us.
Mexico
No comprehensive legislation regulating the lease-to-own transaction has been enacted in Mexico. We use substantially the same rental purchase transaction in Mexico as in the U.S. stores, but with such additional provisions as we believe may be necessary to comply with Mexico’s specific laws and customs.
Item 1A.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
You should carefully consider the risks described below before making an investment decision. We believe these are all the material risks currently facing our business. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected by these risks. The trading price of our common stock could decline due to any of these risks, and you may lose all or part of your investment. You should also refer to the other information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes.
Our success depends on the effective implementation and continued execution of our strategies.
We are focused on our mission to provide cash- and credit-constrained consumers with affordable and flexible access to durable goods that promote a higher quality of living. In 2019, we accelerated our virtual growth strategy through the acquisition of Merchants Preferred and launch of our Preferred Lease offering with a focus towards executing on large market opportunities through national and regional retail partners. We intend to capitalize on key differentiators in our Preferred Lease offering, as well as grow our business through expansion in our product verticals, e-commerce platform enhancements, and improving the customer experience.
Growth of our business model, including through the launch of new product offerings, requires us to invest in or expand our information and technology capabilities, engage and retain experienced management, and otherwise incur additional costs. Our inability to address these concerns or otherwise to achieve targeted results associated with our initiatives could adversely affect our results of operations, or negatively impact our ability to successfully execute future strategies, which may result in an adverse impact on our business and financial results.
As we pursue our strategies, we may take advantage of merger and acquisition opportunities from time to time that will advance our key initiatives; any such activities may not prove successful and may subject us to additional risks.
From time to time, we may take advantage of merger and acquisition opportunities that will advance our key strategic initiatives. Such merger and acquisition opportunities involve numerous risks, including the following:
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difficulties in integrating the operations, systems, technologies, products and personnel of the acquired businesses;
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difficulties in entering markets in which we have no or limited direct prior experience and where competitors in such markets may have stronger market positions;
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diversion of management's attention from normal daily operations of the business and the challenges of managing larger and more widespread operations;
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the potential loss of key employees, vendors and other business partners of the businesses we acquire; and
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increased amounts of debt incurred in connection with such activities or dilutive issuance of common stock.
Mergers and acquisitions are inherently risky and subject to many factors outside of our control. We cannot assure you that our previous or future acquisitions will be successful and will not materially adversely affect our business, operating results or financial condition. Failure to manage and successfully integrate acquisitions could materially harm our business and operating results.
We are highly dependent on the financial performance of our Rent-A-Center Business segment.
Our financial performance is highly dependent on our Rent-A-Center Business segment, which comprised approximately 67% of our consolidated net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019. Any significant decrease in the financial performance of the Rent-A-Center Business segment may also have a material adverse impact on our ability to implement our growth strategies.
A future lowering or withdrawal of the ratings assigned to our debt by rating agencies may increase our future borrowing costs and reduce our access to capital.
Our indebtedness currently has a non-investment grade rating, and any rating assigned could be lowered or withdrawn entirely by a rating agency if, in that rating agency’s judgment, future circumstances relating to the basis of the rating, such as adverse changes in our business, warrant. Our indebtedness was upgraded by Standard & Poor’s in June 2019 and Moody's improved our outlook in July 2019. Any downgrade by any ratings agency may increase the interest rate on our future indebtedness, limit our access to vendor financing on favorable terms or otherwise result in higher borrowing costs, and likely would make it more difficult or more expensive for us to obtain additional debt financing or recapitalize our existing debt structure.
Our arrangements with our suppliers and vendors may be impacted by our financial results or financial position.
Substantially all of our merchandise suppliers and vendors sell to us on open account purchase terms. There is a risk that our key suppliers and vendors could respond to any actual or apparent decrease in, or any concern with, our financial results or liquidity by requiring or conditioning their sale of merchandise to us on more stringent or more costly payment terms, such as by requiring standby letters of credit, earlier or advance payment of invoices, payment upon delivery or other assurances or credit support or by choosing not to sell merchandise to us on a timely basis or at all. Our arrangements with our suppliers and vendors may also
be impacted by media reports regarding our financial position or other factors relating to our business. Our need for additional liquidity could significantly increase and our supply of inventory could be materially disrupted if a significant portion of our key suppliers and vendors took one or more of the actions described above, which could have a material adverse effect on our sales, customer satisfaction, cash flows, liquidity and financial position.
Failure to effectively manage our costs could have a material adverse effect on our profitability.
Certain elements of our cost structure are largely fixed in nature. Consumer spending remains uncertain, which makes it more challenging for us to maintain or increase our operating income in the Rent-A-Center Business segment. The competitive environment in our industry and increasing price transparency means that the focus on achieving efficient operations is greater than ever. As a result, we must continuously focus on managing our cost structure. Failure to manage our overall cost of operations, labor and benefit rates, advertising and marketing expenses, operating leases, charge-offs due to customer stolen merchandise, other store expenses or indirect spending could materially adversely affect our profitability.
We face additional risks in our retail partner business that differ in some potentially significant respects from the risks of the traditional rent-to-own business conducted in Rent-A-Center Business store locations. These risks could have a material negative effect on Preferred Lease, which could negatively impact our ability to grow the Preferred Lease segment and result in a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our Preferred Lease segment offers the lease-to-own transaction through the stores or websites of third-party retailers. In addition to the risks associated with the integration of our historic retail partner business (Acceptance Now) with the Merchants Preferred business model under our Preferred Lease offering, the Preferred Lease segment faces risks different from those that have historically been associated with our traditional lease-to-own business conducted in our Rent-A-Center Business store locations. These potential risks include, among others:
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reliance on the ability of unaffiliated third-party retailers to attract customers and to maintain quality and consistency in their operations and their ability to continue to provide products and services;
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the loss of the third-party retailer relationships and our inability to replace them. In 2019, approximately 69% of the total revenue of the Preferred Lease segment originated at our Preferred Lease kiosks located in stores operated by four retail partners.
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reliance on these unaffiliated third-party retailers for many important business functions, from advertising through assistance with lease transaction applications, including, for example, explaining the nature of the lease-to-own transaction to potential customers, and that the transaction is with Preferred Lease and not with the third-party retailer;
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potential that regulators may target the virtual lease-to-own transaction and/or adopt new regulations or legislation (or existing laws and regulations may be interpreted in a manner) that negatively impact Preferred Lease’s ability to offer virtual lease-to-own programs through third-party retail partners, and/or that regulators may attempt to force the application of laws and regulations on Preferred Lease’s virtual lease-to-own business in inconsistent and unpredictable ways that could increase the compliance-related costs incurred by us, and negatively impact our financial and operational performance;
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reliance on automatic bank account drafts for lease payments, which may become disfavored as a payment method for these transactions by regulators and/or providers, or may otherwise become unavailable;
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more product diversity within Preferred Lease's merchandise inventory relative to our traditional store-based lease-to-own business, which can complicate matters such as merchandise repair and disposition of merchandise that is returned:
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lower barriers to entry and start-up capital costs to launch a competitor due to the reliance of Preferred Lease and its competitors on the store locations and inventories of third-party retailers, and online connections with retailers, rather than incurring the cost to obtain and maintain brick and mortar locations and in-store or in-warehouse inventories; and
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indemnification obligations to Preferred Lease’s retail partners and their service providers for losses stemming from Preferred Lease’s failure to perform with respect to its products and services.
These risks could have a material negative effect on Preferred Lease, which could negatively impact our ability to grow the Preferred Lease segment and result in a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our strategy to grow the retail partner business depends on our ability to develop and offer robust virtual lease-to-own technology, including algorithmic decisioning programs and waterfall integrations.
Our retail partner business began as a staffed model and we believe our staffed lease-to-own kiosks inside third-party retailers are superior to virtual-only models in locations with sufficient volume. Our strategy to grow the retail partner business, though, depends on also offering an un-staffed or virtual lease-to-own solution, either alone or in combination with the staffed model (the hybrid model). The acquisition of Merchants Preferred’s scalable technology offering, robust decision engine, enhanced
infrastructure and experienced management team in August 2019 accelerated the development of our virtual lease-to-own offering. We may not realize the strategic benefits we intended from the Merchants Preferred Acquisition and the software technology and decision programming may not work to our expectations or may fail. We are integrating the Preferred Lease and Merchants Preferred businesses and technologies under the Preferred Lease offering which may be more difficult, time-consuming or costly than expected. In addition, our Preferred Lease business operates in a highly competitive environment.
The success of our business is dependent on factors affecting consumer spending that are not under our control.
Consumer spending is affected by general economic conditions and other factors including levels of employment, disposable consumer income, prevailing interest rates, consumer debt and availability of credit, costs of fuel, inflation, recession and fears of recession, war and fears of war, pandemics, inclement weather, tariff policies, tax rates and rate increases, timing of receipt of tax refunds, consumer confidence in future economic conditions and political conditions, and consumer perceptions of personal well-being and security. Unfavorable changes in factors affecting discretionary spending could reduce demand for our products and services resulting in lower revenue and negatively impacting the business and its financial results.
If we are unable to compete effectively with the growing e-commerce sector, our business and results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
With the continued expansion of Internet use, as well as mobile computing devices and smartphones, competition from the e-commerce sector continues to grow. To compete in this e-commerce sector, we must be able to innovate and develop technologies and digital solutions that appeal to our customer. We have launched virtual capabilities within our Preferred Lease and Rent-A-Center Business segments. There can be no assurance we will be successful in developing the technologies and digital solutions necessary to grow our e-commerce business in a profitable manner. Certain of our competitors, and a number of e-commerce retailers, have established e-commerce operations against which we compete for customers. It is possible that the increasing competition from the e-commerce sector may reduce ore prevent us from growing our market share, gross and operating margins, and may materially adversely affect our business and results of operations in other ways.
Disruptions in our supply chain and other factors affecting the distribution of our merchandise could adversely impact our business.
Any disruption in our supply chain could result in our inability to meet our customers’ expectations, higher costs, an inability to stock our stores, or longer lead time associated with distributing merchandise. Any such disruption within our supply chain network could also result in decreased net sales, increased costs and reduced profits.
Our senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility limits our borrowing capacity to the value of certain of our assets. In addition, our senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility is secured by substantially all of our assets, and lenders may exercise remedies against the collateral in the event of our default.
Under our Asset Based Loan Credit Agreement entered into in August 2019 (the "ABL Credit Agreement"), we have access to a five-year asset-based revolving credit facility (the "ABL Credit Facility"). Our borrowing capacity under our ABL Credit Facility varies according to our eligible rental contracts, eligible installment sales accounts, and inventory net of certain reserves. In the event of any material decrease in the amount of or appraised value of these assets, our borrowing capacity would similarly decrease, which could adversely impact our business and liquidity. The ABL Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants and certain restrictions on operations become applicable if our available credit falls below certain thresholds. These covenants could impose significant operating and financial limitations and restrictions on us, including restrictions on our ability to enter into particular transactions and to engage in other actions that we may believe are advisable or necessary for our business. Our obligations under the ABL Credit Agreement are secured by liens with respect to inventory, accounts receivable, deposit accounts and certain related collateral. In the event of a default that is not cured or waived within any applicable cure periods, the lenders’ commitment to extend further credit under our ABL Credit Agreement could be terminated, our outstanding obligations could become immediately due and payable, outstanding letters of credit may be required to be cash collateralized and remedies may be exercised against the collateral, which generally consists of substantially all of our tangible and intangible assets, including intellectual property and the capital stock of our U.S. subsidiaries. If we are unable to borrow under our ABL Credit Facility, we may not have the necessary cash resources for our operations and, if any event of default occurs, there is no assurance that we would have the cash resources available to repay such accelerated obligations, refinance such indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or cash collateralize our letters of credit, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.
Our current insurance program may expose us to unexpected costs and negatively affect our financial performance.
Our insurance coverage is subject to deductibles, self-insured retentions, limits of liability and similar provisions that we believe are prudent based on our operations. Because we self-insure a significant portion of expected losses under our workers' compensation, general liability, vehicle and group health insurance programs, unanticipated changes in any applicable actuarial
assumptions and management estimates underlying our recorded liabilities for these losses, including potential increases in medical and indemnity costs, could result in materially different amounts of expense than expected under these programs. This could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Our transactions are regulated by and subject to the requirements of various federal and state laws and regulations, which may require significant compliance costs and expose us to litigation. Any negative change in these laws or regulations or the passage of unfavorable new laws or regulations or the manner in which any of these are enforced could require us to alter our business practices in a manner that may be materially adverse to us.
Currently, 46 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico have passed laws that regulate rental purchase transactions as separate and distinct from credit sales. One additional state has a retail installment sales statute that excludes leases, including lease-to-own transactions, from its coverage if the lease provides for more than a nominal purchase price at the end of the rental period. The specific rental purchase laws generally require certain contractual and advertising disclosures. They also provide varying levels of substantive consumer protection, such as requiring a grace period for late fees and contract reinstatement rights in the event the rental purchase agreement is terminated. The rental purchase laws of eleven states limit the total amount that may be charged over the life of a rental purchase agreement and the laws of six states limit the cash prices for which we may offer merchandise.
Similar to other consumer transactions, our rental purchase transaction is also governed by various federal and state consumer protection statutes. These consumer protection statutes, as well as the rental purchase statutes under which we operate, provide various consumer remedies, including monetary penalties, for violations. In our history, we have been the subject of litigation alleging that we have violated some of these statutory provisions.
Although there is currently no comprehensive federal legislation regulating rental purchase transactions, adverse federal legislation may be enacted in the future. From time to time, both favorable and adverse legislation seeking to regulate our business has been introduced in Congress. In addition, various legislatures in the states where we currently do business may adopt new legislation or amend existing legislation that could require us to alter our business practices in a manner that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our reputation, ability to do business and operating results may be impaired by improper conduct by any of our employees, agents or business partners.
Our operations in the U.S. and abroad are subject to certain laws generally prohibiting companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions. Violations by our employees, contractors or agents of policies and procedures we have implemented to ensure compliance with these laws could subject us to civil or criminal investigations in the U.S. and in other jurisdictions, could lead to substantial civil and criminal, monetary and non-monetary penalties, and related shareholder lawsuits, could cause us to incur significant legal fees, and could damage our reputation.
We may be subject to legal proceedings from time to time which seek material damages. The costs we incur in defending ourselves or associated with settling any of these proceedings, as well as a material final judgment or decree against us, could materially adversely affect our financial condition by requiring the payment of the settlement amount, a judgment or the posting of a bond.
In our history, we have defended class action lawsuits alleging various regulatory violations and have paid material amounts to settle such claims. Significant settlement amounts or final judgments could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and capital resources. The failure to pay any material judgment would be a default under our ABL Credit Agreement and our $200 million Term Loan Credit Agreement entered into in August 2019 (the "Term Loan Credit Agreement").
To attempt to limit costly and lengthy consumer, employee and other litigation, including class actions, we require our customers and employees to sign arbitration agreements, including class action waivers. In addition to opt-out provisions contained in such agreements, recent judicial and regulatory actions have attempted to restrict or eliminate the enforceability of such agreements and waivers. If we are not permitted to use arbitration agreements and/or class action waivers, or if the enforceability of such agreements and waivers is restricted or eliminated, we could incur increased costs to resolve legal actions brought by customers, employees and others, as we would be forced to participate in more expensive and lengthy dispute resolution processes.
Our operations are dependent on effective information management systems. Failure of these systems could negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We utilize integrated information management systems. The efficient operation of our business is dependent on these systems to effectively manage our financial and operational data. The failure of our information management systems to perform as designed due to “bugs,” crashes, internet failures and outages, operator error, or catastrophic events, and any associated loss of data or interruption of such information management systems for a significant period of time could disrupt our business. If the information
management systems sustain repeated failures, we may not be able to manage our store operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We invest in new information management technology and systems and implement modifications and upgrades to existing systems. These investments include replacing legacy systems, making changes to existing systems, building redundancies, and acquiring new systems and hardware with updated functionality. We take actions and implement procedures designed to ensure the successful implementation of these investments, including the testing of new systems and the transfer of existing data, with minimal disruptions to the business. These efforts may take longer and may require greater financial and other resources than anticipated, may cause distraction of key personnel, may cause disruptions to our existing systems and our business, and may not provide the anticipated benefits. A disruption in our information management systems, or our inability to improve, upgrade, integrate or expand our systems to meet our evolving business requirements, could impair our ability to achieve critical strategic initiatives and could materially adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If we fail to protect the integrity and security of customer and employee information, we could be exposed to litigation or regulatory enforcement and our business could be adversely impacted.
We collect and store certain personal information provided to us by our customers and employees in the ordinary course of our business. Despite instituted safeguards for the protection of such information, our systems continue to be subject to the risk of attack when computer hackers attempt to penetrate our network security and, if successful, misappropriate confidential customer or employee information. In addition, one of our employees, contractors or other third party with whom we do business may attempt to circumvent our security measures in order to obtain such information, or inadvertently cause a breach involving such information. Loss of customer or employee information could disrupt our operations, damage our reputation, and expose us to claims from customers, employees, regulators and other persons, any of which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the costs associated with information security, such as increased investment in technology, the costs of compliance with privacy laws, and costs incurred to prevent or remediate information security breaches, could adversely impact our business.
A change in control could accelerate our obligation to pay our outstanding indebtedness, and we may not have sufficient liquid assets at that time to repay these amounts.
Under our ABL Credit Agreement and our Term Loan Credit Agreement, an event of default would result if a third party became the beneficial owner of 40.0% or more of our voting stock or certain changes in the composition of Rent-A-Center’s Board of Directors during a twelve month period which were not recommended or approved by at least a majority of directors who were directors at the beginning of such twelve month period. As of December 31, 2019, we had a $239.5 million outstanding balance under our ABL Credit Facility and our Term Loan Credit Agreement, collectively.
If a specified change in control occurs and the lenders under our debt instruments accelerate these obligations, we may not have sufficient liquid assets to repay amounts outstanding under these agreements.
Rent-A-Center's organizational documents and our debt instruments contain provisions that may prevent or deter another group from paying a premium over the market price to Rent-A-Center's stockholders to acquire its stock.
Rent-A-Center’s organizational documents contain provisions that classify its Board of Directors, authorize its Board of Directors to issue blank check preferred stock and establish advance notice requirements on its stockholders for director nominations and actions to be taken at meetings of the stockholders. In addition, as a Delaware corporation, Rent-A-Center is subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law relating to business combinations. Our ABL Credit Agreement and Term Loan Credit Agreement contain various change in control provisions which, in the event of a change in control, would cause a default under those provisions. These provisions and arrangements could delay, deter or prevent a merger, consolidation, tender offer or other business combination or change in control involving us that could include a premium over the market price of Rent-A-Center’s common stock that some or a majority of Rent-A-Center’s stockholders might consider to be in their best interests.
Rent-A-Center is a holding company and is dependent on the operations and funds of its subsidiaries.
Rent-A-Center is a holding company, with no revenue generating operations and no assets other than its ownership interests in its direct and indirect subsidiaries. Accordingly, Rent-A-Center is dependent on the cash flow generated by its direct and indirect operating subsidiaries and must rely on dividends or other intercompany transfers from its operating subsidiaries to generate the funds necessary to meet its obligations, including the obligations under the ABL Credit Agreement and Term Loan Credit Agreement. The ability of Rent-A-Center’s subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other payments to it is subject to applicable state laws. Should one or more of Rent-A-Center’s subsidiaries be unable to pay dividends or make distributions, Rent-A-Center's ability to meet its ongoing obligations could be materially and adversely impacted.
Our stock price is volatile, and you may not be able to recover your investment if our stock price declines.
The price of our common stock has been volatile and can be expected to be significantly affected by factors such as:
•
our ability to meet market expectations with respect to the growth and profitability of each of our operating segments;
•
quarterly variations in our results of operations, which may be impacted by, among other things, changes in same store sales, invoice volume or when and how many locations we acquire, open, sell or close;
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quarterly variations in our competitors’ results of operations;
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changes in earnings estimates or buy/sell recommendations by financial analysts;
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how our actual financial performance compares to the financial performance guidance we provide;
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state or federal legislative or regulatory proposals, initiatives, actions or changes that are, or are perceived to be, adverse to our business;
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the stock price performance of comparable companies; and
•
the unpredictability of global and regional economic and political conditions.
In addition, the stock market as a whole historically has experienced price and volume fluctuations that have affected the market price of many specialty retailers in ways that may have been unrelated to these companies' operating performance.
There can be no assurance as to the level of dividends that we may pay on our common stock.
Holders of our common stock are only entitled to receive such dividends as our board of directors may declare out of funds legally available for such payments. Although we initiated a cash dividend on our common stock in 2019, we are not required to declare or pay dividends and there may be circumstances under which we may be unable to declare and pay dividends under applicable Delaware law or might otherwise eliminate our common stock divided in the future. This could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Failure to achieve and maintain effective internal controls could have a material adverse effect on our business and stock price.
Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports, our brand and operating results could be harmed. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
While we continue to evaluate and improve our internal controls, we cannot be certain that these measures will ensure that we implement and maintain adequate controls over our financial processes and reporting in the future. Any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations.
If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, as such standards are modified, supplemented or amended from time to time, we may not be able to ensure that we can conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Failure to achieve and maintain an effective internal control environment could cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a material adverse effect on our stock price.
Item 1B.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.
Item 2.
Item 2. Properties.
We lease space for all of our Rent-A-Center Business and Mexico stores under operating leases expiring at various times through 2026. In addition we lease space for certain support facilities under operating leases expiring at various times through 2032. Most of our store leases are five year leases and approximately half contain renewal options for additional periods ranging from three to five years at rental rates adjusted according to agreed-upon formulas. Store sizes average approximately 4,800 square feet. Approximately 75% of each store’s space is generally used for showroom space and 25% for offices and storage space. Our Preferred Lease kiosks occupy space without charge in the retailer's location with no lease commitment.
We believe suitable store space generally is available for lease and we would be able to relocate any of our stores or support facilities without significant difficulty should we be unable to renew a particular lease. We also expect additional space is readily available at competitive rates to open new stores or support facilities, as necessary.
Item 3.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
From time to time, we, along with our subsidiaries, are party to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. We reserve for loss contingencies that are both probable and reasonably estimable. We regularly monitor developments related to these legal proceedings, and review the adequacy of our legal reserves on a quarterly basis. We do not expect these losses to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements if and when such losses are incurred.
We are subject to unclaimed property audits by states in the ordinary course of business. The property subject to review in this audit process included unclaimed wages, vendor payments and customer refunds. State escheat laws generally require entities to report and remit abandoned and unclaimed property to the state. Failure to timely report and remit the property can result in assessments that could include interest and penalties, in addition to the payment of the escheat liability itself. We routinely remit escheat payments to states in compliance with applicable escheat laws. The negotiated settlements did not have a material adverse impact to our financial statements.
Blair v. Rent-A-Center, Inc. This matter was a state-wide class action complaint originally filed on March 13, 2017 in the Federal District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint alleged various claims, including that our cash sales and total rent to own prices exceeded the pricing permitted under California's Karnette Rental-Purchase Act. Following a court-ordered mediation on March 28, 2019, we reached an agreement in principle to settle this matter for a total of $13 million, including attorneys’ fees. The settlement was approved by the court in October 2019. We have denied any liability in the settlement and agreed to the settlement in order to avoid additional expensive, time-consuming litigation. We recorded the pre-tax charge for this settlement in the first quarter of 2019, and the settlement amount was paid in November 2019.
Velma Russell v. Acceptance Now. This purported class action arising out of calls made by Acceptance Now to customers’ reference (s) was filed on January 29, 2019 in Massachusetts state court. Specifically, plaintiffs sought to certify a class representing any references of customers (within the state of Massachusetts) during the 4 years prior to the filing date that were contacted by Acceptance Now more frequently during a 12 month period than is permitted by Massachusetts state law. The plaintiffs were seeking injunctive relief and statutory damages of $25 per reference which may be tripled to $75 per reference. References are not parties to our consumer arbitration agreement. We operate 12 Acceptance Now locations in Massachusetts. Mediation took place in September 2019. We reached an agreement in principle in December 2019 to settle this matter. The settlement amount is immaterial and we recorded a pre-tax charge for such settlement in the fourth quarter of 2019.
Federal Trade Commission civil investigative demand.As previously disclosed, in April 2019 Rent-A-Center, Inc. (the “Company”) received a Civil Investigative Demand (“CID”) from the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) seeking information regarding certain transactions involving the purchase and sale of customer lease agreements, and whether such transactions violated the FTC Act. On February 21, 2020, the FTC notified the Company that it had accepted for public comment an Agreement Containing Consent Order ("Agreement"). We expect the Agreement to be finally approved by the FTC following the 30-day public comment period which commenced on February 26, 2020. This Agreement is for settlement purposes only. While not admitting any wrongdoing, the Company chose to settle the CID after many months of legal expenses and cooperating with the FTC investigation, and no fines or penalties were assessed against the Company. The settlement permits us to continue purchasing and selling customer lease agreements so long as such agreements are not contractually interdependent or contingent on a reciprocal transaction, and does not require any material changes to the Company's current business practices.
Item 4.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
PART II
Item 5.
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Our common stock has been listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market® and its predecessors under the symbol “RCII” since January 25, 1995, the date we commenced our initial public offering.
As of February 21, 2020, there were approximately 38 record holders of our common stock.
Future decisions to pay cash dividends on our common stock continue to be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on a number of factors, including future earnings, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, financial condition, future prospects and any other factors our Board of Directors may deem relevant. Cash dividend payments are subject to certain restrictions in our debt agreements. Please see Note J to the consolidated financial statements for further discussion of such restrictions.
Under our current common stock repurchase program, our Board of Directors has authorized the purchase, from time to time, in the open market and privately negotiated transactions, up to an aggregate of $1.25 billion of Rent-A-Center common stock. As of December 31, 2019, we had purchased a total of 37,053,383 shares of Rent-A-Center common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $996.1 million under this common stock repurchase program. In the fourth quarter of 2019, we repurchased 58,730 shares. No shares were repurchased during 2018. Common stock repurchases are subject to certain restrictions in our debt agreements. Please see Note J to the consolidated financial statements for further discussion of such restrictions.
Stock Performance Graph
The following chart represents a comparison of the five year total return of our common stock to the NASDAQ Composite Index and the S&P 1500 Specialty Retail Index. We selected the S&P 1500 Specialty Retail Index for comparison because we use this published industry index as the comparator group to measure our relative total shareholder return for purposes of determining vesting of performance stock units granted under our long-term incentive compensation program. The graph assumes $100 was invested on December 31, 2014, and dividends, if any, were reinvested for all years ending December 31.
Item 6.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
The selected financial data presented below for the five years ended December 31, 2019, have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. The historical financial data are qualified in their entirety by, and should be read in conjunction with, the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and other financial information included in this report.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data - Continued.
(1)
Includes $92.5 million related to the receipt of a settlement related to a terminated merger transaction, $21.8 million related to the gain on sale of our corporate headquarters, and $1.1 million of insurance proceeds related to the 2017 hurricanes, partially offset by $20.1 million in merger termination and other incremental legal and professional fees, $13.0 million related to the Blair class action settlement, $10.2 million related to cost savings initiatives, $7.3 million related to store closure costs, $2.4 million related to state tax audit assessments, $1.4 million in transaction fees for the Merchants Preferred Acquisition, and $0.3 million related to other litigation settlements.
(2)
Includes the effects of a $2.2 million financing expense related to the write-off of unamortized financing costs.
(3)
Includes $30.4 million related to cost savings initiatives, $16.4 million in incremental legal and advisory fees, $11.6 million related to store closure costs, $1.2 million in capitalized software write-downs, and $(0.3) million related to the 2018 and 2017 hurricane impacts.
(4)
Includes the effects of a $0.5 million financing expense related to the write-off of unamortized financing costs.
(5)
Includes $24.0 million related to the closure of Preferred Lease locations, $18.2 million for capitalized software write-downs, $6.5 million for incremental legal and advisory fees, $5.4 million for 2017 hurricane impacts, $3.4 million for reductions at the field support center, $1.1 million for previous store closure plans, and $0.6 million in legal settlements.
(6)
Includes the effects of a $1.9 million financing expense related to the write-off of unamortized financing costs.
(7)
Includes a $77.5 million gain resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
(8)
Includes a $151.3 million goodwill impairment charge in the Rent-A-Center Business segment.
(9)
Includes $22.5 million primarily related to the closure of Rent-A-Center Business stores, Preferred Lease locations, and Mexico stores, partially offset by a $2.2 million legal settlement.
(10)
Includes revisions for immaterial correction of deferred tax error associated with our goodwill impairment reported in the fourth quarter of 2015.
(11)
Includes a $34.7 million write-down of smartphones.
(12)
Includes a $1,170.0 million goodwill impairment charge in the Rent-A-Center Business segment.
(13)
Includes a $7.5 million loss on the sale of Rent-A-Center Business and Canada stores, a $7.2 million charge related to the closure of Rent-A-Center Business and Mexico stores, $2.8 million of charges for start-up and warehouse closure expenses related to our sourcing and distribution initiative, a $2.0 million corporate reduction charge and $1.1 million of losses for other store sales and closures.
(14)
Includes $6.0 million of discrete adjustments to income tax reserves.
Item 7.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Recent Developments
Sale/Partial Leaseback of Corporate Headquarters
On December 27, 2019, we completed the sale of our corporate headquarters for proceeds of $43.2 million, and entered into a lease agreement for a reduced portion, approximately 60%, of the total square footage of the building. In connection with the sale, we recorded a gain of approximately $21.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2019. The lease includes an initial term of 12 years, with two five year renewal option periods at our discretion.
Results of Operations
We report financial operating performance under four operating segments. To better reflect the Company's current strategic focus, our retail partner business operations are now reported as the Preferred Lease segment (formerly Acceptance Now), which includes our virtual, staffed and hybrid business models; and our company-owned stores and e-commerce platform through rentacenter.com, are now reported as the Rent-A-Center Business segment (formerly Core U.S.). In addition, we report operating results for our Mexico and Franchising segments.
The following discussion focuses on our results of operations and issues related to our liquidity and capital resources. You should read this discussion in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Trends and Uncertainties
Virtual Business Model
On August 13, 2019, we completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of C/C Financial Corp. dba Merchants Preferred ("Merchants Preferred"), a nationwide provider of virtual lease-to-own services, accelerating our growth in the virtual lease-to-own industry. In addition, in January 2020, we announced plans for our new integrated retail partner offering under Preferred Lease, which combines our staffed and virtual lease-to-own business models to meet the needs and expectations of both our customers and retail partners. While we believe the acquisition of the Merchants Preferred virtual business model and rollout of our Preferred Lease integrated offering positions us for significant revenue and earnings growth, we are exposed to potential operating margin degradation due to the higher cost of merchandise in our retail partner business and potential for higher merchandise losses.
Cost Savings Initiatives
In 2018, we initiated and executed multiple cost savings initiatives, resulting in reductions in overhead and supply chain costs. While these initiatives have led to significant decreases in operating expenses and corresponding improvement in operating profit on a year-over-year basis in our 2018 and 2019 consolidated operating results, we do not expect to continue to realize cost reduction benefits at the same annualized rate in future periods.
Overview
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, consolidated revenues decreased approximately $9.4 million, primarily driven by the sale of company owned stores to franchisees and closures of certain Rent-A-Center Business stores, partially offset by increased same store sales. Operating profit, however, increased approximately $197.7 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, primarily due to receipt of a payment of $92.5 million in cash in May 2019 relating to the settlement on April 22, 2019 of all litigation with Vintage Rodeo Parent, LLC, Vintage Rodeo Acquisition, Inc., Vintage Capital Management, LLC and B. Riley Financial, Inc. (the "Vintage Settlement"); and gain recorded on the sale of our corporate headquarters, reduced operating expenses related to costs savings initiatives and store closures.
Revenues in our Rent-A-Center Business segment decreased approximately $55.2 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, driven by the refranchising of approximately 100 locations in the past 12 months and rationalization of the Rent-A-Center Business store base, partially offset by an increase in same store sales. Operating profit increased $88.2 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, primarily due to decreases in store labor and other store expenses driven by lower store count and cost savings initiatives.
The Preferred Lease segment revenues increased approximately $26.7 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, primarily due to the acquisition of Merchants Preferred and an increase in same store sales. Gross profit as a percent of revenue decreased 2.4% primarily due to value proposition changes. Operating profit as a percent of revenue decreased 1.9% primarily
due to a decrease in gross profit, in addition to higher merchandise losses, as discussed further in the segment performance section below.
The Mexico segment revenues increased by 8.8% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, driving an increase in operating profit of 105.6%, or $2.8 million.
Cash flow from operations was $215.4 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. We paid down debt by $303.2 million during the year, ending the period with $70.5 million of cash and cash equivalents.
The following table is a reference for the discussion that follows.
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018
Store Revenue. Total store revenue decreased by $23.6 million, or 0.9%, to $2,604.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, from $2,627.9 million for 2018. This was primarily due to a decrease of approximately $55.2 million in the Rent-A-Center Business segment, partially offset by an increase of $26.7 million in the Preferred Lease segment, as discussed further in the segment performance section below.
Same store revenue is reported on a constant currency basis and generally represents revenue earned in 2,762 locations that were operated by us for 13 months or more, excluding any store that receives a certain level of customer accounts from another store (acquisition or merger). Receiving stores will be eligible for inclusion in the same store sales base in the twenty-fourth full month following the account transfer. In addition, due to the severity of the impact of hurricanes, we instituted a change to the same store sales store selection criteria to exclude stores in geographically impacted regions for 18 months. Same store revenues increased by $82.4 million, or 4.6%, to $1,873.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to $1,791.4 million in 2018. The increase in same store revenues was primarily attributable to an improvement in the Rent-A-Center Business segment, as discussed further in the segment performance section below.
Cost of Rentals and Fees. Cost of rentals and fees consists primarily of depreciation of rental merchandise. Cost of rentals and fees for the year ended December 31, 2019 increased by $13.0 million, or 2.1%, to $634.9 million, as compared to $621.9 million in 2018. The increase in cost of rentals and fees was primarily attributable to an increase of $31.5 million in the Preferred Lease segment as a result of higher rentals and fees revenue, partially offset by a decrease of $19.9 million in the Rent-A-Center Business segment. Cost of rentals and fees expressed as a percentage of rentals and fees revenue increased to 28.5% for the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to 27.7% in 2018.
Cost of Merchandise Sold. Cost of merchandise sold represents the net book value of rental merchandise at time of sale. Cost of merchandise sold increased by $10.1 million, or 3.3%, to $319.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, from $308.9 million in 2018, primarily attributable to increases of $9.3 million and $1.0 million in the Rent-A-Center Business and Preferred Lease segments, respectively. The gross margin percent of merchandise sales decreased to (4.7)% for the year ended December 31, 2019, from (1.5)% in 2018.
Gross Profit. Gross profit decreased by $44.1 million, or 2.6%, to $1,644.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, from $1,688.2 million in 2018, due primarily to decreases of $44.7 million and $5.8 million in the Rent-A-Center Business and Preferred Lease segments, respectively partially offset by increases of $3.3 million and $3.1 million in the Franchising and Mexico segments, respectively, in each case as discussed further in the segment performance section below. Gross profit as a percentage of total revenue decreased to 61.6% in 2019 compared to 63.5% in 2018.
Store Labor. Store labor includes all salaries and wages paid to store-level employees and district managers' salaries, together with payroll taxes and benefits. Store labor decreased by $53.3 million, or 7.8%, to $630.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to $683.4 million in 2018, primarily attributable to a decrease of $53.7 million in the Rent-A-Center Business segment, driven by our cost savings initiatives and lower Rent-A-Center Business store base (see Note M to the consolidated financial statements for additional detail). Store labor expressed as a percentage of total store revenue was 24.2% for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to 26.0% in 2018.
Other Store Expenses. Other store expenses include occupancy, charge-offs due to customer stolen merchandise, delivery, advertising, selling, insurance, travel and other store-level operating expenses. Other store expenses decreased by $39.8 million, or 6.1%, to $617.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to $656.9 million in 2018, primarily attributable to a decrease of $55.1 million in the Rent-A-Center Business segment, as a result of lower Rent-A-Center Business store base, partially offset by an increase of $13.1 million in the Preferred Lease segment primarily related to merchandise losses. Other store expenses expressed as a percentage of total store revenue decreased to 23.7% for the year ended December 31, 2019, from 25.0% in 2018.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses include all corporate overhead expenses related to our headquarters such as salaries, payroll taxes and benefits, stock-based compensation, occupancy, administrative and other operating expenses, as well as salaries and labor costs for our regional directors, divisional vice presidents and executive vice presidents. General and administrative expenses decreased by $20.8 million, or 12.7%, to $142.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to $163.4 million in 2018, primarily as a result of our cost savings initiatives. General and administrative expenses expressed as a percentage of total revenue decreased to 5.3% for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to 6.1% in 2018.
Other (Gains) and Charges. Other charges decreased by $120.0 million, or 202.4%, to $(60.7) million in 2019, as compared to $59.3 million in 2018. Other gains for the year ended December 31, 2019 were primarily related to receipt of the Vintage Settlement
Proceeds and gain recorded on the sale of our corporate headquarters, partially offset by merger termination and other incremental legal and professional fees, legal settlements, state sales tax audit assessments, acquisition transaction fees, and charges related to cost savings initiatives and store closures. See Note M to the consolidated financial statements for additional detail regarding these other charges.
Operating Profit. Operating profit increased $197.8 million, or 352.2%, to $253.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to $56.1 million in 2018, primarily due to an increase of $114.9 million in the Corporate segment primarily due to the other gains discussed above, and an increase of $88.2 million in the Rent-A-Center Business segment, as discussed further in the segment performance sections below. Operating profit expressed as a percentage of total revenue was 9.5% for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to 2.1% for 2018. Excluding other charges, profit was $193.1 million or 7.2% of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to $115.5 million or 4.3% of revenue for the comparable period of 2018.
Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 was $50.2 million, as compared to $5.3 million in 2018. The effective tax rate was 22.4% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, compared to 38.6% in 2018.
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2018 and 2017
Store Revenue. Total store revenue decreased by $52.5 million, or 2.0%, to $2,627.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, from $2,680.4 million for 2017. This was primarily due to a decrease of approximately $75.4 million in the Preferred Lease segment, partially offset by an increase of $20.3 million in the Rent-A-Center Business segment, as discussed further in the segment performance section below.
Same store revenue is reported on a constant currency basis and generally represents revenue earned in 2,575 locations that were operated by us for 13 months or more, excluding any store that receives a certain level of customer accounts from another store (acquisition or merger). Receiving stores will be eligible for inclusion in the same store sales base in the twenty-fourth full month following the account transfer. In addition, due to the severity of the hurricane impacts, we instituted a change to the same store sales store selection criteria to exclude stores in geographically impacted regions for 18 months. Same store revenues increased by $74.8 million, or 4.7%, to $1,653.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to $1,578.6 million in 2017. The increase in same store revenues was primarily attributable to an improvement in the Rent-A-Center Business segment, as discussed further in the segment performance section below.
Cost of Rentals and Fees. Cost of rentals and fees consists primarily of depreciation of rental merchandise. Cost of rentals and fees for the year ended December 31, 2018 decreased by $3.5 million, or 0.6%, to $621.9 million, as compared to $625.4 million in 2017. This decrease in cost of rentals and fees was primarily attributable to a decrease of $8.1 million in the Rent-A-Center Business segment as a result of lower rentals and fees revenue, partially offset by an increase of $3.8 million in the Preferred Lease segment. Cost of rentals and fees expressed as a percentage of rentals and fees revenue increased to 27.7% for the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to 27.6% in 2017.
Cost of Merchandise Sold. Cost of merchandise sold represents the net book value of rental merchandise at time of sale. Cost of merchandise sold decreased by $13.7 million, or 4.3%, to $308.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, from $322.6 million in 2017, primarily attributable to a decrease of $18.8 million in the Preferred Lease segment, partially offset by an increase of $5.1 million in the Rent-A-Center Business segment. The gross margin percent of merchandise sales decreased to (1.5)% for the year ended December 31, 2018, from 2.6% in 2017.
Gross Profit. Gross profit decreased by $30.3 million, or 1.8%, to $1,688.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, from $1,718.5 million in 2017, due primarily to a decrease of $60.4 million in the Preferred Lease segment, partially offset by an increase of $23.6 million and $4.6 million in the Rent-A-Center Business and Franchising segments, respectively, as discussed further in the segment performance section below. Gross profit as a percentage of total revenue decreased to 63.5% in 2018 compared to 63.6% in 2017.
Store Labor. Store labor includes all salaries and wages paid to store-level employees and district managers' salaries, together with payroll taxes and benefits. Store labor decreased by $49.1 million, or 6.7%, to $683.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to $732.5 million in 2017, primarily attributable to a decrease of $29.4 million and $19.8 million in the Preferred Lease and Rent-A-Center Business segments, respectively, driven by cost savings initiatives and lower Rent-A-Center Business store base. Store labor expressed as a percentage of total store revenue was 26.0% for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to 27.3% in 2017.
Other Store Expenses. Other store expenses include occupancy, charge-offs due to customer stolen merchandise, delivery, advertising, selling, insurance, travel and other store-level operating expenses. Other store expenses decreased by $87.3 million,
or 11.7%, to $656.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to $744.2 million in 2017, primarily attributable to decreases of $51.6 million and $37.5 million in the Preferred Lease and Rent-A-Center Business segments, respectively, as a result of lower customer stolen merchandise losses for Preferred Lease and lower Rent-A-Center Business store base. Other store expenses expressed as a percentage of total store revenue decreased to 25.0% for the year ended December 31, 2018, from 27.8% in 2017.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses include all corporate overhead expenses related to our headquarters such as salaries, payroll taxes and benefits, stock-based compensation, occupancy, administrative and other operating expenses, as well as salaries and labor costs for our regional directors, divisional vice presidents and executive vice presidents. General and administrative expenses decreased by $7.7 million, or 4.5%, to $163.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to $171.1 million in 2017. General and administrative expenses expressed as a percentage of total revenue decreased to 6.1% for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared to 6.3% in 2017.
Other Charges. Other charges increased by $0.1 million, or 0.2%, to $59.3 million in 2018, as compared to $59.2 million in 2017. Other charges for the year ended December 31, 2018 primarily related to cost savings initiatives, including reductions in overhead and supply chain, incremental legal and advisory fees, Rent-A-Center Business store closures, and write-down of capitalized software assets. See Note L to the consolidated financial statements for additional detail regarding these other charges.
Operating Profit (Loss). Operating profit increased $119.2 million, or 189.0%, to $56.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to operating loss of $63.1 million in 2017, primarily due to increases of $61.6 million and $45.3 million in the Rent-A-Center Business and Preferred Lease segments, respectively, as discussed further in the segment performance sections below. Operating profit (loss) expressed as a percentage of total revenue was 2.1% for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to (2.3)% for 2017. Excluding other charges, profit was $115.5 million or 4.3% of revenue or the year ended December 31, 2018, compared to $(3.8) million or (0.1)% of revenue for the comparable period of 2017.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit). Income tax expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 was $5.3 million, as compared to an income tax benefit of $116.9 million in 2017, primarily due to the impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“Tax Act”) on our deferred tax balances in the prior year. The effective tax rate was 38.6% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2018, compared to 106.0% in 2017. Excluding impacts from the Tax Act, the effective tax rate was 41.5% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2017.
Net Earnings. Net earnings were $8.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to $6.7 million in 2017. Excluding impacts from other charges and the Tax Act, net earnings were $57.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to net loss of $28.7 million in 2017.
Segment Performance
Rent-A-Center Business segment.
Revenues. The decrease in revenue for the year ended December 31, 2019 was driven primarily by a decrease in rentals and fees revenue of $54.8 million, as compared to 2018. This decrease is primarily due to our refranchising efforts and the rationalization of our Rent-A-Center Business store base, partially offset by increases in same store sales.
Gross Profit. Gross profit decreased in 2019 primarily due to the decreases in revenue described above, in addition to an increase in cost of merchandise sold of $9.3 million, related to our strategy to enhance our value proposition. Gross profit as a percentage of segment revenues decreased to 69.7% in 2019 from 70.0% in 2018.
Operating Profit. Operating profit as a percentage of segment revenues was 13.1% for 2019 compared to 8.0% for 2018, primarily due to decreases in other store expenses of $55.1 million and store labor of $53.7 million. Declines in store labor and other store expenses were driven primarily by lower store count and cost savings initiatives. Charge-offs in our Rent-A-Center Business lease-to-own stores due to customer stolen merchandise, expressed as a percentage of Rent-A-Center Business lease-to-own revenues,
were approximately 3.8% for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to 3.3% in 2018. Other merchandise losses include unrepairable and missing merchandise, and loss/damage waiver claims. Charge-offs in our Rent-A-Center Business lease-to-own stores due to other merchandise losses, expressed as a percentage of revenues, were approximately 1.3% for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to 1.6% in 2018.
Preferred Lease segment.
Revenues. Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019 increased compared to 2018, primarily due to the acquisition of Merchants Preferred and an increase in same store sales.
Gross Profit. Gross profit decreased for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to 2018, primarily due to our strategy to enhance our value proposition. Gross profit as a percentage of segment revenue decreased to 44.6% in 2019 as compared to 47.0% in 2018.
Operating Profit. Operating profit decreased by 11.6% compared to 2018, primarily due to decline in gross profit described above and higher merchandise losses. Charge-offs in our Preferred Lease locations due to customer stolen merchandise, expressed as a percentage of revenues, were approximately 10.7% in 2019 as compared to 9.0% in 2018. Other merchandise losses include unrepairable merchandise and loss/damage waiver claims. Charge-offs in our Preferred Lease locations due to other merchandise losses, expressed as a percentage of revenues, were approximately 0.3% and 0.6% in 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Mexico segment.
Revenues. Revenues for 2019 were positively impacted by exchange rate fluctuations of approximately $0.1 million, as compared to 2018. On a constant currency basis, revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019 increased approximately $4.2 million.
Gross Profit. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2019 was minimally impacted by the exchange rate fluctuations as compared to 2018. Gross profit as a percentage of segment revenues increased to 69.5% in 2019, compared to 69.3% in 2018.
Operating Profit. Operating profit for the year ended December 31, 2019 was minimally impacted by exchange rate fluctuations compared to 2018. Operating profit as a percentage of segment revenues increased to 9.9% in 2019, compared to 5.3% in 2018.
Franchising segment.
Revenues. Revenues increased for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to 2018, primarily due to an increase in franchise locations, as a result of refranchising previous corporate owned stores, resulting in higher merchandise sales.
Gross Profit. Gross profit as a percentage of segment revenues decreased to 26.7% in 2019 from 44.1% in 2018, primarily due to changes in revenue mix between franchise royalties and fees, and rental merchandise sales, primarily as a result of the increase in franchise locations described above.
Operating Profit. Operating profit as a percentage of segment revenues decreased to 10.9% in 2019 from 13.5% for 2018, primarily due to the decline in gross profit described above.
Quarterly Results
The following table contains certain unaudited historical financial information for the quarters indicated:
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview. For the year ended December 31, 2019, we generated $215.4 million in operating cash flow, including approximately $80 million of net pre-tax proceeds from the Vintage Settlement. We paid down debt by $303.2 million, and used cash of $28.9 million for the acquisition of businesses, and $21.2 million for capital expenditures. In addition, we received proceeds from the sale of property assets of $69.7 million, ending the year with $70.5 million of cash and cash equivalents.
Analysis of Cash Flow. Cash provided by operating activities decreased by $12.1 million to $215.4 million in 2019 from $227.5 million in 2018. The decrease was primarily attributable to higher inventory purchases during the twelve months ended December
31, 2019, in addition to the prior year receipt of our federal income tax refund in 2018 of approximately $35.2 million, partially offset by the receipt of the Vintage Settlement Proceeds in 2019.
Cash provided by investing activities increased approximately $25.5 million to $20.8 million in 2019 from $(4.7) million in 2018, due primarily to an increase in proceeds from the sale of property assets of approximately $44.4 million, partially offset by an increase of approximately $26.9 million in cash used for the acquisition of businesses.
Cash used in financing activities increased by $181.3 million to $321.6 million in 2019 from $140.3 million in 2018, primarily driven by our net reduction in debt of $303.2 million in 2019, as compared to a net decrease in debt of $139.3 million in 2018. In addition, we increased dividend payments by $13.7 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019.
Liquidity Requirements. Our primary liquidity requirements are for rental merchandise purchases. Other capital requirements include expenditures for property assets, debt service, and dividends. Our primary sources of liquidity have been cash provided by operations. Should we require additional funding sources, we maintain a five-year asset-based revolving credit facility (the "ABL Credit Facility"), with commitments of $300 million, provided for under the Asset Based Loan Credit Agreement, entered into on August 5, 2019 (the "ABLE Credit Agreement"). We utilize our ABL Credit Facility for the issuance of letters of credit, as well as to manage normal fluctuations in operational cash flow caused by the timing of cash receipts. In that regard, we may from time to time draw funds under the ABL Credit Facility for general corporate purposes. Amounts are drawn as needed due to the timing of cash flows and are generally paid down as cash is generated by our operating activities.
We believe cash flow generated from operations and availability under our ABL Credit Facility, will be sufficient to fund our operations during the next 12 months. At February 21, 2020, we had approximately $36.2 million in cash on hand, and $168.2 million available under our ABL Credit Agreement at December 31, 2019.
Deferred Taxes. Certain federal tax legislation enacted during the period 2009 to 2017 permitted bonus first-year depreciation deductions ranging from 50% to 100% of the adjusted basis of qualified property placed in service during such years. The depreciation benefits associated with these tax acts are now reversing. The Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes Act of 2015 ("PATH") extended the 50% bonus depreciation to 2015 and through September 26, 2017, when it was updated by the Tax Act. The Tax Act allows 100% bonus depreciation for certain property placed in service between September 27, 2017 and December 31, 2022, at which point it will begin to phase out. The bonus depreciation provided by the Tax Act resulted in an estimated benefit of $194 million for us in 2019. We estimate the remaining tax deferral associated with bonus depreciation from this act is approximately $239 million at December 31, 2019, of which approximately 78%, or $189 million, will reverse in 2020, and the majority of the remainder will reverse between 2021 and 2022.
Merchandise Losses. Merchandise losses consist of the following:
(1)
Other merchandise losses include unrepairable and missing merchandise, and loss/damage waiver claims.
Capital Expenditures. We make capital expenditures in order to maintain our existing operations as well as for new capital assets in new and acquired stores, and investment in information technology. We spent $21.2 million, $28.0 million and $65.5 million on capital expenditures in the years 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Acquisitions and New Location Openings. On August 13, 2019, we completed the previously announced acquisition of substantially all of the assets of C/C Financial Corp d/b/a Merchants Preferred ("Merchants Preferred"), a nationwide virtual lease-to-own provider, for total consideration of approximately $46.3 million. In addition, during 2019, we acquired four new Rent-A-Center Business locations and customer accounts for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $0.5 million in three transactions. See Note G to the consolidated financial statements for information about cash used to acquire locations and accounts.
The tables below summarize the location activity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.
(1) Does not include virtual locations.
(1) Does not include virtual locations.
(1) Does not include virtual locations.
Senior Debt. As discussed in Notes J and K to the consolidated financial statements, in August 2019, we completed the refinancing of our prior revolving facility and effective August 5, 2019, redeemed in full our unsecured senior notes using cash on hand and proceeds from our new $300 million ABL Credit Facility and $200 million from a new term loan under our ABL Credit Agreement. We may use, subject to certain limitations and borrowing availability, $150 million under our ABL Credit Agreement for the issuance of letters of credit, of which $89 million had been so utilized as of February 21, 2020. The ABL Credit Agreement has a scheduled maturity of August 5, 2024.
Store Leases. We lease space for all of our Rent-A-Center Business and Mexico stores under operating leases expiring at various times through 2026. In addition we lease space for certain support facilities under operating leases expiring at various times through 2032. Most of our store leases are five year leases and contain renewal options for additional periods ranging from three to five years at rental rates adjusted according to agreed-upon formulas.
Contractual Cash Commitments. The table below summarizes debt, lease and other minimum cash obligations outstanding as of December 31, 2019:
(1)
Does not include interest payments. Our Term Loan bears interest at varying rates equal to the Eurodollar rate plus 4.50%. The Eurodollar rate on our Term Loan at December 31, 2019, was 6.25%.
(2)
Does not include interest payments. Our ABL Credit Agreement bears interest at varying rates equal to the Eurodollar rate plus 1.50% to 2.00%. The weighted average Eurodollar rate on our ABL Credit Agreement at December 31, 2019, was 3.25%.
(3)
As of December 31, 2019, we have recorded $24.2 million in uncertain tax positions. Because of the uncertainty of the amounts to be ultimately paid as well as the timing of such payments, uncertain tax positions are not reflected in the contractual obligations table.
Seasonality. Our revenue mix is moderately seasonal, with the first quarter of each fiscal year generally providing higher merchandise sales than any other quarter during a fiscal year. Generally, our customers will more frequently exercise the early purchase option on their existing rental purchase agreements or purchase pre-leased merchandise off the showroom floor during the first quarter of each fiscal year, primarily due to the receipt of federal income tax refunds.
Critical Accounting Estimates, Uncertainties or Assessments in Our Financial Statements
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent losses and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. In applying accounting principles, we must often make individual estimates and assumptions regarding expected outcomes or uncertainties. Our estimates, judgments and assumptions are continually evaluated based on available information and experience. Because of the use of estimates inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates. We believe the following are areas where the degree of judgment and complexity in determining amounts recorded in our consolidated financial statements make the accounting policies critical.
If we make changes to our reserves in accordance with the policies described below, our earnings would be impacted. Increases to our reserves would reduce earnings and, similarly, reductions to our reserves would increase our earnings. A pre-tax change of approximately $0.7 million in our estimates would result in a corresponding $0.01 change in our diluted earnings per common share.
Self-Insurance Liabilities. We have self-insured retentions with respect to losses under our workers' compensation, general liability, vehicle liability and health insurance programs. We establish reserves for our liabilities associated with these losses by obtaining forecasts for the ultimate expected losses and estimating amounts needed to pay losses within our self-insured retentions.
We continually institute procedures to manage our loss exposure and increases in health care costs associated with our insurance claims through our risk management function, including a transitional duty program for injured workers, ongoing safety and accident prevention training, and various other programs designed to minimize losses and improve our loss experience in our store locations. We make assumptions on our liabilities within our self-insured retentions using actuarial loss forecasts, company-specific development factors, general industry loss development factors, and third-party claim administrator loss estimates which are based
on known facts surrounding individual claims. These assumptions incorporate expected increases in health care costs. Periodically, we reevaluate our estimate of liability within our self-insured retentions. At that time, we evaluate the adequacy of our reserves by comparing amounts reserved on our balance sheet for anticipated losses to our updated actuarial loss forecasts and third-party claim administrator loss estimates, and make adjustments to our reserves as needed.
As of December 31, 2019, the amount reserved for losses within our self-insured retentions with respect to workers’ compensation, general liability and vehicle liability insurance was $97.3 million, as compared to $101.6 million at December 31, 2018. However, if any of the factors that contribute to the overall cost of insurance claims were to change, the actual amount incurred for our self-insurance liabilities could be more or less than the amounts currently reserved.
Rental Merchandise. Rental merchandise is carried at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation for merchandise is generally provided using the income forecasting method, which is intended to match as closely as practicable the recognition of depreciation expense with the consumption of the rental merchandise, and assumes no salvage value. The consumption of rental merchandise occurs during periods of rental and directly coincides with the receipt of rental revenue over the rental purchase agreement period. Under the income forecasting method, merchandise held for rent is not depreciated and merchandise on rent is depreciated in the proportion of rents received to total rents provided in the rental contract, which is an activity-based method similar to the units of production method. We depreciate merchandise (including computers and tablets) that is held for rent for at least 180 consecutive days using the straight-line method over a period generally not to exceed 18 months. Beginning in 2016, smartphones are depreciated over an 18-month straight-line basis beginning with the earlier of on rent or 90 consecutive days on held for rent.
Rental merchandise which is damaged and inoperable is expensed when such impairment occurs. In addition, any minor repairs made to rental merchandise are expensed at the time of the repair. If a customer does not return merchandise on-rent or make a payment, the remaining book value of the rental merchandise associated with delinquent accounts is generally charged off on or before the 90th day following the time the account became past due in the Rent-A-Center Business and Mexico segments, and during the month following the 150th day in the Preferred Lease segment. We maintain a reserve for these expected losses, which estimates the merchandise losses incurred but not yet identified by management as of the end of the accounting period based on a combination of historical write-offs and expected future losses. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the reserve for merchandise losses was $55.2 million and $42.6 million, respectively.
Income Taxes. Our annual tax rate is affected by many factors, including the mix of our earnings, legislation and acquisitions, and is based on our income, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available to us in the jurisdictions in which we operate. Tax laws are complex and subject to differing interpretations between the taxpayer and the taxing authorities. Significant judgment is required in determining our tax expense, evaluating our tax positions and evaluating uncertainties. Deferred income tax assets represent amounts available to reduce income taxes payable in future years. Such assets arise because of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, as well as from net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. We evaluate the recoverability of these future tax deductions and credits by assessing the future expected taxable income from all sources, including reversal of taxable temporary differences, forecasted operating earnings and available tax planning strategies. These sources of income rely heavily on estimates. We use our historical experience and our short- and long-range business forecasts to provide insight and assist us in determining recoverability. We recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon the ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. A number of years may elapse before a particular matter, for which we have recorded a liability, is audited and effectively settled. We review our tax positions quarterly and adjust our liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the period in which we determine the issue is effectively settled with the tax authorities, the statute of limitations expires for the relevant taxing authority to examine the tax position, or when more information becomes available.
Valuation of Goodwill. We perform an assessment of goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level annually on October 1, or between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Factors which could necessitate an interim impairment assessment include, but are not limited to, a sustained decline in our market capitalization, prolonged negative industry or economic trends and significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results.
We use a two-step approach to assess goodwill impairment. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, then the goodwill is not deemed impaired. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds fair value, we perform a second analysis to measure the fair value of all assets and liabilities within the reporting unit, and if the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, goodwill is considered impaired. The amount of the impairment is the difference between the carrying value of goodwill and the implied fair value, which is calculated as if the reporting unit had been acquired and accounted for as a business combination. As an alternative to this annual impairment testing, the Company may perform a qualitative assessment for impairment if it believes it is not more likely than not that the carrying value of a reporting unit's net assets exceeds the reporting unit's fair value.
Our reporting units are our reportable operating segments identified in Note S to the consolidated financial statements. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit is judgmental in nature and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions that we believe are reasonable but inherently uncertain, and actual results may differ from those estimates. These estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, future cash flows based on revenue growth rates and operating margins, and future economic and market conditions approximated by a discount rate derived from our weighted average cost of capital. Factors that could affect our ability to achieve the expected growth rates or operating margins include, but are not limited to, the general strength of the economy and other economic conditions that affect consumer preferences and spending and factors that affect the disposable income of our current and potential customers. Factors that could affect our weighted average cost of capital include changes in interest rates and changes in our effective tax rate.
During the period from our 2018 goodwill impairment assessment through the third quarter 2019, we periodically analyzed whether any indicators of impairment had occurred. As part of these periodic analyses, we compared estimated fair value of the company, as determined based on the consolidated stock price, to its net book value. As the estimated fair value of the company was higher than its net book value during each of these periods, no additional testing was deemed necessary.
We completed a qualitative assessment for impairment of goodwill as of October 1, 2019, concluding it was not more likely than not that the carrying value of our reporting unit's net assets exceeded the reporting unit's fair value.
At December 31, 2019, the amount of goodwill allocated to the Rent-A-Center Business and Preferred Lease segments was $1.5 million and $68.7 million, respectively. At December 31, 2018 the amount of goodwill allocated to the Rent-A-Center Business and Preferred Lease segments was $1.5 million and $55.3 million, respectively.
Based on an assessment of our accounting policies and the underlying judgments and uncertainties affecting the application of those policies, we believe our consolidated financial statements fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of our company as of, and for, the periods presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. However, we do not suggest that other general risk factors, such as those discussed elsewhere in this report as well as changes in our growth objectives or performance of new or acquired locations, could not adversely impact our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows in future periods.
Effect of New Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which requires immediate recognition of estimated current expected credit losses, rather than recognition when incurred. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 will be required for us beginning January 1, 2020. Adoption is required using a modified retrospective approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings in the year of adoption. We believe application of this ASU is limited to our installment notes receivables and trade receivables with our franchisees, primarily related to merchandise sales. Based on the limited scope in which we believe this ASU applies to our business, we do not expect the impact of adoption to be material to our financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating the hypothetical purchase price allocation and instead using the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the reporting unit. The adoption of ASU 2017-04 will be required for us on a prospective basis beginning January 1, 2020.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which removes, modifies, and adds certain disclosure requirements in ASC 820, to improve the effectiveness of the fair value measurement disclosures. The adoption of ASU 2018-13 will be required for us beginning January 1, 2020. We do not believe this ASU will have a material impact on our financial statements upon adoption.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40); Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement, which requires implementation costs incurred by customers in cloud computing arrangements (CCAs) to be deferred and recognized over the term of the arrangement, if those costs would be capitalized by the customer in a software licensing agreement under the internal-use software guidance in ASC 350-40. The adoption of ASU 2018-15 will be required for us beginning January 1, 2020. We do not believe this ASU will have a material impact on our financial statements upon adoption.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. The standard removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 will be required for us beginning January 1, 2021. We do not believe this ASU will have a material impact on our financial statements upon adoption.
From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB or other standards setting bodies that we adopt as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, we believe the impact of any other recently issued standards that are not
yet effective are either not applicable to us at this time or will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption.
Item 7A.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
As of December 31, 2019, we had $199.5 million outstanding under our term loan credit agreement and $40.0 million outstanding under our ABL Credit Agreement, each at interest rates indexed to the Eurodollar rate or the prime rate. Carrying value approximates fair value for this indebtedness.
Market Risk
Market risk is the potential change in an instrument’s value caused by fluctuations in interest rates. Our primary market risk exposure is fluctuations in interest rates. Monitoring and managing this risk is a continual process carried out by our senior management. We manage our market risk based on an ongoing assessment of trends in interest rates and economic developments, giving consideration to possible effects on both total return and reported earnings. As a result of such assessment, we may enter into swap contracts or other interest rate protection agreements from time to time to mitigate this risk.
Interest Rate Risk
We have outstanding debt with variable interest rates indexed to prime or Eurodollar rates that exposes us to the risk of increased interest costs if interest rates rise. As of December 31, 2019, we have not entered into any interest rate swap agreements. Based on our overall interest rate exposure at December 31, 2019, a hypothetical 1.0% increase or decrease in market interest rates would have the effect of causing a $2.4 million additional annualized pre-tax charge or credit to our consolidated statement of operations.
Foreign Currency Translation
We are exposed to market risk from foreign exchange rate fluctuations of the Mexican peso to the U.S. dollar as the financial position and operating results of our stores in Mexico are translated into U.S. dollars for consolidation. Resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of stockholders' equity.
Item 8.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Page
Rent-A-Center, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms
Management's Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Rent-A-Center, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Rent-A-Center, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for the year then ended and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated February 28, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Adoption of New Accounting Standard
As discussed in Note A to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for leases in 2019 due to the adoption of ASU No. 2016-02, Leases.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Self-Insurance Liabilities
Description of the Matter
As described in Note A to the consolidated financial statements, the Company recorded liabilities totaling $97.3 million associated with its self-insured retentions for workers’ compensation, general liability and vehicle liability insurance (collectively, the self-insurance liabilities). The self-insurance liabilities are established by obtaining forecasts for the ultimate expected losses and estimating amounts needed to pay losses within the self-insured retentions.
Auditing the Company's self-insurance liabilities is complex and required us to use our actuarial specialists due to the significant measurement uncertainty associated with the estimates, management’s application of judgment, and the use of various actuarial methods. The Company’s analyses of the self-insurance liabilities consider a variety of factors, including the actuarial loss forecasts, company-specific development factors, general industry loss development factors and third-party claim administrator loss estimates of individual claims. The self-insurance liabilities are sensitive to changes in these factors.
How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit
We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design, and tested the operating effectiveness of the Company’s controls over the self-insurance liabilities processes. For example, we tested controls over the factors mentioned above that management used in the calculations and the completeness and accuracy of the data underlying the ultimate expected losses.
To evaluate the reserve for self-insurance liabilities, we performed audit procedures that included, among others, testing the completeness and accuracy of the underlying claims data provided to management's actuarial specialist. Additionally, we involved our actuarial specialists to assist in our evaluation of the key factors mentioned above and the methodologies applied by management's specialist to establish the actuarially determined ultimate expected losses and develop a range for ultimate expected loss estimates based on independently developed assumptions, which we compared to the Company's recorded reserves for self-insurance liabilities.
Merchandise Loss Reserve
Description of the Matter
As described in Note A to the consolidated financial statements, the Company maintains a $55.2 million reserve for expected merchandise losses from unreturned merchandise related to delinquent rental agreements. The Company estimates this reserve based on a combination of historical write-offs and expected future losses.
Auditing the Company’s merchandise loss reserve was complex due to the level of uncertainty associated with management’s assumptions used to estimate the reserve. In particular, management was required to estimate the amount of merchandise not expected to be returned related to delinquent accounts. The Company estimates expected losses from delinquent accounts based on historical write-off experience, including the number of days past due before a write-off occurred and expectations about future losses from delinquent accounts at the end of the year.
How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit
We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design, and tested the operating effectiveness of controls over the Company’s process to determine the valuation of the merchandise loss reserve. This included testing controls over the Company’s review of the significant inputs underlying the reserve estimate, which include those mentioned above.
To test the adequacy of the Company’s merchandise loss reserve, we performed substantive audit procedures that included, among others, testing the accuracy and
completeness of the underlying data used in the reserve calculations and evaluating the Company’s methodology for estimating future losses. We evaluated significant assumptions, including those mentioned above, that were used in management’s calculation of the merchandise loss reserve. We also tested a sample of actual charge-offs to supporting documents to validate the number of days an account is delinquent before a write-off occurs for merchandise on rent. Among our other procedures, we performed sensitivity analyses over significant assumptions to evaluate the changes in the estimated merchandise loss reserve resulting from changes in the Company's significant assumptions.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Rent-A-Center, Inc.:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Rent-A-Center, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2018, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2018, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2018, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Rent-A-Center, Inc.
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited Rent-A-Center, Inc. and subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Rent-A-Center, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on the COSO criteria.
As indicated in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, management’s assessment of and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of C/C Financial Corporation, which is included in the 2019 consolidated financial statements of the Company and constituted 4% and 12% of total and net assets, respectively, as of December 31, 2019 and 1% of revenues and $1.5 million of operating loss, respectively, for the year then ended. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also did not include an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of C/C Financial Corporation.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended and the related notes and our report dated February 28, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
MANAGEMENT’S ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL
OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Management of the Company, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company’s internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to management and the Company’s Board of Directors regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. A system of internal control may become inadequate over time because of changes in conditions, or deterioration in the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, using the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). Based on this assessment, management has concluded that, as of December 31, 2019, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles based on such criteria.
In August 2019, we acquired C/C Financial Corp d/b/a Merchants Preferred ("Merchants Preferred"). We are currently in the process of integrating Merchants Preferred into our assessment of our internal control over financial reporting. Because Merchants Preferred does not constitute a significant portion of our operations on a consolidated basis, we do not currently expect this integration effort to have a material effect on our internal control over financial reporting. Management's assessment and conclusions on the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2019 excludes an assessment of the internal control over financial reporting of Merchants Preferred. As of December 31, 2019, Merchants Preferred's financial results constituted approximately 4% and 12% of our total assets and net assets, respectively, approximately 1% of our revenues and an operating loss of $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Ernst & Young LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, has issued an audit report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, which is included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note A - Nature of Operations and Summary of Accounting Policies
A summary of the significant accounting policies consistently applied in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements follows:
Principles of Consolidation and Nature of Operations
These financial statements include the accounts of Rent-A-Center, Inc. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Unless the context indicates otherwise, references to “Rent-A-Center” refer only to Rent-A-Center, Inc., the parent, and references to “we,” “us” and “our” refer to the consolidated business operations of Rent-A-Center and any or all of its direct and indirect subsidiaries. We report four operating segments: Rent-A-Center Business, Preferred Lease, Mexico and Franchising.
Our Rent-A-Center Business segment consists of company-owned lease-to-own stores in the United States and Puerto Rico that lease household durable goods to customers on a lease-to-own basis. We also offer merchandise on an installment sales basis in certain of our stores under the names “Get It Now” and “Home Choice.” At December 31, 2019, we operated 1,973 company-owned stores nationwide and in Puerto Rico, including 44 retail installment sales stores.
Our Preferred Lease segment, which operates in the United States and Puerto Rico, and includes the operations of the recently acquired Merchants Preferred, generally offers the lease-to-own transaction to consumers who do not qualify for financing from the traditional retailer through kiosks located within such retailer's locations, including staffed options, un-manned or virtual options, or a combination of the two (the hybrid model). Those kiosks can be staffed by an Preferred Lease employee (staffed locations) or employ a virtual solution where customers, either directly or with the assistance of a representative of the third-party retailer, initiate the lease-to-own transaction online in the retailers' locations using our virtual solutions (virtual locations). At December 31, 2019, we operated 998 Preferred Lease staffed locations.
Our Mexico segment consists of our company-owned lease-to-own stores in Mexico that lease household durable goods to customers on a lease-to-own basis. At December 31, 2019, we operated 123 stores in Mexico.
Rent-A-Center Franchising International, Inc., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Rent-A-Center, is a franchisor of lease-to-own stores. At December 31, 2019, Franchising had 372 franchised stores operating in 33 states. Our Franchising segment's primary source of revenue is the sale of rental merchandise to its franchisees, who in turn offer the merchandise to the general public for rent or purchase under a lease-to-own transaction. The balance of our Franchising segment's revenue is generated primarily from royalties based on franchisees' monthly gross revenues.
Rental Merchandise
Rental merchandise is carried at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation for merchandise is generally provided using the income forecasting method, which is intended to match as closely as practicable the recognition of depreciation expense with the consumption of the rental merchandise, and assumes no salvage value. The consumption of rental merchandise occurs during periods of rental and directly coincides with the receipt of rental revenue over the rental purchase agreement period. Under the income forecasting method, merchandise held for rent is not depreciated and merchandise on rent is depreciated in the proportion of rents received to total rents provided in the rental contract, which is an activity-based method similar to the units of production method. We depreciate merchandise (including computers and tablets) that is held for rent for at least 180 consecutive days using the straight-line method over a period generally not to exceed 18 months. Beginning in 2016, smartphones are depreciated over an 18-month straight-line basis beginning with the earlier of on rent or 90 consecutive days on held for rent.
Rental merchandise which is damaged and inoperable is expensed when such impairment occurs. If a customer does not return the merchandise or make payment, the remaining book value of the rental merchandise associated with delinquent accounts is generally charged off on or before the 90th day following the time the account became past due in the Rent-A-Center Business and Mexico segments, and during the month following the 150th day in the Preferred Lease segment. We maintain a reserve for these expected expenses. In addition, any minor repairs made to rental merchandise are expensed at the time of the repair.
Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents include all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less. We maintain cash and cash equivalents at several financial institutions, which at times may not be federally insured or may exceed federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts and believe we are not exposed to any significant credit risks on such accounts.
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Revenues
Merchandise is rented to customers pursuant to rental purchase agreements which provide for weekly, semi-monthly or monthly rental terms with non-refundable rental payments. Generally, the customer has the right to acquire title either through a purchase option or through payment of all required rentals. Rental revenue and fees are recognized over the rental term and merchandise sales revenue is recognized when the customer exercises the purchase option and pays the cash price due. Cash received prior to the period in which it should be recognized is deferred and recognized according to the rental term. Revenue is accrued for uncollected amounts due based on historical collection experience. However, the total amount of the rental purchase agreement is not accrued because the customer can terminate the rental agreement at any time and we cannot enforce collection for non-payment of future rents.
Revenues from the sale of merchandise in our retail installment stores are recognized when the installment note is signed, the customer has taken possession of the merchandise and collectability is reasonably assured.
Revenues from the sale of rental merchandise are recognized upon shipment of the merchandise to the franchisee. Franchise royalty income and fee revenue is recognized upon completion of substantially all services and satisfaction of all material conditions required under the terms of the franchise agreement. Initial franchise fees charged to franchisees for new or converted franchise stores are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the franchise agreement.
Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The installment notes receivable associated with the sale of merchandise at our Get It Now and Home Choice stores generally consists of the sales price of the merchandise purchased and any additional fees for services the customer has chosen, less the customer’s down payment. No interest is accrued and interest income is recognized each time a customer makes a payment, generally on a monthly basis.
We have established an allowance for doubtful accounts for our installment notes receivable. Our policy for determining the allowance is based on historical loss experience, as well as the results of management’s review and analysis of the payment and collection of the installment notes receivable within the previous year. We believe our allowance is adequate to absorb any known or probable losses. Our policy is to charge off installment notes receivable that are 120 days or more past due. Charge-offs are applied as a reduction to the allowance for doubtful accounts and any recoveries of previously charged off balances are applied as an increase to the allowance for doubtful accounts.
Our trade and notes receivables consist primarily of amounts due from our rental customers for renewal and uncollected rental payments; Franchising receivables; and other corporate related receivables. We maintain allowances against our rental customer receivable balances, primarily related to expected merchandise returns and uncollectible payments due from our virtual rental customers. The majority of our Franchising trade and notes receivables relate to amounts due from franchisees for inventory purchases, earned royalties and other obligations. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of a franchisee’s financial condition and collateral is generally not required. Trade receivables are generally due within 30 days and are reported as amounts due from franchisees, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts that are outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms are considered past due. Franchising determines its allowance by considering a number of factors, including the length of time receivables are past due, previous loss history, the franchisee’s current ability to pay its obligation, and the condition of the general economy and the industry as a whole. Franchising writes off trade receivables that are 90 or more days past due and payments subsequently received on such receivables are credited to the allowance for doubtful accounts.
Property Assets and Related Depreciation
Furniture, equipment and vehicles are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets (generally 5 years) by the straight-line method. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the useful life of the asset or the initial term of the applicable leases by the straight-line method, whichever is shorter.
We have incurred costs to develop computer software for internal use. We capitalize the costs incurred during the application development stage, which includes designing the software configuration and interfaces, coding, installation, and testing. Costs incurred during the preliminary stages along with post-implementation stages of internally developed software are expensed as incurred. Internally developed software costs, once placed in service, are amortized over various periods up to 10 years.
We incur repair and maintenance expenses on our vehicles and equipment. These amounts are recognized when incurred, unless such repairs significantly extend the life of the asset, in which case we amortize the cost of the repairs for the remaining useful life of the asset utilizing the straight-line method.
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
We record goodwill when the consideration paid for an acquisition exceeds the fair value of the identifiable net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not subject to amortization but must be periodically evaluated for impairment. Impairment occurs when the carrying value of goodwill is not recoverable from future cash flows. We perform an assessment of goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level annually as of October 1, or when events or circumstances indicate that impairment may have occurred.
Our reporting units are our reportable operating segments. Factors which could necessitate an interim impairment assessment include a sustained decline in our stock price, prolonged negative industry or economic trends and significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results.
We determine the fair value of each reporting unit using methodologies which include the present value of estimated future cash flows and comparisons of multiples of enterprise values to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. The analysis is based upon available information regarding expected future cash flows and discount rates. Discount rates are based upon our cost of capital. We use a two-step approach to assess goodwill impairment. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, then the goodwill is not deemed impaired. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds fair value, we perform a second analysis to measure the fair value of all assets and liabilities within the reporting unit, and if the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, goodwill is considered impaired. The amount of the impairment is the difference between the carrying value of goodwill and the implied fair value, which is calculated as if the reporting unit had been acquired and accounted for as a business combination. As an alternative to this annual impairment testing, we may perform a qualitative assessment for impairment if it believes it is not more likely than not that the carrying value of a reporting unit's net assets exceeds the reporting unit's fair value. At December 31, 2019, the amount of goodwill attributable to the Rent-A-Center Business and Preferred Lease segments was approximately $1.5 million and $68.7 million, respectively. We currently do not have goodwill balances attributable to our Mexico or Franchising segment.
Acquired customer relationships are amortized over a 21-month period, non-compete agreements are amortized over the contractual life of the agreements, vendor relationships are amortized over a 7 or 15 year period, and other intangible assets are amortized over the life of the asset. Intangible assets are amortized using methods that we believe reflect the pattern in which the economic benefits of the related asset are consumed, including using a straight-line method.
Accounting for Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
We evaluate all long-lived assets, including intangible assets, excluding goodwill, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Impairment is recognized when the carrying amounts of such assets cannot be recovered by the undiscounted net cash flows they will generate.
Self-Insurance Liabilities
We have self-insured retentions with respect to losses under our workers' compensation, general liability, vehicle liability and health insurance programs. We establish reserves for our liabilities associated with these losses by obtaining forecasts for the ultimate expected losses and estimating amounts needed to pay losses within our self-insured retentions. We make assumptions on our liabilities within our self-insured retentions using actuarial loss forecasts, company-specific development factors, general industry loss development factors, and third-party claim administrator loss estimates which are based on known facts surrounding individual claims. These assumptions incorporate expected increases in health care costs. Periodically, we reevaluate our estimate of liability within our self-insured retentions. At that time, we evaluate the adequacy of our reserves by comparing amounts reserved on our balance sheet for anticipated losses to our updated actuarial loss forecasts and third-party claim administrator loss estimates, and make adjustments to our reserves as needed.
Foreign Currency Translation
The functional currency of our foreign operations is the applicable local currency. Assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollars at the current rate of exchange on the last day of the reporting period. Revenues and expenses are generally translated at a daily exchange rate and equity transactions are translated using the actual rate on the day of the transaction.
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Other comprehensive income (loss) is comprised exclusively of our foreign currency translation adjustment.
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Income Taxes
We record deferred taxes for temporary differences between the tax and financial reporting bases of assets and liabilities at the enacted tax rate expected to be in effect when those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Income tax accounting requires management to make estimates and apply judgments to events that will be recognized in one period under rules that apply to financial reporting in a different period in our tax returns. In particular, judgment is required when estimating the value of future tax deductions, tax credits and net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs), as represented by deferred tax assets. We evaluate the recoverability of these future tax deductions and credits by assessing the future expected taxable income from all sources, including reversal of taxable temporary differences, forecasted operating earnings and available tax planning strategies. These sources of income rely heavily on estimates. We use our historical experience and our short- and long-range business forecasts to provide insight and assist us in determining recoverability. When it is determined the recovery of all or a portion of a deferred tax asset is not likely, a valuation allowance is established. We include NOLs in the calculation of deferred tax assets. NOLs are utilized to the extent allowable due to the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and relevant state statutes.
We recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon the ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. A number of years may elapse before a particular matter, for which we have recorded a liability, is audited and effectively settled. We review our tax positions quarterly and adjust our liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the period in which we determine the issue is effectively settled with the tax authorities, the statute of limitations expires for the relevant taxing authority to examine the tax position, or when more information becomes available. We classify accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as interest expense and general & administrative expense, respectively.
Sales Taxes
We apply the net basis for sales taxes imposed on our goods and services in our consolidated statements of operations. We are required by the applicable governmental authorities to collect and remit sales taxes. Accordingly, such amounts are charged to the customer, collected and remitted directly to the appropriate jurisdictional entity.
Earnings Per Common Share
Basic earnings per common share are based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period presented. Diluted earnings per common share are based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, plus, if dilutive, the assumed exercise of stock options and vesting of stock awards at the beginning of the year, or for the period outstanding during the year for current year issuances.
Advertising Costs
Costs incurred for producing and communicating advertising are expensed when incurred. Advertising expense was $58.8 million, $74.6 million and $86.1 million, for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Advertising expense is net of vendor allowances of $21.2 million, $17.1 million, and $14.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Stock-Based Compensation
We maintain long-term incentive plans for the benefit of certain employees and directors, which are described more fully in Note N. We recognize share-based payment awards to our employees and directors at the estimated fair value on the grant date. Determining the fair value of any share-based award requires information about several variables that include, but are not limited to, expected stock volatility over the term of the award, expected dividend yields, and the risk free interest rate. We base the expected term on historical exercise and post-vesting employment-termination experience, and expected volatility on historical realized volatility trends. In addition, all stock-based compensation expense is recorded net of an estimated forfeiture rate. The forfeiture rate is based upon historical activity and is analyzed at least annually as actual forfeitures occur. Compensation costs are recognized net of estimated forfeitures over the requisite service period on a straight-line basis. We issue new shares to settle stock awards. Stock options are valued using a Black-Scholes pricing model. Time-vesting restricted stock units are valued using the closing price on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on the day before the grant date, adjusted for any provisions affecting fair value, such as the lack of dividends or dividend equivalents during the vesting period. Performance-based restricted stock units will vest in accordance with a total shareholder return formula, and are valued by a third-party valuation firm using Monte Carlo simulations.
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Stock-based compensation expense is reported within general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications may be made to the reported amounts for prior periods to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications have no impact on net earnings or earnings per share in any period.
Use of Estimates
In preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent losses and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. In applying accounting principles, we must often make individual estimates and assumptions regarding expected outcomes or uncertainties. Our estimates, judgments and assumptions are continually evaluated based on available information and experience. Because of the use of estimates inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates.
Newly Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), which clarifies existing accounting literature relating to how and when a company recognizes revenue. We adopted ASU 2014-09 and all related amendments beginning January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective adoption method. We recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods.
Under ASC 606, initial franchise fees charged to franchisees for new stores are recognized over the term of the franchise agreement, rather than when they are paid by the franchisee, upon the opening of a new location. Furthermore, franchise advertising fees are presented on a gross basis, as revenue, in the consolidated statement of operations, rather than net of operating expenses in the consolidated statement of operations. Impacts resulting from adoption were not material to the consolidated statement of operations. See additional descriptions of our revenues in Note B.
The cumulative effect of the changes made to our consolidated balance sheet for the adoption of ASC 606 was a reduction to accrued liabilities of $1.7 million, an increase to deferred tax liability of $0.4 million, and an offsetting $1.3 million increase to 2018 opening retained earnings.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which replaces existing accounting literature relating to the classification of, and accounting for, leases. Under ASU 2016-02, a company must recognize for all leases (with the exception of leases with terms of 12 months or less) a liability representing a lessee's obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, and a right-of-use asset representing the lessee's right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Lessor accounting is largely unchanged, with certain improvements to align lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Adoption of ASU 2016-02 requires the use of a modified retrospective transition method to measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented in the consolidated financial statements. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, allowing companies to apply a transition method for adoption of the new standard as of the adoption date, with recognition of any cumulative-effects as adjustments to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. We adopted these ASUs beginning January 1, 2019 and elected the transition method under ASU 2018-11.
Our lease-to-own agreements, which comprise the majority of our annual revenue, fall within the scope of ASU 2016-02 under lessor accounting; however, the new standard does not significantly affect the timing of recognition or presentation of revenue for our rental contracts.
As a lessee, the new standard affected a substantial portion of our lease contracts. As of December 31, 2019, we have $281.6 million operating lease right-of-use assets and $285.0 million operating lease liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Upon adoption, we identified impairment losses related to closure of our product service centers and Rent-A-Center Business stores resulting in a cumulative-effect decrease of $2.0 million, net of tax, to our January 1, 2019 retained earnings balance. There were no significant effects to our condensed consolidated statements of operations or condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.
We elected a package of optional practical expedients in our adoption of the new standard, including the option to retain the current classification for leases entered into prior to the date of adoption; the option not to reassess initial direct costs for capitalization for leases entered into prior to the date of adoption; and the option not to separate lease and non-lease components for our lease-to-own agreements as a lessor, and our real estate, and certain categories of equipment leases, as a lessee.
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In conjunction with the adoption of the new lease accounting standard, we implemented a new back-office lease administration and accounting system to support the new accounting and disclosure requirements as a lessee. In addition, we implemented changes to our previous accounting policies, processes, and internal controls to ensure compliance with the new standard.
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, which allows a company to reclassify to retained earnings the disproportionate income tax effects of the Tax Act on items with accumulated other comprehensive income that the FASB refers to as having been stranded in accumulated other comprehensive income. The adoption of ASU 2018-02 was required for us beginning January 1, 2019. We elected not to exercise the option to reclassify stranded tax effects within accumulated other comprehensive income in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Act (or portion thereof) is recorded.
Note B - Revenues
The following tables disaggregates our revenue:
Rental-Purchase Agreements
Rent-A-Center Business, Preferred Lease, and Mexico
Rentals and Fees. Rental merchandise is leased to customers pursuant to rental purchase agreements which provide for weekly, semi-monthly or monthly rental terms with non-refundable rental payments. At the expiration of each rental term customers renew the rental agreement for the next rental term. Generally, the customer has the right to acquire title of the merchandise either through
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
a purchase option or through payment of all required rental terms. Customers can terminate the agreement at the end of any rental term without penalty. Therefore, rental transactions are accounted for as operating leases.
Rental payments received at our Rent-A-Center Business, Preferred Lease (excluding virtual) and Mexico locations must be prepaid and revenue is recognized over the rental term. Under the virtual business model, revenues are earned prior to the rental payment due date. Therefore, revenue is accrued prior to receipt of the rental payment, net of estimated returns and uncollectible renewal payments. See Note C for additional information regarding accrued rental revenue and the related allowances for returns and uncollectible payments.
Cash received for rental payments, including fees, prior to the period in which it should be recognized is deferred and recognized according to the rental term. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had $39.9 million and $42.1 million, respectively, in deferred revenue included in accrued liabilities related to our rental purchase agreements. Revenue related to various payment, reinstatement or late fees is recognized when paid by the customer at the point service is provided. Rental merchandise is depreciated using the income forecasting method and is recognized in cost of sales over the rental term.
We also offer additional product plans along with our rental agreements which provide customers with liability protection against significant damage or loss of a product, and club membership benefits, including various discount programs and product service and replacement benefits in the event merchandise is damaged or lost. Customers renew product plans in conjunction with their rental term renewals, and can cancel the plans at any time. Revenue for product plans is recognized over the term of the plan. Costs incurred related to product plans are primarily recognized in cost of sales.
Revenue from contracts with customers
Rent-A-Center Business, Preferred Lease, and Mexico
Merchandise Sales. Merchandise sales include payments received for the exercise of the early purchase option offered through our rental purchase agreements or merchandise sold through point of sale transactions. Revenue for merchandise sales is recognized when payment is received and ownership of the merchandise passes to the customer. The remaining net value of merchandise sold is recorded to cost of sales at the time of the transaction.
Installment Sales. Revenue from the sale of merchandise in our retail installment stores is recognized when the installment note is signed and control of the merchandise has passed to the customer. The cost of merchandise sold through installment agreements is recognized in cost of sales at the time of the transaction. We offer extended service plans with our installment agreements which are administered by third parties and provide customers with product service maintenance beyond the term of the installment agreement. Payments received for extended service plans are deferred and recognized, net of related costs, when the installment payment plan is complete and the service plan goes into effect. Customers can cancel extended service plans at any time during the installment agreement and receive a refund for payments previously made towards the plan. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had $2.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively, in deferred revenue included in accrued liabilities related to extended service plans.
Other. Other revenue primarily consisted of external maintenance and repair services provided by the Company’s service department, in addition to other miscellaneous product plans offered to our rental and installment customers. We completed the shutdown of our service department operations early in the first quarter of 2019. Revenue for other product plans is recognized in accordance with the terms of the applicable plan agreement.
Franchising
Merchandise Sales. Revenue from the sale of rental merchandise is recognized upon shipment of the merchandise to the franchisee.
Royalty Income and Fees. Franchise royalties, including franchisee contributions to corporate advertising funds, represent sales-based royalties calculated as a percentage of gross rental payments and sales. Royalty revenue is recognized as rental payments and sales occur. Franchise fees are initial fees charged to franchisees for new or converted franchise stores. Franchise fee revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the franchise agreement. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had $4.5 million and $4.1 million, respectively, in deferred revenue included in accrued liabilities related to franchise fees.
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Note C - Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Installment sales receivables consist primarily of receivables due from customers for the sale of merchandise in our retail installment stores. Trade and notes receivables consist primarily of amounts due from our rental customers for renewal and uncollected rental payments; amounts owed from our franchisees for inventory purchases, earned royalties and other obligations; and other corporate related receivables.
Receivables consist of the following:
We maintain allowances against our receivable balances, primarily related to expected merchandise returns and uncollectible payments due from our virtual rental and installment customers. The allowance for doubtful accounts related to trade and notes receivable was $1.5 million and $1.3 million, and the allowance for doubtful accounts related to installment sales receivable was $4.1 million and $3.6 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Changes in our allowance for doubtful accounts are as follows:
(1) Uncollectible installment payments, franchisee obligations, and other corporate receivables, are recognized in other store operating expenses in our condensed consolidated financial statements.
(2) Uncollectible rental payments and returns are recognized as a reduction to rental revenue in our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Note D - Rental Merchandise
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Note E - Property Assets
We had $3.8 million and $1.9 million of capitalized software costs included in construction in progress at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, we placed in service internally developed software of approximately $6.0 million, $9.7 million and $32.1 million, respectively.
On December 27, 2019, we completed the sale of our corporate headquarters for proceeds of $43.2 million, and entered into a lease agreement for a reduced portion, approximately 60%, of the total square footage of the building. Assets written-off in connection with this transaction included building assets of $14.0 million, including furniture and equipment, and land of $6.7 million. We recorded a total gain on sale of approximately $21.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2019. The gain was recorded to Other (gains) and charges in our Consolidated Statement of Operations. The lease includes an initial term of 12 years, with two five year renewal option periods at our discretion. In accordance with ASC 842, we recorded operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities of $19.0 million for this lease in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.
Note F - Leases
We lease space for all of our Rent-A-Center Business and Mexico stores under operating leases expiring at various times through 2026. In addition we lease space for certain support facilities under operating leases expiring at various times through 2032. Most of our store leases are five year leases and contain renewal options for additional periods ranging from three to five years at rental rates adjusted according to agreed-upon formulas. We evaluate all leases to determine if it is likely that we will exercise future renewal options and in most cases we are not reasonably certain of exercise due to competing market rental rates and lack of significant penalty or business disruption incurred by not exercising the renewal options. In certain store sales, we enter into lease assignment agreements with the buyer, but remain as the primary obligor under the original lease for the remaining active term. These assignments are therefore classified as subleases and the original lease is included in our operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.
We lease vehicles for all of our Rent-A-Center Business stores under operating leases with lease terms expiring twelve months after the start date of the lease. We classify these leases as short-term and have elected the short-term lease exemption for our vehicle leases, and have therefore excluded them from our operating lease right-of-use assets within our condensed consolidated balance sheet. We also lease vehicles for all of our Mexico stores which have terms expiring at various times through 2022 with rental rates adjusted periodically for inflation. Finally, we have a minimal number of equipment leases, primarily related to temporary storage and certain back office technology hardware assets.
For all of the leases described above, we have elected to use the practical expedient not to separate the lease and non-lease components and account for these as a single component. We have also elected the practical expedients that remove the requirement to reassess whether expired or existing contracts contain leases and the requirement to reassess the lease classification for any existing leases prior to the adoption date.
Operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities are discounted using our incremental borrowing rate, since the implicit rate is not readily determinable. We do not currently have any financing leases.
Operating lease costs are recorded on a straight-line basis within other store expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Total operating lease costs by expense type:
(1) Includes short-term lease costs, which are not significant.
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases:
Weighted-average discount rate and weighted-average remaining lease term:
(1) January 1, 2019 incremental borrowing rate was used for leases in existence at the time of adoption of ASU 2016-02.
Reconciliation of undiscounted operating lease liabilities to the present value operating lease liabilities at December 31, 2019:
In accordance with ASC 840, future minimum rental payments for operating leases with remaining lease terms in excess of one year, at December 31, 2018:
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Note G - Intangible Assets and Acquisitions
Goodwill Impairment Charge
In the fourth quarter of 2019, we completed a qualitative assessment for impairment of goodwill as of October 1, 2019, concluding it was not more likely than not that the carrying value of our reporting unit's net assets exceeded the reporting unit's fair value and therefore no impairment of goodwill existed as of December 31, 2019.
Intangible Assets
Amortizable intangible assets consist of the following:
Aggregate amortization expense (in thousands):
(1) Includes impairment charge of $3.9 million to our intangible assets, related to a vendor relationship in the Preferred Lease segment, recorded to Other (gains) and charges in our consolidated statement of operations during the first quarter of 2017.
Estimated amortization expense, assuming current intangible balances and no new acquisitions, for each of the years ending December 31, is as follows:
At December 31, 2019, the amount of goodwill attributable to the Rent-A-Center Business and Preferred Lease segments was approximately $1.5 million and $68.7 million, respectively. At December 31, 2018, the amount of goodwill allocated to the Rent-A-Center Business and Preferred Lease segment was approximately $1.5 million and $55.3 million, respectively.
A summary of the changes in recorded goodwill follows:
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Acquisitions
On August 13, 2019, we completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of C/C Financial Corp. dba Merchants Preferred ("Merchants Preferred"), a nationwide provider of virtual lease-to-own services. The aggregate purchase price was approximately $46.4 million, including net cash consideration of approximately $28.0 million, and 701,918 shares of our common stock valued at $27.31 per share, as of the date of closing, less working capital adjustments of approximately $0.9 million.
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition have been recorded at their fair values. The following table provides the final estimated fair values of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:
The fair value measurements were primarily based on significant unobservable inputs (level 3) developed using company-specific information. Certain fair value estimates were determined based on an independent valuation of the net assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, relating to dealer relationships, of $8.9 million, and software of $4.3 million. The fair value for dealer relationships and software were estimated using common industry valuation methods for similar asset types, based primarily on cost inputs and projected cash flows. The dealer relationships and software assets were both assigned remaining lives of 10 years.
In addition, we recorded goodwill of $13.4 million, which consists of the excess of the net purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.
A change in these valuations may also impact the income tax related accounts and goodwill. Merchants Preferred results of operations are reflected in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations from the date of acquisition.
In connection with this acquisition, we recorded approximately $1.4 million in acquisition-related expenses during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 including expenses related to legal, professional, and banking transaction fees. These costs were included in other (gains) and charges in our consolidated statement of operations.
The following table provides information concerning the other acquisitions, excluding Merchants Preferred, made during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Purchase prices are determined by evaluating the average monthly rental income of the acquired stores and applying a multiple to the total for lease-to-own store acquisitions. Operating results of the acquired stores and accounts have been included in the financial statements since their date of acquisition.
The weighted average amortization period was approximately 54 months for intangible assets added during the year ended December 31, 2019. Additions to goodwill due to acquisitions in 2019 were tax deductible.
Note H - Accrued Liabilities
Note I - Income Taxes
On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“Tax Act”) was enacted which, among other things, reduced the U.S. federal income tax rate from 35% to 21% in 2018, instituted a dividends received deduction for foreign earnings with a related tax for the deemed repatriation of unremitted foreign earnings in 2017, and created a new U.S. minimum tax on earnings of foreign subsidiaries. The Tax Act also allowed for 100% bonus depreciation for assets purchased after September 27, 2017, until December 31, 2023. We recognized an income tax benefit of $76.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2017, associated with the revaluation of the net deferred tax liability at the date of enactment. Our provisional estimate of the one-time transition tax resulted in $0.7 million of additional tax expense. We also recorded a federal provisional benefit of $9.7 million based on our intent to fully expense all qualifying expenditures. In 2018, we finalized our analysis over the one-year measurement period that ended on December 22, 2018, in accordance with SAB 118, resulting in an immaterial income tax benefit recorded in our consolidated statement of operations.
For financial statement purposes, income (loss) before income taxes by source was comprised of the following:
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
A reconciliation of the federal statutory rate of 21% for 2019 and 2018 and 35% for 2017 to actual follows:
The components of income tax expense (benefit) are as follows:
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Deferred tax assets (liabilities) consist of the following:
At December 31, 2019, we have net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $360.0 million for state and $53.0 million for foreign jurisdictions, partially offset by valuation allowance. We also had federal, state and foreign tax credit carryforwards of approximately $15.9 million of which a portion has been offset by a valuation allowance. The net operating losses and credits will expire in various years between 2020 and 2039.
We file income tax returns in the U.S. and multiple foreign jurisdictions with varying statutes of limitations. In the normal course of business, we are subject to examination by various taxing authorities. We are currently under examination by certain Federal and state revenue authorities for the fiscal years 2013 through 2017. The following is a summary of all tax years that are open to examination.
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U.S. Federal - 2013 and forward
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U.S. States - 2013 and forward
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Foreign - 2013 and forward
We do not anticipate that adjustments as a result of these audits, if any, will have a material impact to our consolidated statement of operations, financial condition, and statement of cash flows or earnings per share.
As of each reporting date, the Company’s management considers new evidence, both positive and negative, that could impact management’s view with regard to future realization of deferred tax assets. In 2019, we increased the valuation allowance against net operating losses and credits in multiple state jurisdictions. The valuation allowance related to foreign deferred tax assets was decreased due to utilization of losses in the current year. However, management believes certain foreign losses and deferred tax assets will not be realized and has recorded a valuation allowance related to these assets.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits follows:
Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2019, is $5.0 million, net of federal benefit, which, if ultimately recognized, will affect our annual effective tax rate.
During the next twelve months, we anticipate that it is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits could be reduced by approximately $18.7 million either because our tax position will be sustained upon audit or as a result of the expiration of the statute of limitations for specific jurisdictions.
As of December 31, 2019, we have accrued approximately $3.1 million for the payment of interest for uncertain tax positions and recorded interest expense of approximately $346 thousand for the year then ended, which are excluded from the reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits presented above. These amounts are net of the reversal of interest expense due to settlement of certain tax positions.
The effect of the tax rate change for items originally recognized in other comprehensive income was properly recorded in tax expense from continuing operations. This results in stranded tax effects in accumulated other comprehensive income at December 31, 2019. Companies can make a policy election to reclassify from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings the stranded tax effects directly arising from the change in the federal corporate tax rate. We did not exercise the option to reclassify stranded tax effects within accumulated other comprehensive income in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Act (or portion thereof) is recorded.
Note J- Senior Debt
On August 5, 2019, we entered into a new Term Loan Credit Agreement (the “Term Loan Credit Agreement”) providing for a seven-year $200 million senior secured term loan facility and an Asset Based Loan Credit Agreement (the “ABL Credit Agreement”) providing a five-year asset-based revolving credit facility (the “ABL Credit Facility”) with commitments of $300 million, the proceeds of which were used for the redemption of all of our outstanding senior notes. The amounts outstanding under the Term Loan Credit Agreement and ABL Credit Facility were $199.5 million and $40.0 million at December 31, 2019, respectively.
Proceeds from the Term Loan Credit Agreement were net of original issue discount of $2.0 million upon issuance from the lenders. In addition, in connection with the closing of the Term Loan Credit Agreement and the ABL Credit Agreement, we incurred approximately $6.3 million in debt issuance costs. The original issue discount and debt issuance costs will be amortized over the remaining terms of the respective credit agreements. As of December 31, 2019, the total unamortized balance of debt issuance costs relating to our senior debt and original issue discount reported in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet were $6.7 million and $1.9 million, respectively.
We also utilize the ABL Credit Facility for the issuance of letters of credit. As of December 31, 2019, we have issued letters of credit in the aggregate amount of $92 million.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The debt facilities as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:
(1) At December 31, 2018 there was $2.6 million in unamortized debt issuance costs included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
Term Loan Credit Agreement
The Term Loan Credit Agreement, which matures on August 5, 2026, amortizes in equal quarterly installments at a rate of 1.00% per annum of the original principal amount thereof, with the remaining balance due at final maturity. Interest on the Term Loan Credit Agreement will accrue at the Eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin equal to 4.50%. The margin on the Term Loan Credit Agreement was 6.25% at December 31, 2019.
The Term Loan Credit Agreement permits the Company to prepay the term loans, in whole or in part, without penalty on or after the six-month anniversary of the Closing Date. It also permits the Company to incur incremental term loans in an aggregate amount equal to $150 million plus the amount of voluntary prepayments of the term loans and an unlimited amount subject to a pro forma consolidated senior secured leverage ratio of not greater than 2.00 to 1.00, subject to certain other conditions.
The obligations under the Term Loan Credit Agreement are guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries. The Term Loan Credit Agreement and the guarantees are secured on a first-priority basis by substantially all of the tangible and intangible assets of the Company and the guarantors, other than collateral subject to a first-priority lien under the ABL Credit Agreement, consisting of, among other things, accounts receivable, inventory and bank accounts (and funds on deposit therein), in which the Term Loan Credit Agreement and the guarantees have a second-priority security interest, in each case, subject to certain exceptions.
The Term Loan Credit Agreement contains covenants that are usual and customary for facilities and transactions of this type and that, among other things, restrict the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to:
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create certain liens and enter into certain sale and lease-back transactions, excluding the sale and lease-back of the Company headquarters;
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create, assume, incur or guarantee certain indebtedness;
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consolidate or merge with, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of the Company’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ assets, to another person
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pay dividends or make other distributions on, or repurchase or redeem, the Company’s capital stock or certain other debt; and
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make other restricted payments.
These covenants are subject to a number of limitations and exceptions set forth in the Term Loan Credit Agreement. We are currently permitted to pay dividends and repurchase the Company's common stock without limitation.
The Term Loan Credit Agreement provides for customary events of default, including, but not limited to, failure to pay principal and interest, failure to comply with covenants, agreements or conditions, and certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency involving the Company and its significant subsidiaries.
ABL Credit Agreement
The ABL Credit Facility will mature on August 5, 2024. The Borrowers (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement) may borrow only up to the lesser of the level of the then-current Borrowing Base and the committed maximum borrowing capacity of $300
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million. The Borrowing Base is tied to the Eligible Installment Sales Accounts, Inventory and Eligible Rental Contracts, reduced by Reserves, as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement. We provide to the Agent information necessary to calculate the Borrowing Base within 30 days of the end of each calendar month, unless liquidity is less than 15% of the maximum borrowing capacity of the ABL Credit Agreement or $45 million, in which case we must provide weekly information.
Interest is payable on the ABL Credit Facility at a fluctuating rate of interest determined by reference to the Eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin of 1.50% to 2.00%. The margin on the ABL Credit Facility was 3.25% at December 31, 2019. A commitment fee equal to 0.250% to 0.375% of the unused portion of the ABL Credit Facility fluctuates dependent upon average utilization for the prior month as defined by a pricing grid included in the ABL Credit Agreement. The commitment fee at December 31, 2019 was 0.375%. We paid $0.5 million of commitment fees during the fourth quarter of 2019.
Letters of credit are limited to the lesser of (x) $150 million, subject to certain limitations, and (y) the aggregate unused availability then in effect.
Subject to certain conditions, the ABL Credit Facility may be expanded by up to $100 million in additional commitments, subject to a pro forma fixed charge coverage ratio being greater than 1.10 to 1.00.
The obligations under the ABL Credit Agreement are guaranteed by the Company and certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. The ABL Credit Agreement and the guarantees are secured on a first-priority basis on all our and the guarantors’ accounts receivable, inventory and bank accounts (and funds on deposit therein) and a second-priority basis on all of the tangible and intangible assets (second in priority to the liens securing the Term Loan Credit Agreement) of such persons, in each case, subject to certain exceptions.
The ABL Credit Agreement contains covenants that are usual and customary for facilities and transactions of this type and are substantially the same as covenants in the Term Loan Credit Agreement. The ABL Credit Facility also requires the maintenance of a Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement) of 1.10 to 1.00 at the end of each fiscal quarter when either (i) certain specified events of default have occurred and are continuing or (ii) availability is less than or equal to the greater of $33.75 million and 15% of the line cap then in effect.
The ABL Credit Agreement provides for customary events of default that are substantially the same as events of default in the Term Loan Credit Agreement.
The table below shows the scheduled maturity dates of our outstanding debt at December 31, 2019 for each of the years ending December 31:
Note K - Senior Notes
On November 2, 2010, we issued $300 million in senior unsecured notes due November 2020, bearing interest at 6.625%, and on May 2, 2013, we issued $250 million in senior unsecured notes due May 2021, bearing interest at 4.75%. The 6.625% and 4.75% senior notes were redeemed effective August 5, 2019, at a price equal to 100% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. As of December 31, 2018, we had $540.0 million in senior notes outstanding, net of unamortized issuance costs.
In connection with redeeming the senior unsecured notes, we recorded a write-down of previously unamortized debt issuance costs of approximately $2.0 million in the third quarter of 2019.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Note L - Contingencies
From time to time, the Company, along with our subsidiaries, is party to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. We reserve for loss contingencies that are both probable and reasonably estimable. We regularly monitor developments related to these legal proceedings, and review the adequacy of our legal reserves on a quarterly basis. We do not expect these losses to have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements if and when such losses are incurred.
We are subject to unclaimed property audits by states in the ordinary course of business. The property subject to review in the audit process include unclaimed wages, vendor payments and customer refunds. State escheat laws generally require entities to report and remit abandoned and unclaimed property to the state. Failure to timely report and remit the property can result in assessments that could include interest and penalties, in addition to the payment of the escheat liability itself. We routinely remit escheat payments to states in compliance with applicable escheat laws.
Blair v. Rent-A-Center, Inc. This matter was a state-wide class action complaint originally filed on March 13, 2017 in the Federal District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint alleged various claims, including that our cash sales and total rent to own prices exceeded the pricing permitted under California's Karnette Rental-Purchase Act. Following a court-ordered mediation on March 28, 2019, we reached an agreement in principle to settle this matter for a total of $13 million, including attorneys’ fees. The settlement was approved by the court in October 2019. We have denied any liability in the settlement and agreed to the settlement in order to avoid additional expensive, time-consuming litigation. We recorded the pre-tax charge for this settlement in the first quarter of 2019, and the settlement amount was paid in November 2019.
Velma Russell v. Acceptance Now. This purported class action arising out of calls made by Acceptance Now to customers’ reference (s) was filed on January 29, 2019 in Massachusetts state court. Specifically, plaintiffs sought to certify a class representing any references of customers (within the state of Massachusetts) during the 4 years prior to the filing date that were contacted by Acceptance Now more frequently during a 12 month period than is permitted by Massachusetts state law. The plaintiffs were seeking injunctive relief and statutory damages of $25 per reference which may be tripled to $75 per reference. References are not parties to our consumer arbitration agreement. We operate 12 Acceptance Now locations in Massachusetts. Mediation took place in September 2019. We reached an agreement in principle in December 2019 to settle this matter. The settlement amount is immaterial and was recorded in the fourth quarter of 2019.
Federal Trade Commission civil investigative demand. As previously disclosed, in April 2019 Rent-A-Center, Inc. (the “Company”) received a Civil Investigative Demand (“CID”) from the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) seeking information regarding certain transactions involving the purchase and sale of customer lease agreements, and whether such transactions violated the FTC Act. On February 21, 2020, the FTC notified the Company that it had accepted for public comment an Agreement Containing Consent Order ("Agreement"). We expect the Agreement to be finally approved by the FTC following the 30-day public comment period which commenced on February 26, 2020. This Agreement is for settlement purposes only. While not admitting any wrongdoing, the Company chose to settle the CID after many months of legal expenses and cooperating with the FTC investigation, and no fines or penalties were assessed against the Company. The settlement permits us to continue purchasing and selling customer lease agreements so long as such agreements are not contractually interdependent or contingent on a reciprocal transaction, and does not require any material changes to the Company's current business practices.
Note M - Other (Gains) and Charges
Cost Savings Initiatives. During 2018, we began execution of multiple cost savings initiatives, including reductions in overhead and supply chain, resulting in pre-tax charges during 2019 consisting of $4.9 million in lease impairment charges, $2.6 million in severance and other payroll-related costs, $2.3 million in other miscellaneous shutdown and holding costs, and $0.4 million in disposal of fixed assets. Costs incurred during 2018 related to these initiatives included pre-tax charges of $13.1 million in severance and other payroll-related costs, $6.8 million in contract termination fees, $2.3 million in other miscellaneous shutdown costs, $3.4 million in lease obligation costs, $1.9 million in legal and advisory fees, $1.9 million related to the write-down of capitalized software, and $1.0 million in disposal of fixed assets.
Store Consolidation Plan. During 2019, we closed 88 Rent-A-Center Business stores, resulting in pre-tax charges of $3.7 million in lease impairment charges, $2.3 million in other miscellaneous shutdown and holding costs, $0.9 million in disposal of fixed assets, and $0.4 million in severance and other payroll-related costs. During 2018, we closed 138 Rent-A-Center Business stores and 9 locations in Mexico, resulting in pre-tax charges of $11.2 million, consisting of $8.1 million in lease obligation costs, $1.6 million in disposal of fixed assets, $1.3 million in other miscellaneous shutdown costs, and $0.2 million in severance and other payroll-related cost.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Vintage Settlement. On April 22, 2019, we agreed to settle (the "Vintage Settlement") all litigation with Vintage Rodeo Parent, LLC, Vintage Rodeo Acquisition, Inc., Vintage Capital Management, LLC (collectively, "Vintage Capital") and B. Riley Financial, Inc. ("B. Riley") relating to our termination of the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") among Vintage Rodeo Parent, LLC, Vintage Rodeo Acquisition, Inc. and Rent-A-Center, Inc. In the Vintage Settlement, we received a payment of $92.5 million in cash in May 2019, of which we retained net pre-tax proceeds of approximately $80 million following payment of all remaining costs, fees and expenses relating to the termination (the "Vintage Settlement Proceeds"). The Vintage Settlement was recorded as a pre-tax gain upon receipt.
Merchants Preferred Acquisition. On August 13, 2019, we completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Merchants Preferred, a nationwide virtual lease-to-own provider. In connection with this acquisition, we recorded approximately $1.4 million in acquisition-related expenses during 2019 including expenses related to legal, professional, and banking transaction fees.
Sale/Partial Leaseback of Corporate Headquarters. On December 27, 2019, we completed the sale of our corporate headquarters for proceeds of $43.2 million, and entered into a lease agreement for a reduced portion, approximately 60%, of the total square footage of the building. In connection with the sale, we recorded a total gain of approximately $21.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2019.
Write-down of Capitalized Software. During 2018 and 2017, we discontinued certain IT software projects and as a result incurred pre-tax charges of $1.2 million and $18.2 million, respectively, related to the write-down of capitalized assets and termination of associated license agreements.
Effects of Hurricanes. During the second half of 2018, Hurricane Florence and Michael caused damage in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Florida resulting in pre-tax expenses of approximately $0.6 million for inventory losses, store repair costs, fixed asset write-offs, and employee assistance. During the third quarter of 2017, Hurricanes Harvey, Irma and Maria caused significant damage in the continental United States and surrounding areas, including Texas, Florida, and Puerto Rico, resulting in pre-tax expenses of approximately $4.5 million for inventory losses, store repair costs, fixed asset write-offs, and employee assistance. Approximately $2.1 million of these pre-tax expenses related to Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, while the remaining $2.4 million related to Hurricane Maria.
Preferred Lease (previously Acceptance Now) Store Closures. During the first six months of 2017, we closed 319 Preferred Lease staffed locations and 9 Preferred Lease virtual locations, related to the hhgregg bankruptcy and liquidation plan and the Conn's referral contract termination. These closures resulted in pre-tax charges of $19.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, consisting primarily of rental merchandise losses, disposal of fixed assets, and other miscellaneous labor and shutdown costs. In addition, we recorded a pre-tax impairment charge of $3.9 million to our intangible assets for our discontinued vendor relationship.
Corporate Cost Rationalization. During the first nine months of 2017, we executed a head count reduction that impacted approximately 10% of our field support center workforce. This resulted in pre-tax charges for severance and other payroll-related costs of approximately $3.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Activity with respect to other charges for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019 is summarized in the below table:
(1) Upon adoption of ASU 2016-02, previously accrued lease obligation costs related to discontinued operations were eliminated and are now reflected as an adjustment to our operating lease right-of-use assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.
(2) Asset impairments primarily includes impairments of operating lease right-of-use assets and other property assets related to the closure of Rent-A-Center Business stores and our product service centers for the year ended December 31, 2019. Asset impairments for the year ended December 31, 2018, primarily includes capitalized software write-downs and impairment of property assets related to the closure of Rent-A-Center Business stores.
(3) Other primarily includes $92.5 million in Vintage Settlement proceeds, $21.8 million gain on the sale of our corporate headquarters, and $1.1 million in insurance proceeds related to the 2017 hurricanes, offset by $21.4 million in incremental legal and professional fees related to the termination of the Merger Agreement and the Merchants Preferred acquisition, $13.0 million for the Blair class action settlement (refer to Note L for additional details), $2.4 million in state tax audit assessments, and $0.3 million in other litigation settlements for the year ended December 31, 2019. Other for the year ended December 31, 2018, primarily includes $18.4 million in incremental legal and advisory fees associated with our strategic review and merger related activities, partially offset by a $1.1 million favorable contract termination settlement.
Note N - Stock-Based Compensation
We maintain long-term incentive plans for the benefit of certain employees and directors. Our plans consist of the Rent-A-Center, Inc. 2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2006 Plan”), the Rent-A-Center, Inc. 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Equity Incentive Plan”), and the Rent-A-Center 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the "2016 Plan") which are collectively known as the “Plans.”
On March 9, 2016, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, the Board adopted, subject to stockholder approval, the 2016 Plan and directed that it be submitted for the approval of the stockholders. On June 2, 2016, the stockholders approved the 2016 Plan. The 2016 Plan authorizes the issuance of a total of 6,500,000 shares of common stock. Any shares of common stock granted in connection with an award of stock options or stock appreciation rights will be counted against this limit as one share and any shares of common stock granted in connection with awards of restricted stock, restricted stock units, deferred stock or similar forms of stock awards other than stock options and stock appreciation rights will be counted against this limit as two shares of common stock for every one share of common stock granted in connection with such awards. No shares of common stock will be deemed to have been issued if (1) such shares covered by the unexercised portion of an option that terminates, expires, or is cancelled or settled in cash or (2) such shares are forfeited or subject to awards that are forfeited, canceled, terminated or settled in cash. In any calendar year, (1) no employee will be granted options and/or stock appreciation rights for more than 800,000 shares of common stock; (2) no employee will be granted performance-based equity awards under the 2016 Plan (other than options and stock appreciation rights), covering more than 800,000 shares of common stock; and (3) no employee will be granted performance-based cash awards for more than $5,000,000. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, there were 2,556,180 and 2,625,206 shares, respectively, allocated to equity awards outstanding in the 2016 Plan.
The 2006 Plan authorizes the issuance of 7,000,000 shares of Rent-A-Center’s common stock that may be issued pursuant to awards granted under the 2006 Plan, of which no more than 3,500,000 shares may be issued in the form of restricted stock, deferred stock or similar forms of stock awards which have value without regard to future appreciation in value of or dividends declared on the underlying shares of common stock. In applying these limitations, the following shares will be deemed not to have been issued: (1) shares covered by the unexercised portion of an option that terminates, expires, or is canceled or settled in cash, and
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(2) shares that are forfeited or subject to awards that are forfeited, canceled, terminated or settled in cash. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, there were 450,531 and 1,022,482 shares, respectively, allocated to equity awards outstanding in the 2006 Plan. The 2006 Plan expired in accordance with its terms on March 24, 2016, and all shares remaining available for grant under the 2006 Plan were canceled.
We acquired the Equity Incentive Plan (formerly known as the Rent-Way, Inc. 2006 Equity Incentive Plan) in conjunction with our acquisition of Rent-Way in 2006. There were 2,468,461 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the Equity Incentive Plan. There were 398,551 and 677,074 shares allocated to equity awards outstanding in the Equity Incentive Plan at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Equity Incentive Plan expired in accordance with its terms on January 13, 2016, and all shares remaining available for grant under the Equity Incentive Plan were canceled.
Options granted to our employees generally become exercisable over a period of 1 to 4 years from the date of grant and may be exercised up to a maximum of 10 years from the date of grant. Options granted to directors were immediately exercisable.
We grant restricted stock units to certain employees that vest after a three-year service requirement has been met. We recognize expense for these awards using the straight-line method over the requisite service period based on the number of awards expected to vest. We also grant performance-based restricted stock units that vest between 0% and 200% depending on our stock performance against an index using a total shareholder return formula established at the date of grant for the subsequent three-year period. We record expense for these awards over the requisite service period, net of the expected forfeiture rate, since the employee must maintain employment to vest in the award.
Stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:
We issue new shares of stock to satisfy option exercises and the vesting of restricted stock units.
The fair value of unvested options that we expect to result in compensation expense was approximately $3.5 million with a weighted average number of years to vesting of 2.93 at December 31, 2019.
Information with respect to stock option activity related to the Plans for the year ended December 31, 2019 follows:
The intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 was $5,137.0 thousand, $418.9 thousand, and $53.3 thousand, respectively, resulting in tax benefits of $1,798.0 thousand, $146.6 thousand, and $18.7 thousand, respectively, which are reflected as an outflow from operating activities and an inflow from financing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The weighted average fair values of the options granted under the Plans were calculated using the Black-Scholes method. The weighted average grant date fair value and weighted average assumptions used in the option pricing models are as follows:
Information with respect to non-vested restricted stock unit activity follows:
Restricted stock units are valued using the closing price reported by the Nasdaq Global Select Market on the trading day immediately preceding the day of the grant. Unrecognized compensation expense for unvested restricted stock units at December 31, 2019, was approximately $11.4 million expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.97 years.
Note O - Deferred Compensation Plan
The Rent-A-Center, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”) is an unfunded, nonqualified deferred compensation plan for a select group of our key management personnel and highly compensated employees. The Deferred Compensation Plan first became available to eligible employees in July 2007, with deferral elections taking effect as of August 3, 2007.
The Deferred Compensation Plan allows participants to defer up to 50% of their base compensation and up to 100% of any bonus compensation. Participants may invest the amounts deferred in measurement funds that are the same funds offered as the investment options in the Rent-A-Center, Inc. 401(k) Retirement Savings Plan. We may make discretionary contributions to the Deferred Compensation Plan, which are subject to a three-year graded vesting schedule based on the participant’s years of service with us. We are obligated to pay the deferred compensation amounts in the future in accordance with the terms of the Deferred Compensation Plan. Assets and associated liabilities of the Deferred Compensation Plan are included in prepaid and other assets and accrued liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, we made matching cash contributions of approximately $150 thousand, $50 thousand and $100 thousand, respectively, which represents 50% of the employees’ contributions to the Deferred Compensation Plan up to an amount not to exceed 6% of each employee's respective compensation. No other discretionary contributions were made for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. The deferred compensation plan assets and liabilities were approximately $9.7 million and $8.7 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Note P - 401(k) Plan
We sponsor a defined contribution plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code for certain employees who have completed at least three months of service. Employees may elect to contribute up to 50% of their eligible compensation on a pre-tax basis, subject to limitations. We may make discretionary contributions to the 401(k) plan. Employer matching contributions are subject to a three-year graded vesting schedule based on the participant's years of service with us. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, we made matching cash contributions of $6.6 million, $6.3 million and $7.0 million, respectively, which represents 50% of the employees’ contributions to the 401(k) plan up to an amount not to exceed 6% of each employee's respective compensation. Employees are permitted to elect to purchase our common stock as part of their 401(k) plan. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, 8.2% and 6.2%, respectively, of the total plan assets consisted of our common stock.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Note Q - Fair Value
We follow a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which classifies the inputs used in measuring fair values, in determining the fair value of our non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, which consist primarily of goodwill. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. There were no changes in the methods and assumptions used in measuring fair value during the period.
At December 31, 2019, our financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, receivables, payables, and outstanding borrowings against our ABL Credit Facility and Term Loan Facility. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, receivables and payables approximates fair value at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, because of the short maturities of these instruments. In addition, the interest rates on our Term Loan Facility and ABL Credit Facility are variable and, therefore, the carrying value of outstanding borrowings approximates their fair value.
Note R - Stock Repurchase Plan
Under our current common stock repurchase program, our Board of Directors has authorized the purchase, from time to time, in the open market and privately negotiated transactions, of up to an aggregate of $1.25 billion of Rent-A-Center common stock. We have repurchased a total of 37,053,383 shares of Rent-A-Center common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $996.1 million as of December 31, 2019. 58,730 shares were repurchased during 2019 and no shares were repurchased during 2018.
Note S - Segment Information
The operating segments reported below are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which segment results are evaluated by the chief operating decision makers. Our operating segments are organized based on factors including, but not limited to, type of business transactions, geographic location and store ownership. All operating segments offer merchandise from certain basic product categories: furniture, consumer electronics, appliances, computers, and accessories. Smartphones are also offered in our company owned stores and franchise locations. In addition, in the Rent-A-Center business segment, we have recently expanded into other product categories including, tools, tires, jewelry and other accessories.
We report financial operating performance under four operating segments. To better reflect the Company's current strategic focus, our retail partner business operations are now reported as the Preferred Lease segment (formerly Acceptance Now), which includes our virtual, staffed and hybrid business models; and our Rent-A-Center Business segment (formerly the Core U.S.) segment, which operates our company-owned stores and e-commerce platform through rentacenter.com. In addition we report operating results for our Mexico and Franchising segments. Reportable segments and their respective operations are defined as follows.
Our Rent-A-Center Business segment primarily operates lease-to-own stores in the United States and Puerto Rico whose customers enter into weekly, semi-monthly or monthly rental purchase agreements, which renew automatically upon receipt of each payment. We retain the title to the merchandise during the term of the rental purchase agreement and ownership passes to the customer if the customer has continuously renewed the rental purchase agreement through the end of the term or exercises a specified early purchase option. This segment also includes the 44 stores operating in two states that utilize a retail model which generates installment credit sales through a retail sale transaction. Segment assets include cash, receivables, rental merchandise, property assets and other intangible assets.
Our Preferred Lease segment, which operates in the United States and Puerto Rico, and includes the operations of the recently acquired Merchants Preferred, generally offers the lease-to-own transactions to consumers who do not qualify for financing from the traditional retailer. Our Preferred Lease operating model is highly agile and dynamic because we can open and close locations quickly and efficiently. Generally, our Preferred Lease staffed locations consist of an area with a computer, desk and chairs. We occupy the space without charge by agreement with each retailer. In our virtual locations, transactions are initiated through an electronic portal accessible by retail partners on their store computers. Accordingly, capital expenditures with respect to new Preferred Lease locations are minimal. The transaction offered at our Preferred Lease locations (excluding virtual) is generally similar to that of the Rent-A-Center Business segment; however, we pay the retail price for merchandise purchased from our retail partners and subsequently leased to the customer. In addition, the majority of the customers in this segment enter into monthly rather than weekly agreements. Under the virtual business model, revenues are earned prior to the renal payment due date. Therefore, revenue is accrued prior to receipt of the rental payment, net of estimated returns and uncollectible renewal payments. Segment assets include cash, rental merchandise, property assets, goodwill and other intangible assets.
Our Mexico segment currently consists of our company-owned lease-to-own stores in Mexico. The nature of this segment's operations and assets are the same as our Rent-A-Center Business segment.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The stores in our Franchising segment use Rent-A-Center’s, ColorTyme’s or RimTyme’s trade names, service marks, trademarks and logos, and operate under distinctive operating procedures and standards. Franchising’s primary source of revenue is the sale of rental merchandise to its franchisees who, in turn, offer the merchandise to the general public for rent or purchase under a lease-to-own program. As franchisor, Franchising receives royalties of 2.0% to 6.0% of the franchisees' monthly gross revenue and initial fees for new locations. Segment assets include cash, trade receivables, property assets and intangible assets.
Segment information as of and for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Note T - Earnings Per Common Share
Summarized basic and diluted earnings per common share were calculated as follows:
RENT-A-CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Note U - Unaudited Quarterly Data
Summarized quarterly financial data for the years ended December 31, 2019, and 2018 is as follows:
Item 9.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
In accordance with Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based on this evaluation, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, concluded that, as of December 31, 2019, our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) were effective.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Please refer to Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting in Part II, Item 8, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Auditor's Report Relating to Effectiveness of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Please refer to the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm in Part II, Item 8, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
For the year ended December 31, 2019, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that, in the aggregate, have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B.
Item 9B. Other Information.
None.
PART III
Item 10.
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.(*)
Item 11.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.(*)
Item 12.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.(*)
Item 13.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.(*)
Item 14.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.(*)
PART IV
Item 15.
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
1. Financial Statements
The financial statements included in this report are listed in the Index to Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
2. Financial Statement Schedules
Schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulations of the SEC are either not required under the related instructions or inapplicable.
3. Exhibits
†
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
*
Filed herewith.
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary.
None.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
RENT-A-CENTER, INC.
By:
/s/ MITCHELL E. FADEL
Mitchell E. Fadel
Chief Executive Officer
Date: February 28, 2020
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated.