On the Financial Secrecy Index website, explain how financial secrecy is measured. Identify the four main categories used for assessment and, for each category, describe its primary focus and list two specific factors (indicators) that contribute to its measurement.
Navigate to the 'Indicator profiles' page. Identify the four key assessment categories: 'Asset and ownership registration', 'Legal entity transparency', 'Integrity of tax and financial regulation', and 'International standards and cooperation'. For each category, extract its general description. For each category, identify and list at least two specific indicators provided on the page. Synthesize all gathered information into a concise answer.
Accurately list the four key categories of assessment: 'Asset and ownership registration', 'Legal entity transparency', 'Integrity of tax and financial regulation', and 'International standards and cooperation'. For 'Asset and ownership registration', accurately describe its focus (e.g., preventing concealment of beneficial owners, assessing banking secrecy and public registration for legal vehicles, real estate, and freeports) and list at least two specific factors (e.g., Banking secrecy, Beneficial ownership of companies, Real estate ownership). For 'Legal entity transparency', accurately describe its focus (e.g., ensuring public accessibility of key transparency data like beneficial ownership and country-by-country reporting) and list at least two specific factors (e.g., Transparency of company ownership, Public country by country reporting). For 'Integrity of tax and financial regulation', accurately describe its focus (e.g., assessing capacity of tax administrations, taxation of residents' income abroad, golden visas, and publication of tax rulings and extractive industries' contracts) and list at least two specific factors (e.g., Tax compliance focus, Golden visas, Tax rulings and extractive industries’ contracts). For 'International standards and cooperation', accurately describe its focus (e.g., evaluating adherence to cooperation mechanisms and international conventions for information exchange and tackling corruption/money laundering) and list at least two specific factors (e.g., Anti-money laundering, Automatic information exchange).