I'm interested in the brain stimulation research at the Department of Experimental Psychology. Can you explain what tDCS and TMS are, including their full names and how each technique works or what it's used for in their studies?
Navigate to the 'Research' section of the website. Locate and click on the 'Tools' link. Click on the 'What is tDCS?' link. Extract the full name and a description of tDCS. Go back to the 'Tools' page. Click on the 'What is TMS?' link. Extract the full name and a description of TMS. Synthesize the extracted information for both techniques.
State the full name for tDCS as 'Transcranial direct current stimulation'. Describe tDCS as a non-invasive technique that stimulates the brain by applying electrical currents, noting its neuromodulatory effects (increasing/decreasing excitability) and its use in enhancing learning or investigating speech problems. State the full name for TMS as 'Transcranial magnetic stimulation'. Describe TMS as a non-invasive technique that stimulates brain function by generating a rapidly changing magnetic field to induce a weak current in brain tissue, noting its use in assessing brain activity fluctuations or inducing temporary changes in function, particularly for investigating the motor cortex's role in speech perception.