Vaimbove Mutungamiri weNyika, VaRobert Mugabe, Vashaya
Vaimbove muutungamiri wenyika, VaRobert Gabriel Mugabe, vashaya nhasi mangwanani kuchipatara cheGleneagles Hospital chekuSingapore.
WASHINGTON — Vaimbove muutungamiri wenyika, VaRobert Gabriel Mugabe, vakashaya neChishanu mangwanani kuchipatara cheGleneagles Hospital kuSingapore. Izvi zvatanga kuziviswa nebazi rezvekunze kweSingapore. VaMugabe vashaya vava nemakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu, uye vasiya mudzimai, Amai Grace Mugabe, vana vatatu, Bona Mugabe Chikore, Robert Mugabe naChatunga Bellarmine Mugabe. VaMugabe vakaenda kuSingapore muna Kubvumbi vachirwara nehurwere husina kunyatsotsanangurwa. VaMugabe vakabviswa pachigaro nemauto muna Mbudzi 2017, mushure mekunge vadzinga vaive mutevedzeri wavo, VaEmmerson Mnangagwa. Mushure mekubviswa pachigaro, Zanu PF yakagara pasi ndokubva yavadzinga mubato iri, pamwe nemudzimai wavo, Amai Grace Mugabe. Bato iri rakasarudzawo VaMnangagwa kuti vatsive VaMugabe, izvo zvakatambirwa naparamende muna Zvita 2017. VaMnangagwa vakagadzwa semutungamiri wenyika. VaMugabe vakaberekwa kwaKutama munharaunda yekwaZvimba musi wa21 Kukadzi 1924, semumwe wevana vashanu vamuchakabvu Bona naVaConstantine Gabriel Mugabe Matibiri. Mukuru mumhuri yavo anga ari Michael, achiteverwa naRaphael, Sabina, kuchizouya ivo Robert, Bridget ari chigumisirwa. Pavakanga vachiri mwana mudiki, babavavo vaiita basa rekuveza, vakaenda kuBulawayo vachinotsvaga basa. Vari kuBulawayo, baba vaVaMugabe vakanoroora mumwe mudzimai wepiri vakaita vana vatatu; Albert, David, naRegina. Munguva iyi, amai vaVaMugabe, avo vaive mudzidzisi, vakasara vachirera VaMugabe nevamwe vana varivega. Vachiri mudiki, VaMugabe vaibatsira amai vavo nekufudza zvipfuwo zvemhuri pamwe nekuita tumari nemaricho. Vanhu vatema vakawanda panguva iyi vaingodzidza kusvika pazvidzidzo zvisingapfuure dzidzo yepasi, kana kutiprimary school education. VaMugabe pavakapedza zvidzidzo zvepasi, vakaenda kunoita zvidzidzo zvesekondari paKutama Mission, iyo yaiva pasi paMufundisi O’Hea, avo vakanga vakakurudzira VaMugabe kuti vaenderere mberi nedzidzo. Vadzidzisi vaVaMugabe vakatanga kuona njere dzavo vakatanga kuvadaidza nerekuti ‘mukomana akachenjera’. Shamwari yavo vachikura, muchakabvu James Chikerema, vakambotsanangura VaMugabe semunhu akanga asingatane kuramwa chero pakutamba nevamwe uye ane mwoyo wakaoma zvekuti yanga isiri nyore kumubvisa pane zvaanenge achida kuita. VaMugabe pavakapedza zvidzidzo zvepasi, vakaenda kunoita zvidzidzo ku Fort Hare University kumabvazuva kwe Cape Town. Vapedza zvidzidzo zvavo kuSouth Africa, VaMugabe vakadzoka kumusha kunodzidzisa, asi vachienderera mberi nezvidzidzo paHope Fountain Mission pedyo neBulawayo. Muna 1955 VaMugabe vakayenda kuZambia, ichanzi Northern Rhodesia, uko vakanodzidzisa kwemakore mana paChalimbana Training College. Amai Sally Mugabe Mushure mezvo, VaMugabe vakaenda ku Ghana uko vakanodzidzisa varairidzi paSt Mary’s. Uku ndiko kwavakasangana nemudzimai wavo wekutanga, Amai Sally Heyfron, vakazochata muna 1961. Pavakauya kuzoshanya kumusha mugore ra 1960 akaita mahwekwe nekuratidzira kwaive nemhirizhonga zvikuru sei kumisha yaigara vatema vachiti vaida magariro ari nani. VaMugabe vakakumbirwa vakabvuma kutaura pane rimwe gungano revairatidzira vachitsanangura mamiriro ezvinhu ku Ghana uko kwakawanikwa kuzvitonga kuchikurudzirwa pfungwa dzegutsaruzhinji. Mumasure memasvondo mashoma, VaMugabe vakasarudzwa kuita munyori anoona nezvekuburitswa nekufambiswa kwemashoko mubato re National Democratic Party. Hurumende ye Rhodesia yakamisa kushanda kwebato iri mukupera kwa1961, asinhengo dzakaungana zvekare nezita idzva re Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU) richitungamirirwa naVaJoshua Mqabuko Nkomo, avo vaizivikanwa nezvekutungamira masangano evashandi. Nekupindana kwenguva, VaMugabe nevamwe vanonzi vakatanga kuzvidza VaNkomo vachivapomera mhosva yekusada kuita mahwekwe nevachena vachisimbisa kuti vanoda kuti ‘munhu wese abvumidzwe kuvhota’ nevavariro yekusvika muhutongi hwevatema. Rev. Ndabaningi Sithole Muna 1963 VaMugabe nevamwe vavo vakaita pfungwa dzakasiyana vakatanga bato idzva re Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) richitungamirirwa naReverend Ndabaningi Sithole. Mugore iroro, VaMugabe vakasungwa nemhosva yekukuchidzira mhirizhonga vakavharirwa kwemakore anopfuura gumi. Munguva iyi, VaMugabe vakaita zvakare zvidzidzo vari mujeri vakawana Bachelor of Law Degree. Vakasungwa kudaro mugore ra 1974 VaMugabe vanonzi vakatungamira mukubviswa kwaRev. Sithole semutungamiri we ZANU. Mugore iroro, mutungamiri wehurumende ye Rhodesia, Va Ian Douglas Smith, vakabvumidza VaMugabe kuti vabuditswe mujere kuitira kuti vanopinda musangano ku Lusaka ku Zambia. Pane kunanga kumusangano, VaMugabe vachiperekedzwa naVaEdgar Tekere, vachibatsirwa naIshe Rekayi Tangwena, vakaenda kuMozambique kunobatana neuto re ZANU rainzi ZANLA. Bato reVaNkomo re ZAPU rakanga rine uto raro rainzi ZIPRA. Mauto maviri aya pasi pe Patriotic Front, akazoita hurukuro naVaSmith we Rhodesia dzekuunza kusununguka kweZimbabwe. Rusununguko Pamwe neGakava reGukurahundi Asi pakaitwa sarudzo dzekutanga muna 1980, mauto aya akapinda musarudzo akapatsurana. VaMugabe vakakunda musarudzo dzekuumba hurumende yekutanga yeveruzhinji muZimbabwe dzakazoitwa muna 1980. Kubvira muna Ndira 1983 kwakaita hondo yekurwisa madissidents kuMatebeleland nekuMidlands. Hurumende ye ZANU-PF yakapomera vanhu vemumatunhu aya mhosva yekuchengeta ma dissidents. Hondo iyi yakazivikanwa nezita nerekuti Gukurahundi. Vanhu vanofungidzirwa kusvika kuzviuru makumi maviri vanonzi vakaurayiwa ne5th Brigade. Senzira yekumisa kurwisana, VaMugabe naVaNkomo vakanyorerana chibvumirano che Zimbabwe Unity Accord muna 1987, icho chakaona VaNkomo vachiitwa mumwe wevatevedzeri vaVaMugabe, avo vakanga vave mutungamiri wenyika. Sally Mugabe naGrace Mugabe VaMugabe vakarasikirwa nemudzimai wavo wekutanga, Aami Sally Hayfron Mugabe, avo vakashaya muna Ndira 1992 mushure mekunetseka kwenguva yakareba nechirwere cheitsvo. Asi Amai Sally Mugabe vasati vashaya, VaMugabe vakanga vatoroora pachivanhu mukadzi wechipiri, Muzvare Grace Marufu, uyo akanga amboroorwa nemuuto, Stanley Goreraza vane mwana mukomana, Russell Goreraza. VaMugabe naGrace vakava ne vana vaviri, Bona naRobert junior vakaberekwa Amai Sally Mugabe vasati vashaya. Kusazvibata kwaVaMugabe kwakakonzera dambudziko muchechi mavo vamwe vachiti havafanirwe kuchatiswa naGrace sezvo vaviri vakaita zvisingatambirwe neRoman Catholic. Asi VaMugabe naGrace vakazochatiswa namushakabvu ArchBishop Patrick Chakaipa. Makore maviri vachata naGrace, VaMugabe vakakonzeresa mutauro zvakare munyika apo vakatumira mauto kuDemocratic Republic of Congo, kuti anobatsira mutungamiri wenyika iyi, muchakabvu Laurent Kabila kuti asabviswe pachigaro zvechisimba. Izvi zvakaitwa dare reparamende risina ruzivo. VaMugabe vanoshorwa nevakawanda kuti vakatadza kupindira zvichitevera kubuda kwemashoko ekuti vakuru vakuru mubato ravo, vakanyepa kukuvara kwavakaita muhondo, izvo zvakapa kuti vapihwe mariyakawandisa. Munguva iyi, hurumende yakapawo vose vaimbova varwiri vehondo mariinoita zviuru makumi mashanu zvemadhora. Izvi zvakaitika muna Gumiguru 1997 mushure mekunge varwiri avavaratidzira. Izvi zvakadhingura homwe yehurumende nekuti mari iyi yainge isina kuiswa pabhajeti. Morgan Richard Tsvangirai – Movement for Democratic Change VaMugabe, avo vainge vagara vakatandavara zvavo munyaya dzematongerwo enyika, vakazoona kuti zvinhu zviri kuvaipira mushure mekunge bato reMDC raumbwa muna 1999. Bato iri rakashanda zvakasimba mukuramba kutambira bumbiro idzva pareferendamu yakaitwa muna Kukadzi 2000. Musarudzo dzakaitwa muna 2000, MDC yakapotsa yabvisa Zanu PF pachigaro chekutonga daisarudzo idzi dzakaitwa pasina mhirizhonga zvikuru kumaruwa. Sarudzo yemutungamiri wenyika yakazoitwa muna 2002, asivakawanda vanobvumirana kuti VaMugabe vakakundwa musarudzo iyi naVaMorgan Tsvangirai veMDC. Nyika dzekumavirira dzakabva dzaisa zvirango pahurumende yaVaMugabe nemakurukota avo. Dzimwe sarudzo dzakasiya VaMugabe vazunzika dzakaitwa muna 2008, idzo dzakaona VaMugabe vachikundwa naVaTsvangirai, asipakazoshandiswa mutemo wekuti VaTsvangirai vainge vasina kukunda zvinotambirwa nemutemo. Sarudzo iyi yakadzokororwa, asi VaTsvangirai vakazobuda musarudzo iyi vachiti vatsigiri vavo vaipondwa nehurumende yeZanu PF. Nyika dzemu Africa dzakazopindira pagakava remuZimbabwe, izvo zvakapa kuti paumbwe hurumende yemubatanidzwa iyo yakashanda kubva muna 2009 kusvika muna 2013. Munguva iyi, VaMugabe ndivo vaive mutungamiri wenyika ane masimba akawandisa, VaTsvangirai vari mutungamiri wehurumende, asimasimba ari mashoma zvichienzaniswa neaVaMugabe. VaMugabe naVaTsvangirai vakashanda vose kwemakore mashanu, asi hukama hwavo hwaiva husina kuti tsvikiti, VaTsvangirai vachiti VaMugabe vairamba kuzadzisa zvakanga zvawiriranwa pachibvumirano chekuvaka hurumende chakakokerwa nevaimbove mutungamiri weSouth Africa, VaThabo Mbeki. Musarudzo dzakaitwa muna 2013, VaMugabe nebato ravo vakakunda musarudzo inonzi yakabiridzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro soro kunyange hazvo Zanu PF ichiti yakakunda zvine mutsindo, uye zviri pachena. Munguva yekutsvaga rutsigiro, VaMugabe nebato ravo vakavimbisa nyika kuti vachawanira vanhu mabasa matsva mamiriyoni maviri pasi pechirongwa cheZimAsset. Asi pakangotanga VaMugabe kutonga mushure mekukunda muna 2013, zvinhu zvakabva zvatanga kuipa, upfumi ndokuondomoka. Makambani akatanga kuvhara vanhu vachirasikirwa nemabasa. Kunetsana kwakatangawo muZanu PF, zvikasiya mutevedzeri waVaMugabe muhurumende nemubato, Amai Joice Mujuru, vadzingwa zvose muhurumende nemubato. Semunongedzo wekuti VaMugabe zvava kuvakunda, kurwisana muZanu PF kwakatanga kubuda pachena vanhu vachitukana vari pamberi paVaMugabe, ivo VaMugabe vasina zvavaitaura kana kutsiura. Muna Mbudzi 2017, VaMugabe vakadzinga VaMnangagwa semutevedzeri wavo muhurumende, izvo zvakasiya bato iri ratsemuka nepakati, vamwe vachitsigira chikwata cheLacoste, icho chaitsigira VaMnangagwa, vamwe vachitsigira chikwata cheG-40, icho chaive nevanhu vanoti Amai Grace Mugabe, VaJonathan Moyo, VaSavior Kasukuwere nevamwe. Pakabviswa VaMugabe pachigaro, VaMoyo, VaKasukuwere naVaLeo Mugabe vakabuda munyika vachinopotera kune dzimwe nyika. Vachitaura pamusoro pekushaya kwaVaMugabe, VaMnangagwa vati VaMugabe vaitwa gamba nebato ravo ravo izvo zvatambirwa nehurumende. VaMnangagwa vati VaMugabe munhu akarwira nyika kuitira kuti ive nerusununguko. Vatiwo vanhu vakawanda vachavarangarira nebasa ravakaita mukuwanisa vanhu vatema mapurazi ayo vakatorera varungu. VaMnangagwa havana kutara kuti mutumbi waVaMugabe uchauyiswa riini kumusha kuzovigwa. Kunyanga hazvo VaMnangagwa varumbidza mabasa akaitwa naVaMugabe, vakawanda vacharangarira VaMugabe kwenguva yakareba nepamusana pezvinhu zvavakaita, zvimwe zvakanaka, zvimwe zvakaipa: Kutadza kugadzirisa gakava reGukurahundi vachiri vapenyu; Kuparadzwa kwakaitwa hupfumi hwenyika vari pachigaro; Kushaikwa kwemabasa munyika yaizivikanwa nenyaya yehupfumi; Kumbunyikidza vanovapikisa; Kusada kutsiurwa pavanenge vatadza; Kuita humbimbindoga munyaya dzenyika; Kune avo vakawana cheuviri kuburikidza nehutongi hwaVaMugabe; Kupa vanhu mapurazi nehupfumi hwemupurazi pasina kana peni rawabvisa; Kuwana hupfumi mumakambani kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemitemo inotsigira kuendeswa kwehupfumi kuvatema.