Ibihugu Bituriye Uruzi rwa Nil Birimo Gushyikirana
Ngo bizafatanya mu mishinga yo guteza imbere ibibaya by'urwo ruzi
Kuva ku italiki ya 14 Werurwe, i Kigali hamaze iminsi hateranira amanama ahuza impuguke zishinzwe kwiga uburyo ibihugu bituriye uruzi rwa Nil n’ibibaya byarwo byafatanya mu gukoresha amazi y’urwo ruzi, no guteza imbere ibibaya byarwo. Izo nama z’impuguke zikaba zasojwe taliki ya 17 na 18 n’iy’abaminisitiri barebwa n’amazi muri ibyo bihugu cumi bifite inyungu kuri urwo ruzi. Abo baminisitiri bahuye mu rwego rwo kwemeza gahunda y’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’imishinga inyuranye ibyo bihgu byiyemeje gufatanyamo, mu rwego rwo gushaka uburyo ubukungu bw’ibyo bibaya bwasaranganywa neza nta gihugu kibangamiwe. Muri ubwo bukungu harimo n’amazi benshi bakunze kuvuga ashobora gukurura amakimbirane hagati ya bimwe mu bihugu bituriye ayo mazi aramutse atumvikanyweho m’ukuyakoresha. Hari ndetse n’amakuru yavugaga ko Misiri na Ethiopiya byigeze kurebana nabi kubera ikibazo cy’ayo mazi ya Nil. Icyakora abaminisitiri b’ibihugu byombi batangarije abanyamakuru ko nta kibazo cyigeze kihaba hagati y’ibihugu byombi. Igihugu cya Misiri ni cyo kiza ku isonga mu bihugu bitunzwe cyane n’amazi ya Nil. Minisitiri ushinzwe iby’amazi muri icyo gihugu, Bwana Mahmoud Abu–Zied yatangarije abanyamakuru ko igihugu cye ngo gikoresha gusa 5% by’amazi aturuka muri urwo ruzi, andi akikomereza mu nyanja ya Mediterranee. Asanga rero nta mpamvu ibihugu byabipfa kandi amazi ahari ahagije. N’ubwo abo baminisitiri bemeza ariko ko nta bibazo bihari, minisitiri ushinzwe iby’amazi muri Tanzaniya, Bwana Edouard Lowasa yasobanuye ko higeze kubaho ikibazo mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’Abongereza bari barahawe gucunga icyitwaga Tanganyika mu myaka y’1920, Ubwongereza bwiyumvikanira n’ibihugu bya Misiri na Sudani bwakolonizaga bisinyana amasezerano y’uko nta bihugu bituriye ikiyaga cya Victoria(na cyo kiza mu gace k’ibibaya bya Nil) bizakoresha amazi cy’icyo kiyaga bitabanje gusaba uruhushya biriya bihugu bibiri. Nyuma y’ubukoloni abayobozi ba Tanzaniya bo baje kubyanga, basobanura ko icyemezo cyafashwe kitabareba kuko ntaho bigeze bagisinyira. Ubu abo bayobozi b’ibihugu bituriye uruzi rwa Nil barimo kwigira hamwe uburyo bafatanya m’ugukoresha neza amazi ya Nil, ndetse no gufatanya mu kubyaza umusaruro ibibaya by’urwo ruzi. Imwe mu mishinga iteganywa hakaba harimo kubaka ingomero ku bice binyuranye by’urwo ruzi, kubungabunga ibidukikije mu bibaya by’urwo ruzi, guteza imbere ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, ndetse n’uburobyi mu biyaga bibarirwa mu bibaya by’uruzi rwa Nil. Ingomero zizubakwa ngo zikazakwirakwiza umuriro muri ibyo bihugu byose aho ukenewe. Minisitiri ufite amazi mu nshingano ze mu Rwanda, Bwana Munyanganizi Bikolo, yatangaje ko muri iyo gahunda urugomero rwa Rusumo na rwo ruteganyijwe kubakwa. Urwo rugomero rwari rwarananiranye kubakwa. Bigaragara kandi ko inyigo zo kurwubaka zakozwe mu myaka ya za 80. Ababishinzwe bemeza ko ari ukubera ko ruhenze kurwubaka. Naho ku kibazo cyo kumenya icyo ubwo bufatanye buzamarira akarere k’Ubugesera gakomeje kwibasirwa n’amapfa kubera imvura nke kandi ariho isoko ya Nil ituruka, Bwana Munyanganizi yasobanuye ko hari ibiri gukorwa ku rwego rwa guverinoma y’ u Rwanda kugira ngo icyo kibazo kibonerwe umuti. Naho ku rwego rwa gahunda yo guteza imbere ibibaya bya Nil, ngo hari urugomero ruteganyijwe kuri Nyabarongo, urundi rukaba ruteganyijwe nyine kuri Rusumo. Izi ngomero zombi ngo zizakora ibisa n’ibiyaga bizatuma akarere k’Ubugesera gashobora kwera hakoreshejwe kuhira imirima. Abaturage batuye ako karere ubu bari gutabaza ko amapfa abageze kure kubera imvura yabaye ingume. Nk’uko byasobanuwe mu kiganiro abaminisitiri b’ibyo bihugu bahaye abanyamakuru, ngo abaterankunga bishimiye ubwo bufatanye k’uburyo biteguye kugira uruhare mu mishinga inyuranye yateguwe. Ibihugu bifite inyungu k’uruzi rwa Nil n’ibibaya byarwo ni Misiri, Erythrea, Sudani, Ethiopia, Kenya, Ouganda, Tanzaniya, u Rwanda, u Burundi, na Repuburika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.