Amabanki yo mu Rwanda Yambuwe Hafi Miriyari 31 z'Amanyarwanda - 2004-01-05
<br><b><font face="arial" size="2">Ingwate zabaye imyanya m'ubutegetsi; abandi bayajyanye i mahanga</font></b>
Shakira andi makuru yo mu karere . Saba amakuru muri email yawe . Nk'uko bigaragazwa n'urutonde rwakozwe na Banki Nkuru y'igihugu - BNR - tariki ya 30 Nzeri 2003, amabanki yo mu Rwanda yambuwe burundu amafaranga y'u Rwanda hafi miriyari 31, ni ukuvuga akayabo ka miriyoni 56 z’amadolari y’Amanyamerika. Uwo mwenda w’amafaranga 30.980.147.000 urabarwa nk'igihombo kuko nta kizere cy'uko uzishyurwa. Urutonde rwa BNR rugaragaza ba ruharwa mu kwambura amabanki rwashyikirijwe banki zose zo mu Rwanda kugira ngo zitazongera kugirira ikizere abo bantu. Usibye amwe mu masosiyete y'ubucuruzi -ndetse amwe bigaragara ko afite ubushobozi-, abantu benshi ku giti cyabo na bo babarwaho akayabo k’amafaranga. Muri abo harimo n’abakiri mu buyobozi bukuru bw'igihugu, abiyita impunzi za politike ndetse n'abacuruzi bayaterura bayajyana hanze y’U Rwanda. Banki y'bucuruzi, BCR, ni yo iri ku isonga mu kwamburwa, ikaba yarambuwe miliyari 10 na miliyoni ijana z’Amanyarwanda. Ikurikirwa na Banque de Kigali, BK, yishyuza miliyari 10 na miliyoni 10 zirenga. Hakurikiraho BCDI, BRD, BRD, BANCOR, BACAR na Caisse Hypothecaire du Rwanda ubu yafunze imiryango. Banki y’Abaturage mu Rwanda isa nk’aho ari yo yonyine itarambuwe. Abo bantu bibarwa ko bambuye amabanki burundu bari kuva mu rwego rwa gatanu kugeza ku rwa gatatu. Urwego rwa gatanu ni rwo rwo hejuru. Usanga abarurimo baba barambuye amabanki arenze abiri. Hari ndetse n'abatse inguzanyo ku ngwate imwe, cyangwa se ingwate ikaba umwanya bafite mu buyobozi. Itegeko ryo mu Rwanda ntirihanisha abambuye amabanki igihano cyo gufungwa. Ayo mabanki kandi na yo ntiyigeze yitonda cyane mu gutanga inguzanyo. Ikibabaje ni uko amwe mu banki asa n'atarabona isomo kuko ibyo bigikorwa dukurikije amakuru atugeraho. Bamwe mu bari mu rwego rwa gatanu bahunze U Rwanda ni nka Rumanyika Jean Marie Vianney warimo banki inguzanyo zigera kuri miliyoni zirenga 600 ubwo urwo rutonde rw'abambuye amabanki rwasohokaga. Ubu Rumanyika ngo arabarizwa mu gihugu cya Malawi aho yimuriye imwe mu mitungo ye n'amakonti. Isosiyete E. R.P y'umucuruzi Kajeguhakwa Valens wari n'umunyepolitike na yo yambuye BCR na BACAR yari afitemo imigabane myinshi miliyoni zirenga 200. Abandi bari k’urutonde bambuye amabanki hejuru ya miliyoni ijana z'u Rwanda basigaye ari impunzi barimo Major Furuma. Rwigema Petero Selesitini wahoze ari minisitiri w’intebe na Sebarenzi Yozefu wahoze ayobora inteko ishinga amategeko na bo barimo miliyoni zirenga 20. Bamwe mu bacuruzi bakiri mu Rwanda bari mu rwego rwa gatanu barimo Kajuga Yohani Wycliff, akaba ayarimo BACAR, BRD, BK na BCDI, Mironko Francois Xavier urimo miliyoni zirenga 350, na Rwanda Air Lines - isosiye itagikora yeguriwe burundu abikorera ku giti cyabo - irimo BCR miliyoni zirenga 500. Ubwo iyo sosiyete yagurishwaga umwenda ibereyemo BCR warirengagijwe. Abandi bantu benshi ku giti cyabo bashobora kuba bitwaza imyanya bafite cyangwa bari bafite baka inguzanyo. Twababwira nka Nsengimana Yozefu, umujyanama wa Perezida wa Repubulika urimo arenga miliyoni 50, na Murangira Appolinaire wari mu bayobozi b'ikigo gishinzwe imisoro n'amahoro, Rwanda Revenue Authority, akaba yarambuye akayabo ka miliyoni 185 ku giti cye. Major David Kabuye nawe yambuye arenga miliyoni zirenga 150. Hari na none General de Brigade Fred Ibingira, Col Alex Kanyarengwe, Visi Perezida w'urukiko rw'ikirenga Gahima Gerard n’abandi. Ishyirahamwe Highland Flowers rihinga rikanohereza mu mahanga indabyo ririmo BRD na BK miliyoni 220 zirenga. Iryo shyirahamwe ngo ni iry'abantu bakomeye mu Rwanda, ariko amazina yabo tukaba tutayatangaza tutarayabonera gihamya. Amwe mu masosiyete yambuye amabanki nta n’ubwo azwi cyane mu Rwanda; ndetse kugeza ubu ntituramenya aho akorera. Aha twavuga nka Equatorial Consult ifitiye BCDI umwenda wa miliyoni 313. Mu bindi bigo by'ubucuruzi biri k’urutonde rw’abambura amabanki harimo nka SOPETRAD na SAKIRWA. Kutishyura ahanini hashobora kuba harimo n'agahimano kuko nk’ikigo cya OCIR, ishami ry’icyayi, kiri mu byinjiza amadovize menshi mu Rwanda, ariko na cyo iri mu bambuzi. Bamwe mu bananiwe kwishyura amabanki batangiye kwadukana ingeso yo kwaka inguzanyo banyuze ku yandi mazina kandi mu buryo budakurikije amategeko. Aha twavuga nk'ibyavuzwe cyane kuri Visi Perezida w'urukiko rw’ikirenga, Gahima Gerard, wakiye nyina Bamususire Koleta ufite imyaka 70 inguzanyo ya miliyoni 72 z’Amanyarwanda. Gerard Gahima yategetse BACAR gutanga iyo nguzanyo. Usibye no guhabwa umuntu ugejeje mu zabukuru, iyo nguzanyo yatanzwe nta ngwate cyangwa se umushinga izakora. BACAR ni banki y’umunyemari n’umunyaporitiki Kajeguhakwa Valensi uri mu buhungiro, na we akaba abarwaho akayabo k'umwenda yagiye afitiye banki ye na BCR. Aha umuntu akaba yavuga ko amabanki yo mu Rwanda adashobora guhomba burundu kuko hafi ya yose uyu mwaka yari yashoboye kwinjiza amafaranga menshi. Amenshi mu mabanki yungukiye ku buryo bushya bwo kwohereza no kwakira amafaranga mu mahanga, Western Union. Ikindi kandi ni uko mu burasirazuba bwa Congo batangiye kugira umuco wo kubitsa no kujya mu bwishingizi kandi batagira amabanki. Ibyo byatumye bayoboka amabanki yo mu Rwanda. Abashorayo amafaranga, cyane cyane mu mabuye y'agaciro, na bo banyura mu Rwanda. Kwambura amabanki urebye birasa n'aho aribyo byasimbuye kwiba umutungo wa Leta no kurya ruswa kuko u Rwanda ruzwiho kuba ruri ku isonga mu buyobozi bwiza butagira ruswa no kwiba umutungo wa Leta mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere. Ingaruka zikomeye zizaturuka ku kwambura amabanki ni nk'ubukungu buzahazaharira, n’ifaranga ry'igihugu rigenda rirushaho gutakaza agaciro. Amwe muri ayo mabanki kandi na yo ashobora kuzafunga imiryango niba ntagikozwe. Ikigaragara ni uko Banki y'Abaturage ari yo yonyine igaragaza imikorere myiza kuko itigeze yamburwa, bigaragaza ko rubanda rugufi rukigerageza gucunga neza uduke rufite. Ikindi kigaragara ni uko abacuruzi bashoye amafaranga mu mishinga yo mu cyaro batagaragara k’urutonde rw'abambuye cyane. Aha twavuga nka Paul Muvunyi ufite Hotel n'uruganda rw'ibireti mu Ruhengeri. Biragaragara kandi ko bariya bayobozi n'abacuruzi bo mu migi bakagombye kurebera ku bandi bagashora amafaranga yabo mu cyaro, bityo bakanarushaho guha akazi abo bayobora. Ni nabyo bizagabanya ubukene kurushaho kandi bikanatuma abo bayobora barushaho kubagirira ikizere. Ikindi kigaragara ni uko amenshi mu mafaranga yashowe m’ukubaka amazu y'ibiciro yo kubamo ndetse no mu mamodoka ahenze yo kugendamo aho gushyirwa mu mishinga ibyara inyungu kandi itanga akazi.