text: Chapter 8
  EFFECTIVE INFORMATION COLLECTION
  8-110. An effective information collection effort provides better opportunities for detecting enemy
  formations, fires capabilities, and critical specialized capabilities that pose the greatest threat to friendly
  forces. Effective information collection must occur across echelons through detailed synchronization and
  various means to achieve a layered, phased, and continuous approach. This approach supports the four tenets
  of operations: agility, convergence, endurance, and depth. The information collection plan must be simple
  enough to execute, should avoid being predictable to enemy forces, and should include adequate OPSEC
  measures to protect friendly operations.
  8-111. When the commander and staff start planning information collection, many aspects of and
  limitations to that effort have been established based on operational constraints, the intelligence architecture,
  and the C2 network. While units can change some aspects of the intelligence architecture in a short timeframe,
  most components have been established or require a long lead time to change. Other staff activities and
  considerations that affect information collection include—
  ⚫ Risk management.
  ⚫ The air tasking order cycle.
  ⚫ The targeting process, to include targeting boards and working groups, time permitting.
  ⚫ Collection management boards and/or working groups or information collection working groups,
  when formed.
  ⚫ Terrain management.
  ⚫ Security operations missions.
  ⚫ Counterreconnaissance.
  ⚫ A reconnaissance-push or reconnaissance-pull approach. (See FM 3-98.)
  ⚫ Communications, to include using retrains capabilities, when necessary.
  ⚫ Fire support.
  ⚫ Engineering support.
  ⚫ Sustainment and IEW maintenance.
  ⚫ Casualty evacuation.
  Note. TC 2-19.01, developed for MI companies and platoons, includes appendixes applicable to
  other tactical units and information collection assets operating within a division or BCT AO. These
  appendixes include fire considerations, movement and maneuver, obstacle considerations,
  reaction drills, sustainment procedures, IEW maintenance, casualty response, CBRN
  considerations, cover and concealment, reporting, communications, and SOP considerations.
  Layered Information Collection
  8-112. In the offense or defense, units attack or defend in depth. Effective information collection planning
  depends on collaboration across the echelons vertically and horizontally to adjacent units. No echelon can
  operate on its own; there are interdependencies at each echelon. A layered information collection effort
  occurs based on this collaboration and dependency across echelons. However, each commander drives its
  own intelligence warfighting function.
  8-113. Collaboration can occur in conjunction with orders and tasking or through informal collaboration.
  Collaboration can work both top-down—from theater army through each successive echelon—and bottom-
  up—from lower to higher echelons. This layering takes advantage of the various collection capabilities, the
  proximity of tactical echelons to the enemy, and other factors. Information collection layering is not easy,
  even between U.S. forces; this level of collaboration is very challenging with multinational elements,
  especially when operating on different networks such as CENTRIXS and US BICES. However, the challenge
  can be mitigated through close liaison.