text: Stability Tasks in Military Operations
  1-68. While the military may initially shape an operational environment, organizations and agencies such
  as ICITAP can provide long-term assistance from the tactical to the sustained institutional levels of
  development.
  The Military Role in Security Sector Reform
  1-69. Security sector reform can occur at any point across the range of military operations, in conditions
  ranging from peace to the aftermath of major combat operations. No matter the conditions, security sector
  reform focus on mitigating conditions that might foster crisis and conflict. Within unified land operations,
  security sector reform is often an aspect of operations focused on stability. Security sector reform includes
  tasks, functions, and activities from each of the primary task areas. It concentrates on generating the
  capacity of the state and societal institutions to support responsible governance and the rule of law. (The
  roles and responsibilities of the military in security sector reform are discussed further in ADRP 3-07 and
  JP 3-07.)
  The Role of Intergovernmental Organizations in Security Sector Reform
  1-70. Since the end of the Cold War, intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) have emerged as prominent
  partners in security sector reform efforts worldwide. The most prominently recognized among these actors
  is the UN. The UN brings high levels of legitimacy, special capabilities provided by a broad mix of
  member states, and a capacity for sustaining large missions over long periods. The UN deploys many
  agencies capable of supporting security sector reform across the security sector. Integrated missions
  mandated by a UN Security Council resolution and directed by a special representative to the UN Secretary
  General encourage cooperation in security sector reform by multiple partners from UN agencies.
  Security Sector Reform and Host-Nation Autonomy
  1-71. Operations focused on stability seek to enhance the legitimacy of host-nation governance while
  leveraging efforts to reform the security sector. A host nation’s constitution, institutions, laws, and
  processes, however developmental, should play a central role in security sector reform. External influences
  frequently shape security sector reform policy, especially when a host nation’s government functions
  poorly. Nonetheless, security sector reform planners carefully uphold the host nation’s sovereignty by
  integrating its government into reform planning and execution.
  1-72. After hostilities cease, a comprehensive peace agreement must exist before security sector reform can
  begin. Once a peace agreement is established, partners can focus on helping the host nation create a
  national constitution. To create a suitable constitution, the partners ensure constitutional scholars work with
  host-nation officials to promote understanding of the political structure. National security strategies or
  policies and subordinate strategic documents, national defense acts, and national justice codes illustrate
  host-nation guidelines that can help to add structure to the security sector reform effort. Also important to
  the security sector reform effort are host-nation groups in charge of specific responsibilities, such as
  government reform agencies and national reconciliation commissions.
  1-73. Each partner in security sector reform helps develop the programs using its own policy guidance and
  implementation mechanisms. For example, UN Security Council resolutions define the mandates of UN
  peacekeepers and missions led by the UN. Host-nation national policy guidance, national justice systems,
  and relevant national legislation, treaties, and agreements—bilateral and multilateral—provide a framework
  for the host nation and its military forces. U.S. security assistance must proceed within the framework of
  legislated provisions governing the delivery of foreign assistance by U.S. agencies. While security sector
  reform should integrate these activities, the reform programs should primarily reflect the host nation’s
  institutions, laws, and processes. (The roles and responsibilities of the U.S. Government and other partners
  in security sector reform are discussed in JP 3-07 and JP 3-08.)
  Security Sector Reform Planning
  1-74. Sustainable security sector reform depends on thorough planning, assessment, patience, and
  perseverance. Working within a collaborative environment, the various partners consider the unique
  capabilities and contributions of each participant. The ensuing plan aims for a practical pace of reform and