text: FM 7-100.1________________________________________________________________________________
  11-83. Establishing camouflage smokescreens normally requires use of a
  combination of smoke grenades, smoke barrels, smoke pots, vehicles mounting
  smoke generating devices, and aircraft. Some decontamination vehicles also
  have the capability to generate smoke.
  11-84. Two smoke-generator vehicles can lay a smokescreen of sufficient size
  to cover a battalion advancing to the attack. For larger smokescreens, the
  OPFOR divides the smokescreen line into segments and assigns two vehicles
  to each segment. Doctrinally, camouflage smokescreens should cover an area
  at least five times the width of the attacking unit’s frontage.
  11-85. The threat of enemy helicopter-mounted antitank systems concerns
  the OPFOR. Consequently, its doctrine calls for advancing forces to move as
  close behind the smokescreen as possible. The higher the smokescreen, the
  higher an enemy helicopter must go to observe troop movement behind the
  smokescreen, and the more vulnerable it is to ground-based air defense
  weapons. Depending on weather and terrain, some large-area smoke
  generators can produce screens up to several hundred meters high. There is
  considerable observation-free maneuver space behind a screen of this height.
  Conversely, smoke pots provide a screen 5 to 10 m high. This screen masks
  against ground observation but leaves the force vulnerable to helicopters
  “hugging the deck” and popping up to shoot.
  11-86. The protection produced by camouflage smoke also interacts as a
  protective smoke. Just as smokescreens can degrade enemy night-vision
  sights, the protective smoke can shield friendly EO devices from potentially
  harmful laser radiation. This protective effect is greater with a darker smoke
  cloud because of the better absorption capability of that cloud. Protective
  smokescreens are also a good means of reducing the effects of thermal ra-
  diation from nuclear explosions. A protective smokescreen is useful in front
  of, around, or on top of friendly positions.
  Decoy
  11-87. A decoy screen can deceive an enemy about the location of friendly
  forces and the probable direction of attack. If the enemy fires into the decoy
  smoke, the OPFOR can pinpoint the enemy firing systems and adjust its fire
  plan for the true attack. The site and location of decoy screens depend on the
  type of combat action, time available, terrain, and weather conditions. One
  use of decoy smoke is to screen simultaneously several possible crossing sites
  at a water obstacle. This makes it difficult for the enemy to determine which
  site(s) the OPFOR is actually using.
  OFFENSIVE SMOKE EMPLOYMENT
  11-88. The OPFOR emphasizes the use of smoke during the offense to help
  reduce friendly battle losses. However, it understands that smoke may hin-
  der its own C2, battlefield observation, and target engagement capabilities. In
  addition, the enemy may take advantage of OPFOR smokescreens to shield
  his own maneuvers or to carry out a surprise attack or counterattack. Thus, a
  smokescreen is successful when the OPFOR attackers are able to maintain
  their assigned axis and retain sight of the objective. To prevent the smoke from