text: FM 7-100.1 ________________________________________________________________________________
  subordinate units using the organic transportation assets of the higher
  headquarters. Lower-priority units may have to rely on area support or even
  supply point distribution.
  12-48. The three methods by which supplying units distribute supplies to
  using units are supply point distribution, unit distribution, and throughput.
  In supply point distribution, the supplying unit issues supplies from a
  supply point to a receiving unit. The receiving unit must go to the supply
  point and use its own transportation to move supplies to where they are
  needed.
  12-49. In unit distribution, the supplying unit issue supplies and delivers
  supplies to the receiving unit’s area in transportation assets the supplying
  unit has arranged. Throughput is a method of distribution in which
  shipments bypass intermediate supply points or logistics sites. Throughput
  eliminates the need for double handling, uses transportation assets more
  efficiently, and is more responsive to the user’s needs.
  MAINTENANCE
  12-50. Maintenance includes actions taken to keep materiel and equipment
  in a serviceable condition, to return it to service, or to update and upgrade its
  capability. Since supplies are limited, the OPFOR stresses preventive
  maintenance, technical inspections, and proper operating methods to extend
  the life cycle of equipment. The maintenance system is designed to repair
  vehicles and equipment in the battle zone or as close to it as possible. Repair
  facilities and units move near the scene of combat rather than waiting for
  damaged equipment to be evacuated to them. Fixed and mobile repair units
  extend repair capabilities into the battle zone and provide service to the
  customer unit. During wartime, the types of repair performed at each level
  depend on the situation. Generally, they are of a lesser degree than in
  peacetime. The OPFOR classifies three categories of repair: routine, medium,
  or capital.
  12-51. Routine repairssuch as replacements, adjustments, or repair of
  individual componentsrequire a short time to fix. Generally, maintenance
  personnel do not disassemble major components as part of routine repair.
  Medium repairs include the minor overhaul of equipment and the repair of
  individual components requiring a short time to fix. Capital repairs are
  conducted at depot level and involve the major overhaul and/or assembly of
  equipment.
  TRANSPORTATION
  12-52. Transportation is a critical function that cannot be looked at in
  isolation; it is the one function that ties sustainment and all other battlefield
  operations together. The OPFOR envisions an environment characterized by
  dynamic, nonlinear operations; wide dispersion of forces; the need to
  concentrate rapidly for battle and disperse quickly; and the need to conduct a
  wide range of operations simultaneously.
  12-53. Military logistics planners base their estimates on the use of all
  movement resources available. These estimates include tactical combat