text: _________________________________________________________________________________Chapter 2
  2-224. The primary responsibility for maintaining communications of an
  OSC with the General Staff or SHC (or a parent FG or theater headquarters)
  rests with the main CP. With the larger staffs and greater communications
  capabilities of the main CP, the commander is allowed to focus more on the
  actual conduct of the operation from the forward CP. Obviously, when staff
  members, such as the CAO or chief of reconnaissance, accompany the com-
  mander, they will establish control over their respective nets as required.
  2-225. The chief of IW may also control one or more deception nets designed
  to mislead enemy signals intelligence analysis. Integrated into the IW plan
  are a description of these nets and procedures for their use.
  Procedures
  2-226. Before making contact with the enemy, most radio and radio-relay
  systems maintain a listening watch with transmission forbidden or strictly
  controlled. OPFOR units usually observe radio silence when defending or de-
  parting assembly areas. During radio silence, wire and courier are the pri-
  mary communications means. While moving toward the enemy, units nor-
  mally limit radio transmissions to various code words informing commanders
  they have accomplished assigned tasks or have encountered unexpected diffi-
  culties. The OPFOR also uses visual signals, such as flags and flares, to a
  great extent during movement. Usually only the commander and reconnais-
  sance forces have permission to transmit.
  2-227. In the offense, OPFOR units maintain radio silence until the outbreak
  of battle, when those authorized to transmit may do so without restriction.
  When contact with the enemy occurs, units initiate normal radio procedures.
  Subordinate commanders inform the OSC commander—usually by code
  wordwhen they reach objectives, encounter NBC contamination, make con-
  tact with the enemy, or have important information to report.
  COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS SURVIVABILITY
  2-228. Survivability of C2 systems is of great concern, since the C2 elements
  are typically located within range of enemy standoff systems, with increased
  potential for disruption or destruction. The OPFOR stresses the need to
  maintain continuous, reliable control of its forces and has undertaken a
  number of measures to prevent disruption and enhance survivability,
  while remaining flexible enough to retain control of units in combat. These
  include
  • High mobility of C2 systems and facilities.
  • Redundancy of the C2 elements and networks.
  • Adherence to operations- and information-security measures.
  • Deception
  2-229. IW activities contribute to C2 survivability. So does the principle of
  centralized planning and decentralized execution. The survivability of the
  headquarters’ command group is facilitated by the fact that the commander,
  DC, and chief of staff can be in separate CPs (forward, IFC, and main CPs,
  respectively).