text: Chapter 2
  TRANSITION OF STABILITY TASKS
  2-16. In the context of stability tasks, transitions occur across each of the five primary stability tasks to
  achieve the end state. Comprehensive transition planning incorporates the transfer of responsibility,
  authority, power, and accountability incrementally, on several levels, and by numerous partners. The
  measures of performance (MOPs) or measures of effectiveness (MOEs) indicating the appropriate time to
  complete tactical transitions tend to be clear and specific. Strategic transitions are exponentially more
  complex due to the magnitude of systems affected. A rush to complete transitions may only result in a rush
  to failure if the host nation and supporting actors are not prepared. A well-structured transition plan helps
  minimize corruption and dependency of the provisional or interim government.
  2-17. Army planners consider managing complex transitions in transition phases. Transition phases are
  consistent with the Army definition that describes a phase as a planning and execution tool used to divide
  an operation in duration or activity (ADRP 3-0). Transitions include transferring authority and control to
  other military forces, civilian agencies and organizations, and the host nation. Forces should execute
  transitions phases gradually rather than abruptly. While gradual transitions are optimal, an unexpected
  change in conditions may require commanders to direct an abrupt transition. In such cases, the overall
  composition of the force remains unchanged despite sudden changes in mission, task organization, and
  rules of engagement.
  2-18. U.S. government leaders have the lead for managing overall stability transitions. Civil organizations
  with more expertise in national development take the lead in stability transition. The host nation must have
  the political will and the resiliency to assume responsibility. The complexity of external actors and
  contributing nations’ international politics and policies may complicate the process. All short-term actions
  must nest and reinforce long-term end states. Numerous lines of effort crossing different transition phases
  potentially add complexity to all partner organizations. The numerous layers of tasks and actors compound
  the challenges with the finite number of people able to accomplish missions.
  2-19. Unified action partners clearly plan and express the steps for their withdrawal so local actors have
  time to adapt to their responsibilities and structures. Extending a transition phase can provide an
  opportunity to test local readiness for sovereignty. Conversely, delaying completion of a transition phase
  might encourage others to create artificial disturbances to extend the delay.
  2-20. In an operation, stability tasks transition within the stability framework (see ADRP 3-07). Military
  tasks are described in the stability framework as the initial response phase, transformation phase, or
  fostering sustainability phase. Forces accomplish stability tasks over time, carefully planning all levels of
  transitions throughout operations. Army leaders consider planning stability tasks in three transition phases:
  * Phase 1—Repair and (re)establish systems.
  * Phase 2—Normalize systems.
  * Phase 3—Transfer and exit.
  2-21. Initial response tasks generally occur in transition phase 1, transformation tasks in transition phase 2,
  and fostering sustainability tasks in transition phase 3. (See table 2-1.) However, there is overlap. In the
  fostering sustainability phase, military planners should keep in mind that the efforts of partners outside the
  Department of Defense are likely to continue after military forces depart. However, military tasks may
  continue with the emphasis on security cooperation activities, including security force assistance.
  Table 2-1. Phases of the stability framework and stability transition phases
  Phases of
  the Initial
  Transformation Fostering sustainability
  stability response
  framework:
  Stability 1—Repair and
  transition (re)establish 2—Normalize systems 3—Transfer and exit
  phases: systems
  Time: