text: Conduct of Hostilities
  Moreover, POWs, retained personnel, and protected persons may not renounce this right (see, for example,
  GPW art. 7).
  This prohibition applies to attempts to “compel” enemy nationals; it does not apply to measures short
  of compulsion, such as bribing enemy nationals or seeking to influence them through propaganda. LOAC
  specifically prohibits, however, an Occupying Power from using propaganda that aims to secure voluntary
  enlistment of protected persons in its armed forces or auxiliary forces (see GC art. 51).
  This prohibition applies to nationals of a hostile party; LOAC does not prohibit States from
  compelling their own nationals to serve in the armed forces. Similarly, this rule would not prohibit States
  from compelling persons to betray an allegiance to a non-State armed group.
  INFORMATION GATHERING
  Employing measures necessary to obtain information about the enemy and its country is considered
  permissible (see HR art. 24). Information gathering, however, must not violate specific LOAC rules. For
  example, torture or abuse may not be used to question or interrogate detainees. Similarly, LOAC prohibits
  the improper use of a flag of truce to obtain information (see paragraph 2-157). Some forms of deception
  used to gather information, although not prohibited by LOAC, may put persons engaging in them at risk of
  being treated as spies. For instance, combatants wearing civilian attire to collect intelligence in the zone of
  operations of a belligerent, if caught before returning to friendly lines, jeopardize their status as POWs and
  could be considered spies by the capturing enemy.
  INFORMATION OPERATIONS
  In general, LOAC permits the use of counter-propaganda and information operations (IO), even if it
  encourages acts that violate an enemy State’s domestic law or is directed towards civilians or neutral
  audiences. Certain types of information operations, however, are prohibited.
  Historically, permissible IO messages have been disseminated through a variety of communications
  media, including printed materials, loudspeakers, radio and television broadcasts, aircraft, and the internet.
  Information operations are sometimes used with financial or other incentives, if sanctioned and authorized.
  They may support intelligence gathering, be directed at enemy civilians and neutrals, or encourage enemy
  persons to commit acts that would violate the domestic law of the enemy State. For example, it is permissible
  to encourage enemy combatants to defect, desert, or surrender. Similarly, it is permissible to encourage
  insurrection among the enemy civilian population.
  Information operations must not incite violations of LOAC. For example, information operations
  intended to incite attacks against civilians is prohibited. Information operations also must not threaten the
  commission of LOAC violations. For example, it is prohibited if the propaganda constitutes a measure of
  intimidation or terrorism against the civilian population, such as threats of violence whose primary purpose
  is to spread terror among the civilian population. Similarly, it is prohibited to threaten an adversary by
  declaring that no quarter will be given. Information operations are also prohibited when they would violate
  LOAC. For example, LOAC specifically prohibits an Occupying Power from using IO messages that are
  aimed at securing voluntary enlistment of protected persons in its armed or auxiliary forces (see paragraphs
  6-133 and 6-134). Similarly, information operations may not be used to subject a detainee to public curiosity
  or other humiliating or degrading treatment. Additionally, the delivery of the information operations should
  be consistent with other LOAC obligations.
  BRIBERY OR OFFERING OF REWARDS
  In general, it is permissible to offer rewards for assistance in the conduct of hostilities, including
  rewards intended to corrupt enemy combatants or civilians. Rewards, however, may not be offered to commit
  violations of LOAC, and rewards may not be offered for the killing of enemy persons.
  It is forbidden to place a price on the head of enemy persons or to offer a reward for enemy persons
  “dead or alive.” Such actions encourage the denial of quarter or encourage private persons to take up arms
  whose participation in hostilities is often undisciplined and associated with the commission of war crimes.