text: Stability Considerations for Transitions
  2-22. The emphasis for commanders is on the transition of military tasks from U.S. forces to host-nation
  forces. Specific transitions will occur both as a change in focus of the tasks as described in the stability
  framework and as transfers of authorities to other partners or to the host nation. These transitions often do
  not occur all at once, but over time. At any given point, the lines of effort associated with the primary
  stability tasks may span different phases of the transition. For example, a line of effort associated with the
  primary stability task of establishing civil security is in transition phase 2, while another line of effort
  associated restore essential services is in transition phase 1. Additionally, transfers of authority may switch
  to other organizations or the host nation at a different pace. Finally, in the fostering sustainability phase of
  the stability framework, military planners consider that the efforts of partners outside the Department of
  Defense often continue after military forces depart. However, military tasks may continue with the
  emphasis moving to long-term security cooperation activities, including security force assistance.
  2-23. Early integration of all supporting actors into a comprehensive approach toward a common end state
  is key to success. In addition, integrating host-nation personnel into the transition from the beginning is
  vital. Retaining and incorporating knowledge of past institutional procedures also streamlines the transition.
  TRANSITION PHASE 1—REPAIR AND (RE)ESTABLISH SYSTEMS
  2-24. Partners begin to repair or replace the systems that were once active or in control of the host nation.
  Typically, partners selectively support local actors based on the security situation. This means foreign
  actors often drive stabilization and reconstruction: they develop the strategies, priorities, and projects and
  manage implementation. Partners operate in those sectors in which they are proficient or chartered by their
  sponsors.
  2-25. In transition phase 1, Army leaders begin a comprehensive approach toward mentoring and advising
  host-nation military leaders to ensure the host nation becomes willing to and capable of assuming its
  legitimate responsibilities. From the beginning, Army leaders organize a civil-military team for planning
  and executing subsequent transition phases. They coordinate horizontally and vertically to ensure that
  military efforts support host-nation agencies and organizations. The military must cooperate and coordinate
  with all partner agencies and organizations in a comprehensive approach. Military leaders recognize that
  military efforts are just one part of successfully building host-nation autonomy.
  2-26. In some situations, a partner nation’s military must serve as the initial lead in repairing or
  reestablishing certain aspects of normalcy. This happens due to inadequate security within the host nation.
  TRANSITION PHASE 2—NORMALIZE SYSTEMS
  2-27. In this context, systems refers broadly to host-nation political, economic, social, and military
  structures that ensure—
  * A safe and secure environment.
  * The rule of law.
  * Social well-being.
  * Stable governance.
  * A sustainable economy.
  2-28. Transition phase 2 begins as the host-nation government becomes operational, and its management
  of civil security, civil control, essential services, governance, economic development, and infrastructure
  tasks becomes routine practice. This transition phase takes time. Host-nation personnel take the lead, while
  partners continue to mentor and coach. The host nation owns and operates the systems and processes.
  Mentors seek to understand the culture, norms, and customs of the host nation to help determine when to
  terminate education, training, mentoring, and coaching support.
  2-29. Army leaders use MOEs and MOPs appropriate to the situation for measuring success. (See
  ADRP 3-07 for guidance on incorporating MOEs and MOPs in planning stability.) Determining criteria for
  normalized political, economic, social, and military systems is a challenge. Planners determine when to
  consider the actions in this transition phase complete based on achieving the end state conditions.
  Achieving the end state means that transition phase 2 should end and transition phase 3 should begin.