text: Cyberspace Operations and Electromagnetic Warfare Fundamentals
  Deception Measures
  2-31. Deception measures are designed to mislead the enemy by manipulation, distortion, or falsification of
  evidence to induce them to react in a manner prejudicial to their interests. Electromagnetic deception uses
  misleading information by injecting false data into the adversary’s EMS-dependent voice and data networks
  to inhibit the effectiveness of intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance sensor systems. EW uses the
  EMS to deceive a threat’s decision loop, making it difficult to establish an accurate perception of Army
  forces’ objective reality. EW supports all deceptions plans, both Joint military deception and tactical
  deception, using electromagnetic deception measures and scaling appropriately for the desired effect.
  Electromagnetic deception measures provide misleading signals in electromagnetic energy, for example by
  injecting false signals into a threat's sensor systems such as radar. Commander’s authority to plan and execute
  deception integrated with electromagnetic deception measures may be limited by separate EW authorities
  and rules of engagement (Technical means for deception are in CJCSI 3211.01F and AR 525-21).
  Electromagnetic Intrusion
  2-32. Electromagnetic intrusion is the intentional insertion of electromagnetic energy into transmission paths
  in any manner, with the objective of deceiving operators or of causing confusion (JP 3-85). An example of
  electromagnetic intrusion is injecting false or misleading information into an enemy's radio communications,
  acting as the enemy’s higher headquarters. Electromagnetic intrusion can also create deception or confusion
  in a threat aircraft’s intelligent flight control system, compromising the intelligent flight control system’
  neural network and the pilot’s ability to maintain control.
  Electromagnetic Jamming
  2-33. Electromagnetic jamming is the deliberate radiation, reradiation, or reflection of electromagnetic
  energy for the purpose of preventing or reducing an enemy’s effective use of the electromagnetic spectrum,
  with the intent of degrading or neutralizing the enemy’s combat capability (JP 3-85). Targets subjected to
  jamming may include radios, navigational systems, radars, and satellites. Electromagnetic jamming can
  disrupt a threat aircraft’s intelligent flight control system by jamming its sensors, denying its ability to obtain
  navigational or altitude data crucial to flight performance. Electromagnetic jamming can also prevent or
  reduce the effectiveness of an enemy’s integrated air defense system by jamming its anti-aircraft sensors used
  for targeting.
  Electromagnetic Probing
  2-34. Electromagnetic probing is the intentional radiation designed to be introduced into the devices or
  systems of an adversary for the purpose of learning the functions and operational capabilities of the devices
  or systems (JP 3-85). Electromagnetic probing involves accessing an enemy’s spectrum-dependent devices
  to obtain information about the targeted devices’ functions, capabilities, and purpose. Electromagnetic
  probing may provide information about threat capabilities and their ability to affect or detect friendly
  operations. Army forces may conduct overt electromagnetic probing to elicit a response from an enemy,
  exposing their location.
  Meaconing
  2-35. Meaconing consists of receiving radio beacon signals and rebroadcasting them on the same frequency
  to confuse navigation. Meaconing stations cause inaccurate bearings to be obtained by aircraft or ground
  stations (JP 3-85).
  ELECTROMAGNETIC PROTECTION
  2-36. Electromagnetic protection is the division of electromagnetic warfare involving actions taken to
  protect personnel, facilities, and equipment from any effects of friendly, neutral, or enemy use of the
  electromagnetic spectrum that degrade, neutralize, or destroy friendly combat capability (JP 3-85). EP
  measures eliminate or mitigate the negative impact resulting from friendly, neutral, enemy, or naturally
  occurring EMI.