text: Chapter 6
  out. Commanders initiate operations to consolidate gains as early as possible, while still in close proximity
  to enemy units, to mitigate the risks those enemy units breaking contact could generate later.
  6-242. Close operations require graphic control measures to synchronize the application of combat power,
  to ensure integration of subordinate units, to maintain maximum pressure on the enemy, and to mitigate the
  risk of fratricide within the friendly force. There is no arbitrary benefit to minimizing or maximizing the
  number of graphic control measures for a particular operation. The optimum number of graphics depends on
  the mission variables. Having many graphics provides options and agility to the plan, and this can be
  especially helpful in air-ground coordination or facilitating rapid changes of direction. Leaders balance the
  complexity of control measures. They should be simple enough for bold execution and detailed enough to
  enable agility and adaptation based on the situation. The best approach for employing control measures is to
  ensure they maximize subordinate unit freedom of action and prevent subordinate units from having more
  tasks than they can reasonably accomplish.
  6-243. Commanders adjust the employment of graphic control measures according to the situation, but they
  always consider the range and speed of subordinate unit capabilities and their overall operational tempo. As
  units move forward, rear boundaries typically require corresponding shifts to ensure the unit’s assigned area
  does not exceed its area of influence. BCTs have limited ability to control long lines of communication, and
  their tempo and endurance is affected by time and distance of resupply, casualty evacuation, and other
  sustainment considerations. Division boundaries require similar considerations, with the added complexity
  of displacing division C2 nodes to support operations. Moving a division C2 node requires careful planning
  to maintain continuous C2 of subordinate formations and avoid unnecessary tactical pauses.
  6-244. Commanders and staffs maintain situational awareness about adjacent friendly and enemy units in
  their area of interest. Although commanders and staffs have a plan for where a zone of attack will be and can
  use it to create initial boundaries and other graphic control measures, enemy forces operate independently of
  them. This means that while friendly forces have some constraints or restrictions in terms of employing
  capabilities outside of their assigned area, enemy forces do not. This requires friendly forces to understand
  what enemy capabilities outside their assigned area can influence friendly operations and closely coordinate
  responses with friendly units to the flanks and rear.
  REAR OPERATIONS DURING THE OFFENSE
  6-245. Rear operations encompass a wide range of activities directly controlled through the rear command
  post of a corps or division. Rear operations include sustainment operations, support area security, risk
  mitigation of areas not assigned to subordinate units, terrain management, movement control, coordinating
  and synchronizing protection capabilities, consolidating gains, and conducting stability operations as
  required. Corps and division reserves typically occupy positions in the rear area before their commitment,
  and they must receive priority of movement through the rear area when they are repositioned or committed.
  Rear operations contribute to the operational reach, tempo, freedom of action, endurance, and momentum of
  the whole formation.
  6-246. Rear operations must adapt to the forward progress of the attacking divisions or BCTs. This may
  require moving support units, the rear command post, and sustainment activities forward as an attack
  progresses. The rear command post typically assumes responsibility for much of the new land area gained by
  the attacking forces. The division rear command post must be prepared to assume responsibility for the land
  areas left by forward-moving forces. In particular, it must be ready to control and repair routes, manage
  terrain for follow-on support units, and assure that the division reserve can move without obstruction. These
  activities may also require the rear command post to direct the reduction of explosive ordnance threatening
  critical infrastructure or key resources.
  6-247. Tactical units move through rear areas on their way to being integrated into corps or division
  operations. These units report through the rear command post and occupy assembly areas designated by the
  rear command post until they are able to integrate with the main command post, should they be employed as
  part of close or deep operations. Long-range fires, ADA, CBRN decontamination, aviation, and reserve units
  occupy assembly areas and other positions in the rear area. Their requests for fires and other enablers, their
  use of ground and airspace, and their other operations are coordinated through the rear command post, unless
  otherwise directed by the main command post.