text: PART ONE
  Tactics Overview
  Part One introduces tactics and forms of maneuver. Chapter 1 describes the role of
  tactics, operational and mission variables, and the general considerations for tactics.
  Chapter 2 covers the movement formations, techniques, and the forms of maneuver.
  Chapter 1
  Army Tactics
  This chapter introduces the role of Army tactics and discusses how the tactics
  taxonomy nests within multidomain operations. This chapter discusses the operational
  environment, the role of tactics, and general tactical considerations by warfighting
  function that apply to offensive, defensive, and enabling operations.
  INTRODUCTION TO TACTICS
  1-1. Tactics are the employment, ordered arrangement and directed actions of forces in relation to each
  other (ADP 3-90). Units employ tactics during the conduct of operations. An operation is a sequence of
  tactical actions with a common purpose or unifying theme (JP 1, Vol 1). Tacticians use the art and science of
  tactics to maneuver and position formations. Maneuver is movement in conjunction with fires (ADP 3-90).
  The purpose of maneuver is to gain and exploit positions of relative advantage to accomplish the mission.
  (See ADP 3-90 for more information on the art and science of tactics.)
  1-2. Successful tactical operations are the result of integrating and synchronizing the warfighting functions
  in time, space, and purpose. The starting point for planning, preparing, and executing tactical operations is
  understanding the operational environment.
  THE OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
  1-3. Army forces conduct offensive, defensive, and enabling operations within operational environments
  spanning the globe. An operational environment is the aggregate of the conditions, circumstances, and
  influences that affect the employment of capabilities and bear on the decisions of the commander (JP 3-0).
  For Army forces, an operational environment consists of five domains (land, air, maritime, space, and
  cyberspace) understood through three dimensions (physical, human, and information).
  1-4. The purpose of understanding an operational environment is to aid in accounting for the totality of
  factors and conditions that impact the conduct of operations. This understanding enables leaders to better
  identify problems; anticipate potential outcomes; and understand the results of various friendly, enemy,
  adversary, and neutral actions and the effects these actions have on achieving the military end state. A
  description of an operational environment includes all the factors that the commander and staff need to
  capture and understand to inform the conduct of operations. (See FM 3-0 for more information on operational
  environments.)