text: Chapter 3
  3-30. Based on the depth of the attack against enemy forces out of friendly contact, time allocated, echelon
  and size of the attack aviation force, and the supported commander’s intent, FARPs, UAS launch and
  recovery locations, and forward C2 nodes are positioned forward to support relief on station to maintain
  sustained attacks or attacks at extended ranges.
  3-31. The inherent risks with hasty and deliberate attacks. against enemy forces out of friendly contact are
  driven by the fidelity of the enemy situation en route to, from, and in the AO; the depth and duration of the
  attack; the size and capabilities of the enemy force being attacked; the fidelity of the target location; the
  proximity and capabilities of adjacent enemy forces; the time of day and weather conditions; and the
  proximity and capabilities of friendly ground maneuver forces. To mitigate risk and when time is available,
  the assigning higher headquarters and attack aviation staffs focus the operations process on the following:
  * Target development, location, and refinement.
  * Integration of joint fires and other enablers.
  * Maximizing the use of UAS forward to confirm target location and disposition. During early
  phases of shaping prior to an attack, armed UAS may provide critical intelligence and targeting
  capabilities of enemy air defenses. During execution phases, tactical UAS flying ahead of attack
  helicopters may locate surviving air defense systems prior to them targeting manned aircraft.
  * Maximizing the use of terrain to mask maneuver along attack routes and in attack by fire
  positions.
  * Developing and coordinating ACMs to enable freedom of action for MUM-T and other ongoing
  friendly operations.
  * Planning the integration of joint fires and enablers to allow continuous target refinement, joint
  SEAD and joint EW-all of which limit enemy freedom of action.
  * Planning and developing triggers and conditions to initiate the attack.
  * Employing radio retransmission sites, aerial communications relay packages, and/or forward
  UAS ground control stations to maintain situational understanding over extended distances.
  * Positioning multiple FARPs forward to maximize weapons loads and station time while
  considering FARP survivability and capability.
  * Maximizing the element of surprise by attacking from unexpected directions and unexpected
  times with speed and audacity.
  * Executing during hours of limited visibility.
  * Conducting detailed rehearsals and employing appropriate decision support tools such as
  conditions checks, go/no-go criteria, abort criteria, and decision support matrices.
  EMPLOYMENT METHODS
  3-32. Timing is critical to successful employment of attack or reconnaissance units. Employed too early,
  the attack may culminate because of aircraft low on fuel. Aircraft arriving to their attack by fire positions
  too late may miss all or part of the targeted unit and fail to achieve mission success.
  3-33. The commander plans an attack after detailed coordination with subordinate units, support elements,
  and higher headquarters to ensure shared understanding of higher intent and the capabilities of the attack
  unit. The commander may employ subordinate units in the following methods, which are described below:
  * Continuous attack.
  * Phased attack.
  * Maximum destruction attack.
  3-34. It is important to note that these methods of employment are applicable to missions other than
  attacks. While the examples below describe employment of ACs in an AB, the concepts may be scaled
  down to platoon or AWT/SWT operations or up to battalion/squadron level. The factors described below
  should be considered whenever Army Aviation units are employed in various combinations.