text: Chapter 2
  2-67. Commanders at all echelons must avoid any commitments to, or negotiations with, local political
  elements without the approval of higher authority. Military personnel should refrain from developing or
  maintaining unofficial relationships with local officials and host-nation personnel. Soldiers must refuse
  personal favors or gifts offered by government officials or the local populace unless authorized by higher
  authority.
  GUIDELINES FOR TRANSITIONAL MILITARY AUTHORITY
  2-68. For military forces, the successful accomplishment of the mission is paramount. As long as
  operations continue, the commander must exercise the necessary control. This may involve actions related
  to host-nation personnel and the local populace. The policies and practices adopted for transitional military
  authority should reduce the possibility that civilians interfere with ongoing operations.
  2-69. To ensure operations continue unimpeded by civilians, transitional military authority focuses on
  ensuring the safety and security of civilians, restoring and maintaining law and order, building host-nation
  capability and capacity in key areas of government, and reestablishing living conditions to a normal,
  customary state. Thoroughly integrating civil affairs capabilities into the operations process helps facilitate
  unimpeded operations. Civil affairs integration supports maintaining positive interaction between military
  forces and the local people.
  2-70. Commanders develop codes of behavior that avoid violation of, or insult to, local customs and
  practices. Foreign area officers, civil affairs and intelligence staff, and chaplains provide relevant
  information on the local populace, specific aspects of culture, and general customs and behaviors. Civil
  affairs personnel and chaplains provide host-nation religious information that may restrict military use or
  targeting of religiously consecrated buildings or locations. Commanders may direct trained personnel, in
  coordination with chaplain support, to act as negotiators or mediators between opposing groups within the
  local populace. (See FM 27-10 for doctrine on customary and treaty law during land operations.)
  Treatment of the Population
  2-71. Fair treatment of the local populace can help reduce the chance that the local populace will be hostile
  to U.S. forces and increase the chance for obtaining its cooperation. The proper and just treatment of
  civilians helps military forces establish and maintain security; prevent lawlessness; promote order; and
  secure local labor, services, and supplies. Such treatment promotes a positive impression of the military
  force; the United States; and other government agencies, organizations, and institutions engaged in unified
  action. Fair treatment strengthens the legitimacy of the operation and the transitional military authority in
  the eyes of the populace, bordering nations, and other members of the international community.
  2-72. Nonetheless, a policy of proper and just treatment does not prevent the imposition of restrictive or
  punitive measures necessary to achieve objectives of the transitional military authority. Commanders
  consider imposing restrictive measures on the initial occupation or liberation of a host nation to establish
  control of the populace. Populace control measures addressing curfews, assembly, looting, reprisals, and so
  on require planning, and upon implementation, information dissemination to the populace. Furthermore,
  mission-specific rules of engagement addressing population control measures should be succinct and
  unambiguous. In particular, areas with active and aggressively hostile actors often need restrictive or
  punitive measures.
  2-73. The military’s policies for treating any population vary depending on several factors. These factors
  first include characteristics of the population, such as their attitude toward the governing forces, the degree
  of technical-industrial development, socioeconomic conditions, the political system, and local history and
  culture. Another determining factor is the policies of the United States with respect to the host-nation
  government. The commander must become familiar with host-nation customs, institutions, and attitudes
  and implement transitional military authority accordingly.