text: Chapter 6
  * Plan EA assets to defeat explosive device threats, disrupt enemy information collection,
  reconnaissance, and surveillance efforts, and detect enemy use of the EMS for targeting purposes.
  * Use scouts or other observers to identify and monitor target around the breach area prior to arrival
  of main body.
  * Refine targets based on intelligence and the knowledge of the actual breach area.
  * Plan target handoff with observers or scouts.
  * Position primary and alternate observers focused on identification of HPTs.
  * Plan priority of fires to the rupture force and then to the follow-and-assume force.
  * Plan and firing smoke to cover movement of the follow-and-assume force into the support-by-fire
  position. Fires for obscuration or screening should start before the follow-and-assume force enters
  the direct fire range of enemy systems.
  * Determine the placement (wind condition), density, and timing of obscuration smoke on enemy
  positions and screening smoke between the enemy and the reduction area.
  * Plan triggers to lift or shift fires from obscuration to suppression when necessary.
  * Plan FSCMs such as RFAs and RFLs and WLR CFZs at the breach area, support-by-fire
  position(s), and the objective once it has been secured by the rupture force.
  * Recommend that the units focus on antitank weapon systems and dismounted infantry and suggest
  additional smoke, if required.
  * Rehearse and communicate when the conditions have been met to commit the breach force.
  6-139. Once the follow-and-assume force is deployed, it must rapidly develop and disseminate a fire plan
  designating sectors of fire and observation to ensure all possible enemy positions are covered. Observation
  is particularly critical. Observers with the follow-and-support force initially bring indirect fires on enemy
  positions to fix them in place. The observers should also cue the organic FA and its R artillery to prepare
  immediate counterfire. The follow-and-assume force then adjusts obscuration. The follow-and-assume force
  is responsible for controlling fires for suppression and obscuration and for setting the conditions for the
  breach.
  6-140. Effective suppression must be applied against the enemy's fires since the rupture force will be
  exposed for a lengthy period. Air support and electronic attack is planned for and employed, if available. FA
  and mortars provide smoke for obscuration. Attack/delivery assets should be positioned to fire the mission.
  Obscuration fires can be fired simultaneously with suppressive fires so that the smoke builds before the
  friendly forces move forward. Smoke is targeted and adjusted to obscure or screen the breach from direct
  fire. It is difficult to use smoke to obscure enemy fires on the obstacle during the breach because of the close
  proximity to friendly troops. Using a combination of HE and smoke as the last rounds fired during a
  preparation on the assault objective provides some obscuration to conceal the breach area. Additional smoke
  and HE munitions may be required to keep the breach force obscured and seeking cover depending on the
  gap to be breached, the proficiency of the breach force, weather, and other factors.
  6-141. Fire control measures are essential, as both the follow-and-assume and the rupture forces are firing
  on the enemy when the operation begins. Suppression of enemy observer positions continues, and other
  enemy forces remain fixed by fires until the breach has been achieved and the enemy is destroyed or
  dislodged. The rupture force should assume control for direct fire on the assault objective as follow-and-
  assume force fires are lifted or shifted.
  6-142. The FSCOORD integrates all types of FS attack/delivery capabilities to create the conditions for the
  success of the breaching operations. FS plays a role in every fundamental of breaching, but especially during
  suppress and obscure. Below are some example FS considerations during breaching operations:
  * Synchronize with supported units to isolate the point of penetration.
  * Suppress enemy weapons systems that can engage the rupture force.
  * Obscure all likely enemy observation locations or screen friendly movement; use obscurants for
  deception in order to protect the breach site.
  * Establish CFZs on breaching sites.