text: Tactical Deception
  19-64. Units should be aware that deceptions may produce unintended and unwanted consequences.
  Believing that a threat is real, an enemy can act unpredictably. Proper planning and coordination and knowing
  the enemy can reduce the chance that deceptions will result in unfavorable action. Friendly forces consider
  second- and third-order effects of the deception plan to mitigate unintended consequences. The possibility of
  failure stems from the uncertainties surrounding how the target receives and interprets information intended
  for the target and, eventually, how it affects the target’s desired perceptions. If discovered, resources used
  for the deception may be in jeopardy. As with any military operation that puts forces at risk, leaders decide
  to use deception after a deliberate assessment that weighs opportunity against need and cost against benefit.