text: THIS CHAPTER IMPLEMENTS STANAGs 2863 and 3281.
  Chapter 3
  Air Traffic Control
  This chapter discusses the pathfinder air traffic controller, not the regular air traffic
  controller. The latter has radar and other sophisticated tools to monitor weather and
  guide aircraft. The pathfinder has only his training, so he can only advise and inform
  the pilot. Based on what the pathfinder tells him and on his own observations, the
  pilot must then decide whether to land, take off, or drop equipment or personnel.
  Unless clearly stated otherwise, “air traffic controller” refers to the pathfinder air
  traffic controller. This chapter also includes other terms peculiar to air traffic control
  (ATC) tasks.
  SECTION I. PATHFINDER AIR TRAFFIC
  The pathfinder air traffic controller uses radio or directional light signals to provide flight information, expedite
  traffic, and prevent collisions.
  SAFETY
  .
  3-1. Pathfinders issue specific commands regulating vehicles, equipment, or personnel in the
  movement area. They help with search-and-rescue operations (STANAGs 2863 and 3281). They also
  promote the safe, efficient flow of air traffic by issuing clearances, instructions, and information.
  3-2. Pathfinders survey all visible air traffic operating within and around the airspace of the LZ, DZ, or
  airfield. They also bear the responsibility for all aircraft, vehicles, and personnel in the movement area of
  the LZ, DZ, or airfield.
  3-3. Pathfinders acting as air traffic controllers provide control service by observing or knowing of
  traffic and airfield conditions that might constitute a hazard. These include—
  y Surface conditions.
  y Parachutists within control zones.
  y Vehicular traffic.
  y Temporary obstructions on or near the LZ, DZ, or airfield.
  y Other aircraft.
  y Enemy or friendly activities.
  3-4. Because of their communication capability and expertise, pathfinders might have to transmit
  medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) requests for the ground unit, the aviation unit, or even themselves.
  Therefore, they must be thoroughly familiar with request procedures and the capabilities of MEDEVAC
  aircraft.
  VOICE CONTROL
  3-5. To communicate vocally, pathfinders and pilots must speak clearly and listen to each other.
  A clear, decisive tone of voice indicates control of the situation. Pilots might mistrust instructions delivered