text: Chapter 4
  FOCUS ON FUNDAMENTALS
  4-8. Commanders and leaders keep it simple: shoot, move, communicate, and survive. Units must
  master the basics before progressing to increasingly complex tasks. A basic task training focus provides
  the foundation to build proficiency in individual tasks as the unit progresses to more complex unit collective
  tasks.
  TRAIN TO TASK MASTERY ON HIGHEST PRIORITY TASKS
  4-9. Task mastery is not a training proficiency rating but a concept that requires full understanding of a
  task, its component parts, its underlying principles, its importance, and its support to the larger mission. To
  build task mastery, units focus on fundamentals at individual, crew, squad, and platoon levels before
  proceeding to higher-level collective tasks. Organizations then gradually increase the difficulty of conditions
  under which the prioritized task is trained to include limited visibility, degraded communications, loss of key
  leaders, and unexpected changes in an operational environment. Task mastery goes beyond executing a task
  to standard through constant repetition. It entails successfully executing multiple iterations (sets and
  repetitions) of a task under the most challenging and dynamic conditions while constantly adjusting for
  changes in the operational environment and making the best use of resources.
  4-10. Prioritized training acknowledges that mission, limited time, and resources dictate that units train the
  most important tasks first. However, leaders should not settle for achieving a trained proficiency rating on
  priority tasks but strive to reach task mastery on them.
  NIGHT AND ADVERSE WEATHER TRAINING
  4-11. Units must be able to operate at night and during adverse weather conditions. Soldiers must be
  proficient in the use of night vision devices and other limited visibility equipment during operations. Units
  may conduct reverse-cycle training. In such training, units reverse the normal duty day so that training takes
  place during reduced or limited visibility. Reverse-cycle training maximizes night training opportunities to
  make the conduct of individual tasks and unit level operations routine. Conducting ranges and drivers training
  at night requires more detailed planning and additional resources to mitigate risk. Achieving task mastery at
  night requires significant leadership focus and unit discipline. Night vision devices require care and
  maintenance, light discipline requires vigilance and attention to detail, and the confidence necessary for
  effective operations during limited visibility requires repetitive exposure during training.
  LIVE-FIRE TRAINING
  4-12. Live-fire training involves movement, maneuver, and employing weapons systems in a live training
  environment using full-caliber ammunition. Live-fire training is a progressive training process culminating
  in individuals and units’ ability to maneuver safely and effectively while engaging targets using full-caliber
  ammunition. It includes prerequisite training, weapons qualification, and collective live-fire training. (See
  appendix I for details on live-fire training.)
  4-13. Live-fire training is the primary tool for training—
  * Marksmanship under field conditions.
  * Fire distribution and control.
  * Weapons confidence.
  * Synchronization of fires and their effects (platoon level and above).
  4-14. Live-fire training also provides training in—
  * Weapons systems familiarization proficiency and qualification.
  * Execution of battle tasks, drills, and mission-essential task list (known as METL) tasks in a live-
  fire environment.
  * Fire control and distribution.
  * Command and control skills in a live-fire environment.
  * Individual and unit movement and maneuver techniques under live-fire conditions.