text: Indirect Methods for Countering Insurgencies
  been imposed on them by outside agencies. A project that has been conceptualized, funded, and constructed
  at the local level legitimizes the local government in the eyes of the population and further contributes to
  stability. However, host-nation officials might lack the capacity to implement and manage the project.
  Counterinsurgents often consult development agencies to promote adequate ownership and accountability
  for projects.
  Capacity Building
  10-65. Capacity building involves the transfer of knowledge, techniques, and skills to the local people,
  institutions, and government. This transfer enables those people to develop the capabilities to deliver
  essential services to the population. Ultimately, the local officials and institutions that gain capacity are
  better prepared to lead their regions through political, economic, and security-related issues.
  Sustainability
  10-66. The principle of sustainability states that commanders should design and select projects and
  services that have a lasting effect on the local population. In other words, the impact of the projects under
  consideration must endure after forces hand over the facility or service to local authorities and the unit (or
  contractors) departure from the site. Sustainability implies that the local government has the necessary
  resources to staff and maintain the project. There are examples where commanders have failed to conduct
  adequate analysis and built new schools or medical clinics only to discover that too few teachers or doctors
  were available to staff these facilities. Similarly, some commanders have purchased large generator systems
  to address electricity shortfalls for neighborhoods within their areas of operation. However, without
  addressing the fuel, maintenance, and service requirements of these systems, the machines eventually failed
  and were unable to serve as a sustainable solution for the local electrical deficit.
  Selectivity
  10-67. The development community defines the principle of selectivity as the allocation of resources
  based on need, local commitment, and foreign policy interests. These characteristics, while strategic, are
  equally important at the tactical level. Commanders seldom receive all of the financial resources they
  would like to have when implementing their essential service, economic, and governance lines of effort.
  Therefore, commanders and staffs allocate the available resources into select areas where there is a strong
  local commitment to the reconstruction program, where the project can positively impact the most people,
  and where the project under consideration can simultaneously best achieve the commander’s intent.
  10-68. Commanders and staffs carefully research nominations, adopt best practices, and design for local
  conditions in their proposed projects. Commanders assess local conditions before investing financial
  resources into any potential relief or reconstruction program. Commanders and staffs do not invest money
  in an intelligence vacuum. They consider all available information about local conditions (such as the
  population’s requirements, animosities, traditions, capabilities, and economics). A detailed assessment of
  local conditions will best inform the commander on the project’s potential to deliver its desired effects.
  Each project should have a clearly defined, decisive, and attainable objective. Commanders and staffs must
  assess potential unintended results from their integrated monetary shaping operations. Many second or third
  order negative effects from a project may potentially outweigh the benefits from the original commander’s
  intent.
  Partnership
  10-69. The principle of partnership involves close collaboration with local governments, communities,
  donors, nonprofit organizations, the private sector, international organizations, and universities. Partnership
  plays a central role in any relief, reconstruction, or development program, as it supports each of the other
  principles of reconstruction and development. In the context of money in integrated monetary shaping
  operations, effective partnership ensures the unit’s financial resources are well invested and synchronized
  to support the host nation’s internal defense and development programs and support other U.S. government
  strategic objectives for the country.