text: Chapter 2
  2-8. Guerrillas may continue in their normal positions in society and lead clandestine lives for the
  insurgent movement. Guerrillas tend to organize themselves based upon the activity they will be
  conducting. Those focused on using terrorism usually operate individually or in small cells and are often
  armed with explosives instead of weapons. Guerrilla bands, historically, have lived in remote areas
  and conducted raids on HN government infrastructure. Historical examples of guerrillas include the
  Maquis in World War II France, the Viet Cong in the Vietnam War and the Mahdi Army in Iraq.
  UNDERGROUND
  2-9. The underground is a cellular organization of active supporters of the insurgency, which may
  contain an element that works in the HN government. Keeping the nature of their work for the insurgency
  secret is often paramount to them. They are more engaged than the auxiliaries are and may at times be
  guerrillas, if they use weapons or conduct combat operations. They operate in all areas; especially in areas
  denied to any established guerrilla force and where operations are not suitable for guerrilla forces.
  They conduct clandestine, covert, and overt operations, sometimes infiltrating the HN government.
  Members of the underground often continue in their normal positions in society, but lead second,
  clandestine lives for the insurgent movement. Some insurgencies are unique in that they conduct most
  of their political activities inside the underground while a different section trains recruits, maintains
  propaganda, and helps in population control. The underground may—
  • Spread propaganda.
  • Support sabotage, assassination and subversion.
  • Support intelligence and counterintelligence operations.
  • Run safe houses.
  • Provide transportation.
  • Manufacture and maintain arms and explosives.
  AUXILIARIES
  2-10. An auxiliary is the support element of the insurgency. Auxiliaries are active sympathizers who
  provide important logistical services but do not directly participate in combat operations. If they participate
  in guerrilla activities, they become guerrillas. Auxiliaries may work full time or part time for the
  insurgency and generally conduct safer activities than the underground. They often include women,
  children and other individuals that tend to be less scrutinized by counterinsurgent forces. Examples
  of auxiliaries include shepherds or street merchants that may openly operate near a counterinsurgent base
  and provide intelligence on that site. Examples of support that auxiliaries provide include—
  • Store weapons and supplies.
  • Perform courier operations.
  • Provide passive intelligence collection.
  • Give early warning of counterinsurgent movements.
  • Acquire funds from lawful and unlawful sources.
  • Provide forged or stolen documents.
  • Promote and facilitate desertion of security forces.
  • Recruit and screen new members.
  • Create and spread propaganda.
  • Provide medical support.
  • Manufacture and maintain equipment.
  MASS BASE
  2-11. The mass base consists of the population of the state who are sympathetic to the insurgent
  movement. This sympathy varies between the specific elements within the population such as religious
  and ethnic groups and within those specific elements themselves. This mass base, by default, passively