text: Chapter 6
  * The availability of observers to identify and adjust targets.
  6-161. Rear area operations are conducted to ensure friendly forces retain freedom of action to support
  combat forces engaged in deep and close area operations. The focus is on protecting the most critical
  capabilities and attacking bypassed enemy forces. There are not enough FA assets to dedicate firing units to
  rear area support as their sole or primary mission. Additionally, surface fires may not be the most responsive
  asset available for FS in the rear area, given range and clearance requirements. The FSCOORD assigns
  support relationships to corps or division rear area operations. They meet these requirements by assigning
  GS and GSR relationships to FA units able to range the rear area while continuing to perform their primary
  missions in support of deep and close operations.
  6-162. Fires must be planned in support of maneuver forces conducting reconnaissance and establishing
  security while eliminating pockets of resistance in the rear area. Fires are planned to support forces
  conducting a hasty defense to block possible enemy counter attacks. FS and fire planning must be tailored to
  the more restrictive ROE and the potential congestion of the rear area. The most responsive FS assets in the
  rear area are Army armed attack aviation, CAS, armed UAS and mortars.
  6-163. All maneuver forces assigned to the rear area must have adequate FS assets to execute fires in support
  of area security, base and base cluster security, and defense. FS assets will destroy enemy remnants, enemy
  SOF, and protect forces transiting through the rear area. FS attack/delivery systems located in the rear area
  do not constitute FS in reserve. For example, FA units supporting the TCF or other units in the rear areas are
  committed FA. Other considerations for FS in the rear areas are:
  * Army aviation or CAS aircraft may be the most responsive FS asset for use in the rear areas.
  Attack helicopters provide one of the most rapidly available assets to engage rear area incursions.
  Army aviation also may be used to rapidly displace towed artillery to critical firing positions.
  Commanders should consider allocating dedicated CAS missions to the rear area.
  * Terrain management, airspace management, and clearance of fires present unique challenges to
  FS in the rear area. The rear area CP must be augmented with FS personnel to address these
  challenges (to include JTACs).
  * Since the TCF is considered a committed force, the functions for FS coordination apply. This
  coordination includes a DS BN supporting a brigade size TCF. A BN size TCF is supported by a
  cannon battery.
  * The allocation of some of the artillery committed to the TCF for support of the overall rear area
  may be appropriate since one BN split into battery fire bases could cover a considerable area of
  the rear area until the TCF is committed to ensure 6400 mil coverage. Also, consider the use of
  FA units undergoing reconstitution operations as partially available to provide a level of FS for
  the rear area.
  * FSCMs must be more restrictive to protect friendly units. Permissive FSCMs must be approved
  by the division or corps FSE.
  * Consider leveraging multinational FS attack/delivery platforms that are not permitted to conduct
  offensive operations by national caveats but are permitted to conduct defensive operations.
  Airspace Control In The Rear Area
  6-164. Divisions require the capability to control airspace while corps participate in airspace control
  through the commander’s guidance and subordinate divisions. The commander’s priorities, timing, and
  effects as well as the airspace control appendix of the operations order (Appendix 10 to Annex C) provide
  guidance on the use of airspace. Airspace control in the consolidation and support areas may be accomplished
  by a variety of methods. For example, the JFC designated airspace coordination area may delegate airspace
  control to a division responsible for the rear area which enables the corps to coordinate airspace for fires and
  other airspace users.
  6-165. If the corps is primarily conducting rear operations to consolidate gains, then it may choose to
  temporarily locate a division JAGIC at the corps CP to maintain situational awareness of the entire rear area.
  The nature of corps sustainment operations and long-range fires requires a responsive airspace control
  system. To account for anticipated surface fires, the corps should include specific coordination measures (to
  include position areas for artillery and missile flight paths) as part of their unit airspace plan.