text: Chapter 2
  OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE, ARMY (OMA)
  2-90. Purpose. The Army’s OMA funding comes from three appropriations: Operation and Maintenance,
  Army (OMA), Operation and Maintenance, Army Reserves (OMAR), Operation and Maintenance, Army
  National Guard (OMANG). Operation and maintenance Army appropriations pay for the day-to-day
  expenses of Army units in garrison, and during exercises, deployments, and military operations. However,
  there are threshold dollar limitations for certain types of expenditures, such as purchases of major end items
  of equipment and construction of permanent facilities. Once expended, OMA accounts may be replenished
  for specific operations through supplemental appropriations from Congress, reprogramming actions, or the
  UN.
  2-91. General Guidance. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS) provides an execute order to a
  combatant commander describing mission requirements. Normally, the combatant commanders’ Service
  components fund their participation in the operation with OMA funds. Service components use OMA to
  fund its Title 10 responsibilities for subordinate units and any additional responsibilities when designated
  as executive agent for a particular function or type of support. Typically, a 1-year appropriation, OMA
  funds available for a specific fiscal year (FY) must be obligated in that FY (1 October – 30 September).
  * OMA funds can support minor construction with funded construction costing less than
  $750,000.
  Note: It is no longer a legally viable option to fund minor construction requirements to
  eliminate a life, health, and safety issue, if funded construction costs are less than $1.5
  million.OMA funds cannot be used to procure equipment or systems that cost in excess of
  $250,000. This $250,000 limit is known as the expense/investment threshold. This limit and
  other similar limitations involving the use of OMA funds are the current thresholds established
  by Congress and are subject to change. Examples: OMA funds were used to sustain daily
  operations of Army forces in operations (i.e. Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom), and funding
  daily requirements from contractual support to leases for non-tactical vehicles.
  MILITARY PERSONNEL (MILPERS)
  2-92. Purpose. The Army’s MILPERS funding comes from 3 appropriations: Military Personnel Army
  (MPA), Reserve Personnel Army (RPA), and National Guard Personnel Army (NGPA). MPA is used for
  pay, allowances, individual clothing, subsistence, interest on deposits, gratuities, and permanent change of
  station travel (including all expenses for organizational movements) for members of the active Army and
  mobilized reserve and guard Soldiers.
  2-93. General Guidance. MPA is generally available for one fiscal year and is centrally managed and
  funded. It supports theater bottled water and raw food acquisition in theater for military (note: for civilians,
  raw food is funded with OMA). Since MPA is centrally managed, plan in advance for the use of MPA
  funding to ensure receipt of funding in time to satisfy the requirement.
  Examples: MPA is used by Multi-National Corps – fund bottled water requirements.