text: _________________________________________________________________________________Chapter 6
  surveillance from their orbits. The OPFOR can use three basic types of reconnais-
  sance satellites: photographic, early warning, and signals reconnaissance.
  Photographic
  6-31. Satellite reconnaissance is not as flexible as other types of reconnais-
  sance, because a satellite only reconnoiters an area when its orbit takes it
  into range. As a result, the OPFOR uses specialized photographic reconnais-
  sance satellites to record designated enemy activity. Satellites may photo-
  graph an area 40 to 50 km wide from an altitude of 200 to 250 km.
  Early Warning
  6-32. Early warning satellite orbits cross over foreign countries and the
  oceans. The satellites might be used to detect infrared signatures from inter-
  continental ballistic missile (ICBM) launches or the deployment of enemy troops.
  Signals Reconnaissance
  6-33. The OPFOR could use several classes of signals reconnaissance satel-
  lites to gather information on the electronic order of battle. Signals recon-
  naissance satellites locate C2 nodes, battlefield radars, and forward units.
  Some might also monitor transoceanic shipping and air traffic. Another func-
  tion could be to detect unknown electronic signatures that might indicate the
  presence of new equipment.
  Distance in Kilometers
  10 20 40 60 100 200 400 800
  1. Satellite No Limit
  2. Air
  a. Photographic Reconnaissance 600
  b. UAV (RPV and Drone) 300+
  3. Electronic Intercept and Direction Finding Against
  a. Artillery and Air Defense Radars 25 50
  b. VHF/UHF (low / high power) 30 80
  c. HF Ground Wave 80+
  d. HF Sky Wave No Limit
  e. Airborne Radar and Communications (Visual Limits)
  4. Special Reconnaissance
  a. Theater SPF Assets 100-500+
  b. OSC SPF Assets 100-500
  c. From Division Long-Range
  100
  Reconnaissance Company
  5. Mechanized Reconnaissance
  a. Patrols from Division
  Reconnaissance Battalion 50+
  b. Patrols from Brigade
  Reconnaissance Company 50
  6. Artillery Observation
  a. Surveillance andCountermortar/
  20+
  CounterbatteryRadars
  b. Sound Ranging 25
  c. Flash Spotting (Visual Limits)
  d. RPV 60
  Figure 6-1. Effective Ranges of Reconnaissance Assets