text: Chapter 2
  CIVIL-MILITARY INTEGRATION
  2-106. Successful military operations place an increased emphasis on civil considerations in order to
  achieve U.S. goals and objectives. By design, CA forces seek out and work with the civilian populations,
  private entities, government institutions, international organizations, NGOs, interagency, and multinational
  partners that reside or operate in and around an AO or area of interest. Bringing these capabilities and
  resources together under the influence of the commander and across the competition continuum, enables
  CAO to integrate, coordinate, and synchronize civil capabilities and resources within the area. CMI is the
  requirement of the CA force to incorporate the interests, functions, capabilities, and vulnerabilities of these
  nonmilitary groups into military plans and operations to enable unity of effort. CMI fosters unified action
  with the military force to achieve a desired outcome through the collaboration, integration, and
  synchronization of partner knowledge and capabilities.
  Civil-Military Integration in Somalia
  In 1992, Soldiers of the 96th Civil Affairs Battalion deployed to Somalia in support of
  Operation Restore Hope. Their primary mission was to conduct liaison between military
  commanders, local leaders, and members of NGOs. This was accomplished through
  the staffing of Humanitarian Operations Centers (HOCs) in Humanitarian Relief
  Sectors throughout Somalia. CA forces conducted medical and engineer assessments
  of facilities, coordinated medical and engineer civic action projects, and conducted
  liaison between military forces and local Somali communities.
  Relations between the CA forces, NGOs, and local communities were generally
  positive in nature. The Somalis respected the CA function as liaison between military
  security forces and NGOs. This respect and access allowed for CA forces to better
  map and understand the factional dynamics and coordinate actions between NGOs,
  locals, and military elements.
  2-107. There are two primary CMI actions that CA forces conduct within this construct. CA forces establish
  a civil-military information sharing architecture and establish a CMOC. These actions are executed
  exclusively by CA forces at all echelons, or by partner or allied forces augmented with properly manned and
  equipped CAO staff elements. Properly executed CMI—through the use of civil networks—increases shared
  understanding of the OE through information and knowledge transfer with unified action partners, preserves
  combat power through increased capacity of civilian administration, and consolidates gains through rapid
  stabilization efforts.
  ESTABLISH CIVIL-MILITARY INFORMATION SHARING ARCHITECTURE
  2-108. One of the most important actions to ensure CMI establishment is to create a civil-military information
  sharing architecture. CA forces establish a civil-military information architecture (that is, information exchange
  systems and processes) to share information between CA forces and applicable partners, such as—
  * Developed or existing civil networks.
  * Coalition forces.
  * NGOs and governmental organizations.
  * Host-nation governments.
  * Elements of the private sector.
  2-109. A well-defined and well-designed civil information architecture provides the best mechanism to
  support understanding of the civil component of the OE. The OE includes natural and human-made terrain;
  friendly, neutral, and threat elements among civil populations and government institutions; and the
  interactions between the civil populace and key terrain in the civil component. In austere environments, CA
  forces may have limited access to U.S. Army mission command systems, or even electricity. CA forces and
  staffs may adapt their civil information architecture to concepts that can be written in text or posted on white