text: Chapter 12
  station to exchange information between airborne, land-based, and shipboard systems. The system uses the
  M-series messages.
  12-6. Link 11B is a secure, full duplex, point-to-point digital data link using serial transmission frame
  characteristics and standard message formats at either 600, 1,200, or 2,400 bits per second. The system uses
  M-series messages, which can be exchanged using ultra-high frequency or landline communications.
  12-7. PADIL is a Patriot system internal data link. It has a high capacity, full-duplex, and line-of-sight/point-
  to-point radio system. Its normal routing is between fire units and the ICC, although it can also link to another
  battalion’s ICC. The radio system interfaces up to 11 bit rates up to almost 9000 kilobits per second. Digital
  traffic includes high quality digital voice equipment with a data service channel. Analog voice for circuit
  installation and maintenance is available for additional communications between operators using a handset
  directly attached to the radio set.
  12-8. FDL is used with the FAAD C2 system and passes information, including targeting information,
  between the Sentinel radar C2 node, Avenger battery and platoons, Avenger platforms (squads), and C-RAM
  battery and platoon. FAAD C2 includes an AMDWS and an air defense system integrator (also known as
  ADSI). A variant of FAAD C2, C-RAM C2, is used to support C-RAM systems.
  12-9. ATDL-1 is a legacy secure, full duplex, point-to-point digital data link using serial transmission frame
  characteristics and standard message formats at a basic speed of 1200 bits per second. It is used to
  interconnect tactical air control systems and Army or Marine Corps tactical AMD systems. ATDL-1 can be
  exchanged using ultra-high frequency, very high frequency, or landline communications. The capability to
  link with ATDL-1 systems provides a means to exchange air and missile data with some multinational
  partners using this data link.
  12-10. C2BMC is a vital operational system that provides the U.S. President and Secretary of Defense a
  common operating picture. It also enables combatant commanders at strategic, regional, and operational
  levels to systematically plan missile defense operations, collectively see the battle develop, and dynamically
  direct designated networked sensors and weapons systems to achieve global and regional mission objectives.
  The worldwide distributed and regional combatant command C2BMC architecture provides operational
  flexibility to engage both strategic- and theater-level ballistic missile threats and affords each command the
  flexibility to tailor system behavior and data sharing to satisfy unique mission objectives.
  12-11. CEC is a real-time, sensor-netting system that enables high-quality situational awareness and an
  integrated fire control capability. It is used on selected Aegis cruisers and destroyers, amphibious ships,
  aircraft carriers, and selected Hawkeye aircraft. Its two major hardware pieces are the cooperative
  engagement processor, which collects and fuses sensor data, and the data distribution system, which
  exchanges data between participating CEC units. CEC increases Naval AMD capabilities by integrating
  sensors and weapon assets into a single real-time network that enhances situational awareness, increases
  depth-of-fire, enables longer intercept ranges, and improves decision and reaction times. Targeting data from
  CEC can be passed onto link 16.
  LINK 16
  12-12. Link 16, also known as tactical data link-J, is the Department of Defense’s primary tactical data link
  for command, control, and intelligence, providing critical joint interoperability and situational understanding
  information and supporting AMD engagements. It is used by the joint services, some nations of the North
  Atlantic Treaty Organization, and Japan.
  12-13. Link 16 is a relatively high-speed link. It has a capability to transfer data of over 50 kilobits per
  second. It uses an L-band transceiver and has its own frequency hopping algorithm and internal encryption.
  It provides technical and operational improvements to older capabilities, including spread spectrum
  frequency hopping over 51 discrete frequencies, increased data rate, data volume and granularity, hardware
  size and weight reduction, digital secure voice capability, relative navigation, improved security, jam-
  resistance, seamless network entry and exit, precise position and location information, and increased numbers
  of participants.
  12-14. Link 16 uses the Joint Tactical Information Distribution System radio or the Multifunctional
  Information Distribution System radio. Both radios operate in a line-of-sight frequency band. Other radios