text: Fighting for Intelligence During Large-Scale Combat Operations
  DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS (FRIENDLY)
  8-58. Enemy commanders conducting offensive operations identify probable enemy objectives and possible
  enemy avenues of approach (AAs) to achieve them. The G-2/S-2 must understand enemy capabilities in all
  domains; this is critical to devising the most effective friendly defensive schemes. Identifying enemy
  limitations assists in determining opportunities to exploit friendly advantages. Enemy forces employ
  reconnaissance, EW, information warfare, and other capabilities during offensive operations. Figure 8-3
  depicts a notional enemy offensive operation.
  Figure 8-3. Notional enemy offensive operation
  8-59. During friendly defensive operations, enemy forces employ precision fires, other long-range fires, and
  nonlethal capabilities (such as cyberspace and EW) to attack friendly C2 and key supporting and sustaining
  capabilities. Friendly forces aim to prepare defensive positions and set conditions while the enemy attempts
  to set the timing of, location of, and conditions for battle. The three basic friendly defensive operations are
  area defense, mobile defense, and retrograde. Successful defenses apply the following characteristics (see
  ADP 3-90):
  ⚫ Disruption—deceiving or destroying enemy reconnaissance forces, breaking up combat
  formations, separating echelons, and impeding an enemy force’s ability to synchronize its
  combined arms.
  ⚫ Flexibility—developing plans that anticipate a range of enemy actions and allocate resources
  accordingly.
  ⚫ Maneuver—achieving and exploiting a position of physical advantage over an enemy force.
  ⚫ Mass and concentration—creating overwhelming combat power at specific locations to support
  the main effort.
  ⚫ Depth—engaging multiple enemy echelons, enemy long-range fires, sustainment, and C2.
  ⚫ Preparation—preparing the defense before attacking enemy forces arrive.
  ⚫ Security—conducting security, protection, information activities, OPSEC, and cyberspace and
  EW tasks.