text: Foundations of Counterinsurgency
  development, environmental protection, human rights, and conflict resolution; or encouraging the
  establishment of democratic institutions and civil society. (JP 1-02). There are several thousand NGOs
  of many different types. NGO activities are governed by their organizing charters and their members’
  motivations. Typical NGOs that tactical units may encounter include—
  • Médecins sans Frontières (Doctors without Borders).
  • Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere (CARE).
  • Oxford Committee for Famine Relief (OXFAM).
  • Save the Children.
  INDIGENOUS POPULATION AND INSTITUTIONS
  3-20. IPI is the civilian construct of an area of operations to include its population, governmental, tribal,
  commercial, and private organizations and entities. The population includes legal citizens, legal and illegal
  immigrants, and all categories of dislocated civilians. As stated earlier, this is the most important group
  for counterinsurgent units to protect, engage, and synchronize actions.
  MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND CONTRACTORS
  3-21. Multinational corporations often engage in reconstruction, economic development, security
  and governance activities. At a minimum, commanders should know which companies are present in their
  AO and where those companies are conducting business. Such information can prevent fratricide
  and destruction of private property.
  INTERAGENCY COORDINATION IN COIN
  3-22. A tactical unit conducting COIN operations can expect to work with a wide range of agencies and
  will be expected to track, manage, support, and coordinate with all of these agencies, some of whose
  agendas or desired outcomes may or may not coincide with the overall COIN effort. Commanders at all
  levels will have to overcome many challenges and work to integrate all the agencies organizations present
  in the AO, so that everyone works towards a common end state.
  3-23. Challenges to the integration of military and civilian agencies include different organizational
  cultures, capabilities and structures. Some civilian organizations may not be trained and equipped
  to operate in austere, unsecured environments or they may not be able to sustain themselves in remote
  areas. Some organizations may be averse to assuming risk, which may hinder the overall COIN effort.
  Military and governmental organizations are heavily dependent on establishing and implementing their
  internal operating procedures and they are often reluctant to adapt or change those procedures
  to accommodate the addition of new actors. Different expectations amongst the organizations can also
  serve to further heighten tensions and create friction among agencies.
  3-24. US government and civilian agencies provide capabilities critical to the successful
  accomplishment of the counterinsurgency mission. Most agencies have their own budgets, and often will
  have more robust financial capabilities than military units. An effective interagency effort can use all of the
  organizations’ budgets in a complementary way to facilitate stability and development efforts. Civilian
  agencies can also provide links to strategic resources that may not be available to tactical units. They may
  also have access to information, resources and enablers that can help military units develop a
  comprehensive understanding of the operational environment.
  3-25. Military forces have several complementary characteristics that can be of value to other agencies.
  The most obvious is the ability to provide security and transportation assets. Military forces also have the
  ability to provide an accurate assessment of whether an area is ready for or capable of supporting essential
  services and economic development projects. Once these indicators become apparent, counterinsurgent
  forces have the ability to provide logistical support, security, and expertise to a project.
  3-26. The formation of effective civil-military teams creates complementary capabilities that mitigate
  the inherent weaknesses of both the counterinsurgent force and civilian agencies. Effective interagency