text: Fighting for Intelligence During Large-Scale Combat Operations
  8-95. Frequent CP movements with short halts challenge units’ abilities to reestablish the intelligence
  architecture. Integrating new personnel—for example, when personnel arrive as replacements for lost or
  undeployable personnel—can challenge. These personnel may require unit-oriented training or specified
  network certifications not previously received, and they must quickly familiarize themselves with local SOPs.
  8-96. Adverse weather and terrain conditions in the AO can negatively affect Soldiers’ and units’ abilities to
  establish and revise an intelligence architecture. Weather, such as extreme temperatures (hot and cold), extreme
  winds, and dust can adversely affect equipment performance and impede Soldiers’ abilities to perform
  intelligence architecture related tasks in exposed conditions. Restrictive terrain can also adversely affect the
  intelligence architecture. For example, line-of-sight communications blocked by intervening terrain or limited
  space available for locating a CP may force units to locate intelligence systems in inconvenient locations.
  8-97. Enemy and threat actions against U.S. and multinational partner communications can threaten and
  adversely affect intelligence architecture operations. Spare parts and replacement systems may not be
  available to maintain components or replace damaged or destroyed physical components of the intelligence
  architecture. Enemy cyberspace attacks and EAs can also degrade the intelligence architecture.
  8-98. These conditions and situations that can occur during operations are not all-inclusive. When planning
  the intelligence architecture during ongoing operations, the G-2/S-2 and intelligence staff must consider these
  factors as well as—
  ⚫ Developing, managing, and revising the intelligence architecture as mission requirements change.
  ⚫ The survivability and resiliency of systems and networks.
  ⚫ The redundancy of systems and networks.
  ⚫ Contingencies and PACE planning in the event of the physical destruction of systems and
  networks.
  ⚫ DDIL communications environments.
  8-99. Planning as well as practiced unit drills can anticipate the integration of new units once in theater.
  Contested communications environments require active, aggressive communications security measures and
  activities. Flexible, adaptive, and creative thinking and actions can mitigate many of the challenges and risks
  to intelligence architectures. For example—
  ⚫ Creatively using systems to reroute data and information can overcome transport obstacles and
  challenges in a DDIL communications environment.
  ⚫ Prioritizing and tailoring data and information to the right point at the right time can ease
  transport congestion.
  ⚫ Ensuring noncommissioned officers are trained as trainers and have effective, practiced training
  plans can assist in integrating new Soldiers, especially once the unit is deployed in theater.
  Note. The G-2/S-2 must articulate how the intelligence architecture supports the commander’s
  objectives and desired end state. Successful tactical operations depend on the commander’s
  understanding of the intelligence warfighting function (including the intelligence architecture) and
  integration of intelligence into operations.
  INTELLIGENCE PREPARATION OF THE OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT AND INFORMATION
  REQUIREMENTS
  8-100. For the commander and staff, IPOE is critical to understanding the OE and setting the conditions for
  successful operations. Pre-mission analysis of the OE facilitates effective IPOE. During the MDMP, the
  intelligence staff leads IPOE and conducts continuous intelligence analysis to understand the OE and the
  options it presents to friendly and threat capabilities. For example, threat databases and signatures developed
  during pre-mission analysis of the OE assist in assessing threat capabilities and vulnerabilities during IPOE.
  This information facilitates operational planning during the MDMP and provides a common understanding
  of the OE.