text: Multidomain Operations and Intelligence
  2-37. Table 2-5 lists several operational aspects and intelligence, threat, and other OE considerations
  associated with the space domain.
  Table 2-5. Space domain operational aspects and intelligence and other considerations
  Space domain
  The space domain is the area above the altitude where atmospheric effects on airborne objects become negligible (FM 3-0).
  Like land, maritime, and air domains, space is a physical domain where military, civil, and commercial activities are conducted.
  The U.S. Space Command is responsible for planning and executing operations, activities, and missions in the space domain.
  Activities in the space domain enable freedom of action in all other domains, and operations in the other domains can create
  effects in and through space. (See FM 3-14.)
  Threat and other operational
  Operational aspects Army intelligence considerations
  environment considerations
  • Commanders and staffs must
  understand how to employ or
  coordinate for Army or joint space and
  counterspace control assets to deny,
  degrade, disrupt, or deceive adversary
  space-based and counterspace-based
  capabilities to achieve relative • Army intelligence must—
  advantages during operations. ▪Leverage the intelligence
  • Proliferation of advanced space architecture, including intelligence
  technology provides access to space- from the intelligence community on
  enabled technologies to most of the the space domain.
  Nation’s threats. ▪Collaborate, participate in Threat capability examples:
  • Some adversaries have their own exercises, and build intelligence • Space intelligence collection.
  space capabilities, while commercial relationships with the Army Space
  • Space C2 and communications.
  capabilities allow universal access to and Missile Command, CCMDs,
  • Ground stations, space control, and
  space capabilities with military and unified action partners.
  infrastructure.
  applications. ▪Build an understanding of and
  • Disruption of friendly space
  • Specific capabilities provide— integrate with space and
  capabilities.
  ▪Information collection. counterspace capabilities.
  Other operational environment
  ▪Early warning. • Support other Services, CCMDs, and
  examples:
  ▪Target acquisition. unified action partners in conducting
  • Dual commercial- and military-space
  ▪EW. detailed assessments on threat
  activities.
  ▪Communications. space-ground stations,
  • Space weather trends and forecasts.
  ▪Positioning, navigation, and timing. communications, and infrastructure,
  • Commercial space activities.
  ▪Environmental monitoring. as appropriate.
  • Commercial space infrastructure.
  • Space and counterspace operations • Provide Army forces, in conjunction
  • Emerging space technology.
  depend on cyberspace and the with the space operations officer and
  electromagnetic spectrum; space staff weather officer, considerations
  capabilities provide critical portions of for space weather and space weather
  cyberspace bandwidth. effects on intelligence activities,
  • Commanders and staffs cannot information collection, and support to
  assume unconstrained use of space- operations security.
  based capabilities, including
  communications.
  • Army forces must be prepared to
  operate under the conditions of a
  denied, degraded, and disrupted
  space domain.
  C2 command and control EW electromagnetic warfare
  CCMD combatant command FM field manual