text: Planning
  during the capability development phase of the deception plan can go a long way toward alleviating
  deficiencies. For information on development of data collection plans, see chapter 4.
  INTELLIGENCE SUPPORT
  2-78. MDOs frequently make informed assumptions on various topics to continue planning. In addition to
  RFIs associated with completing the deception event schedule, MDOs often require a high level of detail and
  predictive analysis. Information on potential deception conduits comes from many sources and must be
  collected and available so a commander can execute a deception plan with confidence. Once combat
  operations have begun and U.S. forces have disrupted or neutralized enemy pre-conflict military decision-
  making structure and flow, access to sensors, and decision-making support networks, the conduits should be
  reassessed. Rapid enemy adaptation to new conditions in an operational environment requires equally agile
  friendly intelligence support. Unless deception RFIs are aligned with the priority intelligence requirements,
  or the deception plan is supported with dedicated intelligence analysis and resources, the deception plan is at
  risk of becoming desynchronized or ineffective.
  2-79. Focused intelligence support is essential to the successful planning, execution, and assessment of any
  deception. A well-constructed deception plan requires substantive intelligence support. Intelligence supports
  the execution of effective deception in five ways:
  * Identifies enemy decision makers and the information conduits associated with them.
  * Helps complete the deception estimate. Begun during mission analysis, the deception estimate is
  the foundation for effective deception planning as well as subsequent execution and assessment.
  * Supports the conduit analysis step of the deception planning process.
  * Ensures the collection plan supports the development, collection, and analysis of planned
  deception measures of performance (MOPs), MOEs, and indicators.
  * Identifies and confirms instances of enemy deception and supporting counterdeception
  exploitation.
  2-80. Deception plans employed at any level of conflict (tactical, operational, and strategic) impose special
  requirements for information collection and intelligence production. Examples of such specialized
  intelligence production include—
  * Studies of the enemy’s decision-making responsibilities, logic, processes, and procedures.
  * Technical and operational assessments of the enemy’s intelligence collection, processing,
  production, and dissemination systems (strategic, operational, and tactical).
  * Emulative assessments of how the enemy sees an operational environment and perceives U.S.
  forces, including expectations about intentions and capabilities.
  2-81. MDOs thoroughly analyze and anticipate intelligence support requirements, making information needs
  and commander’s critical intelligence requirements known to supporting intelligence collection and
  production organizations.
  2-82. The planning and execution of deception operations demands a highly responsive system for managing
  relevant information collection and intelligence support. Because of the often highly specialized nature of
  the information and intelligence required, the sensitivity of the operation, and its special security
  requirements, the MDO must develop internal information and intelligence synch matrixes. Although the
  specific content and subject matter of these matrixes may fundamentally differ from the types of information
  required of more traditional military operations, the basic objective is the same in all cases: to ensure the
  timely, sufficient, and reliable flow of information and intelligence throughout all phases of the planning and
  execution of the operation. Each deception operation requires a deception matrix. The matrix is a detailed
  catalog of the specific information required to accomplish every element of the deception. The deception
  matrix identifies when that information is required and establishes the criticality of the information to
  deception planning and execution.
  2-83. A deception plan is important to the overall success of the operation. MDOs prepare it in a
  comprehensive and systematic manner and follow a format that facilitates the coordination and integration
  of all supporting information sources and agencies. The plan is a dynamic tool that is continuously refined
  and adapted as the operation proceeds.