text: Chapter 8
  of an effect. MOEs help measure changes in conditions, both positive and negative. MOEs help to answer
  the question “Are we doing the right things?” MOEs are commonly found and tracked in formal assessment
  plans. Examples of MOEs for the objective to “Provide a safe and secure environment” may include—
  (cid:122) Decrease in insurgent activity.
  (cid:122) Increase in population trust of host-nation security forces.
  8-221. An MOP is a criterion used to assess friendly actions that is tied to measuring task accomplishment.
  MOPs help answer questions such as “Was the action taken?” or “Were the tasks completed to standard?” A
  MOP confirms or denies that a task has been properly performed. MOPs are commonly found and tracked at
  all levels in execution matrixes. MOPs are also commonly used to evaluate training during SFA missions
  conducted by the BCT. MOPs help to answer the question “Are we doing things rights?”
  8-222. At the most basic level, every Soldier assigned a task maintains a formal or informal checklist to
  track task completion. The status of those tasks and subtasks are MOPs. Similarly, operations consist of a
  series of collective tasks sequenced in time, space, purpose and resources to accomplish missions. Current
  operations integration cells use MOPs in execution matrixes and running estimates to track completed tasks.
  The uses of MOPs are a primary element of battle tracking. MOPs focus on the friendly force. Evaluating
  task accomplishment using MOPs is relatively straightforward and often results in a yes or no answer.
  Examples of MOPs include—
  (cid:122) Route X cleared.
  (cid:122) Generators delivered, are operational and are secured at villages A, B, and C.
  SECTION V – SECURITY FORCE ASSISTANCE
  8-223. SFA contributes to unified action by the U.S. Government to support the development of the capacity
  and capability of FSF and their supporting institutions, whether of a partner nation or an intergovernmental
  organization (regional security organization). The development of capacity and capability is integral to
  successful stability missions and extends to all organizations and personnel under partner nation control that
  have a mission of securing its population and protecting its sovereignty from internal and external threats.
  FSF are considered to be duly constituted foreign military, paramilitary, police, and constabulary forces such
  as border police, coast guard, and customs organizations, as well as prison guards and correctional personnel,
  and their supporting institutions.
  OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
  8-224. SFA activities are conducted to organize, train, equip, rebuild (or build), and advise FSF from the
  ministerial/department level down through the tactical units. The Department of Defense maintains
  capabilities for SFA through conventional forces, special operations forces, the civilian expeditionary
  workforce, and when necessary contractor personnel in both joint operational area and a non-joint operational
  area environment. SFA activities require carefully selected and properly trained and experienced personnel
  (as trainers or advisors) who are not only subject matter experts, but also have the sociocultural
  understanding, language skills, and seasoned maturity to more effectively relate to and train FSF. Ideally,
  SFA activities help build the FSF capacity to train their own forces independent of sustained U.S.
  Government efforts.
  Note. With, through, and by. Describes the process of interaction with FSF that initially involves
  training and assisting (interacting “with” the forces). The next step in the process is advising,
  which may include advising in combat situations (acting “through” the forces). The final phase is
  achieved when FSF operate independently (act “by” themselves) (see Department of Defense
  Instruction 5000.68 for additional information).
  SUPPORT TO SERVICEANDJOINT OPERATIONS AND MISSIONS
  8-225. SFA activities are conducted across the range of military operations and across the competition
  continuum (from peace through war), supporting Service and joint operations and missions (figure 8-2).