text: Chapter 5
  Figure 5-2. Short count, long count.
  OFFSHORE NAVIGATION
  5-12. Inserting a team from a larger vessel to their small boat might require offshore navigation. To
  move a long distance in a small boat, the team must be highly skilled in navigating by nautical charts, tides,
  currents (piloting), and dead reckoning. They must be able to compute for a compensated launch point,
  using offset navigation to take into account tides and current. Before launching, the team should conduct
  timed runs at full, half, and a quarter throttle. This helps them determine the speed of the boat at each
  setting, which is a critical part of navigation. To determine the speed (distance/time = speed), they divide
  the distance by the time, or the team uses a nautical slide rule. The types of navigation follow:
  Piloting uses visible references from land or sea, the depth of the water, and other published
  information. It resembles land navigation by terrain association.
  Dead reckoning is the predicted advancement of a vessel's position from a known point
  (debarking point) to calculate the vessel's approximate position at any time. It uses distance,
  speed, and time. It does not factor in water currents.
  Celestial navigating uses the positions of the sun, moon, other planets, and stars relative to that of
  Earth. Because it requires a stable platform (for the sextant) and reference publications,
  celestial navigation is impractical for use on smaller vessels.
  Electronic-radio navigating uses radio waves and satellite-based positioning systems such as
  GPS or Long-Range Navigation—Revision C (LORAN-C).
  Note: Express distance in nautical miles.