text: Chapter 1
  CIVIL SUPPORT OPERATIONS
  1-5. These operations are conducted within the United States and its territories. They address the
  consequences of man-made or natural accidents and incidents beyond the capabilities of civilian
  authorities, or in support of homeland security. Homeland security provides the nation with strategic
  flexibility by protecting its citizens and infrastructure from conventional and unconventional threats. It has
  two components. The first is homeland defense. If the United States comes under direct attack, or is
  threatened by hostile armed forces, Army forces under joint command conduct offensive and defensive
  operations to defend the homeland. The other is civil support, which is the fourth type of Army operation.
  Civil support operations take the following forms:
  • Support to civil authorities.
  • Support to civil law enforcement.
  • Protection of military and civilian critical assets.
  • Response and recovery.
  COMBINATIONS BASED ON AREA OF OPERATIONS
  1-6. The four types of Army operations are combined in full-spectrum operations, depending on the
  area of operations (AO):
  JOINT CAMPAIGNS ABROAD
  • Offensive.
  • Defensive.
  • Stability.
  HOMELAND SECURITY
  • Offensive.
  • Defensive.
  • Civil support.
  INTELLIGENCE
  1-7. Key to fighting the Army’s modular organizations in full-spectrum operations is moving to
  positions of advantage and acting before the enemy can respond. Essential to this operational concept is
  timely, relevant, and accurate intelligence. Infantry R&S units are organized, trained and equipped to
  provide the critical and timely information needed by the commander and his staff in order to
  develop intelligence.
  Section II. INFANTRY RECONNAISSANCE AND SURVEILLANCE UNITS
  Infantry R&S units primarily collect combat information. However, these units also have organic equipment,
  such as small-unmanned aircraft systems (UASs), long-range advanced scout surveillance system (LRAS3),
  low-light amplification systems, and digital cameras--that greatly assist in collecting information. The
  information these and other systems collect can be enhanced, compressed, and sent immediately to the
  commander or intelligence section of the supported unit. This section defines the characteristics, missions, and
  organizations of Infantry R&S units.
  CHARACTERISTICS
  1-8. Infantry R&S units share many characteristics, capabilities, limitations, organizational structures,
  and missions. Each unit is organized and equipped to address the specific information needs of the
  commander. These units are typically lightly armed, operate in squad size or smaller, and are foot mobile,