text: Chapter 3
   Duty of ensuring and maintaining, with the cooperation of national and local authorities, the
  medical and hospital establishments and services, public health, and hygiene in the occupied
  territory.
   Requirement that medical personnel of all categories be allowed to carry out their duties.
   Prohibition on requisitioning civilian hospitals on other than a temporary basis and then only
  in cases of urgent necessity for the care of military wounded and sick and after suitable
  arrangements have been made for the civilian patients.
   Requirement to provide adequate medical treatment to detained persons.
   Requirement to provide adequate medical care in detention camps.
  MEDICAL REPATRIATION
  3-10. The Geneva Conventions provide for the repatriation of—
  * Retained health care personnel once they are no longer needed to provide health care to members
  of their own forces (Articles 28 and 39, GWS).
  * Seriously wounded and sick prisoners of war (POWs).
  3-11. Parties to the conflict are bound to send back to their own country, regardless of number or rank,
  seriously wounded and seriously sick POWs, after having cared for them until they are fit to travel. No sick
  or injured prisoner of war may be repatriated against his will during hostilities (Article 109, GPW).
  3-12. The following shall be directly repatriated (Article 110, GPW):
  * Incurably wounded and sick whose mental or physical fitness seems to have been gravely
  diminished.
  * Wounded and sick who, according to medical opinion, are not likely to recover within one year,
  whose condition requires treatment, and whose mental or physical fitness seems to have been
  gravely diminished.
  * Wounded and sick who have recovered, but whose mental or physical fitness seems to have been
  gravely and permanently diminished.
  3-13. The following may be accommodated in a neutral country (Article 110, GPW):
  * Wounded and sick whose recovery may be expected within one year of the date of the wound or
  the beginning of the illness, if treatment in a neutral country might increase prospects of a more
  certain and speedy recovery.
  * Prisoners of war whose behavioral or physical health, according to medical opinion, is seriously
  threatened by continued captivity.
  3-14. The conditions which POWs accommodated in a neutral country must fulfill in order to permit their
  repatriation will be fixed, as shall likewise their status, by agreement between the Powers concerned. In
  general, POWs who have been accommodated in a neutral country, and who belong to the following
  categories, should be repatriated:
  * Those whose state of health has deteriorated so as to fulfill the conditions laid down for direct
  repatriation.
  * Those whose mental or physical powers remain, even after treatment, considerably impaired.
  3-15. Upon the outbreak of hostilities, Mixed Medical Commissions will be appointed to examine sick and
  wounded POWs and to make all appropriate decisions regarding them (Article 112, GPW). However, POWs
  who, in the opinion of the medical authorities of the Detaining Power, are manifestly seriously injured or
  seriously sick, may be repatriated without having been examined by a Mixed Medical Commission.
  PROTECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MEDICAL PERSONNEL
  3-16. Article 24 of the GWS provides special protection for “Medical personnel exclusively engaged in the
  search for, or the collection, transport or treatment of the wounded or sick, or in the prevention of disease,
  [and] staff exclusively engaged in the administration of medical units and establishments . . . [emphasis
  added].” Article 25 provides limited protection for “Members of the armed forces specially trained for