text: Appendix I
  FIND
  I-12. Collection plans that support the F3EAD process are, driven by the requirement for time compression.
  IPB and area SA collection are an ongoing effort. Once an insurgent cell or HVI is identified, the targeting
  folder must be quickly developed. After the targeting folder is approved for collection, very specific
  information on possible engagement locations must be collected quickly without alerting the HVI. This
  requires layering of collection efforts and assets.
  I-13. HVI targeting will most often be conducted in counterinsurgency operations where the enemy
  frequently hides among the civilian population. Persistent and high-fidelity intelligence is often the key to
  defeating a threat whose primary strength is denying friendly forces access to a target.
  I-14. Reconnaissance and surveillance assets are most effective against such enemies when massed. The
  insurgent's ability to hide in plain sight demands persistent collection in order to detect their presence.
  Persistent collection requires long dwell times and must be focused using multiple sensors on discrete parts
  of the network in order to achieve the fidelity of information required for targeting.
  I-15. The effectiveness of reconnaissance and surveillance grows exponentially when it is cued to and driven
  by other sources of intelligence rather than operating alone. The enemy is so well hidden that it takes multiple
  sources of intelligence to corroborate information. SIGINT for example, can locate a target but may not be
  able to discern who it is. An airborne sensor with full motion video can track but not necessarily identify the
  target. HUMINT can provide intent but may not be able to fix a target to an accurate location. However, these
  disciplines working together can focus the spotlight on a HVI who is hidden in the general population.
  Without a robust, collaborative intelligence network to guide it, sensors are often used in reactive modes that
  negate their true power and tend to minimize their full potential. These intelligence sources provide a start
  point into the enemy network that can be exploited through persistent and patient observation. With this type
  of start point, one can mass reconnaissance forces with confidence that assets are not being wasted.
  I-16. Massing intelligence resources implies focus and priority. Selected parts of the enemy's network
  receive focus, which should be unwavering for a specified time. The problem with a low-contrast and fleeting
  target is that threat actions are not easily predictable. Without prediction, the next best things are redundancy
  and saturation. The inability to mass employment of collection assets over a large geographic area often
  results in a loss of effectiveness.
  I-17. One technique that is critical to improve effectiveness against an insurgent is nodal analysis (or link
  analysis). Insurgent networks do not exist in a vacuum. They interact with supporters in the population and,
  less directly with their supporters buried in the power structure. An HVI may interact with key leaders in
  politics, security, the economy, and real estate, as well as the general population.
  I-18. Life pattern analysis is connecting the relationships between places and people by tracking their
  patterns of life. While the enemy moves from point to point, reconnaissance or surveillance tracks and notes
  every location and person visited. Connections between those sites and persons to the target are built, and
  nodes in the enemy's network emerge. Link analysis and life pattern analysis identify these relationships in
  order to complete the targeting folder. To be effective, there must be sufficient intelligence on the network
  the HVI belongs to in order to know the effect of their removal. Just because they are the cell leader may not
  be a good enough reason to target the individual. How will the cell be degraded by their removal? How long
  will it take to replace the individual?
  I-19. This analysis has the effect of revealing the HVI's physical infrastructure for things such as funding,
  meetings, HQ, media outlets, and weapons supply points. As a result, the network becomes more visible and
  vulnerable. Nodal analysis uses the initial start point to generate additional start points that develop even
  more targeting opportunities within the enemy's network. The payoff of this analysis is huge but requires
  patience to allow the network's picture to develop over a long period of time.
  I-20. Networks are notably resistant to the loss of any one or even several nodes. The focus of targeting is
  not just to identify an individual who is a leader in the network. Instead, it is to identify the critical leader
  whose removal will cause the most damage to the network. The ultimate success is to remove sufficient