text: Chapter 4
  SIGNAL SUPPORT IN THE TRANSITION TO CONSOLIDATE GAINS
  4-19. Army forces provide the joint force commander the ability to capitalize on operational success by
  consolidating gains. Consolidation of gains is integral to winning armed conflict and achieving success across
  the range of military operations. Army forces consolidate gains in support of a host nation and its civilian
  population, or as part of the pacification of a hostile state.
  4-20. During the consolidation of gains, signal units will see a rapid expansion in communications
  requirements. As the division establishes and expands the consolidation area, the division requires support
  from elements of the expeditionary signal battalion to support those augmenting units without organic signal
  capabilities. Requirements may include downward support to company and platoon echelons as the division
  establishes camps and bases to support operations to consolidate gains.
  4-21. Depending on the enduring nature of camps and bases, the theater tactical signal brigade assists the
  corps and divisions by installing and transitioning to fixed strategic network infrastructure. Establishing fixed
  signal systems frees units’ organic signal systems for follow-on operations while providing greater DODIN-
  A capacity and throughput.
  SECTION II – LARGE-SCALE DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
  OVERVIEW OF LARGE-SCALE DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
  4-22. Army forces conduct defensive operations to defeat an enemy attack, gain time, economize forces, and
  develop conditions favorable for offensive or stability tasks. There are three primary types of defensive
  operations:
  * Area defense.
  * Mobile defense.
  * Retrograde.
  4-23. The defense provides time for a commander to build combat power and establish conditions to
  transition to the offense. The inherent strengths of the defense include the defender’s occupation of positions
  before an attack and the use of available time to prepare defenses. A defender maneuvers to place an enemy
  in a position of disadvantage and attacks the enemy at every opportunity using lethal fires, electronic attack,
  aviation, information-related capabilities, cyberspace operations, and obstacles, as well a joint assets.
  SIGNAL SUPPORT
  4-24. Signal support in large-scale defensive operations depends on the situation, terrain, and the primary
  defensive operation the Army force is executing. Signal leaders provide the communications capabilities
  required to support the mission. During planning for large-scale defensive operations, the Signal staff must
  ensure the commander understands what communications capabilities will be available at each critical point
  of the operation.
  4-25. Signal support in large-scale defensive operations is critical to the Army winning. An accurate common
  operational picture helps commanders develop and share situational understanding to enable effective
  command and control. If forward observers cannot communicate with supporting fires elements, an enemy
  could penetrate the Army force’s defense. In the mobile defense, the success of the strike force attacking at
  the decisive point and time relies on the timely and accurate flow of information. Signal soldiers must be
  operationally-focused and able to rapidly adapt to the constantly changing situation on the battlefield.
  SIGNAL SUPPORT TO AREA DEFENSE
  4-26. During the area defense, Army forces have the full array of their organic and augmenting
  communications systems to support the mission. Single-channel radio systems support mobile forces with
  retransmission sites positioned behind the main battle area, but capable of supporting primary and alternate
  defensive positions. Narrowband (single-channel) satellite or HF radios can be employed where terrain or