text: Chapter 3
  Table 3-2. Clearance of fires responsibilities
  Position Responsibilities
  Clears fires. Normally this is delegated to their CP and
  Supported Commander
  executed by the battle staff under the lead of the FSE.
  Recommends clearance of fires guidelines to the
  FSCOORD
  commander.
  Ensures friendly force safety through adherence to ROE,
  and use of coordination measures, MCM, FSCM and ACM.
  Use MCMs, FSCMs, and ACMs to facilitate clearance of
  fires.
  Coordinate airspace for fires with AE at echelon (AE,
  JAGIC, or ADAM/BAE).
  FSE Coordinate for clearance of fires across boundaries as
  required.
  Use automated systems to request clearance of fires.
  Warn controlling HQ if FSCMs or commander's attack
  guidance is about to be violated.
  Use rehearsals to validate responsibilities for clearance of
  fires.
  ACM – airspace coordinating measure, ADAM/BAE – air defense airspace management brigade aviation element,
  AE – airspace element, CP – command post, FSCM – fire support coordination measure, FSCOORD – fire support coordinator
  FSE – fire support element, HQ –headquarters, JAGIC – joint air-ground integration center, MCM – maneuver control measure
  ROE – rules of engagement
  3-46. During the planning process, staff officers must consider how to position sensors not only to collect
  information but also to support information requirements that will assist in assessment and the clearance of
  fires. Although sensor placement may primarily focus on gathering enemy information, information collected
  on friendly forces is equally important.
  3-47. Clear and understandable maneuver control measures are also a significant first step in the clearance
  of fires. Again, digital systems will enhance the accurate and rapid transmission of these measures. FSCMs
  not only assist in the integration of fires by facilitating the rapid engagement of targets. They also safeguard
  friendly forces.
  3-48. Permissive measures (if positioned correctly and disseminated to all higher, adjacent, and subordinate
  units), such as coordinated fire lines (CFLs) and free-fire areas, offer the opportunity for responsive fires on
  targets of opportunity. The size of restrictive measures such as NFAs, restrictive fire areas (RFAs) should be
  verified to preclude unwarranted delays for otherwise responsive fires.
  3-49. A procedure to consider in certain circumstances is pre-clearing fires. In some very specific instances,
  units can clear fires during the planning phase. For example, pre-clearing fires on a planned target or into a
  target engagement zone such as a CFFZ requires coordination of both air and ground. Missile flight paths for
  selected munitions must be generated and added to the unit airspace plan so that friendly airspace users are
  aware of planned munition trajectories. The CFFZ must have been planned in advance and published in the
  radar deployment order. Preplanned targets will have definable triggers, specific target types (HPT), and are
  engaged according to the scheme of fires.
  3-50. When fires are requested that are not pre-cleared or allowed by a permissive FSCM, they must be
  positively cleared. This procedure should be a battle drill in CPs. The best method is a redundant drill where
  a call for clearance is transmitted over two nets, the FS net, and the maneuver net.
  3-51. Positive clearance of fires is normally facilitated through prior planning, rehearsals, and careful
  placement of FSCMs. However, the clearance of targets of opportunity often presents special challenges.
  They must be delivered on short notice without undue delay in responsiveness and without jeopardizing
  friendly force security. For positive clearance of fires, the following should be obtained:
  * Best available method of target location.
  * Positive identification of targets as enemy.
  * Eyes on target, if possible.
  * Clearance from appropriate external elements if target is outside unit boundaries.
  * Coordination with affected airspace users based on munition trajectory.