text: Chapter 2
  2-105. In a whole-of-government approach, commanders identify and prioritize critical objectives that
  need immediate attention. When other agencies, organizations, and the host nation lack a capability,
  commanders collaborate with them to provide military expertise. With an interim civil authority, that may
  mean that the military provides direct support to some of the offices and agencies of that authority while
  the overall direction remains with that authority. An example of this is the combined governance effort of
  the CPA in Iraq.
  2-106. In the CPA, military participation consisted of a joint team (which included civil affairs, military
  information support operations [known as MISO], and public affairs) that provided initial security,
  communications, and transportation. Military information support operations and other information-related
  capabilities enabled integrated and tailored communications among the populace and key leaders,
  consistent with approved overarching themes, messages, and national objectives.
  2-107. In the CPA, civilian representatives provided political and policy guidance on behalf of the
  administrator as well as identified needs and concerns in the political districts and offices. Civilian
  representation synchronized local programs and policies with regional and national structures. Local
  leaders emerged. These leaders linked interim administration initiatives with needs and requirements
  determined by local town and city councils and assisted in quicker transition to Iraqi control. Expatriates
  bridged cultural, linguistic, and tribal gaps. Contractors provided professional training and mentoring to
  interim local teams of public servants and administrators.
  2-108. The military establishes physical liaison, communication, and data sharing between the interim
  civil authority and any task force headquarters. Generally, the responsibility for providing for the basic
  needs of the people rests with the host-nation government, designated civil authorities, or other
  organizations. When needed, military forces provide minimum levels of civil security and restore essential
  services until a civil authority or the host nation is able. These essential services provide for minimal levels
  of security, food, water, shelter, and medical treatment. Commanders at all levels assess resources available
  against the mission to determine how to complete these minimum-essential stability tasks and what risks
  they can accept.
  2-109. Army forces coordinate the performance of their stability tasks with other partners. They perform
  tactical tasks subordinate to the primary stability tasks. The five primary Army stability tasks correspond to
  the five stability sectors used by the Department of State. Army stability tasks directly support broader
  efforts within the stability sectors. All partners complete tasks as part of unified action. Together, the
  primary Army stability tasks and the Department of State stability sectors can form a framework to help
  Army leaders understand the organization developed by interim civil authorities. Army leaders can use this
  framework to coordinate discreet tactical tasks with civil authorities.
  2-110. Military forces perform none of the primary stability tasks in isolation. When integrated within
  their complementary stability sectors, the tasks represent a comprehensive effort to reestablish the
  institutions that provide for the civil participation, livelihood, and well-being of the citizens and state. At
  the operational level, the primary stability tasks serve as lines of effort or simply as a guide to action,
  ensuring broader unity of effort across the stability sectors.