text: Chapter 2
  commanders, their staffs, and subordinate units. The primary FS systems used by Army FS personnel include
  Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System (AFATDS), Joint Automated Deep Operations Coordination
  System (JADOCS), joint targeting integrated command and coordination suite (referred to as JTIC2S), and
  the forward observer system, both mounted and dismounted.
  2-67. The JADOCS is a software application that presents and manipulates command, control,
  communications, intelligence, information, and communications interfaces to and from various systems to
  obtain, coordinate, and disseminate information. It maintains a comprehensive fires common operation
  picture, through the visualization of friendly air and land tracks, including artillery and radar positions as
  well as hostile air tracks received from the air defense systems integration server. It maintains comprehensive
  target entity databases including access to the modernized integrated database as well as enemy and friendly
  order of battle databases received digitally from the intelligence distributed common ground station - Army.
  This digital integration of U.S. and allied fires provides a forum for nominating, vetting and validating suspect
  targets, determining methods of engagement, conducting target area risk mitigation in a coordinated and
  collaborative digital environment for both deliberate and dynamic targeting. JADOCS can be utilized on any
  classification of network and resides at BCT and above. JADOCS works with AFATDS via a direct server-
  client interface to execute both deliberate and dynamic targeting.
  2-68. The AFATDS is a multi-service, integrated FA system that receives call for fires, processes fire
  missions, air support requests, counterfire missions, conducts technical and tactical fire direction of firing
  units, issues orders to firing batteries and WLRs, and communicates other related information to coordinate
  and maximize the use of all attack/delivery assets. It meets the needs of the FS community for planning the
  use of critical resources and for managing, collecting, and passing vital fires data. AFATDS can create, store,
  and check FSCMs and ACMs for violations during fire mission processing. It establishes attack guidance
  and target selection standards for the expedited execution of the scheme of targeting. It performs detailed
  weaponeering and attack analysis for effective target engagement in accordance with the commander's
  desired effects. AFATDS can send both preplanned and immediate AIRSUPREQs through each echelon of
  command to the supporting AOC via the BCD. AFATDS transmits preplanned and immediate AIRSUPREQs
  to the theater battle management core system (referred as TBMCS) via the United States message text format
  D670 message. AFATDS can export the United States message text format (USMTF) D670 AIRSUPREQ
  message as an excel file formatted like a DD Form 1972 (Joint Tactical Air Strike Request), for record
  keeping or email transmittal. AFATDS possesses limited capabilities to validate suspect targets and should
  be used with JADOCS for execution of deliberate and dynamic targeting. It is fielded from echelons above
  corps down to firing battery levels. The AFATDS can link digitally into the artillery and TA channels to
  achieve a rapid counterfire capability from either ground or air systems. AFATDS can communicate over a
  variety of networks using standard messaging formats such as variable message format, U.S. message text
  format, and Link-16. It is interoperable with select coalition partner fire control systems via the artillery
  systems cooperative agreement protocol.
  2-69. The forward observer system is an automated FS system used by commanders, FSEs/FSCOORDs,
  FSOs, FOs, and surveyors located at or employed remotely from the FS agencies at corps, division, regiment,
  brigade, squadron, BN, company, battery, troop, and platoon echelons. The forward observer system provides
  automated decision-making, planning, and execution capability, which provides seamless integration of
  synchronized and accurate fires into the supported commander's scheme of maneuver. The forward observer
  system performs automated, calls for fire, fire mission processing, artillery target intelligence, fire planning,
  clearance of fires, and survey and geometry processing supporting the FA mission. Forward observer system
  networks with AFATDS which receives its digital messaging using variable message format transmitted on
  either tactical radio networks or local area networks.
  JOINT AIR OPERATIONS COMMAND AND CONTROL NETWORKS
  2-70. Normally, the joint air operation C2 system will be built around the C2 system of the Service
  component commander designated as the JFACC. Each Service component has an organic system designed
  for C2 of their air operations. Those service systems provided are: the Air Force's theater air control system
  (referred to as TACS), the Army air-ground system (referred to as AAGS), Navy tactical air control system
  (referred to as NTACS), Marine air command and control system (referred to as MACCS) and the special
  operations air-ground system (referred to as SOAGS). When all elements of the theater air control system,
  Army air-ground system, NTACS, MACCS hierarchy, and SOAGS integrate, the entire system is labeled the