text: Chapter 5
  5-75. Units use screening smoke to conceal units and individual positions, or obscuration to blind enemy
  forces. Screening smoke is particularly effective during movement to, and assault on, the objective. Care
  must be taken to avoid screening smoke obscuring friendly units. Units place obscuration in front of enemy
  positions, on the far side of obstacles, and in areas that restrict maneuver. They may use obscuration over
  their support areas to limit enemy observation. The neutralization of enemy thermal viewers requires the use
  of multispectral obscuration.
  5-76. Units employ all fire support means to destroy or suppress enemy forces and sustain the momentum of
  their attacks. They improve the likelihood of success by carefully synchronizing the effects of indirect fire
  systems or available air assets. Units plan fires in series or groups to support maneuver against enemy forces
  on or near their geographical objectives. Assault elements move rapidly across their objectives as their units
  shift artillery fires and obscurants from the objective to other targets. Support elements maintain suppressive
  fires to isolate objectives and prevent enemy forces from reinforcing or counterattacking. These support
  elements also destroy escaping enemy forces and systems. Units employ information capabilities, such as
  cyberspace operations and electromagnetic warfare, to attack enemy command and control information
  systems as part of this effort.
  5-77. Units limit position changes of fire support systems because position changes reduce the volume of
  available fires. Units balance the need to maintain that amount of artillery support against enemy counterfire
  capabilities with their need to provide continued coverage as attacking units continue to move forward.
  Supporting indirect fire assets move into their new positions one subordinate unit at a time, by echelon, to
  maintain support throughout the attack. Units can use any available air assets to provide supporting fires, in
  addition to organic mortar systems, while field artillery batteries displace.
  5-78. Small enemy units moving toward the penetrated area can disrupt the synchronization of the final
  assault. As friendly units and weapon systems crews engage enemy targets, they tend to focus on their
  immediate opponents rather than the overall situation. Loss of situational understanding combined with the
  defending enemy forces’ more detailed knowledge of the terrain allows small enemy forces to inflict a great
  deal of damage on friendly attacking forces. Attacking unit leaders need to understand the flow of combat
  and retain the capability to engage these enemy forces before they can alter the outcome of their assaults.
  Commanders can commit their reserves to maintain the momentum of their attacks and keep pressure on
  enemy forces. This also hinders enemy attempts to stabilize the situation.
  5-79. Units isolate and destroy portions of the enemy defense in sequence when attacking well-prepared,
  integrated enemy defenses. See figures 5-4 and 5-5 to see this process illustrated. Friendly forces isolate,
  suppress, obscure, and bypass selected enemy positions. For example, obscuration delivered by field artillery
  and mortars in front of the objective—between the force and the enemy—screens friendly breach and assault
  force movement and obscures enemy weapon systems. Units place fires on and beyond the flanks of an
  objective to isolate an enemy position. These fires include obscuration; high-explosive, improved
  conventional munitions (if available); and precision-guided munitions delivered by a mix of field artillery,
  fixed-wing aviation assets, and attack helicopters. In addition, units may employ short duration scatterable
  mines in conjunction with terminally guided munitions to help isolate and impair an enemy force’s ability to
  counterattack. (Their use must not impede the conduct of exploitation and pursuit operations.) Units can
  employ jammers to cut information system links between enemy maneuver forces and their supporting
  artillery.