text: Chapter 3
  North Korea fields hundreds of Scud and No Dong missiles that can reach U.S. forces forward deployed in
  the Republic of Korea and Japan.
  LARGE-CALIBER ROCKETS
  3-16. Large-caliber rockets, classified as those of 200 millimeters and greater, are unguided, surface
  launched, indirect fire rockets with ranges greater than 40 kilometers. They can be fired from single or
  multiple launch platforms. In the past 20 years, large-caliber rockets have increased in range (some as much
  as 300+ kilometers) and now, with enhanced guidance packages, are morphing into close- and short-range
  ballistic missiles.
  3-17. Rockets can deliver high rates of fire and a variety of warheads, making them ideal weapon systems
  for fire support missions. The highly mobile launchers can rapidly move around the battlefield. This mobility,
  coupled with the rockets’ short burn time, gives maneuver forces little warning. Their short range and salvo
  capability complicate engagement by current AMD systems.
  3-18. Like ballistic missiles, large-caliber rockets are found in many countries. They are inexpensive and
  have been used against United States forces in Iraq and against Israel forces and its general population. North
  Korea has a 300-mm multiple launch rocket systems that can easily range Seoul and many U.S. forces
  stationed in South Korea, including those at Osan Air Base.
  AERODYNAMIC MISSILES
  3-19. Aerodynamic missiles use lateral surfaces to maintain their flight path. Aerodynamic missiles include
  cruise missiles and tactical air-to-surface missiles.
  3-20. Cruise missiles are unmanned, self-guided vehicles that maintain sustained flight at one or more pre-
  determined constant (cruise) altitudes and have ranges from 30 to 3,000 kilometers. Tactical air-to-surface
  missiles are similar to air-launched cruise missiles, but are smaller, have shorter ranges, lack the wings and
  aerodynamic lifts associated with cruise missiles, and are launched by tactical fighter-bomber aircraft.
  Though regarded as distinctly separate threats, the application of new technologies has given cruise missiles
  and tactical air to-surface missiles virtually identical capabilities.
  CRUISE MISSILES
  3-21. Modern cruise missiles can travel at low-to-supersonic or high subsonic speeds, are self-navigating,
  and can fly non-ballistic trajectories at very low to very high atmospheric altitudes. Cruise missiles can be
  found in two general categories: land attack and anti-ship. Cruise missiles are generally very expensive and
  have complicated navigation devices, two considerations which minimized their proliferation; regardless,
  many nations have shown an increased interest in obtaining the ability to produce these missiles after seeing
  the U.S. success in employing the land attack variants. Cruise missiles are the hardest air target to detect and
  intercept which makes them particularly well suited against static ADA systems.
  3-22. Cruise missiles are reliable, accurate, survivable, and lethal. They can be launched from the land, air,
  or sea. They are difficult to detect, can fly indirect routes at low altitudes to avoid heavily defended areas,
  and can attack from any direction. Today’s cruise missile can hit a target with remarkable accuracy;
  tomorrow’s smarter, maneuverable, more accurate missile will pose a far greater threat. Cruise missiles are
  ideal for striking high-value targets in highly defended areas, since aircraft and aircrews are not put at risk.
  3-23. The use of air-breathing turbojet and turbofan engines has given cruise missiles a longer range and the
  capability to fly at high, subsonic speeds and altitudes lower than 50 meters above ground level. Their flight
  paths can be programmed using sophisticated guidance systems, such as the Global Positioning System,
  inertial navigation systems, and terrain contour matching. Their guidance systems contribute to overall
  accuracy, optimize surprise, and help avoid air defenses. A terminal guidance seeker increases accuracy to
  less than 10 meters. A wide array of conventional warheads, including individually targetable submunitions,
  allows targeting of both soft and hard targets. In addition, cruise missiles may carry weapons of mass
  destruction warheads.