text: Mission Command
  4-339. Defensive electromagnetic attack uses the EMS to protect personnel, facilities, capabilities, and
  equipment. Examples include self-protection and other protection measures such as the use of expendables
  (flares and active decoys), jammers, towed decoys, directed-energy infrared countermeasures, and counter
  radio-controlled improvised explosive device(IED)systems.
  ElectromagneticProtection
  4-340. EP involves the actions taken to protect personnel, facilities, and equipment from any effects of
  friendly or enemy use of the EMS that degrade, neutralize, or destroy friendly combat capability. For
  example,EP includes actions taken by the commander to ensure friendly use of the EMS,such as frequency
  agility in a radio or variable pulse repetition frequency in radar. The commander avoids confusing EP with
  self-protection. Both defensive electromagneticattack and EP protect personnel,facilities,capabilities,and
  equipment. However, EP protects from the effects of electromagnetic attack (friendly and enemy) and
  electromagnetic interference,while defensive electromagneticattack primarily protects against lethal attacks
  by denying enemy use of the EMS to guide or trigger weapons.
  Commander’s ElectromagneticProtection Responsibilities
  4-341. EP is a command responsibility. The more emphasis the commander places on EP,the greater the
  benefits, in terms of casualty reduction and combat survivability, in a hostile environment or degraded
  information environment. The commander ensures support and consolidation areas on and practices sound
  EP techniques and procedures. The commander continually measures the effectiveness of EP techniques and
  procedures used within the BCT throughout the operations process. Commander EP responsibilities are—
  (cid:122) Review all information on jamming and deception reports, and assess the effectiveness of
  defensive EP.
  (cid:122) Ensure the BCT S-6 and S-2, in coordination with the EWO, report and properly analyze all
  encounters of electromagnetic interference,deception,and jamming.
  (cid:122) Analyze the impact of enemy efforts to disrupt or destroy friendly communications systems on
  friendly operation plans.
  (cid:122) Ensure the BCT staff exercises communications security (see ATP 6-02.75) techniques daily.
  Subordinate units should—
  (cid:131) Change network call signs and frequencies often (in accordance with the signal operating
  instructions).
  (cid:131) Use approved encryption systems,codes,and authentication systems.
  (cid:131) Control emissions.
  (cid:131) Make EP equipment requirements known through quick reaction capabilities designed to
  expedite procedure for solving,research,development,procurement,testing,evaluation,
  installations modification,and logistics problems as they pertain to EW.
  (cid:131) Ensure quick repair of radios with mechanical or electrical faults;this is one way to reduce
  radio-distinguishing characteristics.
  (cid:131) Practice network discipline.
  Staff ElectromagneticProtection Responsibilities
  4-342. The BCT staff assists the commander in accomplishing EP requirements. Specifically, the staff
  responds immediately to the commander and subordinate units. The staff—
  (cid:122) Keeps the commander informed.
  (cid:122) Reduces the time to control,integrate,and coordinate operations.
  (cid:122) Reduces the chance for error.
  4-343. The BCT staff provides information, furnishes estimates, and provides recommendations to the
  commander. Specific staff officer responsibilities include the—
  (cid:122) S-2. Advise the commander of enemy capabilities that could be used to deny the unit effective use
  of the EMS. Keep the commander informed of the BCT’s signal security posture.