text: Cyberspace Considerations During Multinational Operations
  Interoperable
  When information can be exchanged directly between communications systems or
  equipment, and between them and or their users. Facilitated by—
  • Common equipment.
  • Compatibility of equipment.
  • Standardization.
  • Liaison.
  Agile
  System agility attributes to—
  • Responsiveness.
  • Flexibility.
  • Innovation.
  • Adaptation.
  Trusted
  Trusted communications attribute to—
  • Survivability.
  • Security.
  • Sustainability.
  Shared
  • Mutual use of information, services, or capabilities.
  Figure 12-1. Communications system principles
  CONSIDERATIONS
  12-36. Effective C2 of multinational forces depends on the ability to share the right information with the
  right people at the right time. This synchronization improves unity of effort, reduces decision time, increases
  adaptability of forces, improves situational understanding, and provides greater precision in mission planning
  and execution. Information sharing requires sustained and responsible collaboration among all federal, state,
  local, tribal, territorial, private-sector, and multinational partners. While innovation has enhanced the ability
  to share information, increased sharing creates potential vulnerabilities, requiring comprehensive
  cybersecurity practices. Commanders and staffs participating in multinational cyberspace operations should
  understand and consider—
  • Partner nations’ capabilities and limitations in creating cyberspace effects, including limitations due
  to national laws and policies.
  • Applicable provisions of the law of armed conflict, treaties, national and international agreements,
  domestic laws and policies, and host-nation laws.
  • Challenges in connectivity and compatibility between U.S. and partner nations’ cyberspace
  capabilities.
  • Challenges in information sharing, releasability, and foreign disclosure to synchronize cyberspace
  operations among partner nations.
  • Anticipation of and accounting for cyberspace and electromagnetic warfare effects, capabilities,
  constraints, and limitations.
  • Shared situational understanding and common objectives for the operation.