text: Sustainment Operations in a Maritime Environment
  shore via watercraft in support of operations and support multiple logistics over-the-shore operations over
  greater distances in a maritime environment. This may include the backhaul of detainees from forward areas.
  This backhaul of detainees to division and corps rear areas is vital for intelligence gathering and for their
  safety. See FM 3-63 for more information on maritime detainee transport. Military Sealift Command and
  Merchant Marine vessels, which transport cargo and materiel, require secure facilities that allow for discharge
  of materiel and cargo. In addition to infrastructure requirements, the security and vulnerabilities of ports of
  debarkation must be considered and continually assessed in order to support operations in a maritime
  environment.
  6-48. Sustainment of large-scale combat operations in a maritime environment will require innovative ways
  and means of conducting sustainment operations. Sustainment leaders cannot assume secured port facilities
  or modern infrastructure will be available. The following paragraphs will describe how sustainment planners
  should be prepared to conduct RSOI and theater sustainment.
  RECEPTION, STAGING, ONWARD MOVEMENT, AND INTEGRATION
  6-49. The theater Army will be responsible for controlling theater opening and RSOI in a maritime
  environment. The theater Army executes RSOI through the TSC and its subordinate sustainment
  organizations. Sustainment planners executing RSOI in a maritime environment must be prepared for the
  unique challenges of a non-permissive OE. Secured infrastructure, staging areas, and tactical assembly areas
  may not be available or accessible. Sustainment planners must be prepared to consider other courses of action
  to conduct RSOI, enabling the joint force to deploy and then rapidly posture for employment. These courses
  of action include, but are not limited to—
  • Conducting reception and staging activities prior to entry into the theater or JOA.
  • Using ISBs to facilitate combat configuration of forces enroute to the POD.
  • Using agile or offshore basing options to facilitate RSOI.
  • Conducting onward movement of forces directly from home station after integration (for example,
  conducting expeditionary deployment, such as the Global Response Force).
  THEATER SUSTAINMENT OPERATIONS
  6-50. In a maritime environment, the CCDR exercises DAFL over assigned forces and can assign lead
  Service responsibilities. When this responsibility is assigned to the Army, the TSC and/or ESC is capable of
  leading the synchronization and integration of common support capabilities for the joint force. To do this,
  the TSC may establish boards, bureaus, centers, cells, and working groups to assist with synchronization and
  integration of capabilities. These boards, bureaus, centers, cells, and working groups will be essential in
  managing the dispersed sustainment operations conducted in the maritime environment. These operations
  include—
  • Executing JLOTS operations.
  • Conducting intertheater and intratheater transportation.
  • Conducting maintenance operations.
  • Conducting general engineering operations.
  • Providing HSS.
  Joint Logistics Over-The-Shore
  6-51. JLOTS operations will be the key to sustaining operations in a maritime environment. Sustainment
  leaders and planners in the boards, bureaus, centers, cells, and working groups at the TSC must be prepared
  to monitor JLOTS operations that may be occurring on multiple islands. Planners should always consider
  potential peer threat methods and the capacity of the JLOTS operation. JLOTS may be challenged by the
  peer threat methods of systems warfare and preclusion. Peer threats may employ systems warfare to destroy
  key port infrastructure capabilities and access points needed for successful JLOTS operations. Preclusion
  methods such as antiaccess and area denial may be employed to limit projection of forces into an area and
  reduce freedom of action.
  6-52. Bulk petroleum may need to be received via JLOTS operations. Such operations use an offshore
  petroleum discharge system or other bulk liquids transfer system to deliver fuel to tactical storage facilities
  located immediately ashore. The offshore system delivers fuel to a tactical or commercial terminal, normally