text: Contested Deployments
  communications across the distributed footprint, which allows staff coordination for unit personnel to meet
  their equipment and facilitate ship offloading. Units provide port support teams with the right personnel and
  capabilities to expedite port operations, such as licensed vehicle operators and communications. This helps
  ensure ports of debarkation are not congested with disabled equipment or frustrated cargo. If some unit
  equipment is lost in transit due to destruction of transport vessels, some tactical unit personnel may be
  temporarily held at theater facilities to facilitate re-equipping efforts or be otherwise retasked by the
  combatant command or theater army commander.
  C-31. If ports are unavailable, are severely degraded, or do not have the draft required for deep draft strategic
  sealift vessels, the JFC may consider joint logistics over-the-shore (JLOTS) operations. JLOTS provides the
  JFC with a limited capability to discharge strategic sealift ships. JLOTS requires a significant amount of lead
  time to build the needed conditions for successful operations, and it entails significant risk that strategic
  leaders will need to balance against its potential benefits. (See Chapter 6 of this publication or JP 4-01.6 for
  more information on JLOTS.)
  C-32. After reception is complete, staging occurs. Staging during force projection contested by a peer threat
  requires understanding of threat standoff and friendly protection capabilities. Units must disperse and seek
  concealment to improve survivability. Operation plans (OPLANs) should take into account the need for
  expanded assembly areas to increase distances between vehicles and between unit assembly areas. As
  deploying units assemble, efforts focus on preparing for future operations and integrating into the joint force.
  Theater-specific training requirements may need to be conducted while afloat or at home station prior to
  movement to the theater to minimize staging timelines.
  C-33. Onward movement during contested deployments requires units to execute movement and sustainment
  along multiple, dispersed routes. Road, rail, and other lines of communication must be assessed and classified
  for use by arriving forces. Units can avoid aggregation, enhance survivability, and achieve balance by
  directing personnel, equipment, materiel, and information flow at a rate that can be accommodated at every
  point along the entire network, from origin to destination. Key to the onward movement process is speed of
  movement to rapidly get combat power to the operational area for employment.
  C-34. To facilitate rapid onward movement and overcome the likely degradation of Global Positioning
  System (known as GPS) and other enabling transportation technology, units conduct convoy briefs, have
  paper maps, and conduct detailed route planning. This helps prepare Soldiers for the unique considerations
  of the host-nation transportation infrastructure, and it mitigates vulnerability to threat attacks. Theater-level
  personnel may augment or conduct separate briefings to share information about current conditions and threat
  tactics.
  C-35. RSOI concludes with integration. Effective and efficient integration operations can reduce force
  vulnerability by ensuring units quickly assess vulnerabilities and counter potential threats to forces,
  infrastructure, and information systems as they transfer capabilities to an operational commander’s force.
  When forces are fully integrated, operational control (OPCON) is transferred to the gaining unit. (See Chapter
  4 and ATP 3-35 for additional information on RSOI operations.)
  HOMELAND DEFENSE AND DEFENSE SUPPORT OF CIVIL
  AUTHORITIES
  C-36. While Army forces are preparing to deploy during crisis response or armed conflict against a peer
  threat, other units may be tasked to support homeland defense or DSCA. The circumstances that lead to
  national authorities directing the deployment of Army forces may also necessitate operations to
  simultaneously defend the U.S. homeland or support civil authorities. Additionally, the act of deploying
  forces may incite enemy attacks on the homeland, causing some forces to be mobilized for homeland defense
  or DSCA while others deploy forward to the operational theater. Homeland defense is the protection of United
  States sovereignty, territory, domestic population, and critical infrastructure against external threats and
  aggression or other threats as directed by the President (JP 3-27). Defense support of civil authorities is
  support provided by U.S. Federal military forces, DOD Civilians, DOD contract personnel, DOD component
  assets, and National Guard forces (when the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the governors of the
  affected states, elects and requests to use those forces in Title 32, USC status) in response to requests for