text: Chapter 6
  SUPPORT OF JOINT OFFENSIVE OPERATIONS
  6-42. Sustainment forces, particularly Army watercraft, must be prepared to support the JFC in execution of
  certain forcible entry operations. In a maritime environment, sustainment forces will more than likely be
  expected to support amphibious operations. For additional information, see FM 3-0.
  FORCIBLE ENTRY OPERATIONS
  6-43. Forcible entry operations in any OE follow the same phasing model. Those phases are preparation and
  deployment, assault, stabilization of the lodgment, introduction of follow-on forces, and termination or
  transition operations. Army sustainment forces should be prepared to support any phase of the operation:
  • Preparation and deployment phase. Sustainment forces must be prepared to support movement
  planning. Movement support during this phase may include conducting site surveys by watercraft
  or aircraft and movement from marshalling areas to ISBs and ports of debarkation.
  • Assault phase. Naval, air, and special operations forces will comprise the initial entry forces
  responsible for seizing airfields and ports. Army sustainment forces must be prepared to support the
  movement of reinforcing entry forces to support initial entry forces.
  • Stabilization of the lodgment phase. During this phase, sustainment forces must be prepared to
  support increasing logistics requirements as the lodgment becomes stabilized and follow-on forces
  continue to arrive. Army watercraft will be essential in supporting this phase in the maritime
  environment.
  • Introduction of follow-on forces. Once the lodgment has been established, follow-on forces will
  continue to flow into the area. Army sustainment forces should be prepared to support not only the
  follow-on forces moving into the lodgment, but also forces already on ground and future operations.
  6-44. JP 3-18 provides additional information on forcible entry operations and requirements for the joint
  force in each phase.
  AMPHIBIOUS OPERATIONS
  6-45. Amphibious operations are military operations launched from the sea by an amphibious force to
  conduct landing force operations within the littorals (JP 3-02). Amphibious operations are joint in nature and
  comprised of an amphibious task force and landing force. The amphibious task force is comprised of naval,
  Military Sealift Command, and Maritime Administration assets. The landing force is comprised of Army and
  Marine Corps assets. Amphibious operations can be conducted during any part of a joint operation or
  campaign.
  6-46. Planning for an amphibious operation is continuous, and it requires collaborative, parallel, and detailed
  planning by all participating forces. The organization of any amphibious operation should be sufficiently
  flexible to meet the planned objectives in each phase of the operation and account for unforeseen
  developments. Army sustainment forces should be prepared to support any phase of an amphibious operation.
  This support can be in the form of logistics over-the-shore operations, port operations, movement control,
  and medical support to forces that are part of the amphibious operation. Army sustainment also plans and
  prepares to support during operations by providing intratheater ship-to-shore transport, to include
  coordinating for fires support from joint forces during resupply and rearming amphibious and landing forces
  while contested.
  SUSTAINING LARGE-SCALE COMBAT OPERATIONS IN A
  MARITIME ENVIRONMENT
  6-47. Movement via water remains the principal method for moving military personnel, equipment, and
  materiel in support of operations. In a maritime environment, maneuver via water will also be required to
  support and sustain operations. Sustaining large-scale combat operations in a maritime environment will
  present unique challenges to sustainment forces. The availability of shipping assets and the capability to
  transfer or move materiel and personnel between land masses or from ship to shore will be critical in the
  maritime environment. Army watercraft assets are suited for movement of materiel between ports, from a
  port into an austere port or bare beach, or from ship to shore through logistics over-the-shore operations.
  Sustainment planners must also be prepared for the potential requirement to move personnel from ship to