text: Appendix I
  replacement for D3A nor is it exclusive to targeting; rather it is a technique that works at all levels for leaders
  to understand their OE and visualize the effects they want to create.
  I-4. In counterinsurgency operations, engaging targets with nonlethal effects are frequently more important
  than engaging targets with lethal effects, and F3EAD is equally applicable for both. Effective targeting
  identifies options to support the commander's intent and objectives. For nonlethal effects, those options may
  include civil-military operations, civil affairs operations, cyber electromagnetic activities, information,
  psychological operations, and political, economic, and social programs. Engaging targets with lethal effects
  are most typically designed to kill.
  I-5. F3EAD is especially well suited and is the primary means for engaging HVIs. A high-value individual
  is a person of interest who is identified, surveilled, tracked, influenced, or engaged. A HVI may become
  an HPT that must be acquired and successfully attacked (exploited, captured, or killed) for the success of the
  friendly commander's mission. In this role, F3EAD features massed, persistent reconnaissance, or
  surveillance cued to a powerful and decentralized all source intelligence apparatus to find a HVI in the midst
  of civilian clutter and find his exact location. This accurate location enables surgical finishing effects (lethal
  or nonlethal) that emphasize speed to catch a mobile target. The emphasis on speed is not only to remove a
  combatant from the AO, but also to take the opportunity to gain more information on the threat enemy
  advisory. The exploit and analyze steps are often the main effort of F3EAD because these steps provide
  insight into the enemy's network and may open new targeting efforts. The information accumulated during
  the exploit and analyze steps frequently start the cycle over again by providing leads or start points into the
  network that can be observed and tracked.
  SECTION III – THE PROCESS WITHIN THE PROCESS
  I-6. To gain an understanding of the F3EAD process, it is instructive to see how F3EAD is used within
  D3A and can begin during any phase of D3A methodology. The process still begins with a decide function
  in which decisions are made on priorities and the allocation of resources. The decide step is performed
  continuously, and requires extensive, persistent analytical work by operations and intelligence personnel.
  They analyze large quantities of all-source intelligence reporting to determine the:
  * Threat validity.
  * Actual importance of potential targets.
  * Best means to engage the target.
  * Expected effects of engaging the targets (which will guide actions to mitigate negative effects).
  * Changes required to the exploitation plan.
  I-7. Figure I-2 on page I-3 indicates, the detect function is broken into two parts - find and fix. During the
  find step, the HVI is identified, and the target's network is mapped and analyzed. During the fix step a specific
  location and time to engage the HVI is identified, and the validity of the target is confirmed.