text: Chapter 3
  Table 3-6. Description of scheme of fires
  Annex D (Fires) Scheme of Fires. Describe how fires support the commander’s intent and concept of operations to
  establish the priorities of fires to units for each phase of the operation. The scheme of fires must be concise but
  specific enough to clearly state what fires are to accomplish in the operation. The scheme of fires must answer the
  “who, what, when, where, and why” of the fires to be provided, but provide enough flexibility to allow subordinate
  commanders to determine the “how” to the maximum extent possible by ensuring necessary procedural and positive
  control. The scheme of fires may include a general narrative for the entire operation that should address the fire
  support task and purpose, allocation of assets, positioning guidance for fire support assets and observers, and attack
  guidance to include the entire scalable range of effects (lethal to nonlethal effects) to include restrictions. Add
  subparagraphs addressing fire support tasks for each phase of the operation use the following format: task, purpose,
  execution, and assessment in matrix form. Refer to the base plan or order and Annex C (Operations) as required. (FM
  5-0)
  Commander's Guidance for Fire Support
  3-64. Commanders drive the operations process through understanding, visualizing, describing, directing,
  leading, and assessing operations (ADP 5-0). The supported commander must provide clear and concise
  guidance on effects expected from fires. Fire support personnel must thoroughly understand the commander's
  intent, scheme of maneuver, and guidance for fire support. Commanders must ensure fire support personnel
  understand the larger picture of the battle. It provides the staff and subordinate units with the general guidance
  and restrictions for the employment of fires, desired effects and the planning and execution of targeting
  functions. Commander's guidance for fire support must include the priority of fires. Priority of fires is the
  commander's guidance to the staff, subordinate commanders, fires planners, and supporting agencies
  to employ fires in accordance with the relative importance of a unit's mission. Mission orders for FA
  units should include the supported commander's intent, concept of operations, and priority of fires, EFSTs,
  and coordinating instructions.
  3-65. The commander's guidance for FS describes the desired effects to be generated by FS attack/delivery
  systems, both lethal and non-lethal. An effect is 1. The physical or behavioral state of a system that results
  from an action, a set of actions, or another effect. 2. The result, outcome, or consequence of an action. 3. A
  change to a condition, behavior, or degree of freedom (JP 3-0). Capabilities associated with one desired effect
  may also contribute to other desired effects. For example, delay can result from disrupting, diverting, or
  destroying enemy capabilities or targets.
  3-66. The most important part of providing guidance for FS is that the FSCOORD and the commander have
  a shared understanding of the commander's visualization and description of what FS must accomplish in
  support of the concept of operations. Some common terms that commanders may use to describe the desired
  effects when providing their guidance for FS are listed below and include:
  * Deceive in military deception are actions executed to deliberately mislead adversary military,
  paramilitary, or violent extremist organization decision makers, thereby causing the adversary to
  take specific actions (or inactions) that will contribute to the accomplishment of the friendly
  mission. FS supports tactical deception by misleading the enemy decision makers' understanding
  of friendly intent. Tactical deception is a friendly activity that causes enemy commanders to take
  action or cause inaction detrimental to their objectives (FM 3-90). This greatly improves the
  chances the enemy will assume risks that can expose the enemy to the effects of friendly fires and
  maneuver. For example, preparation fire of a false landing zone may contribute to the belief a
  friendly attack is about to occur in one place when in fact it is about to occur in another. Deception
  fires are best employed to reinforce the pre-conceived notion of the enemy commander.
  Operations security is the foundation of deception. This includes the use of nets, camouflage,
  communications, and noise and light discipline.
  * Defeat is to render a force incapable of achieving its objectives (ADP 3-0). Defeat manifests itself
  in some sort of physical action, such as mass surrenders, abandonment of positions, equipment
  and supplies, or retrograde operations. A commander can create different effects against an enemy
  to defeat that force. For example, a commander's employment of FA fires to attack an enemy force
  may result in the enemy no longer having sufficient personnel, weapons systems, equipment, or
  supplies to carry out its mission. Likewise, the delivery of massed, synchronized, and intense fires
  can cause enemy personnel to lose the will to continue to fight.