text: Airspace Control Connectivity
  Exploitation Support Data
  C-11. ADAM/BAE personnel use exploitation support data within the air defense system integrator to
  communicate with the Shadow’s ground control unit for flight following. ADAM/BAE personnel use this
  capability when radar coverage is minimal or nonexistent to populate the Shadow’s position and pass the
  ground control unit’s location to joint and coalition forces flying or monitoring Link-16.
  Cursor on Target
  C-12. Cursor on target enables different communities across the Services to share vital information in near-
  real time. Near-real time pertains to the timeliness of data or information which has been delayed by the time
  required for electronic communication and automatic data processing, furthermore, near-real time implies
  that there are no significant delays. Cursor on target leverages the widespread extensible markup language
  and defines a common extensible message format for communicating key targeting information (what, when,
  and where). Small unmanned aircraft system operators connected to the SIPRNET can inject their what,
  when, and where into the common tactical picture. The FAAD and air defense system integrator are the
  primary data systems within the ADAM/BAE to exploit this capability.
  Radar Element Subsystem
  C-13. Radar element subsystem enables transmission control protocol/internet protocol capability for sensor
  connectivity to the ADAM’s forward area air defense. The radar element subsystem allows counterfire
  (firefinder, lightweight countermortar, and sentinel) radar data to be shared on a network for an exploitation
  with a mission command system.
  SELF-REPORTING TRACKING TECHNOLOGIES
  C-14. Self-reporting tracking technologies are increasingly being integrated into aerial systems (manned,
  unmanned, cruise missiles, and precision munitions for example). When coupled with networked data
  systems (discussed in paragraphs C-5 through C-13), these technologies provide an accurate and complete
  low level air picture, rapid decisionmaking, and a significant improvement in an airspace elements’ ability
  to integrate airspace users in near-real-time.
  Blue Force Tracking–Air
  C-15. The blue force tracking (BFT) network (BFT-A/2) provides self-reporting aircraft position, velocity,
  and mission parameters in a joint variable message format transmitted to ground control centers via an
  L-Band satellite. Control centers accumulate these reports and redistribute them via satellite to all BFT
  transceivers coded for the operation. Control centers also distribute the reports via the SIPRNET to make this
  information available to support various missions. However, aircraft reporting and control center reporting
  rules can induce tens of seconds, and in some cases several minutes, delay in the aircraft reported position
  data being received at a transceiver and displayed to the user. Such a delay limits the BFT’s use in increasing
  situational awareness.
  Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast
  C-16. Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) is the basis for a revolution in worldwide civil
  air traffic control. ADS-B is one of a series of innovations that the federal aviation administration refers to
  as NextGen technologies in the national airspace. ADS-B establishes an air traffic surveillance structure that
  migrates from reliance on radars and interrogators to aircraft equipped with transceivers that transmit self-
  reported precise GPS position, velocity, and identification information every second.
  C-17. There are two ADS-B data links planned for the national airspace system: Mode S extended squitter
  and universal access transceiver. All aircraft that fly above 18,000 feet worldwide use the Mode S extended
  squitter. Military aircraft use ADS-B Mode S extended squitter data link transmitted from military
  transponders. The universal access transceiver is used by general aviation within the national airspace system.