text: Army Methodologies Used for Planning Activities
  and EW-related limitations, including spectrum usage, the types of cyberspace and EW capabilities allowed,
  and cyberspace operations and EW-related authorizations delegated and not delegated to the unit commander.
  A-18. The CEMA working group gathers critical facts based on analyzing the mission and operational
  variables provided through the IPB process and from adjacent, higher, joint organizations and mission
  partners. This information helps with developing assumptions of cyberspace and the EMOE throughout the
  assigned AO. A fact is a statement of truth, or a statement thought to be true at the time. An assumption is a
  supposition on the current situation or a presupposition on the future course of events, either or both assumed
  to be true in the absence of positive proof, necessary to enable the commander in the process of planning to
  complete an estimate of the situation and make a decision on the COA. In the absence of facts, the CEMA
  working group establishes assumptions of cyberspace and the EMS within their assigned AO. These
  assumptions include potential threat cyberspace and EW capabilities operating within the assigned AO.
  A-19. The CEMA section uses risk management to prioritize cyberspace security. The CEMA section
  collaborates with the G-6 or S-6 spectrum manager to review the joint restricted frequency list and mitigate
  apparent and potential frequency and network conflictions. The CEMA section employs EP to mitigate
  electromagnetic environmental effects, electromagnetic compatibility issues, implement electromagnetic
  hardening, and electromagnetic masking.
  A-20. During mission analysis, the CEMA working group identifies cyberspace and EW-related gaps in the
  information received from higher headquarters, adjacent and joint units, and mission partners. These gaps
  are provided to the commander and added to the commander’s critical information requirements, which falls
  into two categories: PIRs and friendly force information requirement(s). A priority intelligence requirement
  is an intelligence requirement, stated as a priority for intelligence support that the commander and staff need
  to understand the adversary or other aspects of the operational environment (FM 6-0). A friendly force
  information requirement is information the commander and staff need to understand the status of friendly
  force and supporting capabilities (FM 6-0).
  A-21. The CEMA section works closely with the G-3 or S-3 and G-2 or S-2 in developing the initial
  information collection plan. The CEMA section also works with these sections to adjust the information
  collection effort to answer IRs necessary in developing an effective plan. The CEMA section nominates
  cyberspace and EW-related PIRs and FFIRs to the commander as contributing products to the information
  collection plan.
  A-22. The initial information collection plan sets reconnaissance, surveillance, and intelligence operations in
  motion. The G-2 or S-2 bears overall responsibility for the information collection plan and works closely
  with the G-3 or S-3, and attains information to support the IPB process by synchronizing available SIGINT
  products to satisfy CCIRs and IRs and to provide the commander with intelligence throughout the OE for
  continuous situational awareness.
  A-23. As more information becomes available, the CEMA section updates cyberspace operations and EW-
  related running estimates that will result in recommended adjustments to the overall plan of operation. The
  CEMA section considers using available time by comparing the needed time to accomplish cyberspace
  operations and EW-related tasks to the higher headquarters’ timeline and determine the possibility of mission
  accomplishment in the allotted time. The CEMA section makes the necessary adjustments to the plan of
  operations in an attempt to stay within timeline parameters and inform the commander of any task that cannot
  be accomplished with the allotted time, especially those tasks deemed critical or essential. The commander
  uses this information to determine accepted risks and to inform higher headquarters of gaps identified because
  of timeline constraints.
  A-24. The CEMA section contributes to developing COA evaluation criteria by establishing standards used
  to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of cyberspace operations and EW discussed in one COA relative
  to other COAs. Developing these criteria during mission analysis helps to eliminate bias before COA analysis
  and comparisons. Table A-2, page A-6, illustrates the actions and key outputs of the CEMA working group
  during Step 2: mission analysis.