text: Army Tactics
  * Troop movement. (See Chapter 14).
  * Relief in place. (See Chapter 15).
  * Passage of lines. (See Chapter 16).
  * Countermobility. (See Chapter 17).
  * Mobility. (See Chapter 18).
  * Tactical deception. (See Chapter 19).
  * Linkup. (See Chapter 20).
  GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR TACTICS
  1-23. The tasks assigned to subordinates are as much an aspect of tactics as employment and arrangement.
  Commanders and units use tactics as the basis for their concept of operations, which is derived from
  understanding the mission variables and operational environment. The three subcomponents of tactics are—
  * Employment: the synchronization of warfighting functions. The characteristics of the offense and
  the defense assist in framing the synchronization of warfighting functions.
  * Arrangement: formations in relation to friendly forces, enemy forces, and the terrain. The type
  of operations and forms of maneuver provide a baseline for these arrangements.
  * Directed actions: the task and purpose directed by a commander to achieve objectives. The
  tactical mission tasks generally are used to direct the actions of subordinate forces.
  1-24. A warfighting function is a group of tasks and systems united by a common purpose that commanders
  use to accomplish missions and training objectives (ADP 3-0). Synchronizing the six warfighting functions
  through prior planning and preparation increases a unit’s effectiveness when executing operations. The six
  warfighting functions are—
  * Command and control.
  * Movement and maneuver.
  * Intelligence.
  * Fires.
  * Sustainment.
  * Protection.
  See ADP 3-0 for detailed discussion on warfighting functions.
  1-25. Each warfighting functions contributes to generating and applying combat power during operations.
  Combat power is the total means of destructive and/or disruptive force that a military unit/formation can
  apply against the opponent at a given time (JP 3-0). Synchronizing operations produces complementary and
  reinforcing effects that result in a powerful blow that overwhelms enemy forces and creates friendly
  momentum. Army forces deliver that blow through a combination of five dynamics. The dynamics of combat
  power are—
  * Leadership.
  * Firepower.
  * Information.
  * Mobility.
  * Survivability.
  See FM 3-0 for more information on each dynamic of combat power.
  1-26. Tactics don’t happen in isolation, and they are influenced by a large variety of considerations. The
  remainder of this chapter discusses general tactical considerations broken down by warfighting function and
  are applicable to all types of operations. These considerations are in addition to those offensive and defensive
  specific considerations discussed separately in Chapter 3 and Chapter 8.
  COMMAND AND CONTROL WARFIGHTING FUNCTION
  1-27. The command and control warfighting function is the related tasks and a system that enable
  commanders to synchronize and converge all elements of power (ADP 3-0). The primary purpose of the