text: Foundations of Fire Support and the Role of the Field Artillery
  Table 1-4. Fire support considerations for operational framework (continued)
  Operational framework models Fire support considerations
  (not all inclusive)
  Rear operations are tactical actions • Assess and weight risk of diverting
  behind major subordinate maneuver FS C2, delivery, and collection
  forces that facilitate movement, extend assets from supporting deep/close
  Rear Operations
  operational reach, and maintain operations to supporting rear
  desired tempo (FM 3-0). operations.
  • Allocate multi-domain and joint
  assets to support rear operations
  and bolster security for rear
  operations.
  Main Effort A main effort is a designated • Use principles of execution (see
  subordinate unit whose mission at a chapter 3).
  given point in time is most critical to
  overall mission success (ADP 3-0).
  Supporting Effort A supporting effort is a designated • Use principles of execution to inform
  subordinate unit with a mission that resourcing and types of command
  supports the success of the main effort and support relationships to the
  (ADP 3-0). supporting effort (see chapter 3).
  Reserve A reserve is that portion of a body of • Field artillery is never in reserve.
  troops that is withheld from action at (see principles of execution chapter
  the beginning of an engagement to be 3).
  available for a decisive movement
  (ADP 3-90).
  ACM – airspace coordinating measure, AO – area of operations, C2 – command and control, CAS – close air support,
  EA – engagement area, FA – field artillery, FS – fire support, FSCM – fire support coordination measure,
  HPT – high-payoff target, IADS – integrated air defense systems, IFC – integrated fires command
  THE FIELD ARTILLERY’S ROLE AND CORE COMPETENCIES
  1-26. A role is the broad and enduring purpose for which the organization or branch is established (ADP 1-
  01). A branch has only one role. The role of the FA is to destroy, neutralize, or suppress the enemy by cannon,
  rocket, and missile fire and to integrate and synchronize all FS assets into operations. This role clearly
  establishes why the FA was created-what our branch uniquely contributes to the conduct of combined and
  joint operations.
  1-27. A core competency is an essential and enduring capability that a branch or an organization provides to
  Army operations (ADP 1-01). The FA has two core competencies that describe what our branch contributes
  to our Nation's security and to the JFC:
  * To coordinate fire support, which is the planning and executing of fire so targets are adequately
  covered by a suitable weapon or group of weapons (see JP 3-09).
  * To deliver indirect fire. Indirect fire is fire delivered at a target not visible to the firing unit.
  THE FIRE SUPPORT SYSTEM
  1-28. Fire support is achieved through simultaneous and coordinated interaction of all the elements of the
  joint FS system, thorough continuous planning, aggressive coordination, and vigorous execution at all
  echelons of command. The FS system elements (figure 1-1 on page 1-13) are:
  * C2 (personnel, command posts (CPs), networks, processes, and procedures).
  * TA.
  * Attack/delivery systems.
  1-29. These elements are the tools commanders use to make FS work. How they use these tools depends on
  how well commanders and staffs understand and integrate the core competency of the FS coordination
  process. This process must occur simultaneously at all echelons of command, but it is more complex at
  echelons above brigade.