text: Chapter 4
  4-31. In multinational organizations, each troop-contributing nation is responsible for the discipline of its
  military personnel. Accordingly, the U.S. element of the multinational organization will require military
  justice support.
  4-32. Legal administrators resource military justice operations in both garrison and deployed environments.
  They serve as the technical experts for military justice applications and processes. They are directly
  responsible for planning, resourcing, sustaining, and securing courtroom systems and facilities. Legal
  administrators facilitate the travel of witnesses, experts, counsel, and members of judicial and administrative
  proceedings. They are responsible for initiating, coordinating, and overseeing contracts in support of military
  justice operations. They ensure network services are available to facilitate the use of Military Justice Online
  and other network platforms.
  4-33. Paralegal NCOs and Soldiers interview witnesses, prepare courts-martial documents, draft charges and
  specifications, and record and transcribe judicial and administrative proceedings and investigations. They
  prepare and manage records of nonjudicial punishment, memoranda of reprimand, and officer elimination
  and enlisted administrative separation documents. They facilitate witness and court member appearances.
  They also coordinate and support logistics for all legal proceedings and hearings from administrative
  separation boards to general courts-martial. Senior paralegal NCOs-in-charge of military justice and criminal
  law sections review all legal documentation prepared by paralegals.
  4-34. Paralegal NCOs and Soldiers with additional skill identifier C5 are court reporters. Properly trained
  civilians may also serve as court reporters. Their duties include recording, transcribing, and certifying
  verbatim records of courts-martial, administrative proceedings, tribunals under Article 5 of the Geneva
  Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, and other proceedings required by law or
  regulation.
  4-35. Many military justice tasks are performed in preparation for deployment. A sample of some include—
  (cid:122) Align the convening authority structure for the deployment theater and home station.
  (cid:122) Ensure that units and personnel are assigned or attached to the appropriate organization for the
  administration of military justice.
  (cid:122) Request or accomplish required designations of home-station convening authorities.
  (cid:122) Transfer individual cases to new convening authorities when necessary.
  (cid:122) Publish a general order for the operation when not withheld by higher echelon headquarters.
  (cid:122) Mission training including briefings to deploying and home-station commanders concerning
  military justice operations and briefings to deploying Soldiers concerning the terms of the general
  order for the operation.
  (cid:122) Plan for prosecution of courts-martial in a deployed environment.
  4-36. Although TDS is separated as an independent legal function under the legal competency of legal
  support to Soldiers and Families, TDS’s mission is essential to the overall functioning of the military justice
  system. As discussed in Chapter 3, leaders ensure a strong and healthy relationship between TDS and
  government representatives in terms of the management of services and support, while never sacrificing the
  ability for TDS personnel to zealously advocate for their clients. (See Chapter 5 for more information on
  TDS support to Soldiers and Families.)
  4-37. The Chief Trial Judge, United States Army Trial Judiciary, and the Commander, Legal Operational
  Detachment-Judicial, provide military judges for general and special courts-martial, supervise judges,
  promulgate rules of court, and supervise the military magistrate program. Military judges are not within the
  local chain of command or the technical chain of the SJA. However, their legal tasks provide support to the
  Army as an organization. Military judges are normally co-located with the OSJA at a command headquarters,
  or they travelinto the area of operationsfor periodic trial terms, depending upon judicial workloads and the
  nature of the area of operations. Military judges preside at general and special courts-martial; maintain
  judicial independence and impartiality; perform or supervise military magistrate functions; review and act
  upon pre-referral requests for subpoenas, warrants, and search authorizations; and may be detailed to preside
  over military commissions. Military magistrate functions include the review of pretrial confinement and
  confinement pending the outcome of foreign criminal charges; the issuance of search, seizure, or
  apprehension authorizations; and, when authorized, presiding over special courts-martial referred under
  Article 16(c)(2)(A), UCMJ.