text: Chapter 5
  5-168. Truck companies should expect to provide unit distribution to units in the brigade close area and even
  into the brigade deep area to support screening and security operations. Enemy attack aviation and long-range
  fires capabilities dictate well dispersed march orders. Movement into the brigade deep area requires
  additional convoy security.
  5-169. During defensive operations, there are a number of different formations that require unique munitions
  support and capabilities. The field artillery brigade executing deep fires, air and missile defense units, combat
  engineers, and the CAB all have specific munitions requirements. The modular ammunition company
  provides ammunition support to these units while also providing ammunition resupply support to the
  maneuver brigade distribution company. The modular ammunition company must configure ammunition
  loads required to support the defense by type of ammunition and priority of movement.
  5-170. Sustainment planners should expect high demands on all field services during defensive operations.
  There are various types of field service companies and the role of each in supporting defensive operations
  depends on the type of service the company is designed to perform. Food service support for EAB units is
  provided by the field feeding company. This support must be part of the planning process to ensure food
  service equipment and manpower is coordinated to support feeding operations. For additional information
  on field feeding, see ATP 4-41. Field service companies execute operations based on priorities and support
  relationships established in the order issued by sustainment commanders. The field service functions are
  critical to rebuild combat power, prepare for transition to offensive operations, and to restore unit morale.
  5-171. Commanders provide maintenance support as far forward as possible during the defense. Maintenance
  collection points help reduce the need to evacuate equipment. The thrust of the maintenance effort is to fix
  as far forward as possible those systems that can quickly be returned to the unit in combat-ready condition.
  The support maintenance company performs field-level maintenance (including all low density) and limited
  recovery support to units on an area basis. The support maintenance company provides field maintenance
  support to EAB units that do not have organic maintenance capability. Test, measurement, and diagnostic
  equipment capabilities reside in the support maintenance company to provide calibration and repair support
  to divisional and EAB units. The support maintenance company and the maintenance surge teams are the
  only EAB units that perform field-level maintenance and limited recovery support to units on an area basis.
  The support maintenance company does not have technicians trained to make repairs on armored or Stryker
  brigade combat platforms. However, the maintenance surge team includes technicians that can make repairs
  on these combat platforms.
  5-172. During defensive operations, financial management focuses on supporting contracting and local
  procurements by funding paying agents to pay local vendors for specific defense operations requirements.
  Other tasks executed during defensive operations include securing and safeguarding captured currency
  (enemy, allied, neutral, U.S., or mutilated currency), commercial vendor services and contract payments,
  disbursing and funding support, controlling currency (U.S. or local), providing detainees with pay support,
  special programs, and supporting monetary compensation/consolation. Paying agents require a CSB-trained
  and appointed field ordering officer in order to accomplish payment of local vendors.
  5-173. HR planners should expect large numbers of casualties in a short period of time during defensive
  operations. They must be prepared to process mass casualties and large-scale personnel replacements (to
  include reconstitution) to maintain personnel accountability and build combat power to prepare for future
  offensive operations.
  5-174. Medical planners stay in close coordination with the other sustainment planners when preparing for
  defensive operations. Medical evacuation personnel generally must negotiate extended LOCs to reach the
  patient, complete vital tactical combat casualty care, and evacuate the Soldier. The medical company (area
  support) provides Role 1 and Role 2 AHS support to units supporting defensive operations. The medical
  company (area support) is attached to an MMB and executes area medical support operations within an area
  identified in the OPORD issued by the MMB commander. The medical company (area support) can task
  organize and is tailorable to the OE and the mission requirements dictated by defensive operations. There are
  several EAB medical companies that support one or more medical functions and may provide area support
  or direct support to a maneuver commander. For additional information on EAB medical support, see FM
  4-02 and ATP 4-02.6.