text: Chapter 1
  * Military engagement, security cooperation, and deterrence.
  * Crisis response and limited contingency operations.
  * Major operations and campaigns.
  Figure 1-1. The range of military operations across the conflict continuum
  MILITARY ENGAGEMENT, SECURITY COOPERATION, AND DETERRENCE
  1-30. Military engagement, security cooperation, and deterrence operations are ongoing and recurring
  military activities that establish, shape, maintain, and refine relations with other nations and domestic civil
  authorities. The general objective is to protect U.S. interests at home and abroad. IO contributes significantly
  to military engagement, security cooperation, and deterrence. Military engagement and security cooperation
  depend heavily on influencing partners and potential partners to align with U.S. interests and, thereby, prevent
  threats from achieving objectives in or through these same partners and the countries and regions they inhabit.
  Military engagement and security cooperation are themselves forms of deterrence, but other forms are
  possible. Deterrence is not only the actual capacity to harm another state or non-state entity who fails to
  comply with or accommodate U.S. demands, but also the perception of that entity that the U.S. has the ability
  to do harm, if provoked. IO provides essential support to the shaping and maintaining of this perception
  through, among other things, the protection of friendly information (OPSEC).
  1-31. Complementing IO support to military engagement, security cooperation, and deterrence, as well as
  crisis response, contingency operations and major operations and campaigns is the Attack the Network
  framework. This framework consists of activities that employ lethal and nonlethal means to support friendly
  networks, influence neutral networks, and neutralize threat networks. Since the aim of this framework and
  the purpose of IO are highly similar, commanders ensure their close coordination. (See ATP 3-90.37 for more
  information).
  CRISIS AND LIMITED CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS
  1-32. Contingencies and crisis response operations may be single small-scale, limited-duration operations or
  a significant part of a major operation of extended duration involving combat. General objectives are to
  protect U.S. interests and prevent surprise attack or further conflict. These operations typically occur during
  periods of slightly increased U.S. military readiness, and the use or threat of force may be more probable.
  Many of these operations involve a combination of military forces in close cooperation with other
  organizations. Examples include counter-terrorism operations; counter-proliferation; sanctions enforcement;
  noncombatant evacuation operations; peacekeeping and peace enforcement operations; show of force; strikes
  and raids; and support to counterinsurgency.
  1-33. Army forces conduct IO in accordance with existing contingency or crisis action plans (see JP 5-0). A
  potential or actual contingency requires commanders at all echelons to gather additional information and
  refine their contingency plans based on a specific area of operations or target set. Geographic combatant
  commanders may use the relationships and conditions in the information environment created during peace