text: The Army Engineer
  * Materials.
  * Services.
  * Waste disposal.
  HOST-NATION SUPPORT AGREEMENTS
  Wartime HN support agreements in forward-presence theaters (Europe and Korea) have been
  negotiated to provide HN construction support (facility modifications, LOC maintenance and repair, utility
  services). During contingency operations, HN support agreements tend to be less formal; however, these
  agreements are no less critical to mission success in the event of an operation. Such HN support is used when
  possible to free U.S. engineer units for critical missions where HN support alternatives are not viable. Support
  agreements negotiated in peacetime are on a resource basis. Resources may be facilities, contracts, or
  equipment. Again, this support is particularly critical during the initial stages of a contingency, when RSOI
  requirements are high and engineer assets are limited.
  PREPOSITIONING OF EQUIPMENT
  Pre-positioning engineer equipment within the region reduces the response time in a particular theater
  by allowing engineer forces to deploy by air and fall in on war stocks within the region. These pre-positioning
  locations are a critical element of the U.S. force projection national strategy and represent a significant
  contribution of HN support. Beyond direct HN support, multinational elements directly or indirectly involved
  in the crisis may provide other support. Other nations sympathetic to the cause may be limited in direct
  participation because of constitutional restrictions or political sensitivities. However, these nations may
  provide engineer equipment, supplies, or funding, much like the Japanese provided during the Gulf War.
  During a conflict, the HN may provide local contractors to repair or construct facilities. Construction
  materials (cement, asphalt, aggregate, lumber, steel) and contract labor may also be available. HN assets may
  also be available for providing local security and for transporting construction materials and equipment. Third
  country nationals may be available by request through the HN or by direct contact with nationals to support
  engineer activities. Engineer reconnaissance and assessment teams engaged in planning during peacetime or
  dispatched early in contingency operations are the key to identifying and accessing available HN assets.
  NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
  Relationships with international and domestic nongovernmental organizations must be established
  through negotiation. Most agreements are made at the strategic level; however, the operational and tactical
  commanders may have some latitude delegated to them. Agreements normally have serious legal restrictions
  on using military personnel and equipment. Some of these agencies may have unique and significant
  engineering capabilities that may be used as a part of the overall operational concept. These capabilities may
  be a useful source of Class IV supplies, not only for agency projects, but also as a negotiated barter for
  services rendered in support of the mission. However, these agencies and organizations typically request
  extensive engineer support for activities and programs. These organizations play an important part in the
  CCDR achievement of strategic objectives; therefore, the demands must be coordinated. It is critical that an
  effective engineer liaison be established and maintained with the force headquarters civil-military operations
  center.
  The United Nations may designate a regional organization, which has a greater vested interest and
  appreciation for the forces at work in a given region, as its operational agent to exercise control. These
  organizations have different operational concepts and organizational procedures. U.S. forces are familiar with
  some of these concepts and procedures (such as NATO exercise control procedures), but they are not familiar
  with others.