text: Appendix C
  DEFINING THE DEEP AREA
  C-4. A commander's deep area is that area that extends beyond subordinate unit boundaries and is not
  assigned to subordinate units. The establishing commanders, supported by their staffs, plan and control
  execution of all operations in the deep area. Deep operations are combined arms operations. Deep operations
  are not simply attacking an enemy in depth; they are the sum of all activities that influence when, where, and
  in what condition enemy forces can be committed into close operations. Deep operations typically include a
  combination of information collection, target acquisition, ground and air maneuver, fires, cyber,
  electromagnetic activities, and information operations. Deep operations are inherently joint, since many of
  the capabilities employed by Army formations reside in other domains outside of an Army AO.
  C-5. The theater army’s deep operations planning begins before the onset of hostilities while conducting
  operations to achieve competition objectives. It determines the desired cyberspace, space, and information
  capabilities required for large-scale combat operations against a specific threat. The theater army also begins
  planning for the return to competition and the long-term consolidation of gains.
  C-6. Army and corps headquarters play a significant role in physical and temporal deep area operations.
  Their planners must project into the future and decide what conditions must be created and exploited to
  achieve their objectives. A field army employs Army and joint capabilities to shape enemy forces beyond the
  range of corps systems; field armies also have longer range planning horizons that allow them to set
  conditions for corps operations. A field army may leverage capabilities that do not reside in the operational
  area against enemy capabilities that may or may not reside in the operational area. Corps deep operations are
  those activities directed against enemy forces not currently engaged in the close operation, but capable of
  engaging or inflicting damage in future close operations. Corps headquarters also coordinate the anticipatory
  sustainment necessary to support divisional maneuver in the deep area to exploit windows of opportunity.
  C-7. Division deep operations, reinforced by corps capabilities, focus on enemy forces and capabilities
  beyond the range of the BCTs engaged in close operations. They identify opportunities for BCTs to exploit,
  disrupt enemy command and control, and destroy key enemy capabilities to enable the rapid maneuver of
  BCTs. Division headquarters coordinate the anticipatory sustainment necessary to support BCT maneuver in
  the deep area to exploit windows of opportunity.
  C-8. Unit boundaries serve as a clear delineation in time and distance for where each echelons’ deep areas
  start and end. The distances and times will change based upon the mission and operational variables of every
  operation. It is in the designation and assignment of deep areas where there is often significant overlap
  between echelons. Corps and division deep areas will overlap with each other as well as with their adjacent
  units. For example, enemy forces moving laterally in depth may not concern the nearest friendly division,
  but they may be of great interest to a neighbor. Similarly, some enemy elements positioned in a division’s
  deep area may not have the same priority for the division as they do for the corps.
  C-9. Field army, corps, and division commanders can employ a wide range of lethal and nonlethal
  capabilities to conduct deep operations. These capabilities include artillery strikes, manned and unmanned
  aviation attacks, airborne and air assault operations, raids, reconnaissance in force, information and deception
  operations, and cyberspace electromagnetic activities. Additionally, commanders may coordinate for assets
  from other unified action partners to support deep operations through strategic reconnaissance or lethal and
  nonlethal engagements. Commanders may use these capabilities individually, but they normally use them in
  combination to create the desired effect. Deep operations may assume high levels of risk when air or ground
  maneuver forces are employed. Therefore, commanders and staffs must clearly understand the purposes and
  objectives of deep operations. They must also know the capabilities, experience, and training of friendly and
  enemy units to appreciate or justify the risks involved in maneuvering aviation or ground forces in the deep
  area.
  Planning Considerations for the Deep Area
  C-10. There are number of focus areas that echelons above brigade and their supporting formations consider
  when planning deliberate deep operations. This list is not all-inclusive, and commanders may adjust it based
  on differing mission and operational variables. Commanders and staffs—
  * Converge capabilities from multiple domains to isolate, penetrate, and disintegrate an enemy's
  integrated fires commands and integrated air defense systems.