text: Intelligence Operations
  Collection Management, Intelligence Operations, and Collaboration
  The success of intelligence operations depends on the G-3/S-3, G-2/S-2, collection manager,
  and MI unit commander (or their representatives) closely collaborating through some complex
  and interrelated tasks:
  • The G-3/S-3 tasks information collection, inside Annex L (Information Collection) of the
  unit order, based on the collection management plan.
  • The collection management team, directed by the G-2/S-2, leads the development of the
  collection management plan.
  • The MI unit must coordinate with and provide information to the collection management
  team during the development of the collection management plan; this is a team effort.
  • The MI unit staff plans operations and produces an order, including tasks to all collection
  assets, based on the supported unit order, including Annex L (Information Collection).
  • The G-2/S-2 and the MI unit commander must collaborate on and share responsibility for
  some other tasks related to intelligence operations such as maintaining the intelligence
  architecture, performing coordination, and planning IEW maintenance.
  • The MI unit must immediately coordinate with the G-2/S-2 or collection manager, who in
  turn coordinates with the G-3/S-3, if there is a need to diverge from Annex L (Information
  Collection) tasks.
  RECONNAISSANCE
  6-9. Reconnaissance is a mission undertaken to obtain information about the activities and resources of an
  enemy or adversary, or to secure data concerning the meteorological, hydrographic, geographic, or other
  characteristics of a particular area, by visual observation or other detection methods (JP 2-0). Reconnaissance
  produces information about the AO. It identifies terrain characteristics, enemy and friendly obstacles to
  movement, and the disposition of enemy forces and civilians so commanders can maneuver forces freely to
  gain and maintain the initiative. All units and personnel conduct reconnaissance; successful and effective
  units combine three methods to perform reconnaissance: dismounted, mounted, and aerial. Units primarily
  tasked to conduct reconnaissance with tailored and specialized capabilities include air cavalry and attack
  helicopter units, ground cavalry and scout units, chemical reconnaissance elements, engineer reconnaissance
  teams, and special operations forces. Chapter 8 discusses the types of reconnaissance. (See FM 3-55.)
  SURVEILLANCE
  6-10. Surveillance involves observing an area to collect information; the focus and tempo of this collection
  effort derive primarily from the commander’s intent and guidance. Surveillance involves observing the threat
  and local populace in an NAI or TAI. Surveillance may be a stand-alone mission or part of a reconnaissance
  mission (particularly area reconnaissance). Surveillance is tiered and layered with technical assets that collect
  information; it is passive and continuous. (See FM 3-55.)
  6-11. Surveillance tasks can be performed by—
  ⚫ A variety of assets (in the land, maritime, air, space, and cyberspace domains).
  ⚫ Means (Soldiers and systems such as artillery and air defense radars).
  ⚫ Mediums (throughout the EMS).
  SECURITY OPERATIONS
  6-12. Security operations are those operations performed by commanders to provide early and accurate
  warning of enemy operations, to provide the forces being protected with time and maneuver space within
  which to react to the enemy, and to develop the situation to allow commanders to effectively use their
  protected forces. (ADP 3-90). Security operations are enabling operations that occur during all operations.
  (See FM 3-55.) Commanders usually conduct enabling operations as part of their objectives or supporting
  efforts. The security force uses a combination of reconnaissance and surveillance assets to accomplish its
  mission. Chapter 8 discusses the types of security operations. (See FM 3-55.)