text: Chapter 5
  management process divides the effort into preliminary planning, detailed planning, and project execution.
  Currently, when engineer planners are focused on general engineering tasks, they often rely on the JCMS to
  produce the products required by the project management system. These products include the design,
  activities list, logic network, critical path method or Gantt chart, bill of materials, and other products.
  Effective products produced during the planning phases also greatly assist during the construction phase. In
  addition to the JCMS and Army Facilities Components System, the engineer has various other reachback
  tools and organizations that can exploit resources, capabilities, and expertise that are not organic to the unit
  that requires them. Examples of such tools and organizations include the USAES, UROC, the Air Force Civil
  Engineer Support Agency, and the NAVFAC.
  The project management process normally begins at the unit level with the construction directive. This
  gives the who, what, when, where, and why of a particular project and is similar to an OPORD in its scope
  and purpose. Critical to the construction directive are plans, specifications, and the items essential for project
  success. Units may also receive general engineering missions as part of an OPORD, a fragmentary order, a
  warning order, or verbally. When leaders analyze a construction directive, it is viewed as a fragmentary order.
  Information required for a thorough mission analysis exists in an OPORD issued for a specific contingency
  operation.
  MAJOR ACTIVITIES DURING OPERATIONS
  Applications of engineer support efforts at EAB must remain integrated within the combined arms
  framework. Integration enables a synchronized application of combat power, maximizing the effect of the
  engineering effort. In general, the engineer staff at EAB or of a joint force assists their commander by
  furnishing engineer advice and recommendations to the commander and other staff members; preparing those
  portions of plans, estimates, and orders that pertain to engineering; participating on boards and working
  groups, as necessary; and coordinating and supervising engineer units and other activities within the engineer
  staff’s span of control. The running estimate is a tool that assists the engineer staff in navigating the various
  processes and activities involved in conducting operations while considering the application of engineer
  combat power.
  CONTINUOUS REFINEMENT
  As more detailed engineer requirements are refined in collaborative planning with subordinate
  echelons and headquarters, the engineer effort remains synchronized with the combined arms team by
  integrating across warfighting functions (see table 5-5, page 5-19).
  As engineer requirements are identified and continually refined, the engineer disciplines offer
  organization into categories of related capabilities and activities (see table 5-7). Assessments of engineer
  requirements in terms of the engineer disciplines assist in tailoring the engineer force.