text: FM 7-100.1________________________________________________________________________________
  for their deployment. The ground forces, for which air defenses provide cover,
  are quite mobile and frequently change formation as they deploy. The air en-
  emy is mobile and can attack from many directions or altitudes. Therefore,
  the commander must use to the maximum the mobility and firepower of his
  assets, creating optimum groupings and fire plans.
  Continuity
  9-17. Air defense forces must provide continuous protection of critical or-
  ganizations and assets. Only constantly-moving air defense units that have
  adequate logistics support can ensure comprehensive air coverage. They
  must provide air defense day or night in all weather conditions. Mobility
  contributes directly to continuity.
  Initiative
  9-18. The modern battlefield is a fluid and volatile environment. Air defense
  unit commanders must respond to constant changes in the situation with ini-
  tiative and aggressive action. Units must continue to operate efficiently even
  when communications with other air defense units fail. For example, if the
  supported unit receives a modified mission, the air defense commander must
  reevaluate his own unit’s deployment in light of the new requirements. He also
  must be aware of changes in the tactics that enemy air forces are employing.
  Coordination
  9-19. The OPFOR stresses coordination between air defense units and
  supported maneuver units, other air defense units, and units of other arms
  performing air defense functions. It views air defense as a single, integrated
  system composed of various parts. Air defense is an integral element of the
  air and ground battle.
  9-20. All tactical-level air defense weapons must coordinate precisely with
  flanking units, with operational-level air defense units, and with aviation
  units. Failure to coordinate can result in gaps in the air defense umbrella,
  excessive ammunition expenditure, and casualties to friendly air forces. To
  achieve efficient coordination, the OPFOR stresses centralization of control,
  with operational-level headquarters playing a key role as a land-air interface.
  Security
  9-21. The OPFOR recognizes that enemy air assets can attack from any
  quarter. Therefore, it must provide security for units anywhere on the battlefield
  or in sanctuary areas against air attack from any direction. Air defense must
  function with unremitting reliability and overall security. This requires careful
  deployment, uninterrupted ammunition supply, and a comprehensive early-
  warning system. Commanders must factor security into air defense planning.
  COMMAND AND CONTROL
  9-22. The OPFOR combines ground-based national-, operational-, and tactical-
  level air defense assets with fixed-wing aircraft forces to provide an integrated
  air defense umbrella for ground units. Consequently, effective control of the