text: Mission Command
  4-310. BCT efforts to prevent degraded command and control systems include—
  (cid:122) Minimize length of frequency modulation transmissions.
  (cid:122) Use terrain to mask transmission signatures.
  (cid:122) Employment of directional antennas.
  (cid:122) Require physical presence of leaders at briefings, for example distribute information via analog
  means in person.
  (cid:122) Use of camouflage and deception in all domains.
  (cid:122) Use ofcommunications windows to reduce transmissions.
  (cid:122) Employment of encryption/cypher techniques.
  AIR GROUND OPERATIONS
  4-311. Air and ground forces must integrate effectively and properly plan, coordinate, synchronize, and
  conduct operations with a combination of lethal joint fires and nonlethal actionsto minimize the potential for
  fratricide, allied casualties, noncombatant casualties, and un-intended excessive collateral damage.
  Integration,the arrangement of military forces and their actions to create a force that operates by engaging
  as a whole (JP 1),maximizes combat power through synergy of both forces. The integration of air operations
  into the ground commander’s scheme of maneuver may also require integration of other Services or
  multinational partners. Integration continues through planning,preparation,execution,and assessment. The
  BCT commander and staff must consider the following framework fundamentals to ensure effective
  integration of air and ground maneuver forces:
  (cid:122) Understanding capabilities and limitations of each force.
  (cid:122) SOPs.
  (cid:122) Habitual relationships.
  (cid:122) Regular training events.
  (cid:122) Airspace management.
  (cid:122) Maximizing and concentrating effects of available assets.
  (cid:122) Employment methods.
  (cid:122) Synchronization.
  AIRSPACE MANAGEMENT
  4-312. Airspace management is the coordination, integration, and regulation of the use of airspace of
  defined dimensions (JP 3-52). Airspace management is essential to integrate all airspace uses (manned and
  unmanned aircraft and indirect fires). Properly developed airspace coordinating measures facilitate
  reconnaissance and security operations and the BCT’s employment of aerial and surface-based fires
  simultaneously as well as unmanned assets to maintain surveillance. Airspace management includes
  identifying airspace users’ requirements and processing airspace coordinating measures requirements to
  satisfy thesynchronization of operational timelines and events.It is critical to process airspace coordinating
  measures requirements per higher headquarters battle rhythm to meet joint force suspense to get airspace
  requirements integrated into the theater airspace control system and published on the airspace control order.
  (SeeFM 3-52 and ATP3-52.1for additional information.)
  DIVISIONJOINT AIR-GROUND INTEGRATION CENTER
  4-313. The BCT commander uses the division JAGIC to ensure continuous collaboration with unified
  action partners to integrate fires and to use airspace effectively. The BCT fire support cell sends requests for
  division level Army and joint fires to the JAGIC in the current operations integrating cell of the division.
  Upon receipt of the request for fire or joint tactical air strike request (DD Form 1972 [Joint Tactical Air
  Strike Request]), the JAGIC develops targeting solutions and coordinates airspace requirements.
  Additionally, the JAGIC conducts collateral damage estimation and reviews available ground and air
  component fires capabilities to determine the most effective attack method. (SeeATP 3-91.1 for additional
  information on the JAGIC.)