text: Army Air and Missile Defense
  1-10. ADA forces conduct AMD operations to support U.S. forces across the range of military operations,
  from military deterrence and engagement through large-scale combat operations. The primary ADA
  capabilities in executing AMD operations are:
  * Defeat the full range of enemy air and missile threats encountered in current and future geo-
  strategic, operational, and tactical fights. The threat spectrum encompasses ballistic missiles,
  ranging from intercontinental to close-range ballistic missiles; cruise missiles; UASs; RAM;
  tactical air-to-surface missiles; and fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft. Threat details are provided in
  chapter 3.
  * Integrate with Army, joint, interorganizational, and multinational elements. ADA forces establish
  and maintain tactical data linkages to other service and multinational forces conducting AMD
  operations. This includes the ability to integrate across multiple weapon systems, sensors,
  effectors, and C2 nodes at echelon.
  * Provide early warning. ADA forces provide early warning by employing sensors to detect air and
  missile attacks and disseminating attack warnings to forces and, where appropriate, civilian
  populations. C2 elements disseminate early warnings (and all clear) only to at-risk forces and,
  when appropriate, to at-risk populations.
  * Enhance situational awareness. ADA sensors provide extended range surveillance of the airspace
  and detect, acquire, track, classify, discriminate, and identify aerial objects from near-ground level
  to high altitudes, in difficult terrain and in adverse weather conditions.
  * Contribute to airspace management. Army airspace management and control functions involve
  identifying, coordinating, integrating, deconflicting, and regulating the Army need for and use of
  joint airspace. Army airspace management ensures that airspace users are synchronized in time,
  space, and purpose interdependently with joint and multinational forces. Air defense airspace
  management (ADAM) cells in brigade combat teams (BCT) and AMD sections in divisions and
  corps work with airspace control elements to support management of the airspace.
  1-11. ADA forces consistently operate in a joint environment, maintain forward presence, and preserve joint
  operational access, protecting critical specified military and geopolitical assets throughout each operation.
  However, given the limitations in force structure as noted in para 1-16, ADA forces are unable to defend all
  of the critical assets dispersed throughout the theater.
  1-12. AMD is inherently a joint and interdependent endeavor. Each component of the joint force contributes
  capabilities necessary for mission success. In addition, service capability and force structure development
  reflect a purposeful reliance on all components to maximize complementary and reinforcing effects while
  minimizing relative vulnerabilities (JP 3-01).
  1-13. An ADA task force is a flexible deterrent option, showing U.S. resolve and commitment to our partner
  nations. For this reason, ADA forces are often called upon to maintain a forward presence. These ADA forces
  contain high-to-medium altitude air defense capabilities such as those found in the Patriot, Terminal High
  Altitude Area Defense (THAAD), and AN/TPY-2 forward-based mode radar systems. Thus, ADA forces
  project national power and set the conditions within the theater for projection of additional combat power.
  1-14. Entry operations are likely to be contested, as the time of greatest vulnerability is in the early phases
  of deployment. Enemy forces are expected to concentrate on access points with air and artillery munitions
  to deny U.S. build-up of forces. Forward deployed or early entering ADA forces provide defense of these
  access points to support U.S. massing of critical combat power to seize the initiative. As the campaign
  progresses, ADA forces, with supporting joint and multinational AMD elements, continue to protect access
  points, enabling the flow of combat power, logistics, and sustainment elements.
  1-15. ADA forces of appropriate strength are allocated to defend critical high value military and geopolitical
  assets. AMD principles and employment tenets provide a means of assessing the allocation of ADA forces
  to provide the right force in the right place to adequately defend these assets.
  1-16. The number and dispersal of critical assets will exceed the ability of the ADA force to defend against
  the air and missile threats. The criticality, vulnerability, and threat methodology is used in the planning
  process to prioritize the assets on the critical asset list and allocate forces to evolve a defended asset list. The
  methodology enables an understanding of risk to undefended or under-defended assets, and operation plans
  can be adjusted in accordance with the risk and the AMD defensive coverage available. See chapter 2 for