text: Comprehensive Tactical Planning in Counterinsurgency
  COA Comparison and COA Approval
  4-127. These two steps are normally done mentally by the leader during TLP.
  Step 4: Initiate Movement
  4-128. As in any military operation, leaders may choose to initiate movement necessary to enable mission
  preparation or position the unit for execution. In COIN, this may mean moving US forces to an HN
  security force patrol base to conduct combined planning and movement.
  Step 5: Conduct Reconnaissance
  4-129. Whenever time and circumstances allow, leaders personally observe the AO for the mission since
  there is no substitute for first hand information. Leaders may also consider using a map, Joint Land Attack
  Cruise Missile Defense Elevated Netted Sensor System (JLENs), UAS, or attack reconnaissance aviation
  to conduct the reconnaissance if time, OPSEC, or other considerations preclude a personal reconnaissance.
  Step 6: Complete Plan
  4-130. Leaders incorporate the results of the reconnaissance, update information, refine their products,
  make coordination with adjacent units, including Host Nation units, and issue the final WARNORD. Extra
  time may be needed to translate the order into the Host Nation’s language.
  Step 7: Issue OPORD
  4-131. Leaders issue verbal or written orders to their subordinates, using the standard five-paragraph
  field order format. In addition, leaders use map, overhead imagery, or terrain model to enhance
  subordinates’ understanding of the mission. Additional time may be required to brief the OPORD in two
  languages if HN forces are participating in the operation. Units who have experienced OPSEC issues with
  HN security forces may choose to issue the OPORD to the HN unit just prior to crossing the line
  of departure.
  Step 8: Supervise and Refine
  4-132. Throughout the TLPs, Army leaders monitor preparations, refine the plan, coordinate with
  adjacent units, and conduct rehearsals. COIN operations use the standard five types of rehearsals. They are
  the confirmation brief, the back brief, the combined arms rehearsal, the support rehearsal, and the battle
  drill or SOP rehearsal.
  4-133. Additional time may be required to conduct rehearsals in two languages. Units who have
  experienced operational security (OPSEC) issues with HN security forces may choose to have HN forces
  conduct generic rehearsals, for example, clear a room or establish checkpoint versus the actual complete
  operation.
  Section IV—TARGETING INSURGENTS
  In major combat operations, targeting focuses on identifying capabilities or resources the maneuver commander
  must have effects for his operation to succeed, then attacking them with fire support, aviation, and close air
  support. During counterinsurgency operations, the role of targeting can include a broad range of both enemy
  and stability targets that use all seven COIN Lines of Effort to attack or influence them.
  ROLE IN COIN
  4-134. The expanded use of targeting in COIN gives the planner two key benefits: prioritization
  and synchronization. Because the counterinsurgent often faces multiple objectives, many without clear
  positional references, friendly courses of action may not be easily represented in terms of various forms
  of maneuver. Each may instead portray a series of targets that the unit must influence over a specified time.