text: Introduction
  Electronic
  1-11. With these aids, pathfinders can signal farther than they can with visual navigation aids.
  Electronic navigation aids include—
  y Homing beacons.
  y Transponders.
  y Radios.
  y Any other electronic devices that can aid in aircraft navigation.
  Visual
  1-12. With these aids, pathfinders can designate specific areas or points on LZs and DZs. They use them
  as GTA signals. Unfortunately, because visual aids are visible, the enemy can also see them.
  Day
  1-13. Visual navigation aids that can be used during the day include—
  y Panels.
  y Smoke.
  y Signal mirrors.
  y Colored gloves and vests for signalmen.
  Night
  1-14. Visual navigation aids that can be used during the night include—
  y Light beacons.
  y Lanterns.
  y Baton flashlights.
  y Strobe lights.
  y Pyrotechnics.
  y Chem-lights.
  Day or Night
  1-15. Pathfinders can make field-expedient visual aids for day or night.
  Infrared
  1-16. At night, pathfinders can use any infrared navigation aids that are compatible with their night
  vision goggles (NVG).
  COMMUNICATIONS
  1-17. Pathfinders use FM radios with secure capability and limited wire equipment. These radios allow
  pathfinders to communicate with aircraft, other pathfinder elements, and supported units. Incorporated
  homing capabilities in these radios allow pathfinders to provide navigational aid to aircraft.
  ASSEMBLY AIDS
  1-18. Pathfinders use assembly aids to designate troop and supply assembly areas. Assembly aids
  include electronic, visual, and infrared devices. The pathfinders can also use or make field-expedient