text: Chapter 3
  • Operations should be initiated from the HN government’s area of strength against areas under
  insurgent control.
  • Regaining control of the insurgent’s areas requires the HN government to expand operations
  to secure and support the population.
  • Information engagements favorably influence perceptions of HN legitimacy, obtain local
  support for COIN operations, publicize insurgent violence, and discredit insurgent propaganda.
  FOREIGN INTERNAL DEFENSE
  3-3. Foreign internal defense (FID) is the participation by civilian and military agencies of a
  government in any of the action programs taken by another government or other designated organization
  to free and protect its society from subversion, lawlessness, and insurgency (JP 3-07.1). The FID programs
  are used to support friendly nations operating in or threatened with potential hostilities. As a tool of US
  foreign policy, FID is a national-level effort that involves numerous US Government agencies all working
  together to eliminate the root causes of an insurgency.
  3-4. US military involvement in FID has traditionally been focused toward counterinsurgency.
  Although much of the FID effort remains focused on this important area, US FID programs may aim at
  other threats to an HN’s internal stability, such as civil disorder, illicit drug trafficking, or terrorism. These
  threats may, in fact, predominate in the future as traditional power centers shift, suppressed cultural
  and ethnic rivalries surface, and the economic incentives of illegal drug trafficking continue. Typical
  tactical involvement in FID entails conducting combat operations against guerrillas, conducting actions
  across all seven lines of effort to defeat insurgency, and training Host Nation security forces.
  INTERNAL DEFENSE AND DEVELOPMENT
  3-5. Internal defense and development (IDAD) is the full range of measures taken by a nation
  to promote its growth and protect itself from subversion, lawlessness, and insurgency. It focuses on
  building viable institutions (political, economic, social, and military) that respond to the need of the society
  (FM 1-02). IDAD is not only a single master plan, it is a compilation of all internal defense
  and development plans at the strategic, operational, and tactical level that a nation possesses. The
  fundamental goal of IDAD is to prevent subversion, lawlessness and insurgency by forestalling
  or defeating the threat and by working to correct the conditions that prompted the violence. Tactical units
  may only see the local government strategy, economic development plan, or the long-range military plan
  of their partner HN security force unit, which are part of the IDAD plan.
  JOINT, INTERAGENCY, INTERGOVERNMENTAL,
  MULTINATIONAL
  3-6. Successfully conducting a counterinsurgency requires a host of organizations. Brigade, battalion,
  and company commanders must integrate and synchronize their operations directly with the activities
  and operations of other military forces and nonmilitary organizations in their area of operations.
  TERMS
  3-7. Leaders must understand the terminology between joint, interagency, intergovernmental,
  and multinational operations.
  Joint
  3-8. Between military services (Army, Navy, USAF, and USMC).
  Interagency
  3-9. Between other government agencies, for example, Department of State, Central Intelligence
  Agency, Federal Bureau of Investigation, National Security Agency, USAID.