text: Stability Considerations for Transitions
  toward reconciliation at the national level, Army leaders should remain aware that reconciliation requires
  the belief of the individuals. All past wrongs are not necessarily swept away with the end of conflict.
  Individuals who feel wronged and unfairly compensated often harbor resentment.
  Transparency
  2-12. The principle of transparency is to establish openness, integrity, and accountability in the post-
  conflict government so it will conduct itself responsibly. This transition principle of transparency builds on
  the stability principle of legitimacy and host-nation ownership. With reconciliation established, external
  contributors need to assist in ensuring the new government of the host nation is inclusive so that all host-
  nation actors can develop trust. A lack of transparency can easily become an issue among all groups if
  resources and programs prove inequitable. A society is likely to perceive, for example, that the political
  elite or military controls distribution to improve its own position. In some cases, a government can easily
  control contracting funds, food, and other humanitarian aid. Even with the best of intentions, it can lose
  credibility within the society if its activities are not transparent. Without proper processes, programs, and
  supervision to provide accountability, failure will occur. The magnitude of external support can easily
  overwhelm a fledgling nation that lacks structures and control procedures necessary to arrive in the proper
  quantity to the right people. Lax structures and control procedures can lead to corruption, particularly when
  for a culture accepts leaders at any level taking a portion of the payments for themselves.
  2-13. Partners supporting a host nation must neither replace the government nor give the government carte
  blanche in operations until the host nation shows it can operate with transparency. External contributors
  should understand the difference between supporting the members of a society directly and giving the
  government resources it can use to provide for its people. Whether supporting the government or
  supporting the people directly, organizations help a fledgling government to operate effectively.
  Patience
  2-14. The principle of patience is to establish unity of effort with long-term interagency and
  interorganizational activities so the post-conflict government becomes successful. This principle of
  patience builds on the stability principle of unity of effort and purpose. All contributors must achieve unity
  of effort to build success over the long term. As in defense support of civil authorities, military forces will
  accomplish their missions, hand off tasks, and redeploy when other partners can continue remaining
  stability efforts without military support. Army leaders focus on the following to ensure successful
  transition:
  * Knowledge: develop in-depth knowledge and situational understanding of host-nation actors and
  dynamics.
  * Essential functions: focus assistance on essential functions, not all the problems in a particular
  organization.
  * Realistic demands and expectations: set realistic demands and expectations for fragile states.
  * Preeminence of civilian leadership: Civilian agencies should lead assistance to help build
  government effectiveness in the political, economic, and social spheres.
  2-15. Military planners incorporate long-term planning with the U.S. Government, IGOs, and NGOs that
  remain in the country to assist in further development. Incorporating the United States Agency for
  International Development (known as USAID) is essential, as it assists in long-term development. Many
  times when the military is involved in reconstruction, the military looks to make as much impact as
  possible during its current tour of duty. Commanders ensure that military projects and programs do not
  interfere with long-range vision of the United States Agency for International Development. History shows
  that the length of involvement needed to support the transition of organizations exceeds the political will of
  most external actors. This may be due to financial strains or erroneous expectations about the time needed.
  In fact, effective transitions may take decades to complete. In most cases, a post-conflict transition
  continues long after military involvement. (See ADRP 3-07, chapter 4, for guidance on planning operations
  focused on stability using lines of effort and the desired end state. The discussion in ADRP 3-07 includes
  force tailoring and task-organizing the force. Refer also to Senior Leader’s Guide to Transition Planning
  for information on transitions between joint operational phases.)