text: Chapter 7
  Special Operations During Multinational Operations
  This chapter begins by discussing the considerations for special operations in
  multinational operations. It then discusses applicable special operations principles. The
  chapter then provides general considerations and coordination. It moves then to a
  discussion of C2 for special operations forces. The chapter concludes with
  considerations for commanders and staffs including special operations.
  MULTINATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR SPECIAL OPERATIONS
  7-1. Special operations is activities or actions requiring unique modes of employment, tactical techniques,
  equipment, and training often conducted in hostile, denied, or politically sensitive environments (JP 3-05).
  Special operations forces consist of Active and Reserve Components forces of the Services specifically
  organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. For the Army, special operations
  include civil affairs, psychological operations, rangers, special forces, special mission units, and Army
  special operations aviation forces assigned to the United States Army Special Operations Command.
  7-2. As planning for multinational force operations begins, special operations planners add an evaluation of
  foreign capabilities. This evaluation helps determine the overall capabilities available to the multinational
  force special operations component commander (known as MNFSOCC). Army special operations forces
  (known as ARSOF) routinely conduct this evaluation as they accomplish missions in support of the
  combatant commander’s campaign plan. These evaluations help the multinational force special operations
  component commander make informed decisions. These decisions cover task organizing a nation’s special
  operations force contributions, assigning roles and missions, accounting for interoperability requirements,
  integrating national capabilities with each other, and creating interdependence among multinational force
  special operations echelons or subordinate task forces.
  7-3. Army special operations forces contribute to multinational operations by conducting special operations
  core activities:
  • Direct action.
  • Special reconnaissance.
  • Countering weapons of mass destruction.
  • Counterterrorism.
  • Unconventional warfare.
  • Foreign internal defense.
  • Security force assistance.
  • Hostage rescue and recovery (select Army special operations units only).
  • Counterinsurgency.
  • Foreign humanitarian assistance.
  • Military information support operations.
  • Civil affairs operations.
  PRINCIPLES OF SPECIAL OPERATIONS
  7-4. No single activity is ever conducted in isolation. An operation applies any combination of the activities
  that make up a special operation. The core principles of discreet, precise, and scalable special operations
  enable the achievement of objectives unilaterally, or with or through indigenous forces and populations.
  Discreet, precise, and scalable operations provide joint and multinational force commanders a flexible
  application of military capabilities in politically sensitive and culturally complex environments. These
  operations enhance the credibility and legitimacy of the indigenous population, host nation, or partner nation
  with which special operations forces work. (Refer to ADP 3-05 for a discussion on the principles of special
  operations.)