text: Chapter 1
  services, software (including applications), data, security services, other associated services, and national
  security systems (JP 6-0). Signal Soldiers and formations support Army operations with secure network
  connectivity and information services at all echelons.
  SUPPORT TO COMMAND AND CONTROL
  1-137. Combined arms maneuver is impossible unless commanders have the expertise and communications
  to synchronize Army and joint combat power. The science of control—regulating, monitoring, and directing
  unit actions—requires sophisticated and rugged information systems, along with a well-trained staff to
  employ them. Even knowledgeable and charismatic commanders cannot control everything beyond their
  immediate surroundings without the supporting personnel, networks, information systems, processes and
  procedures, and facilities and equipment (ADP 1).
  1-138. The command and control system enhances the commander’s ability to conduct operations.
  Commanders arrange the four components of the command and control system (see introductory figure-2)
  to—
  * Support decision making.
  * Collect, create, and maintain relevant information and prepare knowledge products to support
  situational understanding and visualization.
  * Prepare and communicate directives.
  * Establish the means to communicate, collaborate, and facilitate the functioning of teams.
  1-139. Signal Soldiers and units provide the network and automated information systems to support the
  commander’s exercise of command and control. Networks enable successful operations. Commanders
  determine their information requirements and focus their staffs and organizations on using networks to meet
  these requirements. These capabilities relieve staffs from handling routine data, and enable extensive
  information sharing, collaborative planning, execution, and assessment that promote shared understanding
  (ADP 6-0). Networks also assist commanders in projecting their decisions across the force. The Army’s
  network is the DODIN-A. The DODIN-A enables the warfighting functions of command and control, fires,
  intelligence, movement and maneuver, protection, and sustainment, and provides the commander and staff
  the information they need to support sound decision making.
  1-140. Signal support enables the commander to exercise command and control and to integrate the other
  warfighting functions (see introductory figure-1 on page viii). The DODIN-A and automated information
  systems enhance the ability to plan and coordinate operations across staff sections, cells, command posts,
  and echelons. Signal Soldiers—
  * Install, operate, maintain, and secure the DODIN-A (DODIN operations and COMSEC).
  * Formulate signal support plans as part of the military decision-making process.
  * Conduct information management.
  1-141. As a warfighting platform, the DODIN-A enables commanders to integrate joint combined arms and
  all elements of combat power. Command post personnel, information systems, and equipment must be able
  to support continuous operations while in communication with their higher echelon, subordinate, supporting,
  supported, and adjacent units (FM 3-0). The DODIN-A connects command posts, weapon platforms,
  dismounted Soldiers, and sensors, enabling the command and control system to—
  * Support leaders’ ability to understand, visualize, and describe the operational environment,
  problems, and approaches to solving them (situational understanding).
  * Support commanders’ ability to make decisions and direct action toward a desired end state.
  * Assess understanding of—
   The problem.
   Adequacy of the operational approach and subsequent plans.
   Level of progress.
  1-142. Adversaries and enemies will target command and control systems. Units must adapt their command
  and control systems to the realities of fighting peer threats. Conditions in large-scale combat operations
  require the smallest possible physical footprint and electronic signature and the highest possible level of