text: Chapter 2
  BOX FORMATION
  2-15. The box formation is a movement formation with elements arranged in a box or square, or two
  elements up and two elements back. This formation is only used when the unit has four security or combat
  elements. It is a flexible formation providing equal firepower in all directions. This formation can cause up
  to 50 percent of the force becoming decisively engaged simultaneously, thereby limiting the combat power
  available to maneuver against an enemy force. The box formation arranges the unit with two forward and
  two trail maneuver elements. Figure 2-8 on page 2-8 depicts a box formation. Units with only three
  subordinate maneuver elements cannot adopt the box formation unless reinforced with an additional
  maneuver element. The subordinate elements of the box usually move in a column formation within the box
  formation. Units often use this formation when executing an approach march, exploitation, or pursuit when
  they have only general knowledge about the enemy. Employing a box formation—
  * Allows a unit to change quickly and easily to any other formation.
  * Facilitates rapid movement yet still provides all around security.
  * Provides firepower to the front and flanks.
  * Maintains control more easily than a line formation.
  2-16. Using the box formation also has disadvantages. These include—
  * The requirement for sufficient maneuver space or multiple routes for dispersion.
  * At battalion and company echelons, the possibility exists of enemy units massing on one element
  at a time as the presence of other friendly forces can mask other element’s direct fires.
  Figure 2-8. Box formation