text: Appendix I
  Move on Hard Surfaces
  I-56. Any surface that is too hard to retain the indentations of feet makes visual tracking almost
  impossible. Ensure that the soles of your footwear are as clean as possible to avoid leaving deposits on the
  surface. Enter the hard-surfaced area from an off-angle, and leave as little sign as possible. Even as little as
  100 meters of hard surface can gain you a great amount of time over a tracker team.
  Camouflage Sign
  I-57. Any deliberate attempt at camouflage will slow any following parties by making them look harder
  for sign. It will also make the aging of sign more difficult. The best technique is to leave as little sign as
  possible. This is an individual responsibility. One person at the rear of the formation cannot cover all the
  sign left by a team of six. Each person must take special care at track traps and things such as ant mounds
  that leave definite signs for trackers. When crossing roads or track traps, try to step in the footprints of the
  Soldiers before you. This will make the job of countertracking for the last Soldiers easier. If you cannot
  completely camouflage the tracks, try to age them by brushing them or sprinkling debris in them.
  Walk Backwards
  I-58. Walking backwards produces a different type of print than walking forward, but only the most
  skillful trackers will pick up the difference. Used with other deception methods, this one can create some
  confusion and buy some time.
  Split Up the Team
  I-59. Multiple sets of tracks slow the tracker team, because following six sets of prints takes much
  longer than following one set. The team can then link up at a rally or rendezvous site. This is a great
  technique for use in tall grass or other areas where leaving tracks is unavoidable. Animal tracks increase
  the confusion.
  Use Animal Trails
  I-60. Wildlife that shares trails with the team will soon obscure any signs of human passage.
  Set Booby Traps
  I-61. Even if the tracker team fails to detonate the device, they will become more cautious. A few hasty
  devices such as a grenade and trip wire will slow them down considerably. The more they encounter, the
  slower they will move.
  Dog Trackers
  I-62. Dogs track by scent, so countertracking against them is more difficult than countertracking a
  visual tracker. One of the main ways to defeat a dog is to defeat his handler. A dog is only as effective as
  the handler allows:
  Change Direction Frequently
  I-63. One way to defeat the handler is to change direction frequently. A relatively inexperienced
  handler might perceive the dog's resulting frequent direction changes as a sign of indecisiveness. He might
  then think that the dog has lost the scent. Changing direction frequently in difficult terrain such as brush
  has the added advantage of entangling dog and handler, thus fatiguing and stressing them.
  Use Hard Surfaces
  I-64. Dogs track best on loose textured surfaces. Hard surfaces seldom retain scent as well. Use these as
  is tactically feasible. The effect of this technique depends on the experience of the dog.
  Travel in More Frequented Areas
  I-65. While not a preferred technique for a LRS team, traveling in more frequented areas might be
  necessary to throw dogs off the scent. Having to differentiate between scents can cause them to lose the
  scent of the team.