text: FM 7-100.1________________________________________________________________________________
  INTEGRATED AND DECENTRALIZED DEFENSES
  4-82. The OPFOR recognizes two general forms of defense: integrated and
  decentralized. The distinction between the two rests on the ability of the
  OPFOR to operate freely in the battlespace with full joint and combined arms
  synchronization and adequate C2 and logistics support.
  INTEGRATED DEFENSE
  4-83. A defensive operation is integrated if the OPFOR has the ability to
  achieve full joint and/or combined arms synchronization through all levels of
  command and throughout the battlespace. This requires a modernized C2
  system, a robust logistics capability, and the ability to operate relatively
  free of enemy influence in the support zone and battle zones prior to the
  commencement of full-fledged enemy offensive action. The OPFOR force
  structure possesses the first two of these characteristics, at least in relation
  to regional opponents. Thus, during regional operations and perhaps
  transition operations, it would often be operating in an integrated fashion
  unless the enemy is able to achieve a sufficient level of overmatch in RISTA
  and standoff attack capability to deny the OPFOR freedom of action.
  4-84. Integrated defenses are able to
  • Operate, at least partially, without the requirement for windows of
  opportunity.
  • Maximize the effects of destructive fire and maneuver.
  • Achieve operational decision through primarily military means.
  DECENTRALIZED DEFENSE
  4-85. A defensive operation is decentralized if the OPFOR’s C2 and/or logis-
  tics capability has been significantly degraded or it does not have the ability
  to operate freely in the battlespace. This typically occurs when the enemy en-
  joys significant technological overmatch, particularly in technical RISTA
  means and standoff precision attack. Decentralized defenses do not achieve
  decision in and of themselves. Rather, they focus on preserving combat power
  while buying time for the execution of strategic operations (see Chapter 1).
  4-86. In some cases, an operational-level commander may chose to adopt a
  decentralized defense to preserve his C2 and logistics, understanding that
  his ability to synchronize operations will be degraded. Operational-level
  commanders are constantly estimating the situation to determine risk versus
  reward for active measures. A decentralized defense relies on initiative of
  subordinate commanders and the discrete targeting of elements of the
  enemy’s combat system to reduce combat capability and expose enemy forces
  to destruction.
  4-87. To be successful, decentralized defenses must
  • Operate primarily in complex terrain.
  • Maximize the effects of countermobility and survivability measures.
  • Rely heavily on IW.
  • Make the best possible use of reconnaissance fires (see Chapter 7).