text: Chapter 1
  1-42. Operations to prevent. Operations to prevent “include all activities to deter an adversary’s undesirable
  actions. They are typically conducted in response to activities that threaten unified action partners and require
  the deployment or repositioning of credible forces in a theater to demonstrate the willingness to fight if
  deterrence fails” (FM 3-0). ADA forces are a preeminent means of deterrence in support of the U.S.’s
  commitment to preserve the peace by providing assurance of protection for our forces and allies. In that
  regard, ADA forces frequently serve as flexible deterrent options to demonstrate U.S. resolve. Forward
  stationed ADA units, such as Patriot battalions, THAAD batteries, and AN/TPY-2 forward-based mode radar
  batteries, further serve as a deterrent to our enemies by dramatically reducing their expectation of success.
  The deployed ADA forces are generally tailored as task forces with the right sizes and mix of capabilities to
  deter or, when required, defeat the projected air and missile threats.
  1-43. Presence, profile and posture define and describe the means by which ADA units can shape the security
  environment through physical and visual actions. Both profile and posture address the manner that units,
  systems, and Soldiers are present. Profile is the degree of presence, both in terms of quantity and quality. In
  offensive and defensive operations, ADA units can tailor their profiles in the number of forces or effects.
  Military deception can play a significant role by allowing commanders to make their force appear larger or
  more substantial than it is or to keep the profile to a minimum. Posture dictates how units or Soldiers appear
  to others and how they act towards them and is determined by the operational environment. See FM 3-13 for
  additional information.
  1-44. While prevent as discussed above focuses on an overseas theater, operations to prevent for joint AMD
  forces begin in the homeland. Prevent in the homeland denies an enemy’s ability to successfully attack a
  geopolitical area or installation. Army ground-based midcourse defense (GMD) systems are deployed in the
  United States to counter potential long-range ballistic missile threats, such as intercontinental ballistic
  missiles (ICBMs). ADA systems are emplaced in and around Washington D.C. to protect the National Capital
  Region against air threats. Navy and Air Force elements add capabilities to protect against air and ballistic
  missile threats.
  1-45. Large-scale ground combat operations. “Large-scale combat operations require the execution of
  multiple tasks synchronized and converged across multiple domains to create opportunities to destroy,
  dislocate, disintegrate, and isolate enemy forces” (FM 3-0). Army forces conduct decisive action to seize the
  initiative and dominate the enemy.
  1-46. “Joint force commanders (JFC)s strive to achieve air, maritime, space, and cyberspace superiority early
  to allow the joint force to conduct land operations without prohibitive enemy interference” (FM 3-0).
  Conditions preceding large-scale ground combat operations vary depending on the threat. Some adversaries
  possess significant capabilities to employ anti-access and area denial strategies. ADA has a critical role in
  countering anti-access/area denial activities and assuring access into a given region. The joint warfighting
  force’s ability to conduct force projection is reliant on ADA’s ability to provide force protection. When
  deployed, ADA units will be integrated with joint and multinational AMD forces to improve and extend
  surveillance and defend land, air, and sea bases that support operations in an anti-access and area-denial
  environment.
  1-47. ADA is a significant enhancer in the battle to achieve air superiority, or at a minimum, maintain air
  parity throughout large-scale ground combat operations. Large-scale ground combat operations require the
  employment of a considerable amount of ADA forces to protect the most critical theater assets, as designated
  by the JFC. An AAMDC will be positioned in the theater of operations to provide overall command of
  deployed ADA forces. ADA brigades and battalions may be placed in supporting roles to Army corps and
  divisions in accordance with mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time
  available, civil considerations (METT-TC) conditions and the JFC’s directives. In addition, ADA forces at
  battery and platoon levels may be deployed with BCTs. See chapters 5 through 10 for further discussion of
  the roles, capabilities, and AMD operations conducted by the ADA echelons, from the AAMDC to ADA
  platoon.
  1-48. Operations to consolidate gains. Consolidate gains are activities to make enduring any temporary
  operational success and to set the conditions for a sustainable security environment, allowing for a transition
  of control to other legitimate authorities (ADP 3-0). Consolidation of gains generally signifies a greater focus
  on security and stability tasks than on combat operations. ADA forces support operations to consolidate gains
  by maintaining protection of friendly forces and critical assets as areas are secured. ADA formations, in