text: Foundations of Fire Support and the Role of the Field Artillery
  confrontation with a threat actor armed with CBRN capabilities. Understanding threat CBRN weapons
  doctrine is important, particularly during large-scale combat operations.
  1-11. The functions and principles of FS must apply to an ever-increasing number of hostile global situations
  that extend across the range of military operations. The FS system must be flexible enough to respond to any
  number of operations across the conflict continuum. Threat operations across all domains will attempt to
  degrade all aspects of FS, from C2, to TA, and delivery.
  FIRE SUPPORT IN JOINT AND MULTIDOMAIN OPERATIONS
  “Employing Army and joint capabilities makes use of all available combat power from
  each domain to accomplish missions at least cost. Multidomain operations are the Army’s
  contribution to joint campaigns, spanning the competition continuum. Below the threshold
  of armed conflict, multidomain operations are how Army forces accrue advantages and
  demonstrate readiness for conflict, deterring adversaries while assuring allies and
  partners. During conflict, they are how Army forces close with and destroy the enemy,
  defeat enemy formations, seize critical terrain, and control populations and resources to
  deliver sustainable political outcomes.” (FM 3-0)
  1-12. Multidomain operations are the combined arms employment of joint and Army capabilities to create
  and exploit relative advantages that achieve objectives, defeat enemy forces, and consolidate gains on behalf
  of joint force commanders (FM 3-0). Joint operations encompass all five domains: air, land, maritime, space,
  and cyberspace that includes, the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) and the information environment. The
  employment of joint and Army capabilities, integrated across echelons and synchronized in a combined arms
  approach, is essential to defeating threats able to contest the joint force in all domains. Army forces integrate
  land, maritime, air, space, and cyberspace capabilities that facilitate maneuver to create physical, information,
  and human advantages joint force commanders exploit across the competition continuum (FM 3-0). FS is
  most effective when its effects are converged across all domains, and understood through the three
  dimensions (human, physical, and information).
  1-13. Combat power is the total means of destructive and disruptive force that a military unit/formation can
  apply against an opponent at a given time (JP 3-0). FS must also be integrated with our unified action partners.
  Unified action partners are those military forces, governmental and nongovernmental organizations, and
  elements of the private sector with whom Army forces plan, coordinate, synchronize, and integrate during
  the conduct of operations (ADP 3-0). An example of an Army FS capability employed as part of the joint
  force is long range precision surface-to-surface fires used to penetrate and disintegrate the enemy's A2/AD
  systems both on land and at sea. Disintegrate is to disrupt the enemy's command and control, degrading the
  synchronization and cohesion of its operations (FM 3-0). They are closely integrated into the joint force
  commander's (JFC’s) scheme of operations as part of the Army's overall FS contribution. The joint force
  commander is a general term applied to a combatant commander, subordinate unified commander, or joint
  task force commander (JP 1, Vol 1).
  1-14. The Army supports the joint force by conducting the four strategic roles of shape OEs, counter
  aggression on land during crisis, prevail during large-scale ground combat, and consolidate gains. The
  strategic roles clarify the enduring reasons for which the U.S. Army is manned, organized, trained, and
  equipped. Strategic roles are not phases of an operation or a task, and they do not necessarily occur
  sequentially or on distinct terrain. Rather, the Army contributes to the joint operation specifically by
  providing forces and conducting operations across all four strategic roles. The supported commander is
  responsible for conducting these operations on a simultaneous basis. The requirement to integrate and
  synchronize FS with these strategic roles is inherent with this responsibility.
  1-15. The Army’s multidomain operations concept accounts for the constant nature of war and the changing
  character of warfare. Its balanced approach guides how Army forces operate across the competition
  continuum given the prevailing characteristics of anticipated OEs now and in the near future (FM 3-0).
  TENETS OF OPERATIONS
  1-16. The tenets of operations are desirable attributes that should be built into all plans and operations; they
  are directly related to how the Army’s operational concept should be employed. Commanders use the tenets