text: Airspace Control Connectivity
  personnel forward that single integrated picture to the AMD workstation to provide air situational awareness
  for dissemination into a mission command system.
  Forward Area Air Defense
  C-23. The FAAD system (that includes the IFN), which is interoperable with joint, multinational, and unified
  action partner air defense artillery systems, provides real-time targeting and accurate and timely identification
  of air targets. It alerts indirect fire protection capability intercept and sense and warning systems and it alerts
  and cues AMD units and weapon systems. FAAD systems receive air situational data from tactical digital
  information links via the joint data network and radar (sentinel, firefinder, lightweight countermortar radar,
  and Airborne Warning and Control System) data via radar elements subsystem. When augmented with AMD
  sensors and shooters, FAAD provides joint command and control for engagement operations and displays a
  low-level correlated air picture with target cueing and tracking. In addition, FAAD integrates and
  disseminates airspace coordinating measures, rules of engagement, air defense warnings, and weapons
  control orders to augmented AMD units.
  APPLICATIONS
  C-24. Airspace elements employ two applications in airspace control systems.
  TACTICAL AIRSPACE INTEGRATION SYSTEM AIRSPACE WORKSTATION
  C-25. The TAIS airspace workstation (AWS) provides automated airspace control planning and enhanced
  airspace control execution. TAIS interfaces with Army and joint command and control systems and provides
  a direct link to the theater air-ground system through interface with the theater battle management core
  system. It also has an added civil and government interagency capability.
  C-26. For commanders, the system provides a visual three-dimensional airspace picture with near-real-time
  air tracks. TAIS combines multiple input sources into a single airspace picture for situational awareness,
  airspace control (to include clearing airspace for immediate fire missions), and fratricide avoidance.
  Combined with the electronic ground picture, TAIS provides the commander with visualization of the air and
  ground area of operations. TAIS enables ADAMs and ADAM/BAEs to digitally build, send, and receive
  airspace coordinating measures supporting the brigade unit airspace plan. TAIS publishes the airspace control
  order to the CP server enabling other mission command systems to subscribe to it. TAIS can also disseminate
  the airspace control order directly via e-mail to other mission command systems as well as in U.S. message
  text format.
  C-27. Fielded software provides a Web-based, net-centric, thin client application called the dynamic airspace
  collaboration tool (DACT). This tool provides airspace control collaboration and a three dimensional
  visualization capability for non-TAIS users. This capability extends key elements of airspace functionality
  to other Army users, joint users, and unified action partners on shared mission command systems without the
  need for these other users to have a TAIS AWS. The DACT allows all airspace stakeholders to collaborate
  rapidly and accurately on airspace requests in near-real time. For example, an Army brigade combat team
  uses its TAIS AWS to collaborate with a Marine Corps airspace agency using the DACT while an Air Force
  airspace agency uses the DACT to expedite dynamic retasking of assets across Service boundaries. In future
  TAIS software versions, any device with an HMTL 5 compliant web browser on the network can access the
  TAIS 12 airspace collaboration service whether by tablet, laptop, desktop, or handheld. TAIS capabilities are
  permission based and fully customizable by the TAIS administrator. TAIS will also run on Virtual Machine
  and Blade Server Configurations and each TAIS server can simultaneously support 25 full TAIS operator
  capability instances and 75 DACT-like client connections.
  C-28. Generally, the air defense system integrator provides air tracks to the TAIS. This integrator is a native
  component of a TAIS shelter. However, air tracks can also be provided through direct connections with
  remote TAIS via a network connection. All TAIS can receive BFT data through a network multicast session.
  Either TAIS AWS can pull air track data from another TAIS or it can connect remotely to an air defense
  system integrator in the ADAM cell or even a TAIS shelter through the network, provided such arrangements
  are made prior to an attempt to connect. The TAIS can only pull air tracks from a single source at a time (not
  including BFT) and the track data is limited to what the air track source is receiving and processing.