text: Field Artillery Operations
  THE PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SUPPORT EXECUTION APPLIED TO
  FIELD ARTILLERY ORGANIZATION FOR COMBAT
  4-36. Commanders and staffs must consider the principles of FS execution referred to as the memory aid
  AWIFM-N when planning the integration of fires into an operation. FS execution principles AWIFM-N
  considerations are:
  ADEQUATE FIRE SUPPORT FOR THE COMMITTED UNITS
  4-37. In large-scale combat operations the minimum adequate FA for committed units is normally one FA
  BN for each committed brigade. If a brigade is not committed, commanders must consider assigning a support
  relationship of the uncommitted brigade's artillery BN to a committed unit.
  4-38. Commanders never place artillery in reserve. Commander's utilize command and support relationships
  to weight the main effort.
  WEIGHT TO THE MAIN EFFORT
  4-39. The main effort can be weighted by a variety of ways:
  * R or GSR support relationships can be assigned to provide additional responsive fires to the
  supported forces in contact.
  * FA units can be positioned and assigned directions of fire to concentrate their fires in the
  appropriate AO. In this manner, units in a GS support relationship can add weight to the main
  attack or strength to the most vulnerable area.
  * FA ammunition may be allocated to provide for more support in a specific area.
  * Priority of FA fires given to the main effort (decisive operation).
  4-40. Support relationships from GS to DS provide increasing responsiveness to the main effort's
  commander. Minimal essential FS can be allocated to setting the conditions for future operations.
  IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE FIRE SUPPORT FOR THE COMMANDER TO INFLUENCE THE
  OPERATION
  4-41. The force commander should establish command or support relationships for available artillery with
  which the commander can immediately influence the operation. The practice of establishing FA support
  relationships of GS and GSR enhances flexibility and facilitates ability to provide immediately responsive
  fires for the force.
  4-42. The artillery commander maintains the capability to shift fires rapidly and add weight when enemy
  vulnerabilities are detected, or the force is threatened. As the engagement unfolds, the supported commander
  may shift the priority of fires to exploit opportunities as they are presented.
  FACILITATE FUTURE OPERATIONS
  4-43. Future operations can be facilitated by the assignment of a command or support relationship, the
  positioning of FA, and the allocation and positioning of ammunition (to include combat configured loads and
  ammunition issued for immediate consumption).
  4-44. The assignment of GS and GSR support relationships, as well as on-order command or support
  relationships enables the transition to a future mission. Another way to facilitate future operations is to modify
  the current command or support relationship in accordance with anticipated requirements. Commanders can
  apply CSR to FA units to ensure planned future operations are adequately supported.
  Maximum Feasible Centralized Control
  4-45. The optimum degree of centralized control varies with each tactical situation. A high degree of
  centralized control is preferred in a defensive situation. Since the enemy has the initiative, it is difficult to
  accurately predict where and when the enemy will attack.