text: Foundations of Insurgency
  Recruitment
  2-64. Local insurgent representatives address local grievances and conduct recruiting. Elements of the
  population who are dissatisfied with existing conditions or those who have been marginalized through
  psychological alienation are prone to insurgent recruitment. The cadre often gives credit to the insurgent
  movement for all local successes and blames government forces for all failures and problems. Every
  promise and appeal made by cadre members is associated with tangible solutions and deeds. Competent
  insurgents and counterinsurgents both seek to mobilize and sustain popular support for their cause while
  discouraging popular support for their adversaries. There are five common methods, used individually or
  in various combinations, to mobilize popular support. Knowing these five means provides an opportunity
  for the counterinsurgent to identify when they are being used and then counter them. The five common
  methods are—
  Persuasion
  2-65. Political, social, religious, security, and economic promises can often entice people to support one
  side or the other.
  Coercion
  2-66. Through threat of violence or abuse, insurgents can force people to support them. Citizens seek
  to ally with groups that can guarantee their safety.
  Reaction to Abuses
  2-67. Though firmness by security forces is often necessary to establish a secure operational
  environment, a tyrannical government can generate resistance to its rule.
  Foreign Support
  2-68. Foreign governments can provide the expertise, international legitimacy, and money needed
  to start or intensify a conflict.
  Apolitical Motivations
  2-69. Insurgencies attract foreign volunteers, criminals, and mercenaries who are often motivated by
  money or extremism.
  Measurement
  2-70. The reality of insurgencies is that the support of the population fluctuates between the government
  and the insurgency due to many factors, but no one side will ever possess the support of the total
  population. Trying to quantify why the populace favors the government or the insurgency is difficult, but
  evaluating the issue is important. Gauging aspects such as the reaction of a local populace to the presence
  of troops or government leaders can help estimate popular support at the tactical level. Asking the
  population directly or using surveys can produce valuable insight into popular support and attitudes.
  LOGISTICAL SUPPORT
  2-71. Modern warfare is inherently resource intensive. The insurgent needs to ensure continual access
  to supplies, weapons, ammunition, and money, and this requires insurgents to maintain open supply lines.
  While logistical support may be an insurgent’s greatest vulnerability, it can be difficult to interdict. As an
  insurgency develops and expands, logistical support increasingly relies on external sources. In a
  conventional war, insurgent forces often receive significant amounts of supplies from external sources—
  usually from one of the opposing nations involved in the conflict. The protracted popular war strategy
  emphasizes mobilization of the masses and requires considerable resources to build and maintain a counter
  state. The urban strategy requires significantly less support.