text: Chapter 3
  rhythm events so that one meeting’s outputs are available as another meeting’s inputs to include higher
  headquarters meetings. The battle rhythm facilitates integration and collaboration between the commander
  and staff, synchronizing activities of the staff in time and purpose, and facilitates planning by the staff and
  decisionmaking by the commander. In developing the unit’s battle rhythm, commanders and the chief of staff
  or executive officer consider—
  * Higher headquarters battle rhythm and report requirements.
  * The duration and intensity of the operation.
  * Planning requirements of the integrating cells (current operations, future operations, and plans).
  3-43. Airspace control planning is driven by not only higher headquarters battle rhythm but by external battle
  rhythm constraints. For example, the joint air tasking cycle (Figure 3-3), drives when UAP inputs are due,
  which in turn influences the battle rhythm of airspace control working groups. Planners disseminate the joint
  air tasking cycle, ACO timelines, and other pertinent airspace coordination instructions (specified in the ACP
  and the JAOP) into Appendix 10 (Airspace Control) to Annex C (Operations) of the Army plans and orders.
  Figure 3-3. Notional 72-hour joint air tasking cycle
  3-44. Working groups are types of meetings. Their cross-functional design enables working groups to
  synchronize contributions from multiple command post cells and staff sections. For airspace planning, the
  airspace control working group facilitates and synchronizes airspace collective task contributions from all
  the airspace elements. The airspace control working group, at a minimum, consists of the air liaison officer
  and representatives from: the airspace element, aviation cell, AMD element, fires cell, tactical air control
  party, unmanned aircraft systems element, and other staff sections as required. Airspace elements are integral
  participants in other working groups and provide expertise on how to maximize airspace use for information
  collection, targeting, and protection purposes. Some examples of working groups which airspace elements
  support are listed below.
  * Operations and Intelligence working group (intelligence cell).
  * Targeting working group (fires cell).
  * Protection working group (protection cell).
  * Assessment working group (plans or future operations functional cells).
  Airspace elements also assist the S-3 and S-5 or G-3 and G-5 plans and future operations cells in assessing
  airspace integration of air-ground operations.