text: Civil Affairs Operations
  dynamics, which can be exploited by external powers as openings to gain access and leverage into a society
  in order to influence that society.
  2-12. The civil vulnerabilities found in an OE depend on a several factors related to resilience.
  These vulnerabilities are often associated with the ability of populations, government institutions, and foreign
  actors in the OE to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, or recover from one or more of the typical threats to
  civil security as discussed above.
  2-13. Vulnerabilities vary based on the degree of stability that exists within the specified geographic area
  (particularly the degree of stability afforded by levels of civil security, civil control, essential services, and
  critical infrastructure). Lack of resources, lack of public confidence and support, and the activities of internal
  and/or external individuals or groups who intend to exploit existing vulnerabilities pose great challenges to
  those responsible for transitioning to governance or maintaining governance.
  2-14. CA forces, at all echelons, identify, classify, and propose courses of action to reduce vulnerabilities
  and leverage strengths within the civil component that could affect the overall mission completion. CA forces
  accomplish this through CND, CR, and CE. These mission tasks are focused by the civil information
  collection plan.
  2-15. CA forces (working with interorganizational partners, IPI, unified action partners and other government
  entities) will attempt to fully identify the vulnerabilities or potential vulnerabilities. Once military operations
  begin, CA forces—using all of their core competencies—will continue to identify civil vulnerabilities and
  strengths within the OE. When large-scale combat operations end, CA forces will execute TG, transferring the
  OE over to appropriate civil authorities. Once this transition to SCA is complete, CA forces will partner in DOS-
  led U.S. stabilization efforts to identify civil strengths and vulnerabilities in targeted operational areas during
  competition before they impact the security of the U.S., its allies, and its partners.
  CORE COMPETENCIES
  2-16. The CA branch provides four core competencies nested within CAO. CA forces may execute
  competencies prior to, simultaneously with, or in the absence of other military operations across the conflict
  continuum and throughout the range of military operations. The CA core competencies are mutually
  supporting. The missions nested under the core competencies are capabilities executed to accomplish the
  designated role of the branch. The CA branch has the overall responsibility to perform these missions to—
  * Enable the commander to visualize the common operational picture.
  * Consolidate gains.
  * Extend the culminating point.
  * Identify civil resources and capabilities.
  * Understand the civil component of the OE.
  * Produce effects in the civil component of the OE.
  * Synchronize, coordinate, and integrate civil knowledge into the warfighting functions and other
  Army processes.
  TRANSITIONAL GOVERNANCE
  2-17. The introduction of foreign military forces into sovereign territories often has a destabilizing effect on
  the integrity of local governance structures and their ability to control activities within defined political
  boundaries. When U.S. forces deploy to remove threat forces from a friendly country (or to defeat the security
  forces and governance structures of a belligerent country or non-state actor) they must be prepared to assume
  certain governance responsibilities over newly liberated or occupied territories until those responsibilities are
  able to be transferred to another authority. In DODD 5100.01, this military government requirement is listed
  as the sixth of thirteen specific functions of the Army. In turn, DODD 2000.13 requires the DOD to maintain
  a capability to provide expertise in civilian sector functions that normally are the responsibility of civilian
  authorities.
  2-18. According to NSPD-44, while the DOS has the lead for stabilization and reconstruction, the DOD has
  a requirement to support that effort. DODD 5100.01 directs the Army to establish military government when