text: Sustainment Operations in a Maritime Environment
  increased when Army watercraft are combined with watercraft capabilities from joint, allied, and
  multinational partners.
  PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE MARITIME
  ENVIRONMENT
  6-12. Sustainment operations in a maritime environment come with additional planning considerations not
  always present in other environments or domains. These considerations include planning for deployment of
  Army watercraft and actions to counter enemy threats.
  CONSIDERATIONS FOR EMPLOYING ARMY WATERCRAFT
  6-13. Employing Army watercraft will be dependent on joint, allied, and multinational partners for success.
  Army forces must be able to maintain control of land and air domains in order to successfully operate in the
  maritime environment. Control of the air and land domains is key to generating, applying, and sustaining
  combat power. Army watercraft and other sustainment forces must have a COP that can be shared between
  allies and partners in order to maintain situational understanding and enable decision making. Sustainment
  planners must be prepared to execute primary, alternate, contingency, and emergency communications plans
  to maintain situational awareness between allies and partners during crisis and conflict.
  6-14. Sustainment leaders must consult maritime subject matter experts to understand navigation
  requirements for inland waterways and understand tidal information and its effect on employment of
  watercraft. The maritime OE and vessel support requirements are complex and require expertise for planning
  and execution of sustainment in and across the maritime domain. Such expertise can be found in SDDC and
  the TBX. TSC and ESC SPOs may also have Army maritime subject matter experts assigned. Sustainment
  leaders must also consider impacts of population density on watercraft employment. In a maritime
  environment, civilian populations using inland waterways and littoral regions for commerce, trade, and transit
  may slow the pace and speed at which watercraft may operate. Poor soil composition, steep coastal terrain,
  and densely populated areas along inland waterways and in the littorals have the potential to change or limit
  where vessels can discharge or where logistics over-the-shore operations can occur.
  6-15. Army watercraft capabilities are essential for sustainment operations in a maritime environment.
  Seaport opening operations facilitate the arrival and throughput of equipment and units and are conducted in
  coordination with strategic and theater resources. USTRANSCOM and Military Sealift Command support
  the flow of personnel and materiel into a theater. SDDC supports all aspects of strategic seaport management
  in a permissive maritime environment and provides asset visibility information per the CCDR’s priorities.
  The TBX provides the CCDR with capabilities to conduct austere seaport operations in a nonpermissive
  maritime environment.
  6-16. The joint task force-port opening is a USTRANSCOM capability that is available to CCDRs to execute
  limited capability rapid port opening activities during contingency operations. The TBX is a FORSCOM
  organization that may be attached to a TSC and work in coordination with SDDC to support port management
  for an operation at the strategic port. In addition, the Army has an on-call mission to support joint task force-
  port opening as required. For additional information, see JP 3-02, JP 3-32, JP 3-36, JP 4-0, JP 4-18, FM 3-0,
  ATP 4-15, and ATP 4-13.
  6-17. Leaders and planners must plan for the execution of all sustainment elements (logistics, financial
  management, personnel services, and HSS) and all sub-functions during operations in a maritime
  environment. The logistics element of sustainment involves planning and executing the movement and
  support of forces. The financial management element of sustainment leverages fiscal policy and economic
  power to sustain military operations. The personnel services element mans the force and maintains Soldier
  and family readiness. The HSS element of sustainment ensures the behavioral and physical well-being of
  forces during operations.
  PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR ARMY WATERCRAFT
  6-18. Planning considerations for the use of Army watercraft must encompass all warfighting functions to
  ensure the plan is integrated. The following discussion describes considerations that must be taken into
  account while planning watercraft operations in a maritime environment.