text: PART FOUR
  Enabling Operations
  Enabling operations are operations that connect offensive, defensive, and stability
  operations together. On their own, they are not decisive, but they help set conditions
  for the execution of all operations. They are complex enough that they require a either
  a deliberate planning effort or a well developed and understood SOP to execute. Part
  Four consists of nine chapters that describe reconnaissance, security operations,
  troop movement, relief in place, passage of lines, countermobility, mobility, tactical
  deception, and link-up operations.
  Chapter 12
  Reconnaissance
  This chapter addresses general reconnaissance considerations, reconnaissance
  fundamentals, reconnaissance management, forms of reconnaissance operations,
  reconnaissance methods, and recuperation and reconstitution of reconnaissance assets.
  (See FM 3-98 for more detail on reconnaissance operations.)
  GENERAL RECONNAISSANCE CONSIDERATIONS
  12-1. Reconnaissance is a mission undertaken to obtain information about the activities and resources of an
  enemy or adversary, or to secure data concerning the meteorological, hydrographic, geographic or other
  characteristics of a particular area, by visual observation or other detection methods (JP 2-0). Reconnaissance
  is one part of information collection; the other three parts that comprise information collection are security,
  intelligence operations, and surveillance. Surveillance is the systematic observation of aerospace, cyberspace,
  surface or subsurface areas, places, persons, or things by visual, aural, electronic, photographic, or other
  means (JP 3-0). Although there are similarities between reconnaissance and surveillance to facilitate
  information collection, reconnaissance collection uses multiple means, including surveillance, to find
  information by systematically checking multiple locations in a designated operational area. Instead of
  focusing on one specific piece of required information, reconnaissance can help provide units with a broader
  understanding of the impacts the terrain, weather, and enemy that ultimately assists the higher headquarters
  planning efforts. Whereas surveillance is more persistent and looming and tends to be more passive. Units
  perform reconnaissance tasks before, during, and after other operations to obtain information that
  commanders and their staffs use in the IPB process so they can formulate, confirm, or modify enemy courses
  of action and to drive planned or unplanned commander decisions within the friendly plan.
  12-2. Reconnaissance identifies terrain characteristics, enemy and friendly obstacles to movement, and the
  disposition of enemy forces and the civilian population, so units can maneuver their forces freely and rapidly.
  Reconnaissance prior to unit movements and occupation of assembly areas is critical to protecting friendly
  forces and preserving combat power. Units also perform reconnaissance to keep their forces free from contact
  as long as possible so that they can concentrate on their main effort. Leaders at every echelon disseminate