text: Prisoners of War and Other Detainees
  entitled to POW status. Unprivileged belligerents must be afforded the basic protections discussed in
  paragraphs 3-4 through 3-13. In certain cases, treatment of detained persons who do not qualify for POW
  status will be the same as civilian internees, as discussed in Chapter 5.
  3-44. Spies and others acting clandestinely or under false pretenses, such as members of the armed forces
  out of uniform, who have engaged in secretive and hostile activities behind enemy lines risk being deprived
  of the privileges of combatant status (e.g., POW status) and are often treated as spies. Espionage and spying
  are covered in Chapter 1.
  BASIC PROTECTIONS AND HUMANE TREATMENT FOR POWS
  3-45. From capture until release and repatriation, POWs must be treated humanely at all times (HR art. 4;
  GPW art. 13). POWs are entitled to respect for their persons and honor in all circumstances (GPW art. 14).
  Further, POWs must at all times be protected against acts of violence or intimidation, against insults, and
  against public curiosity (GPW art. 13). Any unlawful act or omission by the detaining power that seriously
  endangers the health of or causes the death of a POW in custody is considered a serious breach of the GPW
  (GPW art. 13). POWs must not be denied quarter or murdered; LOAC does not permit derogation from this
  prohibition for any reason (see DOD Law of War Manual, 9.5.2.1). Additionally, POWs are forbidden to
  renounce, in whole or in part, their POW rights (GPW ar. 7).
  3-46. POWs must be protected against:
  * attack by other members of the force, including U.S. or multinational partners, or by members of
  the civilian population, and by other POWs.
  * If wounded or sick, the POW must be treated by qualified medical personnel as promptly as
  medical priorities permit. If qualified medical personnel are not immediately available and the
  medical situation warrants treatment, members of the capturing force should apply first-aid
  measures commensurate with their abilities. Only urgent medical reasons will authorize priority
  in the order of treatment to be administered (GWS art. 12; GPW arts. 19, 20).
  RESPECT FOR THE PERSON OF PRISONERS
  3-47. POWs must be respected for their persons and honor at all times. Female POWs must be treated with
  all consideration due their gender and will not be treated less favorably than male POWs (GPW arts. 14, 16,
  25).
  NO ADVERSE DISTINCTION AMONG POWS
  3-48. Subject to the preceding provisions concerning due regard for female POWs as well as GPW provisions
  relating to rank and to any privileged treatment for POWs based on the state of health, age, or professional
  qualifications, all prisoners are to be treated alike by the detaining power, without adverse distinction based
  on race, nationality, religious belief, political opinions, or any other distinction based on similar criteria
  (GPW art. 16). For example, singling out POWs for harsh treatment based on their race would be a violation
  of this rule.
  PROHIBITED ACTS
  3-49. Certain acts or omissions by the detaining power against POWs or retained personnel are expressly
  prohibited (GPW arts. 3, 13, 23; consider AP I art. 75), and the detaining power has obligations to protect
  POWs against the following acts or omissions:
  * Physical mutilation or medical or scientific experiments that are not justified by the medical,
  dental, or hospital treatment of the POW concerned and carried out in his interest
  * Any unlawful act or omission by the detaining power that causes death or seriously endangers the
  health of a POW.
  * Acts of violence or intimidation.
  * Exposure to insults or public curiosity. For example, POWs may not be paraded through city
  streets and subjected to the insults of the populace; POWs may not be publicly displayed in a