text: Chapter 4
  Troops and Support Available
  4-116. Leaders must determine the amount and type of friendly forces available, especially Host Nation
  security forces, coalition forces and the nonmilitary enablers.
  Time
  4-117. Use the acronym HOPE-P (higher, operational, planning, enemy, and populace) to identify the
  various timelines.
  Civil Considerations
  4-118. Leaders must use the ASCOPE method to analyze areas controlled by various demographic
  groups to obtain a better understanding of the AO.
  COA Development
  4-119. Leaders use COA development to determine one or more ways to accomplish the mission. In a
  time-constrained environment, leaders may only be able to craft one COA. For long, mid, and short-range
  plans, companies will need to develop tasks along all lines of effort. The six steps of COA development
  in COIN are unchanged, but special consideration should be given to—
  Analyze Relative Combat Power
  4-120. Leaders compare friendly, including Host Nation, all enablers and insurgent combat power.
  Leaders may incorporate analysis of pro—and anti—government populations.
  Generate Options
  4-121. Options should always consider employment of HN security forces and the HN government.
  Array Forces
  4-122. Array all enemy forces, such as different insurgent groups, as well as all friendly forces to include
  Host Nation security forces. Small units may also have to develop plans to employ special teams such
  as military working dog teams, tactical site exploitation teams, UASs or attack, reconnaissance, and assault
  aviation.
  Develop Concept of Operations
  4-123. Leaders describe the operation from start to finish. Especially critical is the creation of graphic
  control measures such as phase lines and building numbers to assist with C2 and clarify roles and tasks.
  The COA must achieve unity of effort amongst all organizations.
  Assign Responsibilities
  4-124. Assign responsibilities for each task including those for HN security forces.
  Prepare a COA Statement and Sketch
  4-125. Leaders prepare a COA statement that describes all significant actions from start to finish, as well
  as a sketch.
  COA Analysis (Wargame)
  4-126. To wargame, leaders visualize the operation from start to finish, evaluate the enemy’s actions
  and then modify their plan. With only one COA, often this step is used to synchronize the plan across
  the WFF.