text: Movement and Forms of Maneuver
  Figure 2-17. Envelopment control measures.
  Planning an Envelopment
  2-65. Successful envelopment planning requires knowing and understanding enemy forces and their
  capabilities. Units seek to maneuver the enveloping force around or over the enemy force’s main defenses to
  secure objectives on the enemy force’s flank or rear. From those objectives, the enveloping force can use its
  positional advantage to employ superior combat power against a defending enemy force oriented in the wrong
  direction. A unit uses information collection assets to determine the disposition and capabilities of enemy
  forces to detect and react to their operations.
  2-66. Units plan for the force conducting the envelopment to remain within supporting distance of the fixing
  force. Supporting distance is the distance between two units that can be traveled in time for one to come to
  the aid of the other and prevent its defeat by an enemy or ensure it regains control of a civil situation
  (ADP 3-0). Sustaining the enveloping force requires deliberate planning because only intermittent ground
  lines of communications (LOCs) between the echelon support area and the enveloping force may exist.
  2-67. Units develop branch and sequel plans to the envelopment operation to exploit the envelopment’s
  success. These plans consider the transition to a pursuit in order to complete the destruction of the enemy
  force or to halt and pass forward the reserve or follow and support forces.
  Executing an Envelopment
  2-68. A successful envelopment depends largely on the degree of surprise units achieve against enemy forces
  or the use of overwhelming combat power. The envelopment’s probability of success also increases when an
  enveloping force has superior mobility and intelligence, possesses air superiority, and has supporting efforts
  that fix the bulk of the enemy’s forces in their current positions.
  2-69. Normally, units orient the majority of their combat power toward where they expect to engage enemy
  forces, while assuming risk by placing less combat power on their own flanks. The attacking unit creates an
  assailable enemy flank using whatever means necessary. The enveloping force then moves rapidly to exploit