text: Chapter 1
  Figure 1-1. Operational categories and the spectrum of violence
  1-6. Most operations occur on the lower end of the spectrum of violence, and their objectives do not reach
  the level of vital national interests or national survival. These operations typically shape operational
  environments in ways that stabilize global security and facilitate conditions that are generally favorable to
  the United States. They provide valuable options to JFCs because they achieve objectives best supported by
  persistent presence, often at relatively low cost.
  1-7. While the overwhelming majority of operations conducted by Army forces occur either below the
  threshold of armed conflict or during limited contingencies, the focus of Army readiness is on large-scale
  combat operations. The United States always retains the option to employ greater levels of force when less
  coercive methods are ineffective, and when a vital interest or national survival is at stake. This requires Army
  forces to be prepared for the most demanding and dangerous types of operations. Army forces contribute to
  conventional deterrence through their demonstrated capability, capacity, and will to wage war on land in any
  environment against any opponent. Credible combat forces make the other instruments of national power
  more potent, and they help deter the enemy’s escalation of violence during other types of operations.
  1-8. Credible combat forces are those able to overcome the advantages peer threats generate within a
  specific regional context. Enemies typically initiate their aggression under conditions optimal for their
  success, requiring U.S. forces to respond at a disadvantage. U.S. combat operations typically involve force
  projection over long distances, providing advantages for enemy forces operating closer to their bases of
  support. Enemies typically have a degree of popular support cultivated through decades of propaganda and
  isolation from the free flow of information. This increases the enemy's will to fight and can make local
  populations hostile to U.S. forces and objectives. Although a combatant command and theater army may
  accrue a variety of advantages as they set the theater and prepare for armed conflict during periods of
  competition, Army forces are typically faced with challenges they have to overcome at the onset of hostilities
  and throughout the conduct or armed conflict.
  MULTIDOMAIN OPERATIONS
  1-9. Multidomain operations are the combined arms employment of joint and Army capabilities to
  create and exploit relative advantages that achieve objectives, defeat enemy forces, and consolidate
  gains on behalf of joint force commanders. Employing Army and joint capabilities makes use of all
  available combat power from each domain to accomplish missions at least cost. Multidomain operations are
  the Army’s contribution to joint campaigns, spanning the competition continuum. Below the threshold of
  armed conflict, multidomain operations are how Army forces accrue advantages and demonstrate readiness
  for conflict, deterring adversaries while assuring allies and partners. During conflict, they are how Army
  forces close with and destroy the enemy, defeat enemy formations, seize critical terrain, and control
  populations and resources to deliver sustainable political outcomes.
  1-10. Army forces conduct operations in support of joint campaigns which for the most part occur as part of
  a larger coalition operation. Leaders must understand the interdependencies between their own assigned
  forces and the forces or capabilities provided by others to generate the complementary and reinforcing effects