text: Stability Considerations for Transitions
  MEASURING SUCCESS
  2-35. MOPs and MOEs are the standard measures used to analyze progress when moving from one
  transition phase to another. As in any operation, leaders report on what is being done to achieve success
  and whether or not what is being done is successful in each transition phase. Army leaders use the
  assessment process described in ADRP 5-0: monitoring, evaluating, and recommending. Army leaders
  conducting operations focused on stability integrate assessments with partners. Designing the criteria for
  MOPs and MOEs is difficult. Equally challenging is determining what standard is being used by partners to
  reflect the host-nation norms.
  2-36. Interagency and interorganizational stability practitioners use various tools to assist in measuring
  success. However, no single tool adequately provides all the information necessary to show success in all
  situations. Military planners developing MOEs and MOPs should work with partners in determining what
  standards to use, particularly with host-nation representatives. Coordinating the MOEs and MOPs helps
  ensure all partners work to the same purpose and the same goal. Available tools include the Interagency
  Conflict Assessment Framework and the District Stability Framework (discussed in chapter 4). Additional
  interagency and interorganizational tools commonly used by stability partners for measuring success (see
  the references to access these tools) include—
  * The U.S. Institute of Peace framework, Measuring Progress in Conflict Environments.
  * The United Nations (UN) framework, Managing Performance in Peacebuilding: Framework for
  Conflict-Sensitive Monitoring and Evaluation.
  * The Department of State task matrix, Post-Conflict Reconstruction Essential Tasks.
  * The Sphere Handbook.
  * UN transition strategies at the UN Web site.
  2-37. Army leaders use assessment tools to determine what and how to measure in regards to individuals,
  relationships among the actors, and institutional and cultural actions and norms. Every operational
  environment will differ from the last. Understanding the current environment and the history helps inform
  leaders of the direction the transition should go and the look and feel of success.
  2-38. Transition involves a complex set of processes further complicated by the diversity of partner
  cultures. Developing a plan and ensuring integration of the host-nation populace from the beginning is
  critical to success. Reconciliation, transparency, and patience are crucial in successful transition. Though
  much of the support and resources come from external partners, the driver of transition must remain the
  host nation. Without its acceptance and participation, failure is imminent. Partners develop a collective
  approach along with the host nation to ensure unity of purpose and achievable goals. When individual
  partners provide their selective resources to meet organizational goals that do not synchronize with stated
  interorganizational goals and objectives, then wasted resources—time, money, and energy—may result in
  failed objectives. Finally, forces ensure the MOEs and MOPs are clear and achievable to provide a true
  picture of progress.
  TRANSITIONAL MILITARY AUTHORITY
  2-39. A transitional military authority is a temporary military government exercising the functions of
  civil administration in the absence of a legitimate civil authority. Under extreme circumstances, in
  which the host-nation government has failed completely or an enemy regime has been deposed, the
  intervening authority has a legal and moral responsibility to install a transitional authority on the behalf of
  the population. When military forces have invaded and are occupying enemy territory, a transitional
  military authority may be established. Under these circumstances, the military will take the lead in the
  stability sectors. However, a transitional military authority may draw assistance from experienced civilian
  agencies and organizations. These agencies and organizations have the expertise to establish a system of
  government that fosters the gradual transition to a legitimate host-nation authority. Sometimes, however,
  sufficient civilian expertise is not present or conditions of an operational environment do not support
  introducing such civilian expertise. Military forces may then be required to lead until they stabilize the
  security situation and can safely transition responsibility for the stability sectors to civil authority and civil
  control.