text: Chapter 8
  FOSTERING SUSTAINABILITY PHASE
  8-14. Fostering sustainability actions are those activities that encompass long-term efforts, which capitalize
  on capacity building and reconstruction. Successful accomplishment of these actions establishes conditions
  that enable sustainable development. Usually military forces perform fostering sustainability phase actions
  only when the security environment is stable enough to support efforts to implement the long-term programs
  that commit to the viability of the institutions and economy of the host nation. Often military forces conduct
  these long-term efforts to support broader, civilian led efforts.
  COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH
  8-15. A comprehensive approach to achieve unity of effort during stability operations tasks requires
  contributions from a variety of partners outside the United Statesand the U.S. Government. These partners
  include foreign military and police forces, nongovernmental organizations, international organizations,
  host-nation organizations, news media, and businesses. Many partners have no formal relationship with Army
  units but are, nevertheless, instrumental in achieving the desired outcomes. Army units must interact
  effectively with these partners to exchange information and strive for unified action. Army units demonstrate
  to the host nation and international community through action its character, competence, and commitment to
  adhere to and uphold the Army Ethic.
  8-16. When developing an operational approach, commanders consider methods to employ a combination
  of defeat mechanisms and stability mechanisms. Defeat mechanisms relate to offensive and defensive
  operations (see chapters 6 and 7). Stability mechanisms relate to stability operations tasks, security, and
  consolidating gains in an area of operations. Planning operations related to stability mechanisms employed
  by the BCT requires a comprehensive approach, as well as an in-depth understanding of the stability
  environment (see paragraph 8-18). Planning must be nested within policy, internal defense and development
  (IDAD) strategy, the campaign plan, and any other higher-echelon plans. Continuous and open to change,
  planning includes identifying how to best assist the FSF and developing a sequence of actions to change the
  situation. Planning involves anticipating consequences of actions and developing ways to mitigate them to
  attain conditions that support establishing a lasting, stable peace.
  Note. IDAD focuses on building viable institutions (political, economic, social, and military) that
  respond to the needs of society. Ideally, IDAD is a preemptive strategy. However, if an insurgency
  or other threat develops, it becomes an active strategy to combat that threat. To support the host
  nation effectively, U.S. forces, especially planners, consider the host-nation’s IDAD strategy.
  8-17. Considering the elements of operational art (the cognitive approach by commanders and staffs—
  supported by their skill, knowledge, experience, creativity, and judgement, see ADP 3-0) provides the BCT
  commander and staff with a combination of conventional forces while leveraging the unique capabilities of
  special operations forces, to assist in achieving operations focused on stability. The planning for and selection
  of the appropriate mix of military forces, civilian expeditionary workforce, or civilian personnel and
  contractors should be a deliberate decision based on thorough mission analysis and a pairing of available
  capabilities to requirements. Important factors to consider in these decisions include the nature of the
  host-nation force, the nature of the skills or competencies required by the host-nation force, and the nature of
  the situation and environment into which the BCT will deploy.
  SECTION II – STABILITY ENVIRONMENT
  8-18. Operations focused on stability, range across all military operations and offer perhaps the most diverse
  set of circumstances the BCT faces. The objective of operations focused on stability is to create conditions
  that the local populaceregards as acceptable in terms of violence; the functioning of governmental, economic,
  and societal institutions; and adhere to local laws, rules, and norms of behavior. During unified land
  operations, the BCT provides the means for seizing and retaining initiative through partnership with
  associated enabling organizations that are better suited to bring stability to the operational environment. To
  successfully seize, retain, and exploit the initiative and consolidate gains in operations focused on stability: