text: Appendix B
  Conduct Battle Damage Assessment (2.4.3.1)
  B-94. Battle damage assessment is the estimate of damage composed of physical and functional damage
  assessment, as well as target system assessment, resulting from the application of fires (JP 3-0). BDA includes
  known or estimated enemy unit strengths; degraded, neutralized, or destroyed enemy weapons systems; and
  all known captured, wounded, or killed enemy personnel during the reporting period. BDA in targeting
  pertains to the results of lethal and nonlethal engagements on targets designated by the commander.
  B-95. The intelligence staff, in coordination with the rest of the staff, determines how combat assessment
  relates to specific targets by completing BDA, which includes physical damage and functional damage
  assessments. Producing BDA is primarily an intelligence cell responsibility but requires coordination across
  the staff, similarly to IPOE and most steps of intelligence support to targeting. BDA requirements should be
  captured as PIRs or as similar high-priority information collection requirements. Together, BDA and MEA
  provide the commander and staff with an assessment of the effects achieved against targets and whether the
  targeting guidance was met. Based on this information, the staff can recommend reattacks when necessary.
  Conduct Physical Damage Assessment (2.4.3.1.1)
  B-96. Physical damage assessment is the estimate of the quantitative extent of physical damage to a target
  resulting from the application of military force (JP 3-60). The staff conducts a physical damage assessment
  to estimate the extent of physical damage to a target based on observed or interpreted damage. Physical
  damage assessment is a post-attack target analysis coordinated among all units and the entire staff.
  Conduct Functional Damage Assessment (2.4.3.1.2)
  B-97. Functional damage assessment is the estimate of the effect of military force to degrade or destroy the
  functional or operational capability of the target to perform its intended mission and on the level of success
  in achieving operational objectives established against the target (JP 3-60). The staff conducts a functional
  damage assessment for the threat’s remaining functional or operational capabilities. The assessment focuses
  on measurable effects. It estimates the threat’s ability to reorganize or find alternative means to continue
  operations. The targeting working group and staff integrate analysis with external sources to determine if the
  commander’s intent for fires has been met.
  Conduct Munitions Effectiveness Assessment and Reattack Recommendation (2.4.3.2)
  B-98. Munitions effectiveness assessment is the assessment of the military force applied in terms of the
  weapon system and munitions effectiveness to determine and recommend any required changes to the
  methodology, tactics, weapon system, munitions, fusing, and/or weapon delivery parameters to increase force
  effectiveness (JP 2-0). The G-3/S-3, in coordination with the fires cell and the targeting working group,
  conducts MEA concurrently with BDA and uses MEA to recommend an increase in the effectiveness of—
  ⚫ The methodology. ⚫ Munitions.
  ⚫ Tactics. ⚫ Weapons delivery parameters.
  ⚫ Weapons systems.
  B-99. The G-2/S-2, G-3/S-3, and fire support coordinator/fire support officer use BDA and MEA results to
  determine if operational objectives were achieved and make recommendations to the commander. Reattack
  recommendation—an assessment, derived from the results of battle damage assessment and munitions
  effectiveness assessment, providing the commander systematic advice on reattack of a target (JP 3-60)—and
  other recommendations must address objectives relative to targets, target critical elements, target systems,
  enemy combat force strengths, and friendly maneuver.
  B-100. Future target nominations and reattack recommendations merge the picture of what was done (BDA)
  with how it was done (MEA) and compare results with predetermined measures of effectiveness developed
  at the start of the targeting process. This determines the degree of success in achieving objectives and
  formulating any required follow-up actions or indicates readiness toward new tasks to achieve overall
  objectives.