text: Chapter 7
  Stability Operations Considerations in Counterinsurgency
  “Internal Warfare within a population, particularly in cities, generally involves an
  extensive police operation. There is also an intensive propaganda effort, destined
  primarily to make the steps that are taken understood [by the population]. A broad
  social program follows, the objective of which is to give the people the material
  and moral assistance necessary to permit them to resume their normal activities
  quickly after operations are over.”
  Trinquier, Roger. Modern Warfare—A French View of Counterinsurgency, 1964.
  Stability operations encompass various military missions, tasks, and activities
  conducted outside the United States in coordination with other instruments
  of national power to maintain or reestablish a safe and secure environment, provide
  essential governmental services, emergency infrastructure reconstruction,
  and humanitarian relief (JP 3-0). They leverage the coercive and constructive
  capabilities of the military force to establish a safe and secure environment; facilitate
  reconciliation among local or regional adversaries; establish political, legal, social,
  and economic institutions; and facilitate the transition of responsibility to a legitimate
  civilian authority (FM 3-07). In the absence of HN civil government, military forces
  will have to fulfill this role until HN, UN, or other US Government agencies assume
  these responsibilities. FM 3-07 describes in detail the requirements that may fall upon
  the Soldiers and leaders to perform.
  Section I—OVERVIEW
  During an insurgency, stability operations are executed simultaneously with offensive and defensive operations.
  They compliment and reinforce offensive and defensive operations. Because they begin to address the root
  causes that lead to the insurgency, stability operations are often the most critical for defeating an insurgency.
  There are five primary tasks within stability operations—establish civil security, establish civil control, support
  to governance, restore essential services, and support to economic and infrastructure development. Two
  additional tasks— support Host Nation security forces and conduct information engagement are added
  to produce the seven COIN lines of effort. HN security forces are discussed in Chapter 8, while information
  engagements are in Chapter 4. These seven COIN LOEs are a means for tactical units to manage a stability
  operation’s numerous tasks, achieve unity of effort, and restore the legitimacy of a Host Nation government.
  The stability tasks fall into three categories. This chapter will focus on the first two tasks:
  • Military forces retain primary responsibility.
  • Civilian agencies/organizations likely retain responsibility, but military forces prepared
  to execute.
  • Tasks for which civilian agencies or organizations retain primary responsibility.
  NATURE OF STABILITY OPERATIONS
  7-1. The stability tasks and their interrelation with the COIN LOEs are not sequential in nature.
  They must be continually assessed and re-evaluated. This iterative process occurs because units do not
  have the manpower to apply the same effort along each stability task. As in the rheostat, discussed
  in Chapter 3, success in the establish civil security LOE may cause units to apply more pressure along the
  restore essential services LOE. Figure 7-1 shows an example of a brigade that incorporated the five
  primary stability tasks into the seven COIN LOEs. At the commander’s discretion, this brigade has chosen
  to combine the establish civil security and establish civil control LOEs.