text: Chapter 1
  Information Collection Foundations
  This chapter presents information collection. It begins with information collection
  and knowledge and then discusses information collection and intelligence,
  surveillance, and reconnaissance. This chapter then discusses information collection
  activities and purpose. Finally, this chapter discusses information collection purpose
  and the primary information collection tasks and operations.
  INFORMATION COLLECTION AND KNOWLEDGE
  1-1. Knowledge is the precursor to effective action in the informational or physical domains. Knowledge
  about an operational environment requires aggressive and continuous operations to acquire information.
  Information collected from multiple sources and analyzed becomes intelligence that provides answers to
  commander’s critical information requirements (CCIRs). Commanders use reconnaissance and surveillance
  to provide intelligence to reduce the inherent uncertainty of war. Achieving success in today’s conflicts
  demands extraordinary commitment to reduce this uncertainty.
  INFORMATION COLLECTION AND ISR
  1-2. The Army executes intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) through the operations and
  intelligence processes (with an emphasis on intelligence analysis and leveraging the larger intelligence
  enterprise) and information collection. Consistent with joint doctrine, intelligence, surveillance, and
  reconnaissance is an activity that synchronizes and integrates the planning and operation of sensors, assets,
  and processing, exploitation, and dissemination systems in direct support of current and future operations.
  This is an integrated intelligence and operations function (JP 2-01).
  1-3. ISR provides commanders with detailed and timely intelligence. This intelligence helps commanders
  gain situational understanding of the threat and the operational environment. This is accomplished by
  answering requirements focused in time and space and identifying any threats to mission accomplishment.
  The intelligence staff provides commanders with predictive assessments of threats, terrain and weather, and
  civil considerations. These assessments also provide commanders with a running estimate regarding the
  degree of confidence the staff places in each analytic assessment. A running estimate is the continuous
  assessment of the current situation used to determine if the current operation is proceeding according to the
  commander’s intent and if planned future operations are supportable (ADP 5-0).
  1-4. Information collection is an activity that synchronizes and integrates the planning and
  employment of sensors and assets as well as the processing, exploitation, and dissemination systems
  in direct support of current and future operations. This activity implies a function, mission, or action
  and identifies the organization that performs it. Information collection activities are a synergistic whole
  with emphasis on synchronizing and integrating all components and systems. Information collection
  integrates the intelligence and operations staff functions focused on answering the CCIRs. Information
  collection replaces ISR synchronization and ISR integration. For joint operations, see chapter 6.
  1-5. Information collection is the acquisition of information and the provision of this information to
  processing elements. This includes the following:
  * Plan requirements and assess collection.
  * Task and direct collection.
  * Execute collection.