text: Chapter 3
  FSEs are more involved in the execution of the current battles, and they fight within the parameters
  established by the higher HQ and with the resources they have been allocated see figure 3-4.
  Figure 3-4. Planning and execution relationship
  3-39. This is not meant to imply that brigade and BN FSEs need not plan fires in advance of operations.
  They just don't plan as far into future battles as the FSEs at corps and division. In fact, the FS principle of
  use the lowest echelon capable of furnishing effective support, must always be considered by FS planners.
  FS planning, coordination, and execution should be done at the lowest level possible with the fewest number
  of elements necessary to accomplish the mission. For example:
  * A FAB asset with a GSR mission to a DIVARTY makes positioning extremely difficult. A
  preferred method in the offense is to make that unit R with the necessary restrictions to facilitate
  future operations.
  * SEAD should be planned and fired by the unit using the air support.
  FRATRICIDE PREVENTION AND CLEARANCE OF FIRES
  PROCESSES AND PROCEDURES
  3-40. FA personnel must always maintain a mindset of violently applying lethal fires in accordance with the
  Law of War and established ROE. However, we must simultaneously reduce the risk that lethal fires cause
  unintentional killing and destruction to a prudent, acceptable level. This is done in a large part through
  fratricide prevention and clearance of fires processes.
  3-41. Fratricide is the unintentional killing or wounding of friendly or neutral personnel by friendly
  firepower (ADP 3-37). Fratricide increases the possibility of mission failure, causes unacceptable loss of
  personnel and equipment, and erodes leadership effectiveness.
  3-42. Minimizing exposure to potential fratricide is a command responsibility. Although the potential for
  fratricide is greatest during combat when chaos and confusion are at their greatest, it can also occur during
  training activities and combat simulations. Leaders must be knowledgeable of conditions that cause fratricide
  and implement fratricide countermeasures regardless of the environment. Efforts must be made to overcome
  potential hazards such as mistaken identity, navigation errors, or inaccurate or dysfunctional reporting
  procedures.
  3-43. Although weapon systems can detect, engage, and destroy targets at maximum ranges, weapons
  sighting equipment does not have sufficiently high resolution of targets at extended ranges, especially under
  limited visibility conditions. Situational awareness helps overcome this deficiency in part and improve
  friendly capabilities to positively identify potential targets.