text: Signal Support to Operations to Shape and Prevent
  SUPPORT TO HUMANITARIAN EFFORTS
  3-32. The United States Agency for International Development collaborates with Army forces for
  humanitarian relief missions. Security cooperation efforts include exercises in preparation for theater
  humanitarian missions.
  3-33. Communications support ranges widely from secure and nonsecure cellular phones to wideband,
  deployable network nodes. Signal support to humanitarian relief depends on the size and scope of the
  operation. Signal elements supporting humanitarian efforts may need to directly support U.S. Government
  interagency partners, non-governmental organizations, host-nation government agencies, and media outlets
  when no other communications capabilities exist.
  Humanitarian Assistance: Hurricane Matthew, U.S. Military
  Support to Haiti
  On October 4, 2016, Haiti was hit by 140 mile per hour winds from category 4 Hurricane
  Matthew, leaving a swath of destroyed homes, stripped trees, raging rivers, and
  flooded streets. The storm dumped over two feet of rainwater on the island within 24
  hours.
  Commander, United States Southern Command, along with numerous governmental
  and non-governmental agencies, was poised to provide emergency humanitarian
  support.
  Within hours of the storm’s passing, the Joint Task Force (JTF) Matthew commander
  arrived to assess damage and develop the plan for emergency assistance. The initial
  joint task force communications capability consisted of nonsecure cellular telephones,
  secure satellite telephone service, and single-channel tactical satellite. The first
  commander’s update brief to the United States Southern Command staff took place by
  conference call over the secure satellite phone.
  Concurrently with the JTF-Matthew commander’s assessment, Army and Marine
  Corps helicopters self-deployed from JTF-Bravo in Honduras. As the helicopters
  deployed, the JTF-Bravo commander maintained en route communications with the
  JTF-Matthew commander and the United States Southern Command staff using
  single-channel tactical satellite and secure satellite telephones.
  As the end-strength of JTF-Matthew grew to roughly 400 Soldiers and sailors, the 1st
  Joint Communications Squadron of the Joint Communications Support Element
  deployed a satellite communications terminal to support the JTF headquarters with
  secure video teleconferencing, telephone, chat, and data services. In the end, the
  mission lasted 14 days and distributed 253 metric tons of relief supplies to areas of the
  country unreachable by land routes.
  SUPPORT TO COMBINED TRAINING AND EXERCISES
  3-34. Combined training and multinational exercises play a key role in shaping an operational environment
  and setting the conditions for the geographic combatant commander to initiate rapid crisis action. Signal
  support to combined training and exercises varies from information technology support, to exercise
  simulations, to fully-deployed communications networks supporting large troop formations.
  3-35. It is important to exercise the full communications capabilities anticipated for use in a crisis. Training
  events that use the full network validate tactics, techniques, and procedures, battle drills, and policies for
  employing and operating the network. Realistic exercises help identify what services are required to support