text: Chapter 3
  Army Space Capabilities
  The Army maintains deployable elements, capabilities, and provides effects to Army and
  joint forces. These capabilities and effects are available continuously for planned
  operations, contingencies, and other surge requirements and operations. They are intended
  to support planned, crisis, contingencies, and other surge requirements. Section I discusses
  the Army space capabilities, and how they are used to support mission operations. Section
  II provides an understanding of the space enabled capabilities used within the Army.
  Section III addresses the unique responsibilities of those Army Proponents who have
  specified roles in space operations.
  3-1. The Army relies on space capabilities and systems to provide global positioning, SATCOM, weather
  and related environmental conditions, and intelligence collection platforms. These systems are critical
  enablers used by the Army to plan, communicate, navigate, maneuver, engage the enemy, provide missile
  warning, maintain situational understanding, protect, and sustain forces. Space capabilities are ubiquitous,
  and regularly used by every element of the Army and the joint force. Planning and coordination with national,
  Service, joint, and theater resources takes place through liaison with space operations officers.
  3-2. Space capabilities increase force effectiveness across the range of military operations through
  improved SSA, increased efficiency with which units employ fires, maneuver, and other capabilities. The
  space domain affords commanders near-persistent access to A2 and AD, which is an important characteristic
  not always afforded to air, land, or maritime operations.
  3-3. Space capabilities may be provided to Soldiers by the Army, other Services, civil agencies, and
  commercial entities. Units plan, coordinate, and integrate space capabilities into their operations through
  organic coordinating staffs. SSEs or other attached Army space forces provide space operations expertise to
  organizational staff and units as directed by the unit commander.
  3-4. Many command and control systems rely heavily upon space operations, and that reliance carries with
  it an inherent vulnerability when conducting operations. Units train to maximize the capabilities space assets
  provide in a permissive environment; they also train to operate in the hostile environment of a D3SOE. All
  Soldiers receive training to recognize when they are operating in a D3SOE and the tactics, techniques and
  procedures to apply to work through the conditions and successfully complete their mission.
  SECTION I – SPACE CAPABILITIES
  3-5. Space capabilities enable the Army and joint
  force to operate across the range of military
  Army Space Capabilities
  operations. Each Service has specific responsibilities
  • SSA
  assigned regarding space operations. Two or more
  • PNT
  Services may have responsibilities within the same
  • Space control (DSC, OSC, NAVWAR)
  capability, but the Services focus on different aspects
  • SATCOM
  of the capability, complementing each other without
  duplicating the efforts. The Army has significant • Satellite operations
  responsibilities focused on capabilities uniquely • Missile warning
  conducted by or directly applicable to Army space • Environmental monitoring
  operations. SSA is a key component for space • Space-based surveillance and reconnaissance
  operations because it builds the foundation for
  accomplishing all other space operations.