text: Sustainment Operations During Armed Conflict
  SUPPORT AREA SECURITY
  5-113. Sustainment forces prepare for various threats during support area operations and must be organically
  trained and manned to contribute to their own security. Threats in the division rear area are categorized by
  the three levels of defense required to counter them. Any or all threat levels may exist simultaneously in the
  division support area. All threats pose potential risks to sustainment and other support operations. Emphasis
  on base defense and security measures may depend on the anticipated threat level. A Level I threat for a
  typical base consists of a squad-sized unit or smaller groups of enemy soldiers, agents, or terrorists. Typical
  objectives for a Level I threat include supplying themselves from friendly supply stocks, disrupting friendly
  command and control nodes and logistics facilities, and interdicting friendly LOCs.
  5-114. Units must also employ cover and concealment to prevent observation and detection of sustainment
  equipment and bases by reconnaissance elements, reconnaissance aircraft, drones, or attack aircraft. Cover
  and concealment includes signature management and emissions control. Dispersion aids in concealment and
  limits destruction and losses in the event of an attack. Units at all echelons must conduct CBRN defense
  preparation.
  5-115. At higher echelons, military police units enhance protection capabilities by performing area security
  within the rear areas. These units perform response-force operations to defeat Level II threats against bases
  and base clusters located in that support area. In the case of Level III threats, these units maintain contact
  with the threats in the division support area until the tactical combat force under the MEB’s control can
  respond. A Level III threat is an enemy force or activities beyond the defensive capability of both the base
  and base cluster and any local reserve or response force (ATP 3-91).
  5-116. Corps and division commanders designate close, deep, and rear operations to describe the physical
  arrangement of forces in time, space, and focus. The rear area does not necessarily need to surround or contain
  the support area base clusters, but it typically does. The rear area requires a purposefully task-organized
  combined arms unit to conduct area security, stability tasks, employ and clear fires, and consolidate gains.
  5-117. Army forces consolidate gains made in corps and division areas to build combat power for continued
  action against remaining enemy forces and protection of the civilian population. These gains include the
  establishment of civilian government and the use of populace and resources control measures to provide the
  minimum-essential stability operations tasks to establish civil security, support civil control, and provide for
  the population’s immediate needs. Concurrently, corps and divisions must be able to accomplish these
  activities while sustaining, repositioning, and reorganizing subordinate units to continue operations in the
  close and deep areas.
  5-118. Consolidation of gains activities may encompass a lengthy period of post-conflict operations prior to
  redeployment. Consolidation of gains may occur even if large-scale combat operations are occurring in other
  parts of an AO to exploit tactical success. Anticipation and early planning for activities after large-scale
  combat operations ease the transition process.
  5-119. Commanders address the decontamination, disposal, and destruction of war materiel. Commanders
  must also address the removal and destruction of unexploded ordnance and the responsibility for demining
  operations (the consolidation of friendly and available enemy mine field reports is critical to this mission).
  The higher echelon headquarters must clearly articulate the roles and responsibilities for controlling supply
  routes and clearance procedures. Additionally, the theater Army is prepared to provide medical support,
  emergency restoration of utilities, support to social needs of the indigenous population, and other
  humanitarian activities.
  5-120. The operational support company (EOD) provides freedom of movement and maneuver in contested
  environments within the rear area to include the strategic support area and the operational support area as
  well as fort-to-port and port-to-divisional contested battle space in large scale combat operations. Operational
  support companies provide capability for supporting unique missions such as APOD and SPOD opening,
  RSOI, building partner capacity, theater security cooperation, and homeland defense. See ATP 4-32 for
  additional information. Figure 5-5 depicts the joint security area and corps support area operations and figure
  5-6 depicts a division and brigade support area operations