text: Chapter 7
  terms of increased proportion of forces used for force protection, thus limiting combat power available,
  combat outposts provide an increase in security for the population.
  INFORMATION OPERATIONS
  7-84. Information operations is the integrated employment, during military operations, of
  information-related capabilities in concert with other lines of operations to influence, disrupt, corrupt, or
  usurp the decisionmaking of adversaries and potential adversaries while protecting our own (JP 3-13). For
  the Army, information operations integrates information related capabilities into the overall operational
  approach. The joint and multinational communities continue to use the term information operations. The
  joint construct for conducting information operations is the information-influence relational framework.
  The framework describes the application, integration, and synchronization of information-related
  capabilities to influence, disrupt, corrupt, or usurp the decisionmaking of target audiences to create a
  desired effect to support achievement of an objective. An information-related capability is a tool,
  technique, or activity employed within a dimension of the information environment that can be used to
  create effects and operationally desirable conditions (JP 3-13). (See Army doctrine for more information on
  integrating information-related capabilities.)
  7-85. A target audience is an individual or group selected for influence (JP 3-13). Information operations
  seek to generate effects against the decisionmaking of individuals, a group, or perhaps elements of a
  population. In general, the integration of information-related capabilities is most effective when employed
  against precisely selected targets to achieve clearly defined objectives.
  7-86. Information-related capabilities generate effects that support achievement of the commander’s
  objectives. There are many military capabilities that contribute to operations, and commanders and staffs
  should consider them during the planning process. Some of these capabilities are:
  * Soldier and key leader engagement.
  * Civil-military operations.
  * Cyberspace operations.
  * Military deception.
  * Electronic warfare.
  * Operations security.
  * Military information.
  * Physical attack.
  * Physical security.
  * Counterintelligence.
  * Public affairs.
  * Combat camera.
  * Defense support to public diplomacy.
  * Space operations.
  * Special technical operations.
  * Intelligence.
  * Joint electromagnetic spectrum operations.
  * Information assurance.
  7-87. A commander can use many other capabilities to enhance and reinforce the shaping of the area of
  operations and the accomplishment of mission objectives in the information environment. (See JP 3-13 for
  additional information on the use of information-related capabilities.)
  7-88. Information-related capabilities, whether applied in shaping the operational environment to deter
  conflict or in enabling decisive maneuver, must be recognized as an essential enabling activity that
  facilitates development of an operational advantage for the commander. In current and future operational
  environments, the integrated employment of information-related capabilities into operations is critical to
  mission success. (See the Marine Corps operating concept for information operations for more information
  on information-related capabilities.)