text: Command and Support Relationships
  Table A-3. Army support relationships
  Then inherent responsibilities—
  Authorities a
  commander
  Are Establish
  Have can impose
  If relation- command May be Receives assigned Provide and Have on gaining
  ship is— relation- task- sustain- position or liaison maintain priorities unit further
  organized ment an area of communi- established
  ship to— command or
  by— from— operations cations by—
  with— support
  by— with—
  relationship
  by—
  Parent
  Direct Parent Parent Parent Supported Supported unit, Supported
  See note1
  support1 unit unit unit unit unit supported unit
  unit
  Parent
  Reinforced
  Reinforc- Parent Parent Parent Reinforced Reinforced unit, Not
  unit, then
  ing unit unit unit unit unit reinforced applicable
  parent unit
  unit
  Reinforced
  Reinforced
  unit and Parent unit,
  General unit and as
  Parent Parent Parent as then Not
  support– Parent unit required
  unit unit unit required reinforced applicable
  reinforcing by parent
  by parent unit
  unit
  unit
  As As
  General Parent Parent Parent required required Not
  Parent unit Parent unit
  support unit unit unit by parent by parent applicable
  unit unit
  Note: 1 Commanders of units in direct support may further assign support relationships between their subordinate units
  and elements of the supported unit after coordination with the supported commander.
  MULTINATIONAL COMMAND AND SUPPORT CONSIDERATIONS
  A-30. Multinational operations is a collective term to describe military actions conducted by forces of two
  or more nations, usually undertaken within the structure of a coalition or alliance (JP 3-16). An alliance is
  the relationship that results from a formal agreement between two or more nations for broad, long-term
  objectives that further the common interests of the members. Alliances have standing headquarters,
  organizations, and standardized agreements for the conduct of operations. Examples include NATO or the
  Combined Forces Command, Korea. Operations conducted with units from two or more allies are referred to
  as combined operations.
  A-31. A coalition is an arrangement between two or more nations for a common action. It is formed for a
  limited purpose and time. Coalitions are formed by different nations with specific objectives, usually for a
  single occasion or for longer cooperation in a narrow sector of common interest. Operations conducted with
  units from two or more coalition members are referred to as coalition operations.
  A-32. Army forces routinely serve in multinational operations, and echelons above brigade headquarters may
  form the core of a multinational headquarters. As such, it is important echelons above brigade commanders
  and staffs understand multinational command structures and authorities.
  MULTINATIONAL COMMAND STRUCTURE
  A-33. All multinational operations have two chains of command regardless of structure or authority. The first
  is a national chain of command extending back to national capitals. The second is the multinational chain of
  command constructed by the United Nations, alliance, or coalition. As unity of command is all but impossible
  given parallel national chains of command, multinational commanders strive for unity of effort. In doing so,
  multinational commanders develop a high level of mutual trust and comfort with other national contingents.
  A-34. The United Nations, alliances, and coalitions create a command structure that meets the needs,
  diplomatic realities, constraints, and objectives of the participating nations. No single command structure fits