text: Chapter 3
  * Specific manning requirements for squads, crews, and teams.
  * Timelines for exercises, train-up, and deployment.
  CASUALTY ESTIMATION AND REPLACEMENT REQUIREMENTS
  3-15. The Army G-1 is the functional proponent for overall casualty estimation (killed-in-action, captured,
  missing-in-action, and wounded-in-action, disease and non-battle injury) and coordinates with the Army
  Surgeon General for Army evacuation rates to support projected manning requirements. Replacement
  requirements consist of killed-in-action and evacuated Soldiers not RTD, prisoners of war, and
  missing-in-action. Casualty estimation is conducted at ASCC-level and above as part of the planning process
  for contingency operations and approved by the combatant commander. Casualty estimates should also be
  conducted at levels below the ASCC for specific operations and to provide better fidelity in personnel
  replacement and medical requirements for planners at those echelons. Casualty estimation is always
  conducted in collaboration with the other staff planners.
  3-16. Human resources planners require close coordination with the ASCC G-1/AG/HROC theater CIC, as
  well as the SPO officer in the TSC, ESC, DSB, and sustainment brigade concerning casualty estimates and
  replacement requirements to ensure HR planners properly synchronize efforts with logistics and medical
  planners. Casualty estimates support operations planning, future force planning, and staff training. Casualty
  estimation and replacement requirements are planned during COA development to assess force strength for
  missions within the concept of operations and scheme of maneuver to establish communications and
  electronic interface for personnel accounting and patient tracking early and enable timely and accurate
  information, especially during LSCO.
  3-17. Mass casualties must be included in the planning process, as well as processing large-scale
  replacements. The ASCC G-1/AG must continuously coordinate with corps and divisions for proper
  replacement allocation of replacement seats in the time-phased force and deployment data (TPFDD). During
  LSCO, planners must consider a large sustained rate of casualties. Specific estimates are established by the
  ASCC during the planning process. These casualties will vary in severity of injury and represent
  killed-in-action, wounded-in-action, and disease and non-battle injuries. Due to a portion of injured Soldiers
  being RTD, Army HR planners should anticipate having to replace only a portion of the total casualties and
  any prisoner of war or missing-in-action personnel based on approved casualty estimates.
  3-18. The ASCC G-1/AG is responsible for developing replacement requests, as part of the deliberate
  planning process. For those requirements that are not sourced with unit replacements, the HRC assists Army
  commands in developing NRP force packages by using a reinforcement sourcing process. This process guides
  collectively trained Soldiers in crews, teams or squads to combat in a manner that preserves their morale and
  fighting spirit, benefiting them and the units they join.
  ACHIEVING REALISTIC CASUALTY ESTIMATES
  3-19. Ensuring realistic casualty estimates is critical to the planning and resourcing of replacement
  operations. The MPTk is the only approved casualty estimation tool and consists of a suite of tools combined
  into a single desktop application. It supports the joint medical planning community and provides users with
  a means of estimating required replacements by MOS and pay grade. The medical planning tools within the
  MPTk used for deriving casualty estimate rates for operational planning are the Patient Condition Occurrence
  Frequency Tool, Casualty Rate Estimation Tool, and the Expeditionary Medical Requirements Estimator.
  Used collectively, these tools provide data and versatility to enhance medical planning efficiency. As these
  planning tools are medical focused versus HR focused, certified operators will receive in-depth training on
  the usage of these tools.
  3-20. The Patient Condition Occurrence Frequency Tool provides a means to estimate the probability
  distribution for illnesses and injuries that may occur across the range of military operations, based on
  empirical data and expressed in international classification of disease codes. It allows the user to store, edit,
  export, import, and manipulate these distributions to better fit planned operations. The tool generates precise,
  expected, patient probability distributions. These mission-centric distributions include combat, humanitarian
  assistance, and disaster relief.