text: _________________________________________________________________________________Chapter 4
  DEFENSE TO DENY
  4-23. A defense to deny is intended to deny the enemy access to a geographic
  area or use of facilities that could enhance his combat operations or provide
  him substantial value for information operations. An example of this would
  be enemy capture of a religious or cultural center. This type of defense is
  most often used as part of an overall campaign of theater access control.
  It may also be used to consolidate, retain, and protect critical positions that
  attacking forces have captured.
  PLANNING DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
  4-24. For the OPFOR, the key elements of planning defensive operations
  are
  • Determining the level of planning possible (planned versus situational
  defense).
  • Organizing the battlefield.
  • Organizing forces.
  • Organizing information warfare (IW) activities in support of the de-
  fense (see Chapter 5).
  4-25. Defensive actions during transition and adaptive operations will not be
  able to rely simply on attrition-based operations in layered engagement
  areas. Such actions will typically include increased use of
  • Infiltration to conduct spoiling attacks and ambushes.
  • Perception management (see Chapter 5) in support of defensive opera-
  tions.
  • Camouflage, concealment, cover, and deception (C3D) measures.
  • Affiliated forces for reconnaissance, counterreconnaissance, security,
  and attacks against key enemy systems.
  PLANNED DEFENSE
  4-26. A planned (or deliberate) defense is a defensive operation undertaken
  when there is sufficient time and knowledge of the situation to prepare and re-
  hearse forces for specific tasks. Typically, the enemy is in a staging or assembly
  area and in a known location and status. The OPFOR plans a defense using the
  method described in Chapter 2. Key considerations in defensive planning are
  • Selecting operationally significant areas in complex terrain from which
  to dominate surrounding avenues of approach.
  • Determining the method that will deny the enemy his operational
  objectives.
  • Developing a plan for reconnaissance, intelligence, surveillance, and
  target acquisition (RISTA) that locates and tracks major enemy forma-
  tion and determines enemy patterns of operations and probable objectives.
  • Creating or taking advantage of a window of opportunity that frees
  friendly forces from any enemy advantages in precision standoff and
  situational awareness.