text: Chapter 6
  Executing Short-Range Air Defense Operations
  This chapter addresses the types of operations that SHORAD forces conduct in
  decisive actions. It focuses on the roles and contributions of the SHORAD battery and
  platoon in offensive, defensive, and stability operations. Each operation is introduced,
  and general SHORAD considerations for each follow. The various types of each
  operation are then addressed, with more focused discussions of SHORAD in each. The
  generic term “SHORAD” is henceforth used throughout this chapter to refer to
  dedicated SHORAD systems, batteries, platoons, and teams in general. The specific
  SHORAD weapon, sensor, or unit is cited when the discussion only applies to that
  element.
  DECISIVE ACTION AND GENERAL SHORT-RANGE AIR DEFENSE
  CONSIDERATIONS
  Decisive action is the continuous, simultaneous execution of offensive, defensive, and stability
  operations or defense support of civil authority tasks (ADP 3-0). The simultaneity of decisive action varies
  by echelon and span of control. At lower echelons, an assigned task may require all the echelon's combat
  power to execute that task in one operation. For example, a SHORAD platoon, by its very nature, provides
  defense of a designated supported unit or asset in any type operation, but does not have sufficient capacity to
  support a force in two simultaneous operations.
  SHORAD batteries, platoons, squads, and teams are placed in support of designated assets and
  positioned where they can best conduct their primary mission-deterring, denying, or defeating air threats-
  regardless of type operation. SHORAD considerations are presented for offensive, defensive, and stability
  operations in the following sections. There is no discussion of defense support of civil authority tasks, as
  these tasks are conducted by all Soldiers, regardless of branch or echelon.
  In conducting decisive actions, SHORAD leaders must advise supported units on active and passive
  AMD resources and procedures, especially those assets without dedicated ADA protection. SHORAD leaders
  inform these supported elements of the locations of the SHORAD weapons and their capabilities, AMD
  warning terms and procedures, passive defense measures that should be initiated and enhanced, and self-
  defense actions that all units can execute, irrespective of the presence or absence of dedicated SHORAD
  units. Continuous coordination is required.
  There are three primary ROE which are applicable to SHORAD units and non-dedicated air defense
  elements (known as combined arms for air defense [CAFAD]) in the tactical fight: the right of self-defense,
  hostile criteria, and weapons control status.
  * The right of self-defense is never denied. Unit commanders always retain the inherent right and
  obligation to exercise unit self-defense in response to a hostile act or demonstrated hostile intent.
  Unless otherwise directed by a unit commander, military members may exercise individual self-
  defense in response to a hostile act or demonstrated hostile intent. When individuals are assigned
  and acting as part of a unit, individual self-defense should be considered a subset of unit self-
  defense. As such, unit commanders may limit individual self-defense by members of their unit.
  * The exact criteria enabling the fire unit to declare a target hostile may vary with the tactical
  situation. Some considerations in determining if a target is hostile are it is attacking friendly
  elements; violating airspace coordinating measures; visually identified as hostile; and responding
  improperly, or not at all, to identification, friend or foe (known as IFF) interrogation.