text: Appendix A
  No-Fire Area
  A-97. A no-fire area is an area designated by the
  appropriate commander into which fires or their
  effects are prohibited (JP 3-09.3). Any echelon
  commander uses a no-fire area to protect
  independently operating elements, such as forward
  observers and special operations forces. A
  commander can also use it to protect friendly forces
  in the echelon support area and for humanitarian
  reasons, such as preventing the inadvertent
  engagement of dislocated civilian concentrations, or
  to protect sensitive areas, such as cultural monuments.
  Figure A-48 depicts a no-fire area. This rule has two
  exceptions:
  * The establishing headquarters may
  approve fires within a no-fire area on a
  case-by-case mission basis. Figure A-48. No fire area
  * When an enemy force within a no-fire area
  engages a friendly force, the friendly force may engage a positively identified enemy force to
  defend itself.
  Restrictive Fire Area
  A-98. A restrictive fire area is a location in which
  specific restrictions are imposed and into which fires
  that exceed those restrictions will not be delivered
  without coordination with the establishing
  headquarters (JP 3-09). The purpose of the RFA is to
  regulate fires into an area according to the stated
  restrictions, such as no unguided conventional or dud-
  producing munitions. Maneuver battalion or larger
  ground forces normally establish RFAs. On occasion,
  a company operating independently may establish an
  RFA. Usually, it is located on identifiable terrain by
  grid or by a radius (in meters) from a center point.
  Commanders may depict RFA restrictions on a map
  or overlay, or they can reference an operation order
  that contains the restrictions. Figure A-49 depicts a
  restricted fire area. Figure A-49. Restrictive fire area