text: Chapter 2
  planning horizons) to take into account during weaponeering analysis. Other information capabilities such as
  information, public affairs officer, civil affairs and psychological operations assess employment and
  effectiveness.
  Collateral Damage
  2-59. Collateral damage estimation is a methodology that assists the commander in staying within the law
  of armed conflict and ROE. The law of armed conflict requires:
  * Reasonable precautions to ensure only legitimate military objects are targeted.
  * Combatants to refrain from intentionally targeting civilian or noncombatant populations or
  facilities through lethal means.
  * Anticipated civilian or noncombatant injury or loss of life and damage to civilian or noncombatant
  property incidental to engagements must not be excessive in relation to the expected military
  advantage to be gained.
  Note. See the current version of CJCSI 3160.01D for more information on No-strike and collateral
  damage.
  2-60. Failure to observe these obligations could result in disproportionate negative effects on civilians and
  noncombatants and be considered a law of war violation. Furthermore, United States leadership and the
  military could be subject to global criticism, which could adversely affect achievement of current and future
  military objectives and national goals. Finally, adversaries and enemies may call attention to any U.S. and
  ally missteps through propaganda to decrease legitimacy and undermine support for operations.
  2-61. During targeting the staff has the responsibility to mitigate the unintended or incidental risk of damage
  or injury to the civilian populace and noncombatants, structures in the immediate area, targets that are on the
  NSL, RTL, livestock, the environment, civil air, and anything that could have a negative effect on military
  operations. This will assist the commander in weighing risk against military necessity and in assessing
  proportionality within the framework of the MDMP.
  2-62. The targeting working group determines the delivery means subject to the maneuver commander's
  approval. All available engagement assets should be considered when delivering an information capability
  to create a nonlethal effect the targeting team must account for unintended collateral effects. This is SOP
  dependent until a formal methodology is published.
  2-63. The availability and capabilities of each resource is considered using the following:
  * Desired effects on the target.
  * Degree of risk in the use of the asset against the target.
  * Impact on friendly operations.
  Technical Considerations
  2-64. Technical considerations include the number, type and duration of the effect, and the unit, agency, or
  organization to conduct the engagement. Technical considerations are discussed in the following paragraphs.
  Number, Type, Duration of Effect
  2-65. At the recommendation of the FSCOORD and targeting team the G-3 directs the appropriate asset to
  engage the target once the tactical decisions have been made. This can be in an OPORD or as the tactical
  situation dictates. The targeting team evaluates all available capabilities against approved targets to determine
  appropriate options available for engagement and develops the best possible solution under given
  circumstances. A careful analysis is necessary to employ all capabilities efficiently and effectively with the
  appropriate number, type and required duration to create the desired effect.