text: Considerations to Achieve Unity of Effort
  3-136. Multinational operations can be difficult to conduct effectively because of the potential attitudes
  and capabilities of the different participants. The various organizations will have dissimilar objectives,
  priorities, chains of authority, and cultures. They may also tend to disregard and mistrust outsiders, or
  otherwise cooperate reluctantly. Mistakes, misunderstandings, friction, and personality clashes can also
  undermine combined efforts. Army leaders, who desire effective multinational operations, may need to
  emphasize their importance, closely monitor their progress, and take corrective action when necessary.
  Patience and open-mindedness are critical to overcome inevitable obstructions. Multinational operations
  also have to account for logistics. Some participants may need significant support from Army units to
  contribute effectively, which could cause them to be perceived negatively. Interpreters are critical in many
  situations but often in short supply. Successful multinational operations require significant nurturing, which
  could divert leader focus from other pressing concerns.
  BUILDING PARTNER CAPACITY
  3-137. Building partner capacity addresses the potentially most important stability effort, which is to
  support and enable partners so they can perform their roles effectively. Building partner capacity results
  from comprehensive interorganizational activities, programs, and sustained military engagements. Over
  time, building partner capacity enhances the ability of partners for security, governance, economic
  development, essential services, rule of law, and other critical government functions. The Army integrates
  the capabilities of the operating and generating forces—to include special operations forces—to support
  capacity-building efforts, primarily through security cooperation activities. (See ADRP 3-0 and ADRP 3-07
  for more information.)
  3-138. Army units are concerned mainly with the capabilities of military and other security actors but
  should not ignore capacities unrelated to security sectors. In some cases, Army units can help build the
  capacity of other international partners who in turn are attempting to improve host-nation institutions. In
  other cases, Army units may directly assist in improving host-nation capacity and capability. One result of
  comprehensive engagement with other partners should be an increase in collective capacity to protect
  civilians.
  3-139. Building partner capacity requires a different emphasis from many of the tasks Army units
  typically perform. Ultimately, the host nation must have the capability to ensure a safe and secure
  environment and must likewise develop the capacity to maintain acceptable conditions related to good
  governance, the rule-of-law, social well-being, and economic development. These efforts depend on
  capable host-nation and international partners from military, police, and civilian sectors.
  3-140. Unified action partners (see ADRP 3-0) may have capabilities and a capacity that can contribute to
  stability; some partners such as the host-nation or coalition military forces operating under international
  mandates have formal legal obligations while others such as NGO’s contribute without formal obligations.
  Building partner capacity has short-, mid-, and long-term dimensions that require the determination of
  realistic objectives. Generally, Army units can help build partner capacity in many of the following ways,
  to include—
  * Provide advisors and mentors. In addition to providing technical assistance on security affairs,
  advisors should emphasize such issues as respect for human rights, the proper treatment of
  civilians, and civil-military relations.
  * Assist with development of administrative and logistics systems (such as pay, training, and
  maintenance).
  * Monitor and if necessary restrain other partners regarding violence against civilians and human
  rights abuses.
  * Assist with assessing, planning, and monitoring efforts to complete any of the primary stability
  tasks.
  * Provide facilities and bases from which other partners may operate.
  * Provide security to other partners.
  * Provide transportation, communications, medical, or other logistics support to other partners
  (either on a routine or emergency basis).