text: Chapter 8
  Civil Military Integration During Multinational Operations
  This chapter discusses civil military integration. It addresses civil-military operations
  (CMO) and interorganizational cooperation. This chapter discusses civil affairs core
  competencies as they affect unified action within the multinational headquarters and
  for the mission. The chapter also covers civil-military liaison and civil-military
  teaming. It then discusses key civilian organizations and civilian-based relationships.
  The chapter concludes with considerations for commanders and staffs.
  CIVIL MILITARY INTEGRATION
  8-1. Multinational commanders must understand the capabilities required to achieve civil military integration
  (CMI). CMI is imperative to achieving unified action. Civil military integration is the actions taken to
  establish, maintain, influence, or leverage relations between military forces and indigenous populations and
  institutions to synchronize, coordinate, and enable interorganizational cooperation and to achieve unified
  action (FM 3-57). This Army action supports the joint activity of CMI as it applies to joint doctrine. CMI is
  the common activity performed in support of mission command and the operations process. (Refer to JP 3-08
  for additional information about interorganizational cooperation.)
  CIVIL-MILITARY OPERATIONS AND INTERORGANIZATIONAL
  COOPERATION
  8-2. CMO are activities of a commander performed by designated military forces that establish, maintain,
  influence, or exploit relations among military forces and indigenous populations and institutions by directly
  supporting the achievement of objectives relating to the reestablishment or maintenance of stability within a
  region or host nation. CMO are integrated into the commander’s intent. Commanders may rely on
  components and Service capabilities to support the CMO effort. (For more information regarding CMO, refer
  to JP 3-57.) Interorganizational cooperation is the interaction that occurs among elements of the Department
  of Defense; participating United States Government departments and agencies; state, territorial, local, and
  tribal agencies; foreign military forces and government agencies; international organizations;
  nongovernmental organizations; and the private sector (JP 3-08). Commanders involved with CMO and
  interorganizational cooperation recognize the need to establish stability mechanisms and CMI mechanisms
  into planning and force composition. These mechanisms may include establishing a joint interagency task
  force, joint interagency coordination group, or civil-military operations center (CMOC). (Refer to JP 3-08
  for more information regarding interorganizational cooperation.)
  8-3. Successful multinational CMO require established and maintained civil networks with people and
  organizations operating in the civil component. General liaison, civil-military teaming, meetings, and
  collaborative engagements with both civilian and military representatives achieve CMI. These integration
  mechanisms and activities facilitate various levels of cooperation ranging from information sharing to
  integrated and synchronized planning.
  8-4. CMO can be executed by all capabilities at the commander’s disposal including infantry, armor, and
  artillery units. Typical CMO capabilities could include medical, engineer and military police units. Army
  units have civil affairs staff and units that enable and coordinate the commanders CMO. (Refer to JP 3-57
  for more information regarding CMO.)
  CIVIL AFFAIRS OPERATIONS
  8-5. Civil affairs operations (CAO) are expeditionary capabilities organized to achieve unified action. These
  operations allow the commander to synchronize, coordinate, and integrate governmental and
  nongovernmental entities in the civil component with Army operations. Civil affairs forces collect, analyze,
  and evaluate civil information to produce civil knowledge that is integrated into the operations process. Civil