text: Chapter 3
  Engineer Support to Shape, Prevent, and DSCA
  Conflict prevention is primarily diplomatic actions that are taken in advance of a crisis
  to prevent or limit violence, deter parties, and reach an agreement short of conflict.
  Military operations are tailored to meet political demands and may require deploying
  forces to contain a dispute or prevent it from escalating into hostilities.
  OPERATIONS TO SHAPE AND OPERATIONS TO PREVENT
  A primary function of the theater army, in its role as the ASCC, is executing the CCDR’s daily
  operational requirements. These activities occur during large-scale ground combat, but they also occur during
  operations to shape and operations to prevent. The theater army’s four primary tasks occur across all phases
  of the joint operations construct: provide Title 10 United States Code (10 USC) administrative control of
  ARFOR; conduct theater security cooperation; assess and develop infrastructure; and develop concept and
  OPLANs. Additional tasks completed by the theater army enabling commands include conduct regional
  information collection and analysis, communications architecture, land-based air and missile defense, and
  detainee operations.
  During operations to shape and operations to prevent, the theater army engineer effort typically
  requires more general engineering-related activities. Engineers at the theater level are one of many key
  enablers as the ASCC commander drives both Army design methodology and tactical concept of operations
  to shape conditions and achieve objectives. The ASCC designates the routes for ground forces well in
  advance of their intended use so that engineer units can upgrade them, as necessary, and keep them open or
  repaired. The ASCC makes recommendations for initial and temporary land-based lodgments.
  The theater army engineer provides a focus on the relationship of the physical environment and
  infrastructure to the developing Army design methodology. Other relevant information gained from the
  engineer analysis of the OE assists the commander in framing (and reframing) the problem, formulating the
  design, and refining the design. Operational-level engineer concepts are synchronized with and expressed
  through the framework of Army design methodology, as described in ADP 5-0. Unified action partners must
  be considered for those tasks which Service engineers do not have the capability or capacity to perform.
  Between the levels of war and theater echelons of command, the horizons for planning, preparation,
  and execution are vastly different. Operational-level commanders typically orchestrate the activities of
  military and other U.S. government organizations across large physical areas and across the range of military
  operations. Theater commanders seek to create the most favorable conditions possible for subordinate
  commanders by shaping future events. The theater army echelon maintains a broad perspective, typically
  considering simultaneous major operations across the range of military operations and throughout the theater.
  The theater army engineer views a similarly broad perspective of challenges and opportunities, considering
  the range of military operations from peacetime military engagement to large-scale ground combat and the
  various administrative and support functions required throughout the theater.
  At the theater army echelon, the engineer staff uses operational art (through design methodology) to
  assist in translating the broad Army conceptual plan into a coherent, feasible concept for employing forces.
  The engineer examines the functional and multifunctional mobilization, deployment, employment, and
  sustainment requirements of the concept of operations. From the operational perspective, those requirements
  typically include RSOI, construction, real estate, and other general engineering support through the
  sustainment and protection warfighting functions. The operational perspective also includes initially aligning
  combat and general engineer capabilities to provide the most favorable outcomes for each subordinate
  echelon. Geospatial information and terrain analysis provide the foundation on which understanding the