text: Chapter 4
  ensure that supported forces receive an appropriate share of available FS to include security forces and
  reserves upon commitment.
  4-29. Support area operations are conducted to ensure that friendly forces retain freedom of action to support
  combat forces engaged in deep and close operations. FA assets are seldom sufficient to dedicate firing units
  to consolidation and support area as their sole or primary mission. FA commanders, in the role as FSCOORD,
  may assign on-order support relationships to support corps or division rear area operations. They can also
  meet rear area FA support requirements by assigning GS and GSR support relationships to cannon units to
  range rear and support areas while continuing to perform their primary support relationships. A support area
  is the portion of the commander’s area of operations that is designated to facilitate the positioning,
  employment, and protection of base sustainment assets required to sustain, enable, and control operations
  (ADP 3-0).
  SECTION IV – FIELD ARTILLERY ORGANIZATION FOR COMBAT
  4-30. Successful execution of large-scale combat operations requires careful planning of limited FA
  resources and the coordinated employment of TA and assessment means. FSCOORDs and FSEs on corps
  and division staffs ensure adequacy in support of operations by varying allocation and control of available
  FS resources to include FA formations.
  4-31. The corps commander may allocate MLRS/HIMARS units to the divisions utilizing command and
  support relationships. The division FSCOORD recommends to the division commander the establishment of
  support relationships of FA units in large-scale combat operations. The division commander should consider
  assigning the BCT organic FA BNs as OPCON to the DIVARTY prior to execution of operations.
  4-32. The FA commander recommends to the supported commander the command and support relationships
  of FA units supporting the operation, regardless if they are organic or assigned. This information is vital to
  planning fire support for tactical operations.
  4-33. Task-organizing is the act of designing a force, support staff, or sustainment package of specific size
  and composition to meet a unique task or mission (ADP 3-0). Characteristics to examine when task-
  organizing the force include, but are not limited to, training, experience, equipment, sustainability, operating
  environment, enemy threat, and mobility. For Army forces, task-organizing includes allocating available
  assets to subordinate commanders and establishing their command and support relationships. The objective
  of FA-organization is to ensure that each FA unit has an established command relationship or support
  relationship that best supports the supported commander's concept of the operation. Dynamic task-organizing
  during operations is one way to ensure FA assets are never in reserve.
  4-34. The FSCOORD, chief of fires and brigade FSO analyze the mission variables of METT-TC (I),
  evaluate the FA assets available and recommend a command or support relationship for each FA unit to the
  supported commander. The supported commander approves the FA task organization, which is subsequently
  reflected in the OPLAN/OPORD and FS plan. Commanders never place artillery in reserve.
  4-35. Commanders consider mutual support when task-organizing FA. Mutual support is that support which
  units render each other throughout joint operations, because of their assigned tasks, their position relative to
  each other and to the enemy, or their inherent capabilities (JP 3-31). Mutual support exists when positions
  and units support each other by direct and/or indirect fire and/or nonlethal activities. Mutual support increases
  the strength of all defensive positions, prevents defeat in detail, and helps prevent infiltration between
  positions. Supporting range is the distance one unit may be geographically separated from a second unit yet
  remain within the maximum range of the second unit's weapons systems (ADP 3-0). Although a FA unit may
  be in supporting range of a supported unit, the communications capability must also be considered. If the unit
  needing support cannot communicate with the supporting unit, the range capability of a weapon system or
  its proximity to the supported force has no effect on the outcome of an operation. For more information on
  mutual support see ADP 3-90 and FM 3-90.