Many ﬁlms from the early 1900s have been lost. These losses include several ﬁlms by the ﬁrst wave of Black women
ﬁlmmakers. We know about these lost movies only from small pieces of evidence. For example, an advertisement for Jennie
Louise Touissant Welcome’s documentary Doing Their Bit still exists. There’s a reference in a magazine to Tressie Souders’s
ﬁlm A Woman’s Error. And Maria P. Williams’s The Flames of Wrath is mentioned in a letter and a newspaper article, and one
image from the movie was discovered in the 1990s.
The text identiﬁes a complex problem, then presents examples of unsuccessful attempts to solve that problem.
The text summarizes a debate among researchers, then gives reasons for supporting one side in that debate.
The text describes a general situation, then illustrates that situation with speciﬁc examples.
The text discusses several notable individuals, then explains commonly overlooked differences between those
Choice C is the best answer. The ﬁrst three sentences describe the general situation: these early ﬁlms have been lost, and we
only know about them from small pieces of evidence. The rest of the text offers speciﬁc examples of the small pieces of
evidence.
Choice A is incorrect. This isn’t the overall structure. The fact that we only know about these lost early ﬁlms from small
pieces of evidence isn’t presented as a “complex problem”—that’s too extreme. And the examples presented are not
“unsuccessful attempts” to solve it. If anything, the examples represent a success, because we discovered that these ﬁlms
existed in the ﬁrst place. Choice B is incorrect. This isn’t the overall structure. There’s no “debate” presented in the text, so
there’s no “side” for the text to support. Choice D is incorrect. This isn’t the overall structure. The text doesn’t discuss any
“differences” between the ﬁlmmakers.