A mathematical model for analysis and prediction of the performance of the aluminum–air cell has been developed. The model takes into account the kinetics of the anode, cathode, and parasitic reactions. Ohmic losses in the electrolyte and mass transfer are also taken into account. The model prediction of cell performance shows good agreement with experimental data. The mathematical model provides detailed information about cell performance for a wide range of operating and design parameters. For better cell performance, our model studies suggest the use of higher electrolyte flow rates, smaller cell gaps, higher conductivities, lower parasitic current densities and operation at moderate current density. From our analysis, we have determined that, in an aluminum air cell, only the activation and ohmic overpotential are important.