We report the synthesis, characterization and battery performance of a novel Mn3O4/graphene composite based on graphene platelets and also an Mn3O4/reduced-graphene-oxide composite for comparison. The electrodes were cast from aqueous dispersions in which lithium carboxymethyl cellulose was used as a binder thus enabling an aqueous based process for anode fabrication. The Mn3O4/graphene-platelet and the Mn3O4/reduced-graphene-oxide composites anode system possess high gravimetric capacities (∼700mAhg−1) and excellent cycling stability (>100 cycles).