Recent developments of sulfide glass electrolytes and solid-state batteries with these electrolytes are reviewed. Sulfide-based glass and glass-ceramic electrolytes in the systems Li2S-SiS2-Li4SiO4 and Li2S-P2S5 have the advantages of high Li+ ion conductivity, wide electrochemical window, and low grain-boundary resistance as a compressed powder pellet. Bulk-type all-solid-state batteries with sulfide electrolytes exhibited excellent cycle performance at room temperature. High temperature operation and surface coating of active materials such as LiCoO2 with oxide thin films were useful for improving rate performance of solid-state batteries. Sulfur was used as an active material for solid-state batteries and they exhibited a large reversible capacity of more than 1000 mAh g−1 with a good cyclability. Sulfide thin films were formed on LiCoO2 particles by pulsed laser deposition and a favorable electrode–electrolyte interface was effective in enhancing the energy density of solid-state batteries.