Publisher Summary Safety is a management responsibility requiring an awareness of all relevant local legislations and strategies. Plants must be properly designed, installed, commissioned, operated and maintained. Depending upon the risk, working procedures should be documented, for example, as codes of practice. Operation includes normal start-up, normal and emergency shutdown, and most activities performed by the production team. While inherently safe plant design limits inventories of hazardous substances, inherently safe operation ensures that the number of individuals at risk is minimized. Access to the plant for non-essential operational people, such as maintenance engineers, post staff, administrators, quality control samplers, warehouse staff delivering raw material or plant items or collecting finished product, members of security, visitors etc., must be controlled. Safe handling of chemicals demands a combination of hardware and software such as operating procedures, staff selection and training.