Although the photovoltaic technologies have been introduced in Cuba for more than 10 years, the long-term stable operation is still an aspiration. With the setting in operation of the first community photovoltaic electrification system, it was possible to carry out a systematic study of the factors that determine the loss of quality of the operative state of the systems by means of the detection and classification of failures detected in periodic technical inspections. The data analyzed on the basis of the medium frequency of failures allowed discovering problems of technology and its social adoption. This analysis leads to the design of a system for maintenance and repair that guarantees the sustainability of the project. The technical characteristics of the equipment that adapts better to the real conditions of exploitation in the country were determined as well.