Publisher Summary Organic solar cells are a special kind of photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices that take advantage of inexpensive organic materials that can by photosynthesis trap sunlight and convert radiation into other forms of energy. The Ru-complex can be restored by a redox process in an electrolyte joining the other electrode, with use of a platinum catalyst. Because a mono-layer of even a very efficiently absorbing dye will absorb less than 1% of incoming solar radiation, the dye absorption layer is made three dimensional by adhering the dye to a nanostructured TiO2 network of nodules. The liquid electrolyte is introduced that is capable of penetrating into the cavities in the nanostructured, sensitized titanium dioxide and providing the necessary contact for transfer of the replacement electron to the dye. The effective absorption surface may be increased by three orders of magnitude and provides an overall cell efficiency to about 10%. It should still be possible for the TiO2 nodules to transfer the absorbed electron to the back electrode through a series of transport processes. The material presently favored for the anode nanoparticles is TiO2 in the form of anatase. Anatase better accommodates the dye molecules and forms nodules rather than flakes. Electron transport through the anatase layers follows conventional solid-state physics, except for the issue of nodule coherence. On the cathode side, a redox couple is used to supply the electron to replace the one being excited in the dye and transferred to the anatase before it decays back to the dye ground state. The electrolyte is typically acetonitrile and the redox couple is iodine/tri-iodine.