 The Ga-assisted formation of Ge nanorods and nanowires in solution has been demonstrated and a catalytic activity of the Ga seeds was observed. The synthesis of anisotropic single-crystalline Ge nanostructures was achieved at temperatures as low as 170 °C. Gallium not only serves as nucleation seed but is also incorporated in the Ge nanowires in higher concentrations than its thermodynamic solubility limit.