As a renewable energy storage system, lithium batteries play a vital role in the population's productivity and personal lives. One of the main priorities for the R&D of lithium batteries is to closely integrate various battery technologies with advanced energy technologies. This is done by designing new heterogeneous structures that offer new mechanisms and features for energy storage while enabling its core functions. This paper organically combines the key technologies, research highlights, and innovations in the worldwide field of lithium battery energy, summarizes the structure and mechanics of lithium batteries, discusses the application progress of newer battery structures in the field of efficient energy storage, and sorts out the obstacles of lithium batteries in the field of renewable energy. Integrating and refining new energy storage mechanisms from lithium battery technology will result in a revolutionary breakthrough in the field of battery energy through the development of batteries at lower costs, higher capacities, and improved storage efficiency. It will reduce the utilization cost of the renewable energy and protect the world's environment, establishing an overall clean structure of energy with a low carbon footprint. At the same time, it will change the current storage methods for renewable and sustainable energy throughout the world and have a positive effect on the global energy supply strategy.