LiFePO4/C composites prepared by the hydrothermal method and the calcinations process are used as the cathode material for ARLBs. The ARLB is built up with LiFePO4/C and LiV3O8 in 9 M LiNO3 aqueous electrolyte without the dissolved oxygen, which can deliver a capacity of 88.7 mAh g−1 at 10C-rate after 100 cycles. This ARLB has still the discharge capacity of 60 mAh g−1 at 50C-rate after 500 cycles. The excellent rate capabilities show that this ARLB exhibits great potential as the power sources for high power applications.