Publisher Summary This chapter reveals that hydrogen has the necessary properties and can fulfill the role of an energy carrier that can be derived from water, which is an abundant source. It can be substituted for petroleum and coal in almost all industrial processes which require a reducing agent, such as in steel manufacturing and other metallurgical operations. Further, hydrogen can easily be converted to a variety of fuel forms such as methanol, ammonia, and hydrazine. The use of hydrogen as a fuel would allow the industrial establishment to retain its present structure. Hydrogen can be readily derived from the primary source by the decomposition of water. Hydrogen, like electricity, is a high-quality but high-cost energy carrier. Its adoption by the market depends on the availability of technologies and/or policies that put a high market value on hydrogen. One such enabling technology for hydrogen is the low temperature fuel cell (PC), which has wide market opportunities in both transportation and stationary combined heat and power applications. The fuel cell is an electrochemical device that generates electricity by chemical reaction without altering the electrodes or the electrolyte materials. This distinguishes the fuel cell from electrochemical batteries. The concept of the fuel cell is the reverse of the electrolysis of water, in which the hydrogen and oxygen are combined to produce electricity and water. The fuel cell is a static device that converts the chemical energy directly into electrical energy.