We have prepared carbon anode materials by pyrolysis of rice husk (RH). Through X-ray powder diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) measurement, and ICP-AES analysis, the effects of acid–base pre-treatment, pyrolysis temperature, and the use of a proprietary pore-genic agent on the cell capacity of these materials were investigated. The carbonaceous materials made from RH treated with a proprietary agent showed an extraordinarily high reversible capacity of 1055mAh/g. To our best knowledge, this new hard carbon material possesses the highest reversible capacity ever reported for any carbon anode materials of lithium-ion batteries.