A sulfur-microporous (S-MIP) carbon composite was prepared for use as a cathode for rechargeable Li/S batteries. Two sulfur-embedded methods, S-impregnation (IS) and S-liquefied pore filling (LS), were applied for the preparation of the S-MIP carbon composites. The pristine elemental S of the polycrystalline α-S8 undergoes a structural change to an amorphous-S (a-S) structure in the S-MIP carbon composite created by the IS method. During sulfur loading of 40–50 wt %, the S-MIP carbon composite created by the IS method showed a BET SSA value of around 500 m2 g−1 and a pore volume of 0.2 cm3 g−1. However, after the LS process was applied to the S-MIP carbon composite, at 160 °C and 10 h, the a-S structure in the S-MIP carbon composite became recrystalline α-S8. Little remained of the porosity in the S-MIP carbon composite prepared by the LS method due to the large portion of the S crystalline phase. The best discharge capacity was obtained with an S-MIP carbon composite created by the IS method, with the result of 680 mA h g−1 after 50 cycles at 0.1 °C, i.e., ~47 % higher than that by the LS method.