The corrosion resistance of several cathode substrates (titanium foam, nickel foam, and silver coated nickel foam) of magnesium–hydrogen peroxide (Mg–H2O2) fuel cells is studied. Titanium foam is found to be the most corrosion-resistant, i.e., the corrosion current density of titanium foam is six orders of magnitude lower than that of nickel or Ag–Ni. Palladium catalyzed titanium foam as a cathode for the Mg–H2O2 fuel cell is prepared by electrodepositing palladium onto the titanium foam substrate. The corrosion resistance of prepared palladium coated titanium is compared with that of titanium foam, nickel foam, and silver coated nickel foam. The structure, morphology and composition of the Pd/Ti are characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD techniques. The influence of the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, sulfuric acid and operation temperature on the performance of Mg–H2O2 fuel cells with the Pd/Ti cathode is studied systematically. The stability of the Mg–H2O2 fuel cell with the Pd/Ti as the cathode is tested and the result shows that Pd/Ti is a promising cathode material for Mg–H2O2 fuel cells.