Abstract In the last decade, one of the most prominent developments in the field of food packaging is “Active and Intelligent” packaging, focused on the voluntary interaction with food and food environment. The purpose of active packaging is to extend food shelf life while maintaining or even improving its quality. The purpose of intelligent packaging is to give continuous information about the freshness of the packed food during the whole food chain supply. The main objective is to sense, detect, and record any changes in the packed food the package itself, and its environment. Intelligent packaging is actually the object of the current millennium packaging innovation activities. Interest in this is growing interest, driven by the emerging need to solve problems related to business processes, safety, and quality of food products and to reduce product losses, at all supply chain levels. Until now, few of these packaging systems have been commercialized because of high cost, strict safety and hygiene regulations, and/or limited consumer acceptance. The purpose of this chapter is to give an overview of scientific research, of recent technological progress, and of emerging technologies in order to understand the development of intelligent food packaging systems that could be applied, in the near future, to our society.