In this work, a novel aqueous rechargeable battery Zn/LiCl-ZnCl2/LiFePO4 has been developed. The electrochemical performance of olivine LiFePO4 positive electrode has been investigated in the structure of this battery. Along with a high (about 100%) coulombic efficiency, this electrode exhibited enhanced cycling performance at various current densities up to 60C with the average operation voltage 1.2V. A capacity of 92mAhg−1 was achieved over 400 cycles at a cycling rate 6C, and exhibited a superior rate capability with the capacities of 72mAhg−1 at 30C and 45mAhg−1 at 60C, respectively. The battery temperature tolerance was first investigated, and it demonstrated a very stable cycling at a wide temperature range from −10°C to 50°C. A cylindrical battery with the capacity of 150mAh was first designed using proposed configuration and successfully operated under 54mA with high efficiency and capacity retention. Zn/LiFePO4 battery offers an exceptionally safe, low cost, long cycling life, and high energy and power density energy storage for large-scale applications.