Rapid consumption of fossil fuels is pressing the search for renewable energy alternatives, including renewable and renewable energy technologies. The recyclable battery is one new system, but there are still many technical problems to be solved. From the perspective of renewable energy development, the paper discusses the issue of vehicle battery technology in terms of energy consumption and the environment, but also highlights nanotechnologies and systems design. The current situation and future development trends of batteries are introduced. Graphene batteries have a higher specific energy, higher specific capacity and lower cost than conventional batteries. If nanographene technology enhances battery power and prolongs life span, it will have attractive prospects in the field of electric vehicles. This article summarizes the recent progress in graphene nano batteries regarding structural models, nanoscale effects and system design. It also proposes future directions for research on battery electric vehicle technology as well as the prospect of graphene battery applications.