A review of mathematical models of lithium and nickel battery systems developed at the University of South Carolina is presented. Models of Li/Li-ion batteries are reviewed that simulated the behavior of single electrode particles, single electrodes, full cells and batteries (sets of full cells) under a variety of operating conditions (e.g. constant current discharge, pulse discharge, impedance and cyclic voltammetry). Models of nickel battery systems are reviewed that simulate the performance of full cells, as well as the behavior of the nickel hydroxide active material. The ability of these models to predict reality is demonstrated by frequent comparisons with experimental data.