Presenting Author details:adriano.zanello@hcuge.ch rue de Lausanne, 67, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland, Tel.: +41 22 716 4444; fax: +41 22 716 4499. Background: Beside symptoms, neurocognitive (NC) and Theory of Mind (ToM) impairments are common features in schizophrenic disorders, but their relations with patients' poor social functioning remain unclear. Thus, this study examined further which one of these domains predicts social outcome in schizophrenia. Methods: Twenty three outpatients with schizophrenic disorders according to DSM-IV were administered a) a neurocognitive battery examining verbal memory (RAVLT), attention (d2), executive functioning (WCST) and general intellectual abilities (PM 38), b) six ToM stories measuring comprehension, ToM 1st order, ToM 2nd order response and explanation, c) social problem solving skills (AIPSS) and d) social functioning measures (ERA, QFS). BPRS examined patients' symptoms severity. Results: Exploratory linear regressions shown that none of the predictors explained the variance of AIPSS variables, while RAVLT learning, PM 38, ToM 2nd order response and explanation and BPRS Resistance dimension accounted for 11% to 17% of variances in the models concerning social functioning dependant variables. In addition, demographic variables contributed for 0% to 45% of variance. Conclusions: Thus, different factors can lead to social difficulties in patients with schizophrenic disorders. These results are consistent with recent literature. Our findings confirm that patients with schizophrenic disorders need cognitive remediation in specific domains and ToM as well as psychosocial interventions (e.g. social skills).