A high specific capacity carbon anode for lithium-ion polymer batteries was developed using a mixture of a spherical mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB), vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF), and a lithium conducting binder of polyethylene oxide (PEO) with Li(CF3SO2)2N (LiTFSI). The reversible specific capacity of the anode was dependent on the thickness of the electrode and the molecular weight (M w) of PEO in the composite electrode. The specific capacity of a 30 μm thick carbon anode with PEO at M w = 6 × 105 was 310 mA h g−1, which was decreased to 260 mA h g−1 for a 60 μm thick electrode. A reversible specific capacity of 320 mA h g−1 was observed for the lithium-ion conducting binder of PEO18LiTFSI with a high M w of 5 × 106 and an electrode thickness of 60 μm. The specific capacity is comparable to that for a carbon anode for lithium-ion batteries using a liquid electrolyte.