This work proposes to study the brain structure delineation, by combining the measurement of brain atrophy and cognitive functions (episodic memory and executive functions) in a group of subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) as compared to healthy controls. All subjects were tested with a Neurocognitive screening battery. T1 images were obtained on a 1.5T MRI scanner and processed with the IBASPM toolbox for automatic segmentation of cerebral structures. We analyzed the regional specificity of group-related cortical thickness differences. The aMCI subjects showed a significantly poorer performance than controls in episodic memory and functioning executive tasks. There were statistically significant differences between both groups in the volumes of the Right Superior Temporal Pole structures with atrophy in these structures for the aMCI group that correlated with the episodic memory neuropsychological performance. There was volume in frontal structures a finders decrease, which contrasts with the poor performance of the aMCI group in tests of executive functions. This suggests that volume lost per se does not explain the executive deficit. The episodic memory’s performance in aMCI subjects had a positive correlation with the volume of bilateral temporal structures, including the hippocampus and with the volume of frontal structures in the left hemisphere.