A novel C/Fe3C composite prepared by simple polymerization-pyrolysis of iron phthalocyanine (PcFe) at 700°C in an Ar atmosphere, exhibits a high reversible capacity, stable cyclability, excellent rate performance, improved initial efficiency and reduced hysteresis as an anode material for lithium ion batteries. In-situ embedded Fe3C nanoparticles and N doping can enhance electrical conductivity and facilitate the reaction of C/Fe3C electrode effectively. This work provides a new way for developing high performance non-graphitic carbon electrode materials in the future.