In this work, Na2Ti6O13 nanorods are prepared by a traditional solid state reaction and reported as anode materials for advanced lithium-ion batteries. The effect of calcining temperature on the size and electrochemical behavior of nanorodes is thoroughly described and compared within the temperature range of 800-1000°C. It can be found that the size of nanorodes increases with the enhancing of calcining temperature. At 1000°C, Na2Ti6O13 nanorodes melt into big bulks, which exhibit poor ionic conductivity and low lithium storage capacity. Although Na2Ti6O13 nanorodes with smaller size can be formed at 800°C, its capacity retention is poor. In contrast, Na2Ti6O13 nanorodes obtained at 900°C reveal high reversible capacity, rapid lithium ion diffusion behavior and outstanding rate property. In-situ and ex-situ analyses reveal that the structural evolution of Na2Ti6O13 during lithiation and delithiation process is quasi-reversible, which ensures the excellent electrochemical performance of Na2Ti6O13 nanorods for repeated lithium storage.