Todorokite-type MnO2-doped with Co and Fe has been synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of layered metal-doped manganese oxide, buserite, in water at 120–200°C. The prepared todorokite products have been characterized by XRD and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDX) measurements, TEM observation and thermogravimetric analysis. These measurements showed that the hydrothermal products are the metal-doped todorokite phase having large (3×3) tunnel structure, and the chemical compositions are shown to be Mg x M y Mn1−y O2·zH2O, where x =0.08–0.10, y =0.23–0.29, z =0.35–0.54 in M=Co and x =0.13–0.14, y =0.03–0.16, z =0.19–0.28 in M=Fe. The preliminary electrochemical characteristics including charge–discharge cyclings of the metal-doped-todorokite electrodes were examined as lithium insertion hosts for cathodes in rechargeable lithium batteries. The metal-doped todorokite exhibited S-shaped discharge behavior and the Co-doped one with x =0.10, y =0.29 showed a high discharge capacity of ca. 132mAhg−1-oxide and cycling capacity of 90–100mAhg−1.