Mankind has harnessed energy from water for thousands of years, but mainly in the form of hydropower. Recently, power generation from water-electrode interactions has been demonstrated and graphene-based materials have shown great potential in developing self-powered devices driven by power from graphene-water interactions. The current paper starts from introducing fundamental mechanisms of graphene-water interactions and then summarizes most recent advances in building self-powered systems based on these interactions. A perspective on current problems and future development trend in electricity generation from graphene-water interactions is also presented.