Cognitive impairment, dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD) are multifactorial and complex conditions with several potentially modifiable risk factors including vascular and lifestyle factors.Owing to the multifactorial aetiology of dementia and AD, multidomain interventions that target several risk factors and mechanisms simultaneously might be needed for effective prevention.The first large randomized controlled trials of multidomain lifestyle interventions to prevent cognitive impairment have been completed, and the results suggest that targeting interventions to individuals at risk of dementia is an effective strategy.A life-course approach is needed to facilitate optimal lifestyle intervention strategies for different age groups and for individuals with different risk profiles.Identification of interventions that are effective and sustainable in different geographic, economic and cultural settings should be the focus of future research.
