Abstract Mining is excavation and recovery of ore and associated waste rocks from Earth's crust. The principle of mining is not to maximize ore production but to aim at zero waste generation and long-term sustainable development of nonrenewable wasting assets. The technology relies on rock competency, distance to surface, size, and orebody attributes, and is broadly grouped into surface and underground and soft and hard rock operations. Stoping is characterized by scale of mechanization, production capacity, productivity, postmining support, and cost per tonne of ore. Methods include open pit, underground soft bedded, and hard massive orebody. Mine access suites the technology during initial development. Production capacity and productivity increase with size of ore reserves, innovative cost-effective mining methods, and advanced mechanization. The procedure includes development, large diameter drilling, blasting, sizing, and transportation to in-house or third-party beneficiation plants. A standard-quality explosive improves the powder factor. Rock mechanic studies predict the best support system. Better mine ventilation improves the working conditions. Mine closure is an integral part within the legislative framework. A combination of in-house and commercial software provides the best possible design, execution, and product mix.