Understanding the demands of the various television formats is essential to effective television production techniques. Equally important is an understanding of the facilities and personnel that assist in productions. No two crew members or facilities are alike. However, all formats, from panel programs to musicals, require crews and facilities. There will have to be a set, or a location, and it will have to be lit. The production will require camera operators, audio technicians, tape operators, etc. Although this chapter focuses on studio production, much of the material is generic to location production as well. Chapter 11 will deal with the specifics of location work. This chapter, along with Chapter 3 outlines what you can expect from the most expensive top-of-the-line production center and crew complement. It would be most unusual to encounter this kind of facility and crew on a first job or at a learning facility. Furthermore, there is no single production that would require everything outlined in these chapters, nor any one facility that would offer all the gear and personnel outlined here, but some part of the material is essential to all productions. Understanding the many options available may suggest creative solutions to particular production problems.