A Type III Built-up Roofing Asphalt (BURA) fume condensate was evaluated for subchronic systemic toxicity and reproductive/developmental toxicity screening in Wistar rats, by OECD protocol 422 and OECD cytogenetic protocol 474. Animals were exposed by nose-only inhalation to target concentrations of 30, 100 and 300mg/m3 total hydrocarbons (actual concentrations, 30.0, 100.1 and 297.3mg/m3). The study was performed to assess potential hazards from asphalt fumes to which humans could be exposed during application. No adverse effects were seen for spermology, reproductive or developmental parameters or early postnatal development of offspring from day 1 to 4 postpartum. BURA fume condensate did not induce any significant increases in micronucleus frequency in polychromatic erythrocytes of rat bone marrow nor was neurobehavioral toxicity observed at any dose. Systemic effects were slight and seen at doses above those measured at work sites. The systemic NOAEC of 100mg/m3 for males was based on decreased body weight gain, food consumption and increased absolute and relative lung wet weight correlated with slight histological changes in the lung, primarily adaptive in nature at 300mg/m3. The female NOAEC of 30mg/m3 was based on a statistically significant increase in relative wet lung weight at higher doses, correlated with slight histopathologic effects in the lungs at the highest dose. However, no increase in relative lung weight was seen in breeding females at 100mg/m3.