Objective: To investigate whether suppression of right inferior frontal gyrus (Broca’s homologue) by 1-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can improve speech recovery. Design: Comparative, repeated-measure study. Setting: Rehabilitation unit at a university hospital. Participants: 8 subcortical aphasia patients who were 3 months to 3 years poststroke onset. Interventions: We applied low frequency rTMS on right Broca’s homologue twice a week for 6 weeks. rTMS was performed with intensity of 80% of motor threshold for 10 minutes (600 pulses) at a 1-Hz frequency. Main Outcome Measures: Subjects were tested with Korean Version of the Western Aphasia Battery before and after the procedure. Also they were tested with parallel short forms for the Korean-Boston Naming Test and Animal Naming Test serially for outcome measure. Results: Significant improvement was observed in picture naming at post-rTMS only in nonfluent aphasia patients but not in fluent aphasia patients. Conclusions: rTMS may provide a novel treatment for aphasia by possibly modulating the distributed, bi-hemispheric language network.