symmetry
algebra
function
domain
analytic geometry
parameterization
geometry

Introduction to “The Unification of Physics” & “Sequel of the
Unification of Physics” and Corresponding Property Right Status

I have written “The Unification of Physics” and “Sequel of the Unification of Physics”. The Chinese version of “The Unification of Physics” was published by China Meteorology Press in June of 1999. The English versions of “The Unification of Physics” and “Sequel of the Unification of Physics”, translated by Mr. Li Deren, were published by Hong Kong Tranfor Publishing Co., Limited in August of 2001. The Chinese version of “Sequel of the Unification of Physics” was published by China Ocean Press in September of 2001.
From the point of view of unification, “The Unification of Physics”, with its core of matter weak field, introduces non-linearity, non-symmetry, abnormal invariance and non-unitarity into theoretical physics, and further extends them to such fields as biology, chemistry and economics, which is a leap for mankind to know nature, society and itself. It is also a trans-subject research result relating knowledge itself morphology. Problems of nonlinearity, random, religion and psychology etc. are thoroughly solved, which are of important significance for mankind. The macroscopic interference in Chapter 1 of Part 1 of “The Unification of Physics” is the interference of macroscopic matter for both the average person and the interference of microscopic particles (waving performance) quantum mechanics, which in essence is non-relativity. It is an embodiment of the long-range matter weak field and the basic improvement of mankind knowledge. The matter weak field, the core content of “The Unification of Physics”, synthesizes theories such as relativity of current physics, quantum mechanics, quantum electrodynamics, normal field and current non-physical degree of freedoms. Matter weak field is independently and creatively put forward from the viewpoints of the unification of physics, nonlinearity, macro as well as commonly applied macro and micro in order to unify physics and to explain and solve various problems of physics. Matter being produces matter weak field by damaging vacuum, corresponding to the Goldstone theorem and Higgs theorem in current field phase. The difference lies in that Higgs particles exist in Higgs Theorem of current theory but only equivalent field exists in my theory, and in current theory Higgs particles are “eaten” by interacted mesons to produce mass. In my theory the corresponding field is attached over the matter damaging space. For Michelson & Morley experiment, photon and photon weak field are misunderstood at that time. Photon itself also has a weak field, and photon is not vacuum waving but photon weak field is vacuum waving, which is just the reason of quantum mechanics and quantum optics. Special relativity is the description for motion subject of matter weak field but general relativity for dynamics of matter weak field, although the basic viewpoint of relativity is not correct.
Universal gravitation of Newton explains celestial motion but my matter weak field explains nonlinearity law and basic dynamics reason as well as almost all difficult problems for current mankind such as religion phenomenon and random phenomenon. There are two directions for current unification theory, i.e. professional personnel try to unify matter and interaction from viewpoint of mathematics (group) but nonprofessional personnel try to unify interaction and word with a kind of particles. They have a common point for interacted meson viewpoint, which is monism, i.e. the world is the matter (particle) of one component, even vacuum is also matter particle. My unification theory is dualism, i.e. world is composed of two parts of matter and absolute vacuum (absolute space), interaction is transmitted by vacuum medium and meson is only result and addition of interaction. Vacuum quantization is particle of fixed domain and not motion of non-fixed domain. From the viewpoint of group, space-time is a six-dimension space composed of SO3 group of outer degree of freedoms and SU2 group (combining transformation) of inner degree of freedom for matter.
Ideology in philosophy and sociology, and electromagnetic pure potential, quantum position phase, normal field and entropy are all the embodiment of matter weak field. Combining transformation unifies inner degree of freedom and time, and unifies the normal transformation of inner degree of freedom and the speed transformation of relativity. Michelson & Morley experiment, taken for matter weak field (not electromagnetism field), is used to verify the absoluteness of space-time. Lorentz transformation is taken for matter weak field transformation and its phase is just quantum mechanics phase. The dynamics results of quantum mechanics phase is just the meaning of Lorentz transformation absoluteness. Corresponding quantum mechanics is extended to macro and corresponding physical phenomenon is macro interference and non-linear phenomenon. Absolute Lorentz transformation is just coordinate differential transformation of general relativity. Normal field (offset field) is taken for matter weak field, which dynamic results are the most direct reason of abnormal invariant. In universe there exists energy which can not be transformed to other mode, i.e. the corresponding energy of matter weak field, or called entropy energy. In universe, system exists spontaneous ordering phenomenon resulted from matter weak field, which is the corresponding field of matter inner degree of freedom, and the embodiment that matter inner degree of freedom can not be confined within the space (including inner part) surrounding matter.
Matter weak field is established on the basis of vacuum, which carries and restrains matter weak field, while vacuum itself exists restraint for matter weak field. Restraint is taken for calibration to calibrate the absoluteness of matter weak field, i.e. vacuum absoluteness, which is the meaning of vacuum field. The coordinate of vacuum and vacuum field is speed. In philosophy, vacuum corresponds to metaphysics and vacuum field is just metaphysics. From the viewpoint of culture, the oriental culture and occidental culture are interlinked. What Confucius, Zhu xi, Newton or I consider is common issue, i.e. the existence and action for vacuum (absolute space) of metaphysics. Matter weak field and vacuum field has explained rich physics phenomena such as earthquake dynamics, traditional Chinese medicine, quantum mechanics effect, nonlinear dynamics, super-distance action and statistics distribution etc. For the distribution, the existence of matter weak field makes matter system existing universal spontaneous ordering process.
“The Unification of Physics” makes clear that the existence of matter damages vacuum to produce matter weak field and damaged mass is the mass of matter. It is just linked up with current vacuum theory and makes innovation. It is equated matter weak field with normal field (or joint change field), and matter weak field is used to unify macro field theory (general relativity), micro field theory (quantum field theory) and normal field. It further explains the essences of quantum mechanics and relativity, and statistics mechanics is established on the basis of vacuum to put forward single particle statistics. It revises Newton law and thermodynamics law to put forward the concept of energy state. It puts forward Macro matter wave, i.e. gravitation wave, and macro normal force to spread weak action. It introduces non-unitarity, abnormal invariance and non-symmetry (as well as non-balance state and nonlinearity) into theoretical physics, in which the bright static structure and structural field have strong creativeness and is easily understood by people, i.e. any existence has corresponding special structure. For example, the static structure of air changes and transforms when temperature varies. Super-distance interaction exists between structures (including static structure and dynamic structure), which is the meaning of structural field, and the application of matter weak field to matter structure. Another important achievement is periodic law, which points out the basic law of evolution of mankind society in universe. Counteracting description of order parameter to macroscopic parameter, the achievement established on the achievement of periodic law, successfully explains the natural phenomena such as abnormal weather (EI Nino) and earthquake etc, which no doubt is the final correct explanation. Periodic law extends to the process of all fields in mankind knowledge, and any physical process essentially includes the variation of order parameter (matter weak field), which has its tendency and direction, and its application in social and economic fields should be paid attention. It analyses the physical basis of economic crisis and puts forward solution, which has important practical value and is also the basis of new economic theory.
Most of Western people sincerely believe in God, and matter weak field can be explained as the hand of God. Eastern people believe in Buddhism, and matter weak field can be explained as the hand of Buddha. There are Confucianism and Taoism in the tradition of China, which can be directly understood as matter weak field. For example, Taiji is vacuum and Liangyi is the positivity and negativity of matter weak field. If a scientist, a scholar, a person with rich experiences or a person of great depth compares his accumulative experiences and problems with matter weak field, he will find that matter weak field is just the answer to these problems. The discovery of matter weak field has solved the questions precipitated since the history of mankind, including the most sophisticated problems in the world of today. The issues, explored for hundreds and thousands years by mankind, have been solved, and the problems, thought extremely difficult by people, have been solved. This is the reality!
“The Unification of Physics” is the new starting point for knowledge of mankind, the basis for a kind of new knowledge, and the basis for new mode of thinking and mode of proof. It symbolizes that the knowledge to universe, nature and itself by mankind has entered new level and new field. Matter weak field, discovered by me, is the basic nature of matter like universal gravitation. Prior to my discovery there was biological field describing matter weak field, but it is my achievement to put forward matter weak field from the viewpoint of the basic nature of matter and to take matter weak field for physical field (for solving various questions), just like the distinction between the interaction of planets and the universe gravitation discovered by Newton. Micro-vibration of human body is aimed at the medical value, to be more exact micro-vibration of matter of human body. Universally speaking, all matter systems, such as geological system, have micro-vibration, and corresponding questions can also be solved. I have found the certainty cause of random problem, which is one of the embodiments of counteracting system. The essence of random problem is the certainty problem for phase turbulence of structure. One of the important values for periodic law lies in the two directions to distinguish things evolution, in which one is from instability to stability and from disorder to order and another is on the contrary. To know the inherent orientation of system is of important significance for decreasing losses resulted from economic crisis and treating diseases such as cancer etc., because different or opposite measures should be taken for different evolution directions.
I name the new knowledge morphology corresponding to “The Unification of Physics” as unification. It has following distinctions with science: it pays attention to explore the phenomena essence and the deep cause but not limited to the description for phenomena; it pays attention to explore the relationship between different phenomena but not limited the classification for phenomena; it pays attention to the common ground of phenomena and mutual transformation but not limited to the consideration for the distinction of phenomena. Its distinction with philosophy lies in that unification discusses the concrete problem and concrete phenomenon like science. Its distinction with special subjects, such as biology and chemistry, lies in that it pays attention to the method of research and mode of thinking.
If science is understood as a kind of longitudinal thinking mode, unification will be lateral thinking mode. The thinking mode of unification accounts for a large proportion in mankind thinking. The foundation of unification is the great liberation for the thought of mankind. Unification has no national boundaries and is not overshadowed by the poverty and suffering of the founder. On the contrary, it will be shined ever if its difficult founding experience is understood. Science and unification, the two kinds of morphologys for objective reality of mankind knowledge, should be mutually promoted but not mutually rejected.
From the autumn of 1996 to March 8, 1998, I had independently completed the part I to IV of “The Unification of Physics” in a fifth floor house, located in a poor residential area, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China. Besides my parent I have not got any economic support and no people gave direct guidance to me for writing the paper. I wrote the paper by independent conception and independent research. “The Unification of Physics”, involving all fields of mankind knowledge, is thoroughly promoted on the level of knowledge. In front of a vast sea of knowledge, I should gather up the threads and find out the way to introduce and describe. These metaphysical things were gradually summed up as technical difficulty which needed gradually solved. The number and difficulty of problems had exceeded imagination. The work of each step was very difficult, and vast suffering, pressure, danger and choice were hidden in the life which seemed quiet. I always told myself that the future would be bright if I could make unremitting efforts.
The original status for property right of “The Unification of Physics” is as follows: “Relativity of Electromagnetic Phenomenon and the Application of Electromagnetic Photon Wave Function in Particle of Material Object” was sent to the magazine “China Science” in April 7, 1996. Part I, Part II, Part III and Part IV of “The Unification of Physics” were respectively sent to the magazine “China Science” in March 8, 1997, July 2, 1997, December 25, 1997, and March 8, 1998.
The papers were also sent to the Foundation Office of China Scientific and Technical Department (the former State’s Scientific and Technical Committee). The paper of “The Unification of Physics” was timely turned over to Mr. Tsung-Dao Lee by Mr. Feng Sunqi from Beijing University.
The paper “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” is another epoch-making work after “The Unification of Physics”. It is also a collection of papers, including the new subject founded by me: super-molecule chemical physics, morphological economics, micro-vibration theory (morphological psychology) and further discussions relating to matter weak field. I independently completed “Sequel of The Unification of Physics”, which is the important summary for mankind knowledge by using the existing results of mankind knowledge for reference. I think that super-molecule chemical physics shall be a subject across general physics and theoretical physics, which position corresponds to the existing thermodynamics etc. The field discussion and the part relating to matter weak field in “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” can replace some contents of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanics field theory and relativity in existing physics to become a course. Morphological economics is no doubt an important economic subject. Micro-vibration theory is widely applied in psychological, medical and more extensive fields, such as philosophy and vibration problems. The readers, who like literal arts, are suggested to firstly read Part III “Morphological Economics” and Part IV “Theory of Micro-vibration (Morphological Psychology)”. The scholars and specialist in physics field might as well firstly read Part II “Matter Weak Field (Discussions of Field)”. The person with a basis of science, who is interested in new knowledge, can firstly read Part I “Super-molecule Chemical Physics”, which is of course the important part of “Sequel of The Unification of Physics”.
Super-molecule chemical physics, issued in Beijing in February 3, 1999, has explained heat, thermodynamics, nonlinearity and extensive natural phenomena by similar chemical equation and super-molecule structure similar to molecular structure from the viewpoint of structural formation and transformation. This new subject, founded by me, is based on systematic structures including balanced structure, non-balanced structure, dynamic structure, static structure, divided structure, concealed structure and micro structure etc. The nonlinear force (matter weak field) universally exists and matter system is spontaneously transformed from order structure to disorder structure. To be exact, for a system we only discuss its degree of order, but not order or disorder. “Super-molecule chemical physics” was sent to the Foundation Office of China Scientific and Technical Department in December 16, 1999, when super-molecule chemical physics, as a subject, is formally come into being. The important tasks of this subject are to solve the problems of both nonlinear dynamics and internal-hidden nonlinear power. Super-molecule chemical physics is the unification of chemistry and physics (including heat, thermodynamics and nonlinearity) on the level of super-molecule. Super-molecule chemical physics introduces the important concepts such as field entropy and revolving structure, especially the application of chemical method on super-molecular level in physical problem has epoch-making significance. It means that the physics symbolized by mathematics will be replaced by the super-molecule chemical physics symbolized by unification, which has a vast developing space. In March 13, 2000 super-molecule chemical physics was delivered to a person for typing, who is in charge of Typing Office of some unit of Northeast University.
Morphological economics, the new subject founded by me and issued in Beijing in February 3, 1999, considers economics problem in the abstract ideological space and basically describes the formation, evolution, decline and volume of industry, which is the core of new economics. It is formally completed in the end of September of 1999. At the beginning of October, I went to Beijing and mentioned the completed morphological economics to my friend. In March 1, 2000 morphological economics was delivered to a person for typing, who is in charge of Typing Office of some unit of Northeast University.
Matter weak field (discussion of field), completed in February 17, 2000, and was delivered to a person for typing, who is in charge of Typing Office of some unit of Northeast University.
In August 28, 1998 theory of micro-vibration (morphological psychology) was issued in Beijing. In June 20, 1998 I have introduced theory of organic micro-vibration in the press of China Scientific and Technological Daily. Theory of organic micro-vibration has basic significance for psychological phenomena, organic interrelation and evolution of organic condition etc. In April 3, 2000 micro-vibration (morphological psychology) was delivered to a typist of some unit of Shenyang City for typing.
In April 21, 2000 the typing for Part I to III of “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” (Chinese Version) was completed, then I came to Beijing for publishing this book, and posted or directly presented several copies to related units and persons. In May 28, 2000, the typing for Part I to IV of “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” (Chinese version) were totally completed, then I came to Beijing again for publishing the book. In May 29, I sent the complete manuscript and disks to some press and also presented several copies to related units and persons. Until September of 2001 the book of “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” was published by China Ocean Press. During this period, “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” was translated by Mr. Li Deren to English version, which, together with the previously-translated “The Unification of Physics” (English version), was published by Hong Kong Transfor Publishing Co., Limited.
“The Unification of Physics” and “Sequel of the Unification of Physics”, individually created and completed by me, are the results of my efforts for more than a decade. It is a very important work to clarify property right, which is mainly clarified by works itself, then followed by corresponding information after works created, i.e. corresponding content I issued. The above description comes from this. Here some brief descriptions are made again. The basic principle of super-molecule chemical physics is the existence of systematic structure or integral structure, and system is spontaneously transformed from disorder to order structure and the degree of order is continuously increasing. The core of super-molecule physics is super-molecular structure, which is established on the basis of static structure in “The Unification of Physics”. The author puts forward super-molecular structure from the viewpoint of nonlinearity, non-thermodynamics and entirety, or sets up the description of super-molecular structure, explains and solves the problems such as heat, thermodynamics and nonlinearity as well as nature phenomena from the viewpoint of super-molecule chemical physics, including the producing method and application of concept, which constitutes the property right of super-molecule chemical physics. In modern theory there are synergetics and dissipative structures. Not considering more about the theory of thermodynamics, synergetics puts forward the synergetic action and solves various problems. Considering the theory of thermodynamics, the theory of dissipative structure puts forward that in nonlinear and non-balanced status the system occurs self-organization reaching order structure, i.e. dissipative structure. Also considering the law of thermodynamics, super-molecule chemical physics have revised it to a great extent. Because of the universal existence of matter weak field, which is the basic nonlinear reason, nonlinearity universally exists in any state of any system, and system always exists with the tendency of spontaneously transforming from disorder to order structure but not limited to non-balanced status due to the action of matter weak field (nonlinear force). In super-molecule chemical physics, the author has successfully solved turbulence, phase turbulence and random problem and given corresponding solution. The author thinks that this has thoroughly solved turbulence, phase turbulence and random problem, which is both theoretical solvement and practical solvement, and is both mathematic model and physical principle. Of course the author has also thoroughly solved nonlinear problem. In the first half part of super-molecule chemical physics the author discusses the principle and solution of nonlinear problem, and turbulence, phase turbulence and random problem, as concrete nonlinear problem, are gradually described and solved in the second half. Static structure, playing an important role in super-molecule chemical physics, can not be formed because system is spontaneously transformed from order to disorder according to the existing theory of thermodynamics. There is point matrix gas model in the existing thermodynamics statistics physics, but it is only model in mathematic calculation and has not physical essence. Only super-molecule chemical physics is established under the meaning of matter weak field can the physical basis and essence existed in static structure and corresponding super-molecular structure set up. It has a very wide range for application such as current popular nanometer problem, besides the above turbulence, phase turbulence and random problem. Although there are a lot of researches for nanometer problem now, it is really not clear for the principle of nanometer structural formation and varied nanometer structures, which just leaves space for utilizing super-molecule chemical physics, i.e. matter weak field and super-molecule chemical physics are the principle and essence of nanometer structural problem. Simply speaking, water and air, familiar with people, are composed of molecules, but water and air, actually contacted and seen by people, are composed of molecular groups recombined by molecules, i.e. the reaction for the property of molecular groups system. For example, U.S.A is composed of Americans, but it will be too simplified if considering the society of U.S.A from the viewpoint of Americans. Actually the society of U.S.A is constituted by various institutes and groups, which should be studied for researching the society of U.S.A. Just like considering the property of matter system from the property of matter molecules, it is not correct to think that a Chinese medicine has no therapeutic effect if its molecules have no therapeutic effect. When seeing water or air in modern society, modern people should imagine that it is composed of molecular groups and the property of system is determined by the property of molecular groups. By the way, “super-molecule chemistry” should be “super-molecule chemical physics” in Line 7-8 of Page 1 in the book of “Sequel of the Unification of Physics”. There is an essential distinction between the super-molecular structure of super-molecule chemical physics and the molecular structure of super-molecule chemistry and high polymer chemistry, the latter is the chemical structure under the action of molecular force while the former is the physical structure under the action of matter weak field. Objectively speaking, the proofreading quality of “Sequel of the Unification of Physics” is not bad and there is very little mistake. The above mistake occurred after the third proofreading. “Physics” in “super-molecule chemical physics” had been omitted when typing after the second proofreading. Similar typing mistakes have been corrected by me in the fourth proofreading. At last “The Unification of Physics” and “Sequel of the Unification of Physics” were published in a simple form, just like the author in reality, who is plainly but neatly dressed. However, they are not overshadowed by the poverty of the author and will be shined ever if its difficult creating experience is understood. “The Unification of Physics” and “Sequel of the Unification of Physics” will certainly play important roles in the history of mankind.
The core of morphological economics is to introduce the mental factor of human being into economics so as to create mental morphological economics. Morphological psychology (theory of micro-vibration) is to combine morphology with psychology, i.e. to express the psychology of human being by the micro-vibration morphology of matter of human being so that there is the description in mathematics; and to express social morphology and physiological morphology as psychological morphology, i.e. to find out where the psychology and thought of human being come from.  Morphological psychology (theory of micro-vibration) also explains the meaning of Zhouyi, Wuxing and Confucianism of Chinese traditional culture.
I want to thank my parents who have given economic support to me. I also express my thanks to the professors, teachers and students in Beijing University in China, who have played very important roles in my mastering modern scientific knowledge. I appreciate some friends in press circle in the world, who have given me valuable understanding, especially in my extremely difficult position. I also want to thank Liaoning Provincial Library in China, where I could read some useful magazines and borrow appropriate books.
What is deserved to be mentioned is that Mr. Wang Yuanqing, the editor of my first book “The Unification of Physics” (Chinese version), is 32 years old like me. And Mr. Wang Hongchun, the editor of my second book “Sequel of the Unification of Physics” (Chinese version), and Mr. Li Deren, the translator of “The Unification of Physics” (English version) and “Sequel of the Unification of Physics” (English version), also have the same age of 32 by coincidence. Met by chance like patches of drifting duckweed, we have established deep friendship and jointly finished an important cause. Doctor Geng Jianping, from Hong Kong Transfor Publishing Co., Limited, has the similar age as me. In June of 2001 when I was in most difficult position, he came to Beijing to negotiate the publishing issue of “The Unification of Physics” (English version) and “Sequel of the Unification of Physics” (English version) with me on behalf of Hong Kong Transfor Publishing Co., Limited. He has made important contribution to the publication of “The Unification of Physics” (English version) and “Sequel of the Unification of Physics” (English version), and of course other people have also made great contributions to the publication of “The Unification of Physics” and “Sequel of the Unification of Physics”. Here I express my great appreciation for the people who have made contributions to “The Unification of Physics” and “Sequel of the Unification of Physics”. I will in details record their merits and achievements in the historic references. Individual, group and organization are welcomed to solve one or several items of The Unification of Physics, Unification or Super-molecule Chemical Physics, Matter Weak Field (Discussion of Field), Morphological Economics and Theory of Micro-vibration (Morphological Psychology) on behalf of me.
I welcome any country, district and publishing organization to set up related research institutes and to publish related publications for The Unification of Physics, Unification i.e. Super-molecule Chemical Physics, Matter Weak Field (Discussion of Field), Morphological Economics and Theory of Micro-vibration (Morphological Psychology).

Wenli Li

November 25, 2001

The Unification of Physics, Wenli Li, Beijing, Meteorology Press, June of 1999

Sequel of the Unification of Physics, Wenli Li, Beijing, Ocean Press, Sept. of 2001

THE UNIFICATION OF PHYSICS WENLI LI HongKong Tranfor Publishing Co., Limited 2001
SEQUEL OF THE UNIFICATION OF PHYSICS WENLI LI HongKong Tranfor Publishing Co., Limited 2001

I am LiWenli, I am in Beijing, I want to go abroad to work for the world, I need to be helped to go abroad.
Phone  8610 89833812  13621299421
           8624 24215899
43 Hucheng Guajiatun Haidian Beijing China   100091
friendliwenli@hotmail.com,  daweli@msn.com,  friendlwl@sina.com.cn
http://267696852.home.icq.com/
http://friendwenlili.myrice.com/
http://295220039.home.icq.com
http://www.freewebs.com/winstonlee

I can bet $10 on his/her being a so called bogus scientist.

Introduction to “The Unification of Physics”, “Sequel of the Unification of Physics” and Corresponding Property Right Status (Continued)

In November 25, 2001, I issued one of my articles “Introduction to “The Unification of Physics”, “Sequel of the Unification of Physics” and Corresponding Property Right” on the Internet and by Mail, introducing the contents of “The Unification of Physics”, “Sequel of the Unification of Physics” and the related property right. Here, I’ll further explain them.
The first part of “The Unification of Physics” was completed in March 8, 1997, however, some message had been issued at the end of 1996 as an article “Sequel of the Unification of Physics to the Director of the State’s Science Committee, the Director of the State’s Education Council and the President of China Academy of Sciences”. At that time, the State’s director of Science Committee was Mr. Song Jian, who is now the vice President of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference; and the President of China Academy of Sciences is current vice director of the National People’s Congress, Mr. Zhou Guangzhao. Letter from the Director of State’s Science Committee Mr. Song Jian was returned with a reception seal; but nothing was returned from the Director of the State’s Education Council and the President of China Academy of Sciences.
All the parts of “The Unification of Physics” from Part one to four are in the same way. One the paper was completed, I would wrote an introduction article to issue related message. After the second part of “The Unification of Physics” was finished, I named the introduction article as “My Proclamation”, and the introduction name to Part Three and Part Four is “Postscript to Part Three and Part Four”, which was mailed to corresponding section, academic units, and news units.
The completed date to “The Unification of Physics” was defined by the date when I posted my articles to the magazine “China Science” and the Foundation Department of the State’s Science Committee. Hence, I reserved the mail receipt as a proof. After one to two months, a letter was returned from the magazine “China Science” with a reception seal, telling me to publish it in other magazines. In the meantime, nothing was returned from the Foundation Department of the State’s Science Committee, but I phoned to Mr. Zhang Yandong several times, who was working in the Foundation Department of the State’s Science Committee and confirmed that the letter had been received. In addition, Mr. Feng Sunqi told me that the paper I consigned him had been turned over to Mr. Tsung-Dao Lee.
The first and second parts of “The Unification of Physics” was typed and compiled into a digital file once they were completed, and was issued on the Internet ftp://202.118.5.134/incoming/yhxia/LWL/LWL.exe with the help of Mr. Xia Yuhu, a Ph. D student in Northeast University. Meanwhile, 20 copies of the paper were given to corresponding sections, USA Embassy in China, Britain Embassy in China, France Embassy in China, Russia Embassy in China, and U.N. International Labor Organization. Later, I presented the same paper copy disks to Italy Embassy in China, Japan Embassy in China, and Germany Embassy in China. After the disks and letters were sent, I had asked their status by phone. U.N. International Labor Organization and France Embassy in China confirmed that they had received my paper. When I got into trouble at that time, I even received a formal letter from Britain Embassy in China, telling me that they had received my paper. Really, I was moved and deeply impressed by their kindly behavior.
The third part, the forth part and postscript of “The Unification of Physics” was typed in the Automation Center of Northeast University in March 11th to April 23rd in 1998, which were compiled into a disk copy (the complete paper) together with the first and second part and issued on the Internet with the help of Dr. Xia Yuhu. In the same way, I mailed about 20 copies to corresponding sections, embassies, as well as news units. Later, I phoned the units to ask for the papers’ status.
When the whole paper of “The Unification of Physics” was completed in 1998, Mr. Gao Lei from Liao Ning also helped me to propagandize my paper on the Internet.
On the basis of “World Copyright Pact”, “Protecting Literature and Art Works Berne Pact” and “Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China”, the formal issued date of the first part and second part of “The Unification of Physics” shall be August 1997, and the formal issued date of “The Unification of Physics” shall be April 1998. I think it shall be recognized by the world. Any person who has questions can ask the units like the U.N. Labor Organization (Beijing Bureau), France Embassy in China, Britain Embassy in China, and China Science and Technology Ministry, which I had mailed one disk as regards “The Unification of Physics”, as well as the unites or individuals who typed my paper.
Till now, the date is still written on my wall: June 14, 98. I lived there individually. If I leave, my parents shall know when I leave once they come and today becomes a historic memory! It was just June 14, 1998 when I left Shen Yang for Beijing. It is difficult for me to elaborate my conditions at that time, but I remember one sentence by Lenin “Forgetting Last Means Betray”. After I reached Beijing, I met Mr. Qi from American Broadcast Company, and later Miss Pan from Newspaper Week. I presented my paper disks to them. In addition, I also met Miss Liu Li, the section chief in secretariat of the Standing Committee of China Science Society, and Professor Wang Qing in Physical Department of Tsing Hua University. Of course, I send them my paper disks.
During this time, I also mailed or directly handed in my paper disks to some professors in Peking University. I remembered that Professor Zhao Kaihua told by phone that he had received my disk, but it’s difficult for him to read it by computer. I had also met Professor Liu Shida in Peking University, who was a kind gentleman and impressed me deeply. In August in the same year, I met the science and technology commissioner from France Embassy in China, introducing him the unification of physics and presented him my paper disk. In addition, I also gave my disks as regards “the Unification of Physics” to some students, like Li Tiejun in Peking University, Zou Yi in Beijing Institute of Technology, and a Japanese student in Capital Normal University Shan Qi Ke Mei.
Some of my print manuscripts of “The Unification of Physics” were also given to some people, like Professor Wu Jike in Peking University, Mr. Guo Hua (who is now the vice president of Physical Department of Peking University” and Professor Wang Qing mentioned above. In about May, 1999, I presented my completed Chinese and English versions of “The Unification of Physics” to Britain Broadcast Company through Mr. Deng. In June, 1999, the Chinese version of “The Unification of Physics” was published by China Meteorology Press with the number of 1000. This was an important time and incident for publishing the book. Hence, the issue time and status for publishing all papers related to “The Unification of Physics” are definite, which can be verified from multiple aspects, involving academic units as well as government departments and including Chinese people, foreign friends, and even U.N. organizations.
In December 16, 1999, the papers as regards “Super-molecule Chemistry and Physics” were sent to the Foundation Department of the State’s Science Committee， USA Embassy in China, Britain Embassy in China, France Embassy in China, and Russia Embassy in China, and issued corresponding messages, i.e. I Issue (10th). The messages were mailed to Chinese related departments, foreign embassies in China and U.N. organizations. I still remember that in 1999 European was attacked by hurricane seriously, and my paper of “Super-molecule Chemistry and Physics” was just useful to solve related nonlinear problems. Before that time, my paper had been sent out.
In March 13, 2000, the paper “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” was typed by Miss Zhan Zili, who was working for the Automation Center of Northeast University. “Hence the paper was put on records in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Department, the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, China Science Society, China Science and Technology Department, USA Embassy in China, Britain Embassy in China, France Embassy in China, Russia Embassy in China, and U.N. Labor organization (Beijing Bureau) and was mailed to some important news units”. The contents above are just “I Issue (11st).
The first to third parts of “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” (Chinese Version) (Super-molecule Chemical Physics, Discussion of Field, and Morphology Economics) were completed in April 21, 2000. At the same time, I came to Beijing in April 24 and contacted China Weapon Industry Press for publishing this book and copied some papers (first to third print manuscripts) to related units and persons. In May 28, 2000, the four parts “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” (Super-molecule Chemical Physics, Discussion of Field, Morphological Economics and Theory of Micro-Vibration (Morphological Psychology)) were typed, and I came to Beijing again for publishing the book. In May 29, I sent the complete manuscript and disks of “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” to China Weapon Industry Press and signed a contract one week later. But after that, the press breached the contract and didn’t publish my book. So I prosecuted the press to Hai Dian Court, Beijing, China and the first Intermediate Court of Beijing. During this period, I delivered my disk files and manuscripts as regards “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” to the courts, and corresponding judgment was recorded. The judgment recorded two important facts: the first was that I did deliver my manuscript of “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” to China Weapon Press; and the second was that I did hand in my disk files of “Sequel of The Unification of Physics”. In April 24 when I was ready to come to Beijing, I had mailed three print manuscripts to China Science and Technology Department，France Embassy in China, and Britain Embassy in China. After I came to Beijing, I gave one copy to Professor Bao Chongguang in Beijing Institute of Technology, who was also working for China Science Society, and Editor Wang Yuanqing, China Meteorology Press. Since China Weapon Press breached the contract in June 2000, I made multiple copies of “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” and mailed them to U.N. Labor Organization, related foreign embassies in China, news units. Meanwhile, I myself handed in my papers to some people like Mr. Deng from Britain Broadcast Company and Miss Pan from Newspaper Week, Mr. Miller from France Embassy in China, and China State’s Library. Mr. Qi from USA Broadcast Company had phoned me that he had received my disk files. In addition, I had asked Dr. Lee Tiejun to send the electronic version of the book to the Internet at Fei Yu Internet Bar at the South Gate of Peking University. I still remember that the website was Chinaren, and till now I still use the network name li_wenli registered in Chinaren. At that time, I propagandized “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” on the Internet in time.
On the basis of “World Copyright Pact”, “Protecting Literature and Art Works Berne Pact” and “Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China”, the formal issued date of Super-molecule Chemical Physics shall be December 1999, and the formal issued date of “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” shall be September 2001 published by China Ocean Press with the number of 2000. This was an important time and incident for publishing the book. In October 2000, I had sent the book “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” (Chinese Version) to Hong Kong Transfor Publishing Co., Limited. In June, 2001, Mr. Geng Jianping in Hong Kong Transfor Publishing Company came from Singapore to Beijing and signed the contract with me to publish “The Unification of Physics” and “Sequel of the Unification of Physics”. In August, 2001, the two books were published by Hong Kong Transfor Publishing Co., Limited.
Some related units made a lot of efforts to publish the book “Sequel of The Unification of Physics” and gave me a chance of final check, although they faced lots of pressure and difficulties and the time is so limited (from the view of the presses at that time). When I saw that the “author” at the preface and postscript parts was modified into “penman”, I corrected it immediately. But to my surprise, all the “authors” in the book were changed into “penman”, with the only exception that there is one section in the book “Just like ancient people who came from sludge, but was not contaminated, expressing that the author’s special spirit and attitude, that is, be not associated with bad environment.
The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics are my creative achievements. The related details have been mentioned in the contents introduction and property right status of The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics. Here, it is shall be further explained that my book is completely different from other general books. For example, in a book of thermal mechanics, its basic creeds and contents are 90% or 100% the existent achievements, just like introducing how to use a software or someone’s own experience in an article as regards computer, which cannot own the property right of the software itself. And books of thermal mechanics are written to introduce the thermal mechanical rules and the authors’ own experience but they don’t occupy related property rights of thermal mechanical laws.
However, my achievement is just the software coded by me. I myself discovered and created a nature science software super-molecule chemical physics, although the contents referenced some current scientific achievements. Its basic principles, creeds and methods are created by me. If comparing with an author who owns the intelligent property right, just like Hacken who created synergetics, and the dissipation structure creator. The book of this kind is totally different from those which employ current theories or just make a little modification. It is me who crated Super-Molecule Chemical Physics and wrote it into the book, and constructed a software platform (Operate System), together with the Matter Weak Field discovered by me and corresponding theories.
I remember that at one time I listened to a report presented by a Japanese scholar, Chinese scholars also attended. Chinese scholars said that there was also a poor and rich difference in Japan, but the Japanese didn’t think like that. Although his Chinese was not good, but he responded immediately, and corrected that the difference was not large like that of China. Here, I try to say something modest but I was really treated unfairly. The publish of Sequel of The Unification of Physics was delayed for more than a year, and I sustained large losses for this. In addition, “author” in the published book (Sequel of The Unification of Physics) had been changed into “penman”.
Paper or book of any person will have to reference and turn to current existent knowledge achievements, like synergetics of nonlinear theory, and theories of dissipation structures. Although the great scientist Newton, he was still “standing on the shoulders of giants”. The references for Sequel of The Unification of Physics and The Unification of Physics are relatively few. Because some basic views and creeds in the papers and books are creative, and many contents mentioned in the books are the results I observed for a long time. Sequel of The Unification of Physics and The Unification of Physics cannot be substituted by any other book. I can even complete the two books by using other references.
Of course, I am also standing on the shoulders of giants. The current theories and achievements for supporting the two books include: the first, quantum mechanics (quantized field theory and quantum electrodynamics); the second, synergetics; the third, theory of relativity and electrodynamics; the forth, thermal mechanics and statistical physics; the fifth, normal fields; the sixth, dissipation structure theory; the seventh is particle physics; and the eighth, current nonlinear dynamics. I cannot complete the core parts of The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics: matter weak field and super-molecule chemical physics without these theories, and further the two complete books.
In September 2001, the book The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics (English versions) as well as Sequel of The Unification of Physics (Chinese Version) were published, which broke the conspiracy to force-out Sequel of The Unification of Physics. Meanwhile, conspiracies of debasing The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics become clamours. For the first reason, debasing the theories can maintenance current academic system, so as to protect the education and scientific research system as well as some persons’ benefits; for the second reason, debasing the theories means transferring them to the dominators; and for the third reason, debasing the theories is helpful to plagiarize my creative achievements for The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics. They are the three benefits that I generalize, and the reasons that why The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics are blocked for a long time.
For the first time, I created the theory of matter weak field individually, like the universal gravitation of Newton, being historically significant. Discovering and putting forward universal gravitation theory can be traced. Similarly, discovering and putting forward matter weak field can also be traced. The basic reason is that it’s my experience to observe matters and the relationship between them. To express my experience, I studied by myself and learned the courses presented by Peking University as an auditor and so express it in physical terms, thus forming the long-distance matter weak field, which is the field caused incomplete vacuum due to matters; this experience or discoveries can also be represented by other terms, like morphology or micro-vibration. The theory of matter weak-field also solves the problems of physics universally; and morphology economics and morphology psychology (micro-vibration theory) solve the problems of economics, psychologies, as well as tradition Chinese culture.
Here, I’d like to state that the difference between The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics and other current physics on the basis of contents introduction and property status description of The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics. On the one hand, it is phenomenological theory for quantum theory (quantized field theory  and quantum electrodynamics)， and the phenomenological explanation of quantum mechanics with the basis of quantum mechanic statistics, like epicycle theory to explain the movement of stars in the sky. Matter’s intrinsic field put forward by me is the reason of quantum mechanics, like Newton’s universal gravitation theory to explain the stars’ motion rules. Meanwhile, I firstly recognized the mechanism of matter weak-field is just the existence of absolute space. And matter existence is caused by incomplete space. In addition, a lot of detailed contents in The Unification of Physics were also created and put forward by me, like the absolute space is equal to vacuum; vacuum is complex scalar particle lattice in localization, responding the behavior of single particle by statistics of corresponding vacuum particles.
I completely constructed the theory of The Unification of Physics and the theory of matter weak-field. Secondly, the theory of relativity is also phenomenological like quantum mechanics, to describe physical phenomena; similarly, I explain the sense of theory of relativity and related problems just by entitative matter weak-field. Thirdly, for the current normal fields, there are normal fixity and non-physical degrees of freedom. That is, there is some thing in the world (for an instance, shadow of a body), but it’s not physically influential. I firstly regard the current non-physical degree of freedoms as physical degree of freedoms (classical Abel normal field and non-Abel normal field as well as non-physical degree of freedoms in quantum field theory). Corresponding normal invariance doesn’t exist. The current optics also denies the light’s non-physical degree of freedoms. Matter weak-field theory thinks that photon has its own field, which is a physical field. This is the physical sense of photon phase, the reason of super light speed, and the reason of quantum optics. From the view of phase, the theory of matter-weak think that quantum mechanics phase, quantum field phase, as well as quantum phone phase is all physically meaningful and influential, while the phase invariance theory is not correct. I noticed the discussion of super light speed in China’s newspapers. It might be noted that the date of publishing my paper and issuing the articles is different, and also the contents and contact address. In addition, it shall also be noted that the issued date as regards nonlinearity and fields as different from mine. Forth, the current thermal mechanics (the 2nd law) has been changed into , that is, matter weak-field term has been added, thus changing the thermal rules and direction thoroughly. Current thermal mechanics deems that the system will automatically transit from order to disorder, but my theory with matter weak-field think the system will automatically transit from disordered structure to ordered structure, which is just the basic principle of super-molecule physical physics. This is an very important incident. There is one section in The Unification of Physics, “Today is November 6th, 1999. At the interchange time of century and thousand years, people’s knowledge shall change essentially: the popular process of nature is not from order to disorder, but from disorder to order”. It is said that this sentence had been cancelled before the book was to publish, but later it was added again, that is “At the interchange time of century and thousand years, people’s knowledge shall change essentially: the popular process of nature is not from order to disorder, but from disorder to order”. I myself also created three fundamental laws of super-molecule chemical physics, constructing the fundamental methods of super-molecule chemical physics. This theory assimilated ideas of current synergetics, dissipation structure theory and nonlinear dynamics as well as chemical physics. Based on these theories, the fundamental principle of super-molecule chemical physics was generated. Like matter weak-field theory, which solves physical and theoretical problems essentially, super-molecule chemical physics also solves non-linear and nonlinear dynamics problems. The essence of natural science is nonlinearity and nonlinear dynamics. Super-molecule chemical physics is just practical application of matter weak-field. Fifthly, super-molecule chemical physics is different from super-molecule chemistry. They are two different fields. For super-molecule chemistry, chemical force (chemical bond) causes the behavior of chemical super-molecule (macromolecules); while for super-molecule chemical physics, the behavior of super-molecule structure is a local structure acted by physical force (long distance matter-weak field), with the core of solving nonlinear problems. Of course, super-molecule chemical physics shall solve the problems of physical chemistry, and the latter shall include all chemical dynamics. In this sense, super-molecule chemical physics is meaningful to super-molecule chemistry.
The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics are the contributions I made to the whole human beings. It took me more than ten years to write them. The difficulties and hardship are not easily understood by others. During this period, my heart was seriously tortured. Publishing The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics also took me great efforts, as well as large money. I borrowed a lot of money from others to publish them. Here, I thank my friends who lend money to me sincerely. Without their help, it was difficult for me to publish The Unification of Physics, and complete Sequel of The Unification of Physics. Hence, my friends also made a great contribution for completing and publishing The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics。
About unification, People have two kinds of thought ways. If one cannot understand why there are two kinds of thought ways in the world, it will be difficult for him to understand unification. Just like there is upper, lower, left and right, there are also two thought tendencies, which exit in people’s thought every time and thought one’s whole life. The creative meaning of unification is to discover these two kinds of thought ways and mark and define them. One is scientific thinking, and the other is unification thinking. While science is external, unification is also external, thus forming two kinds of thought. People’s thought also have these two kinds of ways, like one has left hand and right hand, like there are men and women in the world, and like there are positive charge and negative charge. For some people, science thinking is mainly for his life; for some people, unification thought is mainly for his life; for some people, scientific thought is primary at one time, but unification thought is primary at another time; for some one, scientific thought is mainly for his life; for some people, unification thought is primary at one time, but unification thought is primary at another time. But in these ways, thought ways are usually neglected. Only those who experience thought afflicts live through hardships and really is interested to study thought problems can make achievements and know its true meaning. For an instance, when I was a kid (about thirteen years old), I went to field to pull grasses out. I found that someone liked to pull all the grasses at one time, while others liked to pull coarsely at the first time, then the second time thoroughly, which is my first thinking about the thought ways.
The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics basically solve the problems of current physical problems, and also the problems of economics, psychology, thus pushing the current study of economics and psychology into a new level. For economics, the key problem of economics is to solve human being’s spirit problems (morphology). This idea is creative for economics in spirit, superorganic economics, and theoretic economics. It is human being’s spirit (status) that determines economic status and scale. The essence of economic crisis is the crisis of human’s spirits or the periodic process; thus providing a theoretic fundaments to solve economic problems, and alleviate economic crisis. For physiology problems, morphology psychology (micro-vibration) employs human body’s micro-vibration to express people’s psychology, which is a milestone of psychology, which is using morphology to describe psychology, representing with virtual vibration. This kind of contribution is nothing less than Freud’s psychoanalysis to psychology, which establishes a quantity mathematical description fundamental and truly constructs the fundamentals of scientific study of psychology. Morphology psychology links society morphology, human beings’ physiology and psychology morphology, answering the problem where people’s psychology comes from.
It is well known that the plagiary problems in social science field are more serious than in the nature science. My papers (and books) were threatened in the social science field more seriously than in the nature science field. So, I ask readers to note the dates in newspapers as regards publishing economics, psychology articles are different from mine, as well as corresponding contents.
Sequel of The Unification of Physics also lists references. But there is no sentence in the part of morphology psychology is referenced, no matter the basic creeds or detailed contents. Which are completely created by me, though long-time observation, thinking, and studying. Each word is made by my painstaking efforts. The meaning of references here is to provide a thinking view and direction. Of course, morphology psychology is based on current psychology, like Freud’s psychoanalysis.
The Unification of Physics also essentially solves China’s traditional culture problems, which are metaphysics. My creative achievements are embodied at the unification of physics, to match metaphysic China’s traditional culture with absolute space (vacuum), and match metaphysics with matter weak-field, thus linking eastern and western culture and science. By the way, metaphysics was debased in neoteric China. So it is memorable for me to reveal the deep connotation of China’s traditional culture and publish it.
The creeds and key contents of The Unification of Physics and Sequel of The Unification of Physics are discovered and created by me; its detailed contents are also observed, studied, and discovered by me individually, like the definition of economic fractal  , the definition of rotation structure and rotation fractal, explanation of complex, the relationship between nonlinearity and fractal, as well as the fact that left handedness person’s left hand is higher than right handedness person, and right handedness person’s right hand is higher than left handedness person. In the Sequel of The Unification of Physics, the rotation structure was named as Lee’s second structure, matching the name of static structure in The Unification of Physics. However, this definition was cancelled, and my intelligent property right was debased. On the other hand, I do feel some people don’t understand the different between super-molecule chemical physics molecule structure and that of chemical super-molecule.
As fundamentals of a lot physical theories, Newton mechanics has experienced a long history and is well known. If each physical problem has to be traced to Newton mechanics, and references Newton’s original work, then it is not to study physical problems, but to look up a physical dictionary. Just like a Chinese character, each has been marked a derivation, thus becoming writing a Chinese dictionary, instead of doing other things with Chinese characters. Of course, matter weak-filed is established on the basis of Newton mechanics, but it’s a correction like the theory of matter weak-field to Thermal Mechanics Second Law. Here, , ignoring matter’s properties and their relationships in Newton mechanics.
Whether matter weak-field itself or its modification to thermal mechanics as well as Newton mechanics, is very obvious creative achievement, essentially changing the appearance and status of physics. It is also my contribution to the human beings. Although someone wants to debase, control and plagiarize my great contribution, his conspiracy is determined to fail. Someone in a certain Chinese unit agrees to help me construct my personal webpage, and I paid a lot of efforts for it. But after he finished, he didn’t deliver me for a long time. Although he sent me an electronic file to me later, but it couldn’t be opened at all. Finally, he refused to give me directly. On the contrary, he put my webpage on his unit, with its unit name just of Sequel of The Unification of Physics. But not only that, he even signed his own name and the unit’s name under the webpage for me. This is a brazen plagiary and tortuous behavior. He even wrote to me that if I gave him some of my property copyright, everything could be negotiated. I always think that the Weapon Press wanted to control and obtain parts of the property right to Sequel of the Unification of Physics, so they refused to publish the book. However, I didn’t agree with them. Since I typed my papers in Shenyang City, some people wanted to cooperate with me, but I refused to share my achievements with others.
Both The Unification of Physics and Sequel of the Unification of Physics assumed great pressures. When I signed the contract of Sequel of the Unification of Physics in China Meteorology Press, someone told me that its name should be changed into Extension of Physics. In this way, the name seems to be an extension of the existent physical basis. Some people who don’t know the details may think like that. Finally, I had to change the name. Sequel of the Unification of Physics was completely constructed on the basis of the Unification of Physics, i.e. my creative matter weak-field. If my achievements were confused with existent achievements before their print, and even the “author” was confused with “penman”, so as to avoid the pressure from the dominators, then their confusion could not be furthered when the book has been published. Changing the name was not my will, but I had to do like that. Others don’t know that some people still want to deny and close this book even after the book was published, but the war finally vanished after a long period. And I myself mailed Sequel of the Unification of Physics to related units, embassies in China, and U.N. organizations.
I state again, that the issued date of The Unification of Physics (complete papers) shall be April, 1998; and the issued date of Sequel of the Unification of Physics shall be June, 2000.
    I state again, The Unification of Physics and Sequel of the Unification of Physics are my individual achievements; I have no jobs, and degrees. The related rights to issue and explain the books belong to myself.
I welcome related presses republish The Unification of Physics and Sequel of the Unification of Physics (Chinese or English versions). I welcome any country, district and publishing organization to set up related research institutes and to publish related publications for The Unification of Physics, Unification i.e. Super-molecule Chemical Physics, Matter Weak Field (Discussion of Field), Morphological Economics and Theory of Micro-vibration (Morphological Psychology).

                                                          Wenli Li
                                                          August 1, 2002

The Unification of Physics (Chinese), Wenli Li, Meteorology Press, Beijing, June, 1999
Extension of the Unification of Physics (Chinese), Wenli Li, Ocean Press, Beijing, September, 2001

THE UNIFICATION OF PHYSICS WENLI LI HongKong Tranfor Publishing Co., Limited 2001
SEQUEL OF THE UNIFICATION OF PHYSICS WENLI LI HongKong Tranfor Publishing Co., Limited 2001

I am LiWenli, I am in Beijing, I want to go abroad to work for the world, I need to be helped to go abroad.
Phone  8610 89833812  13621299421
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43 Hucheng Guajiatun Haidian Beijing China   100091
friendliwenli@hotmail.com,  daweli@msn.com,  friendlwl@sina.com.cn
http://267696852.home.icq.com/
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http://295220039.home.icq.com
http://www.freewebs.com/winstonlee

Without me reading this because it is such a long post, can you tell me what this is about?

Presumably, if you want to know what it's about, you should read it.  I would prefer, though, that you not post so that it can wend its way down to its waiting grave at the bottom of the page.


Euler
calculus
integration
number theory
algebra proposed
algebra

Till date as far as my info goes, $e$ and $\pi$ are the only transcendental numbers known. The next most popular mathematical constamt is surely $\gamma$ (The Euler-Macheroni constant) . I have some questions:-

1) Can it be proved that all transcendental numbers are irrational?
2) What are the representations of $e$ and $\pi$ in the most well known(and simple) continued fractions( i'd be obliged if you can explain how the varoins numbers in the conyined fraction appear and what rule they follow), integrals and infinite sums.
3) $\gamma$ - is it irrational? I think it hasn't been proved.disproved transcendental as yet.
4) Where can I find proof for 'transcendentality of $e$ and $\pi$ ?

Are there any more known transcendentals???

[b]Please also recommend the best books covering transcendental number thoery and related fields. Since I think most of the theory of transcendentals requires algebraic(analytic) number thory, please suggest the best ( to learn for beginners as well as most comprehensive in terms of material covered) books on analytic number theory[/b]

1) If a number is rational then it is algebraic, thus not transcendental
3) It is unknown if $\gamma$ is irrational.
4) Transcendality of $e$ has been proved by Hermite in 1872 (if I ain't wrong) then Lindemman (1882) "reused" his proof to prove the transcendality of $\pi$. I can post the proof of Hermite, if you want (it takes 2 page).

(P.S: $e$ and $\pi$ are not the sole known transcendal numbers there is a plenty of them just look at the Liouville numbers http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LiouvillesConstant.html , for exemple, BTW we have theorems/criterions that allows us to judge wheter a number is transcendental, so we "know" infinitely many of them (but not every of course:))

"It is not known if this constant is irrational, let alone transcendental (Wells 1986, p. 28). The famous English mathematician G. H. Hardy  is alleged to have offered to give up his chair at Oxford to anyone who proved  to be irrational (Havil 2003, p. 52), although no written reference for this quote seems to be known. Hilbert mentioned the irrationality of $\gamma$ as an unsolved problem that seems "unapproachable" and in front of which mathematicians stand helpless (Havil 2003, p. 97). Conway and Guy (1996) are "prepared to bet that it is transcendental," although they do not expect a proof to be achieved within their lifetimes. If $\gamma$ is a simple fraction $\frac{a}{b}$, then it is known that $b>10^{1000}$ (Brent 1977; Wells 1986, p. 28), which was subsequently improved by T. Papanikolaou to $b>10^{242080}$ (Havil 2003, p. 97)."

CAn you plz post the proof, cyberjoe. probably as a .doc or pdf???

Algebraic and analytic number theory are completely different things.  For the first one, you need to know a decent amount of abstract algebra, say, at a first year graduate level.  For the second one, you need to know complex analysis.  You also need a strong background in elementary number theory for both.

You should probably try to have a grasp of some of these things before you tackle much, much harder problems.  (by the way, this applies to many of your posts - we can answer a lot of your questions for you, but incessantly asking questions where the machinery necessary to solve them is well beyond your level doesn't do you much good.

Thanks for clarfiying things! But what is related and required for transcendental numbers??? ( Don't worry about higher-than-my-level stuff. I can handle it!)

I have found aproof for the transcendence of $e$ and $\pi$ . Although, I don't understand which 'special property ' of say $e$ is being used in the proof. Can you plz explain the catch point? Also, is there a proof of these transcendence propeties based on continued fractions/integrals/infinite sums of $e$ and $\pi$

ALso, is there any connection (with proof) between algebraic numbers and continued fractions:-

Any ideas about my queries on the above proof?????

It is quite easy to contstruct transcendental nos.\

Bomb

Can you elaborate what you are trying to say!!!

A lot more transcendentals can be archieved by the following special case of the theorem of Lindemann-Weierstrass:
if $a$ is any algebraic number $\neq 0$, then $e^a$ is transcendental.

The special property that is used to show the full theorem (and thus transcendence of $e$ and $\pi$) is the analytical property of $e$, especially of the exponential function.

Can you please illustrate how the proof I have posted above(as a pdf) makes use of some 'special' property of transcendentals??? I haven't been able to catch the trick!


[i]This is a variation of another problem that I posed here and solution was given by L.Euler.  I prefare this wording ,because it looks more familiar.Please try  for simple solutions , if possible.[/i]

[b] Problem[/b]

Let a right triangle  $ ABC$  with $ \angle A \equal{} 90$  and  $ D$  a point on side  $ AC$. Let  $ E$  be  the symmetric of $ A$ with respect to  line  $ BD$  .Line $ ED$ meets $ BC$ at $ K$ and line $ AK$ meets $ EC$ at $ F$. Prove that $ DF$ is perpendicular to $ BC$.

 Babis

This solution is dedicated to mr Babis  :)

Let DF meets AE at S .(For the other letters see the picture)

We have that (S,E,N,A)=-1 and M is the midpoint of AE so by Newton's relation $ MA^2\equal{}MN\cdot MS$  (1)

But at the right-angled triangle BAD , AM is the altitude from A so $ AM^2\equal{}BM\cdot MD$ (2)  so  (1)=(2) and

$ BM\cdot MD\equal{}MN\cdot MS$ so $ \frac{BM}{MN}\equal{}\frac{MS}{MD}$ so the triangles BMN and SMD are similar so

$ \angle{BNA}\equal{}\angle{BDQ}$ so MNQD is cyclic and we are done  :D

[quote="silouan"]This solution is dedicated to mr Babis  :)

Let DF meets AE at S .(For the other letters see the picture)

We have that (S,E,N,A)=-1 and M is the midpoint of AE so by Newton's relation $ MA^2 \equal{} MN\cdot MS$  (1)

But at the right-angled triangle BAD , AM is the altitude from A so $ AM^2 \equal{} BM\cdot MD$ (2)  so  (1)=(2) and

$ BM\cdot MD \equal{} MN\cdot MS$ so $ \frac {BM}{MN} \equal{} \frac {MS}{MD}$ so the triangles BMN and SMD are similar so

$ \angle{BNA} \equal{} \angle{BDQ}$ so MNQD is cyclic and we are done  :D[/quote]

[b]Very nice ! [/b]

 I wish you good luck at the greek national mathematical olympiad on Saturday , Febr  23 , 2008 in Athens , being sure that you will have a gold medal :lol:

[u] babis[/u]


Which is your favorite STAR WARS movie? I haven't seen the 3rd one but the 1st and 2nd ones weren't as good so I like the other three.

I like the 3rd and 6th best, but I put the 6th.

i agree. they were the most important episodes in my opinion for the saga in terms of plot.

I like 3 best, lots of action :) and Yoda

Either 3 or 6.  6 was just good overall.  3 had lots of action and lots of fighting though.  :D

Beastly topic indeed.

Ah, 6 was definitely the best. Although, 5 pulls in close. A good bit of the storyline was in 5. *sigh*

five is yayness...
but yeah action is 3...

:o wow lots of people voted 6 i was expecting 3 and 4 to come out strong

i think Endor and Hoth were probably the best settings. they were very similar to Earth, giving those episodes a more "terrestrial" approach.

I've never cared to see it (I know it's a dumb answer)  :blush: I don't really liek scifi and isnt starwars scifi?

Episode VI was the best... but Episode III was decent also

i like the trilogy
even though the graphics are horrible, the plot is good

STAR WARS ep. I was awesome cause of darth maul.  :bruce:

I like the first because it had the best light saber battle.

[quote="Super Naterul"][quote="CLee"]Hard choice.  For me it's a toss-up between RotJ and RotS, with TESB not far behind.  But I'm more a fan of Luke/Leia/Han, so I put RotJ.  Not to influence anyone, but...

[hide]
Worldwide:
Episode I - #5
Episode III - #11 - and still playing!
Episode IV - #18
Episode II - #23
Episode V - #32
Episode VI - #45

However, if you adjust for inflation... and US-only...
Episode IV - #2
Episode V - #12
Episode VI - #14
Episode I - #19
Episode III - #55 - but again, still playing
Episode II - #81

Finally, US-only:
Episode IV - #2
Episode I - #5
Episode III - #7
Episode II - #18
Episode VI - #19
Episode V - #23
[/hide]

Interesting, although I find it strange we like Episode VI so much and IV so little.  Invariably, IV is ranking consistently near the top and VI near the bottom - for Star Wars, that is.  I felt IV was just too slow, which is understandable.  So why do people rewatch it so much?  Because it's the first one?  I suppose we AoPSers don't like the one without a great lightsaber fight.  All the other episodes had a major fight (that was good, that is).[/quote]

What????[/quote]

What was confusing?  RotJ is Return of the Jedi, TESB is The Empire Strikes Back, etc...  That help, or was it something else?


Let $ \left(a_{n}\right)$ be the sequence of reals defined by $ a_{1}=\frac{1}{4}$ and the recurrence $ a_{n}= \frac{1}{4}(1+a_{n-1})^{2}, n\geq 2$. Find the minimum real $ \lambda$ such that for any non-negative reals $ x_{1},x_{2},\dots,x_{2002}$, it holds
\[ \sum_{k=1}^{2002}A_{k}\leq \lambda a_{2002}, \]
where $  A_{k}= \frac{x_{k}-k}{(x_{k}+\cdots+x_{2002}+\frac{k(k-1)}{2}+1)^{2}}, k\geq 1$.

Does somebody has solution to this Chinese problem?

We start by cleaning some scariness from the problem. Let $t=2002$. For $k=1,2,\dots,t$, set
$$y_k=x_k+x_{k+1}+\dots+x_t+\frac{k(k-1)}2+1,$$
moreover define $L:=y_{t+1}:=\frac{(t+1)t}2+1$. Then since $\frac{k(k-1)}2-\frac{k(k+1)}2=-k$, we have $y_k-y_{k+1}=x_k-k$ for each $1\le k\le t$. Hence, the sum we want to maximize is
$$S:=\sum_{k=1}^{2002}A_k=\sum_{k=1}^{2002} \frac{y_k-y_{k+1}}{y_k^2}.$$
We will solve the problem when the $y_k$ are arbitrary positive reals, and leave it for later to settle the nitpickiness of whether the $x_k$'s yielding the maximum are positive or not.

[b]Lemma 1.[/b] The inequality $\frac{ax-b}{x^2}\le \frac{a^2}{4}\cdot \frac1{b}$ is true $\forall x\in\mathbb{R}\setminus\{0\}$ and equality holds exactly when $x=\frac{2b}{a}$, where $a,b>0$.

[i]Proof.[/i] Multiplying by $4bx^2>0$, we need $4abx-4b^2\le a^2x^2$, i.e. $(ax-2b)^2\ge 0$. $\blacksquare$
(We derived this inequality by setting $X=\frac 1x$, as it becomes a quadratic maximization problem.)

[b]Lemma 2.[/b] Define the sequence $b_1=0$, and $b_n=\frac14(1+b_{n-1})^2$, $n\ge 2$. Then we have
$$\frac{b_k}{y_k}+\frac{y_k-y_{k+1}}{y_k^2}\le \frac{b_{k+1}}{y_{k+1}}$$
for all $1\le k\le n$.

[i]Proof.[/i] Employing Lemma 1, we find that
$$\frac{b_k}{y_k}+\frac{y_k-y_{k+1}}{y_k^2}=\frac{(b_k+1)y_k-y_{k+1}}{y_k^2}\le $$
$$\le \frac{(b_k+1)^2}{4}\cdot \frac1{y_{k+1}}=\frac{b_{k+1}}{y_{k+1}}.\quad \blacksquare$$

Now, adding these inequalities for $k=1,2,\dots,t$ gives us
$$0\ge \sum_{k=1}^t \left(\frac{b_k}{y_k}+\frac{y_k-y_{k+1}}{y_k^2}- \frac{b_{k+1}}{y_{k+1}}\right)=S-\frac{b_{t+1}}{y_{t+1}},$$
so $S\le \frac{b_{t+1}}{L}$.

First, let's check if this maximum can be attained with non-negative real $x_k$. Equality holds if and only if $y_k=\frac{2y_{k+1}}{b_k+1}$ for $k=1,2,\dots,t$ (where $y_{t+1}=L>0$) - this determines the $y_k$'s starting from $y_{t+1}$ down to $y_1$. So clearly, all the $y_k$ are positive. Our goal is to show that $x_k=(y_k-y_{k+1})+k\ge 0$. However, trivial induction shows that $0\le b_n\le 1$ for all $n\ge 1$ (they are all $\ge 0$, and so $b_n\le 1$ implies $b_{n+1}=\frac14(1+b_n)^2\le \frac14(1+1)^2=1$). This means that $y_k=\frac2{b_k+1}y_{k+1}\ge y_{k+1}$, so we'll definitely have $x_k\ge 0$.

Now let's notice that $b_2=\frac14$, and so $b_{n+1}=a_n$. Therefore $\max S=\frac{b_{t+1}}{L}=\frac1L a_t$, and the constant we seek is

$$\lambda=\frac1{\frac{2003\cdot 2002}2+1}=\frac1{2005004}.$$

We claim more generally that $\lambda=\frac{1}{B(B+1)+1}$. We have: $$\sum_{k=1}^{B}{\frac{x_{k}-k}{(x_{k}+\dots+x_{B}+\frac{k(k-1)}{2}+1)^2}}\leq \frac{a_B}{B(B+1)+1}$$ We notice this becomes much simpler if we shift $x_i\mapsto i+y_i,-i\leq y_i$. The summation becomes: $$\sum_{k=1}^{B}{\frac{y_k}{(y_{k}+\dots+y_{B}+\frac{B(B+1)}{2}+1)^2}}\leq \frac{a_B}{B(B+1)+1}$$ Now for $1\leq i\leq k-1$ map $y_i\mapsto (\frac{y_B+\frac{B(B+1)}{2}+1}{\frac{B(B-1)}{2}+1})z_i$ noticing $-i\leq z_i$: We have: $$\frac{\frac{B(B-1)}{2}+1}{y_B+\frac{B(B+1)}{2}+1}\sum_{k=1}^{B-1}{\frac{z_k}{(z_{k}+\dots+z_{B-1}+\frac{B(B-1)}{2}+1)^2}}+\frac{y_B}{(y_B+\frac{B(B+1)}{2}+1)^2}\leq \frac{a_B}{B(B+1)+1}$$ Now applying induction with the trivial base case $B=1$: $$\frac{a_{B-1}}{y_B+\frac{B(B+1)}{2}+1}+\frac{y_B}{(y_B+\frac{B(B+1)}{2}+1)^2}\leq \frac{a_B}{B(B+1)+1}$$ Taking the derivative and doing the maximum test on $[-B,\infty)$ we get that the LHS is maximized when $y_B=\frac{(\frac{B(B+1)}{2}+1)(1-a_{B-1}}{1+a_{B-1}}$ yielding: $$\frac{\frac{1}{4}(1+a_{B-1})^2}{B(B+1)+1}\leq \frac{a_B}{B(B+1)+1}$$ It is also clear that the inequality is sharp finishing the question.


geometry
3D geometry
tetrahedron
perpendicular bisector

uh how about this

ABCD is a tetrahedron with AB=CD, AD=BC, M and N are midpoints of AC and BD. Show that MN is the perpendicular bisector of both AC and BD

(source: Weeks, Adkins - A Course in Geometry)

ok, get them thinking, but since when is a "show" a Nats type problem????  :lol:

So you want to give the Nats people practice?  I will give them a question as soon as I think of one.

Not terribly hard...
[hide]
$ \bigtriangleup ABD \cong \bigtriangleup CDB$ by SSS.
The medians of these triangles are thus also congruent, so $ AN \equal{} CN$, and $ \bigtriangleup ANC$ is isosceles.
The median from the vertex of an isosceles triangle is perpendicular to the opposite side, so $ NM$ is the perpendicular bisector of AC.

Similarly, we can use $ \bigtriangleup ADC \cong \bigtriangleup CBA$ to show that $ MN$ is the perpendicular bisector of $ BD$.
QED [/hide]

Meh.
A certain person has 5 files to file during the day, his boss gives them to him in this order during certain times of the day, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Whenever that person has time, he takes the file on top of the stack and finishes it. After the morning, this person tells his boss that he already did file 4, but did not say anything else. How many different ways could the certain person do his files after the morning?

[quote="alkjash"]I guess if it was stacked 1-2-3-4-5 with 5 on the bottom it would be trivial...
So it must be  that 1,2,3 are left so 6 ways.
Unless he did half of one and then a third of another or something...[/quote]
What if he didn't do 5 yet, because his boss didn't give 5 to him yet?

Who cares

Find the number of nonsimilar triangles with angle measures that are positive integers(in degrees of course...)

Oh, didn't read right.
This is like a simplified version of a really messed up problem.
And it's still pretty messed up.
Let me think about it...

It basically means that if had done 4, then his boss already gave him 1, 2, and 3, but you don't know if his boss gave him 5 or not and you don't know if he did 1, 2, 3, or not.
Its a simplified version of another problem.

Yea, it was like a tennis player signing 12 rackets or something.
Took forever.

Nah, I based this on the one with the secretary and the 10 papers, except he said that he had done 8.
I just cut it in half because yeah, it would take too long otherwise.

[hide="hint"]Faites un recursion.[/hide]Is that a cognate? I didn't feel like looking it up.

Eh, just to let you guys know, the 10 paper secretary one was #15 on an AIME.

here's a mandelbrot

triangle ABC has AB=15, AC=14, BC=13, find the radius of circle through A,B tangent to AC

and another problem that's pretty good

$ \tau(n) \equal{} 0$ if the highest power of 2 dividing $ n$ is odd, $ \tau(n) \equal{} 1$ if it is even. Find $ \displaystyle\sum_{n \equal{} 1}^{\infty}\dfrac{\tau(n)}{n^{2}}$.

also saml's problem is kinda caseworky as far as i know

you be like...a+b+c=180, a=b=c so uh yeah 1
then uh let's say exactly 2 are equal so uh 2a+b=180 and yeah
then uh let's say they're all diff a+b+c=180 but subtract the first case and 3 times the second from whatever you get from balls and urns and divide by 6 to kill the permutations