I propose the following definition of "science": Science is the
formalization of discovery. All knowledge is ability, be it
mathematical, empirical, kinesthetic, or what have you.
Discovery is the attainment of new abilities. Discovering that
something is the case is not essentially different from
discovering how to do something. Science, as the formalization
of discovery, is the formalization of methods and principles
which produce new abilities. Any method may be considered
science, so long as it produces new abilities in a formally
definable way. And any abilities may be considered scientific,
in so far as they are defined with respect to some formal method
of discovery. (We can have grey areas here. We don't have to
decide ahead of time how formal is formal enough.) Math, the
empirical sciences (physics, chemistry, etc.), and philosophy
(which includes logic) are focused on different sets of tools,
all of which are required for the formalization of new
knowledge. They are thus all a part of science. We do