After James II's Ouster When William III and Mary II ascended
the throne after the flight of James II to France, strong Stuart
partisans remained to offer rebellion. However, the death (1689)
of John Graham, Viscount Dundee, at Killiecrankie ended armed
resistance in Scotland, and William III quashed Jacobite hopes
in Ireland by his victory over James's forces at the battle of
the Boyne (1690). Thereafter the exiled English court in France
became a center of intrigue for men like Henry St. John,
Viscount Bolingbroke, and others like him who were out of favor
in London. At home many Roman Catholics, high churchmen, and
extreme Tories adhered to the Stuart cause. Sections in this
article: The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright
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