A V12 engine often just called a V12 is an internal combustion
engine with 12 cylinders. The engine has six cylinders on each
side called banks. The two banks form a "V" shaped angle. In
most engines, the two banks are at a 60° angle to each other.
All twelve pistons turn a common crankshaft. It can be powered
by different types of fuels, including gasoline, diesel and
natural gas. Each cylinder bank is basically a straight-6. This
set-up has perfect balance no matter which V angle is used. A
V12 engine does not need balance shafts. A V12 angled at 45°,
60°, 120°, or 180° from each other has even firing and is
smoother than a straight-6. This provides a smooth running
engine for a luxury car. In a racing car, the engine can be made
much lighter. This makes the engine more responsive and
smoother. In a large heavy-duty engine, a V12 can run slower,
and prolonging engine life. The Rolls-Royce Merlin V12 powered
the Hawker Hurricane and Supermarine Spitfire fighters that
played a vital role in Britain's victory