The original superconductor was invented in 1911 by Dutch
physicist, Heike Kammerlingh Onnes, when these superconductors
are cooled, they act as a perfect conductors with no resistance.
Onnes experimented with mercury, tin, and lead. Meissner
EffectIn 1933, Walther Meissner and R. Ochsenfeld discovered
that superconductors are more than a perfect conductor of
electricity, they also have an interesting magnetic property of
excluding a magnetic field (Meissner Effect). A superconductor
will not allow a magnetic field to penetrate its interior. It
causes currents to flow that generate a magnetic field inside
the superconductor that just balances the field that would have
otherwise penetrated the material. Mysteries of Superconductors
- BCS TheoryIn 1957, scientists began to unlock the mysteries of
superconductors. Three American physicists at the University of
Illinois, John Bardeen, Leon Cooper, and Robert Schrieffer,
developed a model that has since stood as a good example of why
superconductors behave as they