In medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is
the process by which drugs are discovered and/or designed. In
the past most drugs have been discovered either by identifying
the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by
serendipitous discovery. A new approach has been to understand
how disease and infection are controlled at the molecular and
physiological level and to target specific entities based on
this knowledge. The process of drug discovery involves the
identification of candidates, synthesis, characterization,
screening, and assays for therapeutic efficacy. Once a compound
has shown its value in these tests, it will begin the process of
drug development prior to clinical trials. For more information
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