The SPICE (simulation program, integrated circuit emphesis)
electronic simulation program provides circuit elements and
models for semiconductors. The SPICE element names begin with d,
q, j, or m correspond to diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET elements,
respectively. These elements are accompanied by corresponding
“models” These models have extensive lists of parameters
describing the device. Though, we do not list them here. In this
section we provide a very brief listing of simple spice models
for semiconductors, just enough to get started. For more details
on models and an extensive list of model parameters see
Kuphaldt. [TRK] This reference also gives instructions on using
SPICE. Diode: The diode statement begins with a diode element
name which must begin with “d” plus optional characters. Some
example diode element names include: d1, d2, dtest, da, db,
d101, etc. Two node numbers specify the connection of the anode
and cathode, respectively, to other components. The node numbers
are followed by a model name, r