Lowercase letters are smaller than capital (or uppercase)
letters and are differently configured (eg, a, A). The term
lowercase originates from the earlier use of manually set wooden
or metal characters that were kept by compositors in 2 cases;
the lower case contained the smaller letters and the upper case
contained the larger capital letters.1 Sentences are typically
set with the initial letter of the first word of a sentence as a
capital letter and all other letters lowercase. In titles, the
initial letter of each major word is set as a capital letter and
all other letters are lowercase. Some publications use sentence-
style lowercase for titles, with only the initial letter of the
first word being a capital. JAMA and the Archives Journals use a
more traditional mix of initial uppercase and lowercase letters
for titles (see also 10.2, Capitalization, Titles and Headings).
Heterogeneity in Incidence Rates of Schizophrenia and Other
Psychotic Syndromes Depressive Symptoms, Vascular Disease, and
Mild Cognitive