The esophagus is the tube that runs from the mouth to the
stomach. Food passes down this tube to the stomach. Esophageal
cancer is the growth of cancer cells in this tube. Cancer occurs
when cells in the body divide out of control. If cells keep
dividing, a mass of tissue forms. These are called growths or
tumors. If the tumor is malignant, it is cancer. They can invade
nearby tissue and spread to other parts of the body. There are
two main types of esophageal cancer: - Squamous cell cancer—from
the cells that line the upper part of the esophagus -
Adenocarcinoma—from cells that where the esophagus meets the
stomach Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc. The doctor will
ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam
will be done. Tests may include: Chest x-ray—an x-ray of the
chest area Upper gastrointestinal (GI) series—a series of x-rays
of the esophagus and stomach taken after drinking a special
solution - Esophagoscopy—examination of the esophagus using a
lighted scope Biopsy—removal of a s