During the summer of 1889, seeking to improve his technique and
knowledge in the field of hypnosis, Freud made a few weeks' stay
in the service of Bernheim, in Nancy. This voyage will mark a
significant point in the evolution of Freudian thinking, making
it possible for Freud to take a retreat from the Charcot's
design, who considered hypnosis a morbid condition, artificially
induced, taking advantage of hysterical subjects' particular
organic components. On the contrary, Bernheim saw hypnotic
phenomena as a manifestation of human suggestibility likely to
be mobilized in any person. This design opens the way to the
concept of transfer, which was to emerge later. Hippolythe
Bernheim's (1840-1919) origin lies in the Mulhouse area, where
he made his medical studies. Since the start of the 1870 war,
Bernheim had settled in Nancy where he practised as an
internist. He was intrigued by Doctor Liebeault's reputation, a
doctor who worked in the city, who initiated him into hypnosis.
Little by little, Bernheim became