The term concerto (plural is concerti or concertos) usually
refers to a musical work in which one solo instrument is
accompanied by an orchestra. The concerto, as understood in this
modern way, arose in the Baroque period side by side with the
concerto grosso, which contrasted a small group of instruments
with the rest of the orchestra. While the concerto grosso is
confined to the Baroque period, the solo concerto has continued
as a vital musical force to this day. This article will
concentrate on the development of the solo concerto. The
etymology of the word "concerto" is somewhat problematic, as the
Italian concertare can mean “to contend, dispute,” but it also
has the contrary meaning of “to agree.” The idea of two opposing
forces is inherent in the use of the term. From a sociological
viewpoint, the concerto represented the advance of individualism
with its emphasis on the solo performer being apart from the
accompanying ensemble. Instrumental soloists would be afforded
the opportunity within the concert