- Philip Crume - Cleveland, OH - United States Two grand
archetypes of democratic leadership The foundation of modern
democracy was poured in 1215 CE when the people of England took
some power back from King John. They told him that he no longer
held absolute rule, that he had to listen to the advice of a
body of representatives who held the sole power to levy taxes,
and that certain rights were to be recognized. The result was
the Magna Carta and the birth of the English Parliament. The
Parliamentary monarchy enabled England to defend herself from
multiple invasions and build an economy robust enough to send
colonies to the New World. By 1649 King Charles I violated the
Magna Carta in every form, even placing guards to prevent the
convening of Parliament. The result the English Civil War, the
king's execution, and the formation of the English Commonwealth.
The English Commonwealth was lead by Oliver Cromwell. However
his behavior had become increasingly autocratic to the point
where he was virtually indistin