THE LANGUAGE OF SUPERCONDUCTOR PHYSICS The theoretical
understanding of the phenomena of superconductivity is extremely
involved. It is far beyond the scope of this guide to attempt to
delve into that subject. However, in this short section, we have
emphasized some of the fundamental terms and phenomena that will
make it possible for you to conduct the experiments suggested
with our Kits. Superconductors have the ability to carry an
electrical current without loss of energy. Unlike normal
conductors of electricity in which the current is carried by
individual electrons, in superconductors the current is carried
by pairs of electrons called Cooper Pairs, in honor of one of
the formulators of the famous `BCS' theory of superconductivity.
When the electrons move through a solid in Cooper Pairs, they
are impervious to the energy absorbing interactions that normal
electrons suffer. To form Cooper Pairs, a superconductor must
operate below a certain temperature called the Critical
Temperature, or Tc. Superconductor