In literature and writing, a figure of speech (also called
stylistic device or rhetorical device) is the use of any of a
variety of techniques to give an auxiliary meaning, idea, or
feeling. Sometimes a word diverges from its normal meaning, or a
phrase has a specialized meaning not based on the literal
meaning of the words in it. Examples are metaphor, simile, or
personification. Stylistic devices often provide emphasis,
freshness of expression, or clarity. Here is a list of some of
the most important figures of speech: