The Pueblo people are a Native American people in the
Southwestern United States. Their traditional economy is based
on agriculture and trade. When first encountered by the Spanish
in the 16th century, they were living in villages that the
Spanish called pueblos, meaning "towns". Of the 21 Pueblos that
exist today, Taos, Acoma, Zuni, and Hopi are the best-known. The
main Pueblos are located primarily in New Mexico and Arizona.
While there are numerous subdivisions of Pueblo People that have
been published in the literature, Kirchhoff (1954) published a
subdivision of the Pueblo People into two subareas: the group
that includes Hopi, Zuñi, Keres, Jemez which share exogamous
matrilineal clans, have multiple kivas, believe in emergence of
people from the underground, have four or six directions
beginning in the north, and have four and seven as ritual
numbers. This group stands in contrast to the Tanoan-speaking
Pueblos (other than Jemez) who have nonexogamous patrilineal
clans, two kivas or two groups of kivas