Holocaust in Estonia Applying the German anti-Jewish policy
during World War II in occupied Estonia was divided into three
separate parts. The first part involved the actions, led by the
German Security Police (Jupo) and SD, to arrest and execute
local Jews in Estonia. The second part involved camps in the
occupied territory, where Jews were brought from other parts of
Europe, i.e. labour and educational camps and, the third part
involved the Vaivara complex of concentration camps. About 4400
Jews lived in Estonia before World War II. In June 1941, the
Soviet authorities deported about 400 Jews to Russia. After the
war broke out between Germany and the Soviet Union, about 3000
Jews left Estonia with the Red Army. The 1000 Jews who remained
in Estonia were arrested by the German occupying powers at the
end of 1941. In most cases, the Estonian policemen conducted
formal investigations designed to show that the persecution was
legal. By early 1942, the Jews had all been secretly murdered
and the Wannsee Conferen