Glossitis is a condition in which the tongue is swollen and
changes color. Finger-like projections on the surface of the
tongue (called papillae) are lost, causing the tongue to appear
smooth. See also: Geographic tongue Tongue inflammation; Tongue
infection; Smooth tongue; Glossodynia; Burning tongue syndrome
Causes, incidence, and risk factors Changes in the appearance of
the tongue may be a primary condition (not due to another
disease or event), or it may be a symptom of other disorders (a
secondary condition). - Bacterial or viral infections (including
oral herpes simplex) - Mechanical irritation or injury from
burns, rough edges of teeth or dental appliances, or other
trauma - Exposure to irritants such as tobacco, alcohol, hot
foods, or spices - Allergic reaction to toothpaste, mouthwash,
breath fresheners, dyes in candy, plastic in dentures or
retainers, or certain blood pressure medications (ACE
inhibitors) - Disorders such as iron deficiency anemia,
pernicious anemia and other B-vitamin deficiencies