The Indus River is one of the major rivers of the world that
drains one of Asia's chief catchment basins, and is the locus of
some of the earliest known human civilizations. Source: World
Wildlife Fund The Satluj River, the eastern most tributary of
the Indus River, as it passess through the state of Himachal
Pradesh in India shortly after it crosses the border from China.
Source: Sanyam Bahga The Indus Basin measures 399.000 square
kilometers, ranked as the twelfth largest river basin on Earth.
Flow of the perennial Indus is dominated by: (a) meltwaters from
the Tibetan ice field, the third largest ice sheet formation in
the world; (b) snowfall and snowmelt from higher elevation of
the watershed; and (c) episodic monsoonal rains that lead to
periodic flooding in the basin. The Indus River supplies
essential ingredients for human life for many urban areas
including the Pakistani cities of Islamabad, Lahore, Peshawar
and Karachi. This freshwater supply has been in long term
decline for decades due to the human