Inflammation is a broad term for what happens in the body when
the immune system is activated to counter a threat. A healthy
immune response is key to good health, but ongoing immune
activation and inflammation due to a persistent threat such as
chronic HIV infection can lead to many different problems
throughout the body. Among people with HIV, combination
antiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically reduced the risk
of AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses (OIs) and mortality
directly related to immune suppression. But as HIV positive
people survive longer, they are at increased risk for a variety
of non-AIDS conditions even when their CD4 cell counts are high.
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