The most important crop for the Inca, as well as the Maya, was
and still is maize — corn. Corn was used in ceremony, offered to
the Apus — the mountain Gods — and planted during sacred rituals
timed with the motions of the stars. We have even found corn
carved in gold in underground tunnels in Peru, showing how the
Inca worshipped this food. Researchers say corn was used in
ceremonies in Ayacucho four thousand years ago. The first
mention of corn is found in the writings of Pedro Martir de
Angleria in 1492. The Spaniards said the bread of the Inca was
maize or corn. It also was their wine. They brewed corn and made
a drink known today as azua or chicha, similar to beer. Chicha
comes in both purple and white versions, both quite powerful.
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