CBCSE’s mission is to improve the efficiency with which public
and private resources are employed in education. We conduct
research to determine the costs of educational programs as well
as the economic value of program impacts in order to encourage
educators, evaluators and policymakers to consider these factors
in conjunction with program effectiveness in addressing
educational goals. By considering both costs and effectiveness
or benefits of educational programs, policymakers can optimize
resource allocation and enhance productivity in education. In
1970 Henry Levin published the first article applying the
economic principles of cost-effectiveness analysis to education
decision-making in a study addressing teacher recruitment and
retention. In 1975 Levin detailed the “ingredients method” for
determining costs of educational interventions, which begins
with the identification of all resources required to implement a
program. Since then this method has been further developed and
applied in numerous cost-bene