|Classification and external resources| Boxers receive many
blows involving rotational force, which is implicated in
concussion. Repeat concussions can lead to dementia pugilistica.
Dementia pugilistica (DP) is a neurodegenerative disease or
dementia that may affect amateur or professional boxers as well
as athletes in other sports who suffer concussions. A variant of
chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) it is also called chronic
boxer's encephalopathy, traumatic boxer’s encephalopathy,
boxer's dementia, chronic traumatic brain injury associated with
boxing (CTBI-B), and punch-drunk syndrome. Symptoms and signs of
DP develop progressively over a long latent period sometimes
amounting to decades, with the average time of onset being about
12 to 16 years after the start of a career in boxing. The
condition is thought to affect around 15% to 20% of professional
boxers. The condition is caused by repeated concussive and sub-
concussive blows (blows that are below the threshold of force
necessary to cause concuss