are numerous ceremonies in Bali, some of which are private, some
public. Some are described throughout the book. To attend you
must wear Balinese dress: see the article entitled Balinese
Dress and Textiles. It is unnecessary for tourists to be
formally dressed: a sarong, sash and covered arms are five
different categories of ceremonies, the panca yadnya. There are
rituals for: gods (dewa yadnya) example would be a temple
anniversary, odalan. higher spirits (pitra yadnya) This includes
the ancestors before they have been deified, such as cremation
or Ngaben. The consecration of priests and priestesses Humans
(manusa yadnya) These are rites of passage ceremonies from
conception to just before death, such as pre-natal rites, birth
ceremonies, the 12 day, 42 day and three months' old baby
ceremonies, tooth-filing, Evil spirits (bhuta yadnya) means
element; kala, another word for demon, means time or energy.
Demons are personifications of forces derived from the five
elements and bring misfortune to man. The purpo