The Philosopher's Stone was an alchemical substance that could
turn base metals into gold or silver. The stone could come in
two varieties, white and red. The white stone was used to turn
metals into silver, whereas the red could turn the metals into
gold. It was also capable of creating the Panacea. Giovanni
Borgia accidentally discovered the formula for the Philosopher's
Stone when he read the pages of the mystical Book of Abraham,
one of the journals of Nicolas Flamel. After Giovanni wrote it
down, Bombastus used the notes to create the substance.