Kābul RiverArticle Free Pass Kābul River, Ancient Greek Kophes,
river in eastern Afghanistan and northwestern Pakistan, 435
miles (700 km) long, of which 350 miles (560 km) are in
Afghanistan. Rising in the Sanglākh Range 45 miles (72 km) west
of Kabul city, it flows east past Kabul and Jalālābād, north of
the Khyber Pass into Pakistan, and past Peshawar; it joins the
Indus River northwest of Islamabad. The river has four major
tributaries—the Lowgar, the Panjshēr, the Konar (Kunar), and the
Alīngār. The Kābul River crosses two major climatic belts. Its
upper reaches have a continental warm-summer climate with a mean
July temperature of about 77 °F (25 °C) and a mean January
temperature below 32 °F (0 °C); annual precipitation there is
less than 20 inches (500 mm), although precipitation is higher
on the mountain slopes around its headwaters. In its lower
reaches in Pakistan, the Kābul River crosses a region with a dry
desert climate, with maximum daily temperatures in early summer
that often exceed 104 °F (4