A well-functioning labor market is dynamic. Workforce
development refers to activities and institutions that enhance
the skills and abilities of workers in order that they may be
productive. In general, workforce development is focused on
individuals, but it may be funded or provided by employers or
the public sector. For incumbent workers, workforce development
comprises skill enhancement or certification that will help
individuals advance in their careers. For the unemployed or
underemployed, workforce development may include skill
development or involvement in labor exchange or job search
assistance activities. The impetus for workforce development
through on-the-job training or work experience may come from
demand-side programs . Tax credits or other subsidies may be
offered to employers to hire or train workers. Such incentives
may be especially effective because they are employer-driven.
Senior Economist Tim Bartik has written extensively on demand
side programs. Employment Service & Public Training The