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| Psychoanalysis was developed in Vienna in the 1890s by Sigmund
Freud, a neurologist interested in finding an effective
treatment for patients with neurotic or hysterical symptoms.
Freud had become aware of the existence of mental processes that
were not conscious as a result of his neurological consulting
job at the Children's Hospital, where he noticed that many
aphasic children had no organic cause for their symptoms. He
wrote a monograph about this subject. In the late 1880s, Freud
obtained a grant to study with Jean-Martin Charcot, the famed
neurologist and syphilologist, at the Salpêtrière in Paris.
Charcot had become interested in patients who had symptoms that
mimicked general paresis, the psychotic illness that occurs due
to tertiary syphilis. Charcot had found that many patients
experienced paralyses, pains, coughs, and a variety of other
symptoms with no demonstrable physical