Education has positive links with economic development as it
raises the productivity of the work force. Beside private rates
of returns, the social returns of education are also high.
Because of the gains to society, education is subsidised in many
countries. Pakistan, where only 2.5 percent of the GDP is spent
on education, provides subsidised education in the form of a
public school system.1 Government pays for the major
expenditures such as construction of infrastructure for
education and salaries to the teaching and related staff.
Household cost is kept low to attract more people to send their
children to schools. Therefore only a nominal tuition fee is
being charged for attending these schools. From the social point
of view these schools are doing a good job in achieving the goal
of universal education. But quality of education is a serious
problem with this school system. In the majority of the cases,
these are crowded with students and most of the time without
adequate number of teaching staff.2 The st