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search engines. OCR for page 61 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL
APPLICATIONS OF MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY: PROCEEDINGS OF THE OCTOBER
5-6, 1999, WORKSHOP Contributions of Marine Biotechnology to
Marsh Oil Spill Restoration Ralph J. Portier INTRODUCTION There
is an estimated 3.2 million tons annual (mta) input of petroleum
hydrocarbons into the world's oceans (NRC 1985). The majority is
in small amounts from chronic sources, 0.7 mta from tanker
operation