The twentieth century, Greeks and Arabs The Orthodox Church of
today exists in two contrasting situations: outside the
communist sphere lie the four ancient Patriarchates and Greece,
under communism are the Slav Churches and Romania. Whereas
communism only impinges upon the periphery of the Roman Catholic
and the Protestant worlds, in the case of the Orthodox Church
the vast majority of its members live in a communist state. At
the present moment there are probably between sixty and ninety
million practicing Orthodox — the number of baptized Orthodox is
considerably higher — and of these more than eighty-five per
cent are in communist countries. Following this obvious line of
division, in this chapter we shall consider the Orthodox
Churches outside the communist bloc, and in the next the
position of Orthodoxy in the "second world." A third chapter is
devoted to the Orthodox "dispersion" in other places, and to
Orthodox missionary activities at the present time. Of the seven
Orthodox Churches not under communi