The nuclear export of cellular mRNAs is mediated by factors
interacting with both the messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) and
the nucleoporins (NUPs) to deliver the mRNAs through the nuclear
pore complex to the cytoplasm. Several viruses interfere with
host mRNA nucleo-cytoplasmic trafficking, eventually leading to
shutoff of host proteins expression. This gives viruses
transcripts a competitive edge for access to the cellular
translation machinery. Preventing the expression of host
proteins is also a strategy to counteract the antiviral
response. For example, VSV matrix protein inhibits mRNA export
by forming a complex with the mRNA export factor Rae1, whereas
the 2A protease of picornaviruses promotes cleavage of host
Nup98, Nup153, Nup62. Viruses inhibiting host mRNA nuclear
export: |Family||Virus||Viral protein||mRNA nuclear export
inhibition strategy||references| |Picornaviridae||Poliovirus
(Enterovirus)||2A protease||Breakdown of nucleoporins|
|Theiler’s virus (Cardiovirus)||Leader protein||Hyperphosphor