creation combines the knowledge of an individual with the
subject matter of a suggestion in a way that makes them
inseparable (Loftus, 1997). One type of false memory creation
that does not involve implanting entirely false memories into an
individual's mind is often termed the misinformation paradigm
which was first used by Elizabeth Loftus (1975) in a study that
examined suggestibility in adults. In the misinformation
paradigm, participants watch a short film depicting an event and
subsequently read an account of the event that happened in the
film. Half of the participants make up a control group that
receive an accurate description of the event, whereas the other
half of the participants, the experimental group, receive an
account of the event that includes some information that was not
present in the film they viewed (i.e., misinformation). Finally,
an information recognition test is given to all participants.
studies have been conducted to examine individual differences in
false memories. One such study