Amer SULEMAN MD, Kazi IMRAN MAJEED MD, Wajahat MIRZA MD, Mahvash
AMER MBBS. Mitral stenosis is a condition in which the mitral
valve leaflets become thickened and the commissures fused along
with thickening and shortening of the chordae tendineae. Mitral
Stenosis is the leading cause of congestive heart failure in
developing countries. Mitral stenosis is almost always the
result of rheumatic fever 1. Isolated involvement of mitral
valve occurs in 25% of cases 2 while an additional 40% case have
combined mitral stenosis and regurgitation 3. The history of
rheumatic fever may or may not be elicited. In patients with
rheumatic fever antibiotic prophylaxis with benzathine
penicillin or penicillin VK has been shown to prevent
recurrence. 4,5. Less common causes include congenital mitral
stenosis 6, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid
arthritis (RA), atrial myxoma, malignant carcinoid 7 and
bacterial endocarditis. (Table 1) CAUSES OF ACQUIRED MITRAL
STENOSIS (Table 1) - Rheumatic Fever - Malignant Sarcoi