ABSTRACT: During a survey conducted in 2005, the open-air site
of Kalavan-2 was discovered located at an altitude of about 1600
m in the mountains dominating the northern bank of Lake Sevan
(Armenia). The site yielded a Paleolithic industry associated
with faunal remains, indicating that this is an important
locality in the study of Armenian prehistory. Excavations at
Kalavan-2 have revealed a stratigraphic sequence with several
phases of occupation attributed to the Middle Paleolithic
period. A radiocarbon date of a fragment of dental enamel from a
large bovid provided an age of 34,200 ± 360 BP for the
Mousterian level 7, con rming the attribution of this deposit to
the nal phase of the Middle Paleolithic and the importance of
this site for the study of the last presence of Neanderthals in
the Southern Caucasus. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology
of Eurasia. 01/2011; 38/4:39-51.