The Space Shuttle Orbiter formally started on January 5, 1972 by
Richard Nixon. The first orbiters were manufactured by Rockwell
International and then later by Boeing. The Space Shuttle
Orbiter was designed to replace the expendable launch vehicles
that NASA was using to deliver commercial, scientific and
applications spacecraft into Earth's orbit. The orbiter's main
engines and boosters combined allows it to reach orbit. The
orbiter is comprised of three primary elements: the first
element, a delta-winged orbiter spacecraft having large crew
compartment, cargo bay and three main engines; second is its two
solid rocket boosters; third is an external fuel tank which
houses the liquid hydrogen and oxidizer burned in the main
engines. The Orbital Maneuvering System (OMS) provides orbital
maneuvers which includes insertion, circularizattion, transfer,
rendezvous, abort to orbit and abort once around. The Reaction
Control System (RCS) provides altitude control and translation
along the pitch, roll and yaw axes du