Preventative measures: According to Melrose (2002), no known
treatments exist to counteract the effects of M. cerebralis in
infected organisms. Those fish that do recover still retain the
physical damage associated with infection. To decrease or
prevent economic losses, various management techniques have and
are being developed for use in fish hatcheries. As young fish
are the most susceptible, management techniques have
traditionally focused on controlling exposure of fry to the
infectious stage of M. cerebralis, which are microscopic spores
called triactinomyxons. Hatcheries have previously done this in
two ways: 1) rear the young fish in well water to prevent
exposure until they are older and more resistant, or 2) use pond
designs that reduce potential habitat for oligochaetes. New
research suggests that exposing water to unltraviolet light can
inactivate triactinomyxons. A dose of 1300 mWs cm-2 ultraviolet
light can inactivate 100% of the triactinomyxon sporoplasm
cells. Sporoplasm is the infective mass o