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Military revolt against the government of Spain. After the 1936
elections produced a Popular Front government supported mainly
by left-wing parties, a military uprising began in garrison
towns throughout Spain, led by the rebel Nationalists and
supported by conservative elements in the clergy, military, and
landowners as well as the fascist Falange. The ruling Republican
government, led by the socialist premiers Francisco Largo
Caballero and Juan Negrín (18941956) and the liberal president
Manuel Aza, was supported by workers and many in the educated
middle class as well as militant anarchists and communists.
Government forces put down the uprising in most regions except
parts of northwestern and southwestern Spain, where the
Nationalists held control and named Francisco Fran