Frederick III of Denmark Frederick III (Danish: Frederik den
Tredje; 18 March 1609 – 9 February 1670) was king of Denmark and
Norway from 1648 until his death. He also governed under the
name Frederick II as diocesan administrator (but nevertheless
colloquially be referred to as prince-bishop) of the Prince-
Bishopric of Verden (1623–29 and again 1634–44), and the Prince-
Archbishopric of Bremen (1635–45). He instituted absolute
monarchy in Denmark-Norway in 1660, confirmed by law in 1665 as
the first in Western historiography. He also ordered the
creation of the Throne Chair of Denmark. He was born the second-
eldest son of Christian IV of Denmark and Anne Catherine of
Brandenburg. Frederick was only considered an heir to the throne
after the death of his older brother Prince Christian in 1647.
At the death of Christian IV of Denmark, Frederick conceded
significant influence to the nobility in order to be elected
king. As king, he fought two wars against Sweden. He was
defeated in the 1657–1658 Dano-Swedish War