“Medieval Nubia: A Social and Economic History is that rare
thing: a truly pioneering study. Drawing on old Nubian documents
from Qasr Ibrim, Professor Ruffini persuasively argues that
Medieval Nubia was a Mediterranean society in Africa. It is a
major contribution to the history of Medieval Africa and Islamic
Egypt.” — Stanley Burstein, California State University, Los
Angeles “This book is an outstanding work of scholarship. The
author takes an important but neglected body of primary sources
and exhaustively analyzes them for what they can tell us about
the economy and society of their times. The resulting study
revolutionizes our understanding of medieval Nubia.” — T.R.
Wilfong, University of Michigan. Originally a sect within the
Anglican church, Methodism blossomed into a dominant mainstream
religion in America during the nineteenth century. At the
beginning, though, Methodists constituted a dissenting religious
group whose ideas about sexuality, marriage, and family were
very different from those of the