|Effective teaching is based on principles of learning which
have been discussed in some detail in Chapter 1. The learning
process is not easily separated into a definite number of steps.
Sometimes, learning occurs almost instantaneously, and other
times it is acquired only through long, patient study and
diligent practice. The teaching process, on the other hand, can
be divided into steps. Although there is disagreement as to the
number of steps, examination of the various lists of steps in
the teaching process reveals that different authors are saying
essentially the same thing: the teaching of new material can be
reduced to preparation, presentation, application, and review
and evaluation. Discussions in this handbook focus on these four
basic steps.| For each lesson or instructional period, the
instructor must prepare a lesson plan. Traditionally, this plan
includes a statement of lesson objectives, the procedures and
facilities to be used during the lesson, the specific goals to
be attained, and the mean