Geography and Population Saudi Arabia, with a total area of
about 2.15 million square kilometers (km2), is by far the
largest country in the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered in the
north by Jordan, Iraq, and Kuwait, in the east by the Persian
Gulf with a coastline of 480 kilometers (km), in the south-east
and south by Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen,
and in the west by the Red Sea with a coastline of 1,750 km. It
can be divided into 4 main physiographic units: - the Western
Mountains, called the Arabian Shield, with a peak at 2,000
meters (m) above sea level and crossed by deep valleys; - the
Central Hills, which run close to the western mountains and lie
in the center of the country. Their elevation ranges between 900
and 1,800 meters above sea level; - the Desert Regions, which
lie to the east of the Central Hills, with elevations ranging
between 200 and 900 meters. Sand dunes are commonly found in
these deserts; - the Coastal Regions, which include the coastal
strip along the Red Sea with