NAEP endeavors to include as many sampled students as possible
in the assessment, including students with disabilities (SD) and
English language learners (ELL), and has established specific
inclusion goals: 95 percent of all sampled students and 85
percent of sampled students identified as SD or ELL. Inclusion
rates were computed for each state/jurisdiction participating in
the 2011 assessment and compared to NAEP inclusion goals.
Specifically, Wilson confidence intervals were used in order to
avoid having an upper bound greater than 1. Three inclusion
percentages were computed for each state/jurisdiction. An
overall inclusion percentage represents included students as a
percentage of all students sampled within the
state/jurisdiction. In addition, separate percentages were
computed to report included students as a percentage of the
state/jurisdiction sample that was identified as SD or ELL.
Inclusion percentages are estimates based on a sample, and each
estimate has a measure of uncertainty or margin of erro