Types of water pollution, objectives and standards. Water
quality criteria. Natural water quality. Sources of water
pollution, point and non-point sources. Water quality
monitoring, schedules, data generation, quality assurance, data
validation, method development and evaluation. Grab, integrated,
composite sampling, preservation of samples, expression of
results. Fundamentals of Chemistry in water and waste water
Quality characterisation. Importance of quantitive measurements.
Standard methods of measurements, volumetric, gravimetric,
colorimetric techniques. Physical methods of analysis,
turbidimetry Nephlometry. Optical methods of measurement,
potentiometry, Chromatography, Spectroscopy. Measurement of
turbidity, color, pH, Acidity Alkalinity, Hardness, Chloride and
Chlorine residuals, dissolved oxygen, B.O.D., C.O.D., Nitrogen
in various forms, solids, Fe and Mn, Trace contaminants
phosphorus as phosphates, sulphur as sulphates, fluorides, oil
and grease, volatile acids. Biological and Bacteriological par