(Also known as CARDINAL JULIAN) Born at Rome, 1398; died at
Varna, in Bulgaria 10 November, 1444. He was one of the group of
brilliant cardinals created by Martin V on the conclusion of the
Western Schism, and is described by Bossuet as the strongest
bulwark that the Catholics could oppose to the Greeks in the
council of Florence. He was of good family and was educated at
Perugia, where he studied Roman law with such success as to be
appointed lecturer there, Domenico Capranica and Nicholas of
Cusa being among his pupils. When the schism was ended by the
universal recognition of Martin V as pope, Giuliano returned to
Rome, where he attached himself to Cardinal Branda. Suggestions
of wide reform were rife, and the principles of the outward
unity of the Church and its reformation from within became the
ideals of his life. In 1419 he accompanied Branda on his
difficult mission to Germany and Bohemia, where the Hussites
were in open rebellion. The cardinal thought so highly of his
services that he used to say tha