Note: Using access() to check if a user is authorized to e.g.
open a file before actually doing so using open() creates a
security hole, because the user might exploit the short time
interval between checking and opening the file to manipulate it.
Note: I/O operations may fail even when access() indicates that
they would succeed, particularly for operations on network
filesystems which may have permissions semantics beyond the
usual POSIX permission-bit model. Although Windows supports
chmod(), you can only set the file's read-only flag with it (via
the S_IREAD constants or a corresponding integer value). All
other bits are ignored. |path, uid, gid)| |path, uid, gid)|
'..'even if they are present in the directory. Availability:
Macintosh, Unix, Windows. Changed in version 2.3: On Windows
NT/2k/XP and Unix, if path is a Unicode object, the result will
be a list of Unicode objects. 0666(octal). The current umask
value is first masked out from the mode. Availability:
Macintosh, Unix. FIFOs are pipes that can be