reportCement based materials Cement is a binder which sets and
hardens within a certain time and which is able to bind fine and
coarse aggregates. Depending on the aggregates different
materials are produced such as concrete, mortar, stucco and
grout. Concrete consists of cement, different cementitious
materials, coarse and fine aggregates, chemical additives and
water. Portland cement is the most frequently used type of
cement. It mainly consists of limestone, clay and gypsum that
get hydrated due to a chemical reaction with water making the
material hard and extremely durable. Thus the material will
harden in the presence of water. For this reason cement is also
referred to as hydraulic binder. In general, binders are divided
into hydraulic and non-hydraulic types, whereby Portland cement
is the most common hydraulic binder. Portland cement clinker is
produced in huge rotating kilns at maximum temperatures of about
1450 degrees Celsius due to the sintering of limestone and clay.
This process produces a soli