is the inhibition of growth of a plant due to biomolecules
released by another. It is the opposite of symbiotic mutualism .
The biomolecules are called allelochemicals and are produced by
some plants as secondary metabolites. When the allelochemicals
are released into the environment, they inhibit the development
of neighbouring plants. By contrast, resource competition
involves the reduction of growth factors (such as nutrients,
water or light) from the environment. Although allelopathic
science is a relatively new field of study, there exists
convincing evidence that allelopathic interactions between
plants play a crucial role in both natural and manipulated
ecosystems. These interactions are undoubtedly an important
factor in determining species distribution and abundance within
some plant communities. Allelopathic interactions are also
thought to be an important factor in the success of many
invasive plants. For specific examples, see Spotted Knapweed
(Centaurea maculosa), Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiola