The sectoral structure of an emergent economy in light of I O analysis
1) The paper attempts to reveal the main structural changes (in sectoral profile) produced during the transition aEUR" study case: Romania. 2) As a leading method the I O techniques are used, in Leontief model version. 3) There are involved information resulted from the I O tables, homogenized as annual series for entire period 1989 2014. Extended classification of 88 branches was compacted into a fourteen sectors structure. Current prices were preponderantly used. 4. Contributions: 4.1. The paper explains, including analytically, the comprehensive significance of sectoral shares in GDP as an indicator of sectoral structure. It synthetizes both groups of factors influencing economic life supply sided and demand sided. 4.2. Two measures of structural changes speed are involved: moving structural change coefficient (estimates intensity of adjustments produced between two successive years) and referential one (compares registered sectoral shares with a given fixed vector) Computing these parameters, the paper concludes that Romania has registered, from this standpoint, three distinct phases: a) Decade 1990 1999. Dominated especially by demolition aEUR" along with the centrally planned mechanism of the main industries, transportation networks, large agrarian exploitations, educational system. At a macro structural level this phase distinguished itself by a convulsive evolution. b) Pre accession to EU period, 2000 2006. Characterized by ceasing of the chaotic institutional changes and implementation of complex reforms based on the adopted Program for Integration and negotiations with European Commission. This phase induced a more stable sectoral structure. c) Status as EU full member 2007 2014. Unfortunately, the official accession to the EU could not be integrally fructified because of the latest world crisis. Years 2009 2011 registered a slowdown and serious decline, followed by a modest recovery (2012 2014) The changes in sectoral structure intensified again. 4.3. The technical coefficients are used to reveal the intensity of inter sectoral linkages. Over half of them belong to nonsignificant or very weak classes, and approximately a quarter to the moderate one. 22 23% of them are characterized by important inter sectoral linkage intensity, being defined as nodal technical coefficients. The aEURoecumulated direct effectsaEUR* consisting in the row/column sums of A matrix are also analyzed. 4.4. The paper evaluates real nominal discrepancies which can occur during economic changes. Relating to output, the sectoral structure was determined in three variants: a) current prices; b) previous year prices (in I O applications these are usually labelled as constant) and c) base 1995 prices. Thus there were identified three groups of aggregated sectors. One (sectors 1, 4, 5, 7, 11) is characterized by a long lasting relative nominal depreciation; another (sectors 2, 6, 8) displays an approximately convergent dynamics; the last category (sectors 3, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14) reunites the main aEURoewinnersaEUR* of this sui generis aEURoereal nominal competitionaEUR* 4.5. Overall, five patterns of sectoral dynamics were identified: The shares in GDP of sectors 1 (agriculture, forestry, hunting, fishing) and 5 (textiles, leather, pulp and paper, furniture) have been placed on a descending trajectory. The sectors 2 (mining and quarrying) 7 (other manufacturing industries) and 14 (professional