64 QAM 60 GHz CMOS Transceivers for IEEE 802.11ad/ay
This paper presents 64 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) 60 GHz CMOS transceivers with four channel bonding capability, which can be categorized into a one stream transceiver and a two stream frequency interleaved (FI) transceiver. The transceivers are both fabricated in a standard 65 nm CMOS technology. For the proposed one stream transceiver, the TX to RX error vector magnitude (EVM) is less than 23.9 dB for 64 QAM wireless communication in all four channels defined in the IEEE 802.11ad/WiGig. The maximum communication distance with the full rate can reach 0.13 m for 64 QAM, 0.8 m for 16 QAM, and 2.6 m for QPSK using 14 dBi horn antennas. A data rate of 28.16 Gb/s is achieved in 16 QAM by four channel bonding. The transmitter, receiver, and phase locked loop consume 186, 155, and 64 mW, respectively. The core area of the transceiver is 3.9 mm2. For the proposed two stream FI transceiver, four channel bonding in 64 QAM is realized with a data rate of 42.24 Gb/s and an EVM of less than 23 dB. The front end consumes 544 mW in transmitting mode and 432 mW in receiving mode from a 1.2 V supply. The core area of the transceiver is 7.2 mm2.
IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits