"Not Rural but Not Urban" Community Governance in China's Urban Villages*
Abstract China's urbanization has created a large number of urban villages which, although they have been transferred to urban administration, have maintained their collective economies. Using a comparative perspective, this article investigates how villagers, the village collectives and the urban administration organize community governance in three urban villages on the fringes of the cities of Guangzhou, Wuhan and Shenyang. The findings suggest that successful village collective shareholding companies play a leading role in community governance by providing villagers with economic and social welfare, subsidizing community administration services, and mobilizing residents. The comparative analysis also shows that village shareholding companies employ different mechanisms based on the varied histories of their village collective economies, the ability of the village collectives to mobilize resources, and the degree to which the village collectives are engaged in the grassroots administrative structure. The article argues that the "not rural but not urban" governance mode of the urban villages illustrates China's fragmented urbanization planning. At the same time, it illuminates the dynamics of state society relations during China's urbanization and how landless villagers and village collectives respond to urban transformation by adopting different strategies to preserve their individual and collective interests. Zhai Yao Zhong Guo De Cheng Shi Hua Chan Sheng Liao Da Liang De "Cun Zhuan Ju "She Qu Zhe Xie She Qu Yi Fang Mian Shu Yu Cheng Shi Xing Zheng Guan Li Ling Yi Fang Mian You Bao Liu Zhao Yuan You De Cun Ji Ti Jing Ji Ben Wen Dui Yan Zhou Wu Yi He Chen Yang San Di "Cun Zhuan Ju "She Qu De Guan Li Mo Shi Jin Xing Liao Bi Jiao Yan Jiu Qi Jie Guo Xian Shi Cheng Gong De Cun Ji Ti Gu Fen Gong Si Tong Guo Xiang Cun Min Ti Gong Sheng Huo He She Hui Bao Zhang Cheng Dan Bu Fen She Qu Fu Wu He Zu Zhi Ju Min Can Yu She Qu Huo Dong Cong Er Zai "Cun Zhuan Ju "She Qu Zhi Li Zhong Chu Yu Zhu Dao Di Wei You Yu Dang Di Ji Ti Jing Ji De Fa Zhan Li Cheng Qi Zu Zhi Dong Yuan Ju Min De Neng Li Yi Ji Can Yu She Qu Guan Li De Cheng Du Cun Zai Chai Yi San Di De Cun Ji Ti Gu Fen Gong Si Biao Xian Chu Bu Tong De "Cun Zhuan Ju "She Qu Guan Li Mo Shi Ben Wen Jie Shi Liao "Cun Zhuan Ju "She Qu Cun Zai "Cun Bu Cun Ju Bu Ju "De Guan Li Mo Shi Zhe Yi Fang Mian Shi Yin Wei Cheng Shi Hua Jin Cheng Que Fa Quan Mian Xi Tong De Gui Hua Ling Yi Fang Mian Ye Ti Xian Liao Zai Cheng Shi Hua Guo Cheng Zhong Shi Di Nong Min Yu Cun Ji Ti Jing Ji Cai Yong Duo Yang Hua De Fang Shi Lai Wei Hu Ge Ren He Cun Ji Ti De Li Yi Cong Er Ying Xiang Liao She Hui Yu Guo Jia Zu Zhi Zhi Jian De Hu Dong
The China Quarterly