Patterns and mechanisms of understorey vegetation associated with stand development in boreal forests
ii CONTENTS v CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2: EFFECTS OF COARSE WOODY DEBRIS ON PLANT AND LICHEN SPECIES COMPOSITION IN BOREAL FORESTS 5 2.1 Abstract 5 2.2 Introduction 6 2.3 Material and methods 9 2.3.1 Study area and stand selection 9 2.3.2 Sampling and measurements. 9 2.3.3 Coarse woody debris 10 2.3.4 Recording of vegetation 11 2.3.5 Data analysis 12 2.4 Results 14 2.5 Discussion 22 CHAPTER 3: EPIXYLIC VEGETATION ABUNDANCE, DIVERSITY AND COMPOSITION VARY WITH COARSE WOODY DEBRIS DECAY CLASS AND SUBSTRATE SPECIES IN BOREAL FOREST 27 3.1 Abstract 27 3.2 Introduction 28 3.3 Materials and methods 33 3.3.1 Study area. 33