All in One Phototheranostics: Single Laser Triggers NIR II Fluorescence/Photoacoustic Imaging Guided Photothermal/Photodynamic/Chemo Combination Therapy
(c) 2019 WILEY VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA, Weinheim 1901480 (1 of 12) and imaging guided therapy.[1] Recently, phototheranostics, which provide simultaneous diagnosis and therapy through light irradiation, have been validated as significant breakthrough toward cancer theranostics owing to their characteristics including noninvasiveness, high efficiency, as well as the precise controlled release of encapsulated substances both spatially and temporally.[2] However, there still exist many barriers by using this strategy, including complex components, sophisticated construction, two or more different wavelength lasers as well as inadequate diagnostic accuracy or therapeutic efficacy.[3] As a consequence, it is imperative to exploit highly efficient theranostic nanoplatforms, achieving ideal diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy under a single wavelength laser irradiation. Among the present photoinduced diagnostic techniques, fluorescence imaging in the second near infrared optical window (NIR II, 1000 1700 nm) has attracted tremendous attention owing to its irreplaceable merits over the conventional fluorescence imaging in the first NIR window (NIR I, 650 900 nm)[4] The fluoresce in the NIR II window have highlighted the benefits of imaging at longer wavelengths, including deep penetration depth, high resolution, and sensitivity as well as the increased signal to background ratio by reducing photon scattering and tissue autofluorescence.[5] Among the reported NIR II fluorophores,[6] small organic molecules NIR II fluorophores have been regarded as a promising candidate for clinical imaging on the merits of superb biocompatibility, easily adjusted chemical structures, and optical properties.[7] Despite significant improvements in NIR II fluorescence imaging for diagnosis assessment, comprehensive tumor information at different spatial resolutions and scales could not effectively provided by only one imaging modality.[4a] Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is a hybrid imaging method that combines the superiorities of optical imaging and ultrasound imaging,[8] providing deeper tissue penetration than NIR II fluorescence imaging.[7d] Moreover, PA imaging can describe deep tumor profile with microscopic spatial resolution, which could hardly be achieved by NIR II fluorescence imaging.[9] However, low sensitivity and Development of single near infrared (NIR) laser triggered phototheranostics for multimodal imaging guided combination therapy is highly desirable but is still a big challenge. Herein, a novel small molecule dye DPP BT is designed and synthesized, which shows strong absorption in the first NIR window (NIR I) and fluorescence emission in the second NIR region (NIR II) Such a dye not only acts as a dual modal contrast agent for NIR II fluorescence and photoacoustic (PA) imaging, but also serves as a combined therapeutic agent for photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) The single NIR laser triggered all in one phototheranostic nanoparticles are constructed by encapsulating the dye DPP BT, chemotherapy drug DOX, and natural phase change materials with a folic acid functionalized amphiphile. Notably, under NIR laser irradiation, DOX can effectively release from such nanoparticles via NIR induced hyperthermia of DPP BT. By intravenous injection of such nanoparticles into Hela tumorbearing mice, the tumor size and location can be accurately observed via NIR II fluorescence/PA dual modal imaging. From in vitro and in vivo therapy results, such nanoparticles simultaneously present remarkable antitumor efficacy by PTT/PDT/chemo combination therapy, which is triggered by a single NIR laser. Overall, this work provides an innovative strategy to design and construct allin one nanoplatforms for clinical phototheranostics. All in One Phototheranostics: Single Laser Triggers NIR II Fluorescence/Photoacoustic Imaging Guided Photothermal/Photodynamic/Chemo Combination Therapy
Advanced Functional Materials