Di carboxylic acid cellulose nanofibril (DCA CNF) as an additive in water based drilling fluids (WBMs) applied to shale formations
Abstract This work proposes the application of di carboxylic acid cellulose nanofibril (DCA CNF) obtained through maleic acid hydrolysis as an additive in water based drilling fluids (WBMs) Specifically, the use of DCA CNF as a replacement of xanthan gum (XGD) in the WBM formulations was evaluated. The effect of DCA CNF on the main functional properties of WBMs and their performance was evaluated and compared with that corresponding to XGD. To this end, interactions between DCA CNF and bentonite (BT) as well as between DCA CNF and polyanionic cellulose (PAC) were studied using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM D) technique. The rheological analyses showed a shear thinning behavior of WBMs containing XGD similar to WBMs with DCA CNF, while filtration properties and thermal stability improved by the presence of DCA CNF. Results obtained by QCM D indicated higher interaction between PAC and DCA CNFs when compared to BT and DCA CNF. The Sisko model was implemented to simulate the relationship between viscosity and shear rate. WBM for Argentina shale containing the double concentration of DCA CNF exhibited similar rheological properties to the base fluid. Graphic abstract
Cellulose