In July 2016 the United States Department of Justice charged two executives from HSBC Bank over an alleged $3.5 billion currency scheme which defrauded HSBC clients and "manipulated the foreign exchange market to benefit themselves and their bank".[162] "Mark Johnson and Stuart Scott, both British citizens, are being accused".[163] "Johnson was arrested late Tuesday [19 July 2016] at JFK International Airport in New York City." [163] "Stuart Scott, who was HSBC's European head of foreign exchange trading in London until December 2014, is accused of the same crimes. A warrant was issued for Scott's arrest."[162] Mark Johnson was convicted of nine counts of wire fraud and conspiracy to defraud related to front running the currency trades of HSBC clients and sentenced to two years in federal prison.[164][165]