Sassafras albidum – sassafras roots and bark containing the aromatic oil safrole (or an artificial substitute) Smilax regelii – sarsaparilla Smilax glyciphylla – sweet sarsaparilla Piper auritum – root beer plant or hoja santa Glycyrrhiza glabra – liquorice (root) Aralia nudicaulis – wild sarsaparilla or "rabbit root" Gaultheria procumbens – wintergreen (leaves and berries) Betula lenta – sweet birch (sap/syrup/resin) Betula nigra – black birch (sap/syrup/resin) Prunus serotina – black cherry Picea rubens – red spruce Picea mariana – black spruce Picea sitchensis – Sitka spruce Arctium lappa – burdock (root) Taraxacum officinale – dandelion (root)