Pan-nationalism emerged from the nineteenth-century European nationalism, beginning with the Pan-Slavism movement, which developed among various Slavic nations within the Austro-Hungarian and Turkish empires.[1] At the heart of this development was Ján Kollár, who maintained that the Slavs as a fundamentally single people, sharing the same cultural heritage.[1] This was later followed by the Pan-German thought, which assumed a somewhat similar view, with a goal of German unification where a greater Germany can be created, including Austrians and other German speakers.[1] These pan-nationalistic movements embraced the European intellectual discourses on race particularly those about the preservation of the racial unit.[2] This gave the concept a mantle of permanence because it called upon a biological connection that bound a "Volk" together.[2]