The virus-based nanoparticles can be tailored for specific applications using a number of chemical biology approaches: Genetic modification can be used to modify the amino acid sequence of the capsid protein (also known as coat protein).[31] Bioconjugate chemistry can be used to introduce non-biological or biological cargos.[32] Lastly, while often shown as rigid materials, the viruses are dynamic materials that undergo swelling and other conformational changes allowing for cargo to be infused or encapsulated into their viral capsids.[33]