Graus and Saiz criteria All four of Subacute onset (<12 weeks) of seizures, short-term memory loss, confusion, and psychiatric symptoms Neuropathologic or radiologic evidence (MRI, SPECT, PET) of involvement of the limbic system Exclusion of other possible aetiologies of limbic dysfunction Demonstration of a cancer within 5 years of the diagnosis of neurologic symptoms, or the development of classic symptoms of limbic dysfunction in association with a well-characterized paraneoplastic antibody (Hu, Ma2, CV2, amphiphysin, Ri)