Arriving aboard infected sailors from Sicily, influenza struck the Kingdom of France through the ports of Marseille and Nice and spread through the international crowds of the shipyards. It was referred to as cephalie catarrhal among French physicians, but more commonly just called coqueluche.[1][2][3][4][28][29] Historian François Eudes de Mézeray traced the etymology of coqueluche to the 1410s[30] when sufferers would wear bonnets resembling coqueluchons, a kind of monk's cowl.[31] French surgeon Ambroise Paré described the outbreak as having been a "rheumatic affliction of the head...with constriction of the heart and lungs."[1] Merchants, pilgrims, and other travelers from the south and east spread the virus throughout the western Mediterranean in July.[9] By August it had appeared in Tours and rapidly propagated itself throughout France, sickening the entire country by September.[30] French poet and historian Jean Bouchet, employed by King Louis XII's Royal Court, wrote that the epidemic "appeared in the entire Kingdom of France, as much in the towns as in the countryside."[1]