The design team leader, Jiro Horikoshi, intended it to be as light and agile as possible, embodying the qualities of a samurai sword.[76] With Japanese engine technology lagging behind that of the west, but required to out-perform western fighters, the designers minimised weight to maximize range and maneuverability.[77] This was achieved by methods including the use of light weaponry and the absence of armour and self-sealing fuel tanks.[78] Early in World War II the Zero was considered the most capable carrier-based fighter in the world,[79] and the extremely long range meant that the Zero could appear in and strike locations where Japanese air power was otherwise not expected to reach.