Volume 292 Issue 3 Pages 575–588 DOI 10.1016/S0304-3975(01)00375-9 ISSN 0304-3975 ↑ Kitaev, Alexei; Watrous, John (2000). "Parallelization, amplification, and exponential time simulation of quantum interactive proof systems". STOC '00: Proceedings of the thirty-second annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing.