Stabilization is the pressure applied to the handle with the index finger and the thumb while maintaining the fulcrum finger (ring finger) against the tooth surface.[1] Adaptation requires placing the tip third (first 1-2 millimeters) of the lateral face of the working end, in contact with the tooth structure.[4] Angulation is the relationship between the face of the instrument and the tooth surface, ideally 70º-80º when using periodontal scalers.[4] Lateral pressure is typically moderate to firm, and the characteristics are short, controlled strokes.[4] The stroke directions include vertical, oblique and horizontal strokes, all leading away from the soft tissue[4] to avoid tissue trauma.