Britain invaded Egypt in 1882, establishing a protectorate over an area that had hitherto being nominally subject to the Ottoman Empire.[1] In the 1890s the British conquered Sudan, and in 1899 a condominium was established which created Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.[3][2] In September 1911 Italy invaded the nominally-Ottoman Vilayet of Tripolitania, and the Treaty of Ouchy was signed the following year by which the Ottomans formally ceded sovereignty of the area over to Italy.[4][5][2] Italy organised the newly conquered regions into the colonies of Italian Cyrenaica and Italian Tripolitania and gradually began pushing further south; in 1934 they united the two territories as Italian Libya.[6][2]