The study outlined concerns that "[t]he rates, types and pathways of exposure to MON 87705 have not been sufficiently characterized" by Monsanto, which it also said had not presented a "convincing case for having either identified or analyzed off-target effects of the novel dsRNAs expressed in soybean MON 87705, or other unintended metabolic changes". The researchers found it significant that Monsanto "excluded the production of novel small peptides being produced by regular but low level expression of intended dsRNAs," and that it had "only argued that they do not exist", which was described as lacking a basis in science. "The molecular characterization is unsatisfactory for concluding that there are no novel protein-based hazards", said the researchers.[1]