At the end of the 400s BC Egyptian rebel Amyrtaeus used instability within the Persian Empire (Battle of Cunaxa) to gain Egypt its independence with himself as pharaoh[5].This began a new period of warfare between Persia and the newly independent Egypt. Persia invaded Egypt in 385 and 383 BC when it had finished its wars elsewhere but these invasions were fought back.[6] Another even larger invasion in 373 was defeated due to disagreements between the Persian commanders.[7] All these invasions were followed by Egyptian counterattacks into Phoenicia, which were only mildly successful.