Surgical correction has been shown to repair any functional symptoms that may occur in the condition, such as respiratory problems or heart murmurs, provided that permanent damage has not already arisen from an extremely severe case.[citation needed][3][dead link] Surgical correction of the pectus excavatum has been shown to significantly improve cardiovascular function;[28] there is inconclusive evidence so far as to whether it might also improve pulmonary function.[29] One of the most popular techniques for repair of pectus excavatum today is the minimally invasive operation, also known as MIRPE or Nuss technique.[30]