Even if a student is staying awake in class, their ability to pay attention in class is severely diminished.[22] 23.2% of students who don’t get enough sleep every night report that they have trouble being able to concentrate on things.[22] Not being able to focus in class will cause the student to struggle on learning the material, which can lead to increased sleep deprivation from spending more time on homework.[22] Lack of sleep also affects the forming of memories.[23] Studies show REM sleep is involved in creating memories related to complex information and “students not getting enough sleep will have trouble committing their classes material to memory and learn slower”.[23] Forgetfulness is another symptom of sleep deprivation which can be immensely harmful, especially during an exam when memory is crucial.[23] Without adequate sleep, the neurons “can no longer function to coordinate information properly, and students lose the ability to access previously learned information."[23] A study of graduate pharmacy students showed 81.7% of students failed to get 7 hours of sleep on the night before an examination.[24]