DEHP, along with other phthalates, is believed to cause endocrine disruption in males, through its action as an androgen antagonist,[16] and may have lasting effects on reproductive function, for both childhood and adult exposures. Prenatal phthalate exposure has been shown to be associated with lower levels of reproductive function in adolescent males.[17] In another study, airborne concentrations of DEHP at a PVC pellet plant were significantly associated with a reduction in sperm motility and chromatin DNA integrity.[18] Additionally, the authors noted the daily intake estimates for DEHP were comparable to the general population, indicating a “high percentage of men are exposed to levels of DEHP that may affect sperm motility and chromatin DNA integrity”.