As result, plant virus particles have been subjected to both genetic and chemical modification, have been used to encapsulate foreign material and have themselves, been incorporated into supramolecular structures. Significantly, plant viruses studied are not human pathogens, which have no natural tendency to interact with human cell surface receptors.[24] Recently, a plant pathogenic virus are reported to used to synthesize a noble hybrid metal nanomaterials used as biosemiconductor.[3]