Formed in 1883, the organization aimed to inform the public about visual art and provide art education.[5] The Art Association's first exhibition, which opened November 7, 1883, contained 453 artworks from 137 artists.[21] The death of wealthy Indianapolis resident John Herron in 1895 left a substantial bequest with the stipulation that the money be used for a gallery and a school with his name.[21] The John Herron Art Institute opened in 1902 at the corner of 16th and Pennsylvania street.[21] Emphasis on the Arts and Crafts movement grew throughout the early years of the school, with a focus on applied art.[5] William Henry Fox was hired in 1905 as the Art Institute's first director.