The National Park is an important refuge for rare species of the Andes, like mountain tapirs and spectacled bears. Especially for the mountain tapir, the park is one of the most important strongholds.[1] Typical species of the alpine and subalpine areas are mountain tapirs, Northern South American cougars[2] and Andean foxes.[2][3] In the forests below live spectacled bears, giant otters, Ecuadorian jaguars, ocelots, margays, Brazilian tapirs, white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus clavium), little red brocket deer and Northern Pudus. About 300-400 bird species inhabit the Park.[4]