In R&D management and systems development, open coopetition or open-coopetition is a neologism to describe cooperation among competitors in the open-source arena. The term was first coined by the scholars Jose Teixeira and Tingting Lin to describe how rival firms that, while competing with similar products in the same markets (e.g., Apple, Samsung, Google, Nokia), collaborate which each other in the development of open-source projects (e.g., Webkit).[1]