Intravenous bisphosphonates may be helpful for treatment of bone pain, but there is no clear evidence that they strengthen bone lesions or prevent fractures.[11][12] Surgical techniques that are effective in other disorders, such as bone grafting, curettage, and plates and screws, are frequently ineffective in fibrous dysplasia and should be avoided.[13][14] Intramedullary rods are generally preferred for management of fractures and deformity in the lower extremities.[14] Progressive scoliosis can generally be managed with standard instrumentation and fusion techniques.[15] Surgical management in the craniofacial skeleton is complicated by frequent post-operative FD regrowth, and should focus on correction of functional deformities.[16] Prophylactic optic nerve decompression increases the risk of vision loss and is contraindicated.[17]