Akhawayni is well known for his treatment of patients with mental disorders [5] and he describes a number of these disorders, such as Mania, Dementia, Conversion Disorder and Melancholia, in his book.[2][5][6] Al-Akhawayni describes Melancholia as a chronic illness and relates it to brain, which is one of the main aspects of his view on Melancholia.[1][7] He describes Melancholia’s initial clinical manifestations as "suffering from an unexplained fear, inability to answer questions or providing false answers, self-laughing and self-crying and speaking meaninglessly, yet with no fever"[1]