0 seconds – injection of fluorescein 9.5 sec – posterior ciliary arteries 10 sec – choroidal flush (or "pre-arterial phase") 10–12 sec – retinal arterial stage 13 sec – capillary transition stage 14–15 sec – early venous stage (or "laminar stage", "arterial-venous stage") 16–17 sec – venous stage 18–20 sec – late venous stage 5 minutes – late staining