At around 10:20 pm on 18 September 1931, a small quantity of dynamite was detonated close to a railway line near Mukden owned by the Japanese South Manchuria Railway Company by Kwantung Army Lt. Kawamoto Suemori.[32][33] The Imperial Japanese Army, accusing Chinese dissidents of the act, then used the false flag explosion as pretext to launch a full attack on Mukden, and captured the city the following morning (September 19).[33][34] After the Mukden Incident, the Japanese further invaded and occupied the rest of Northeast China, and created the puppet state of Manchukuo with the deposed emperor Aisin Gioro Puyi as the figurehead.[35] During the Manchukuo era (1932–1945), the city was again called Fengtian (and Mukden in English),[36] and was developed by the Japanese into a center of heavy industry.[36][37] Japan was able to exploit resources in Manchuria using the extensive network of railroads.[38] For example, vast expanses of Manchurian forest were chopped down.[39] The development of Shenyang was also unbalanced in this period; municipal facilities were mostly located in Japanese residential areas, while Chinese residential areas had poor living conditions.[37]