In April 2016, four American studies professors, Simon J. Bronner, Michael Aaron Rockland, Michael Barton, and Charles Kupfer,[40] sued ASA. They were aided by Kenneth L. Marcus of the pro-Israeli Brandeis Center, Eugene Kontorovich, a legal expert and vocal opponent of BDS, and Jerome Marcus of the Israeli think tank Kohelet Policy Forum.[41][42] The named defendants were Lisa Duggan, Curtis Marez, Avery Gordon, Nerferti Tadiar, Sunaina Maira and Chandan Reddy.[43] New defendants were added in 2018. Among them, Steven Salaita, who wasn't on the Board when the boycott decision was taken but had campaigned for the boycott.[44]