Gebel Ramlah is a region in the Western Desert of southern Egypt that was occupied throughout the African Pastoral Neolithic.[1] Archaeological research has focused primarily on individual burial sites and six pastoral cemeteries, including the earliest known infant cemetery in the world.[2] The Gebel Ramlah cemeteries were active during the Final Neolithic in the fifth millennium BC.[3] Ongoing excavation has uncovered over 200 human burials and elaborate grave goods.[4] Research studies have been done on the pottery, mollusk shells, archaeobotanical remains, and skeletal remains found throughout the sites.[5][6][7][8]