Under the leadership of the Central Park Conservancy, the park's reclamation began by addressing needs that could not be met within NYC Parks' existing resources. The Conservancy hired interns and a small restoration staff to reconstruct and repair unique rustic features, undertaking horticultural projects, and removing graffiti under the broken windows theory which advocated removing visible signs of decay.[203] The first structure to be renovated was the Dairy, which reopened as the park's first visitor center in 1979.[204] The Sheep Meadow, which reopened the following year, was the first landscape to be restored.[205] Bethesda Terrace and Fountain, the USS Maine National Monument, and the Bow Bridge were also rehabilitated.[206][207][208] By then, the Conservancy was engaged in design efforts and long-term restoration planning,[209] and in 1981, Davis and Barlow announced a 10-year, $100 million "Central Park Management and Restoration Plan".[208] The long-closed Belvedere Castle was renovated and reopened in 1983,[210][211] while the Central Park Zoo closed for a full reconstruction that year.[10][209] To reduce the maintenance effort, large gatherings such as free concerts were canceled.[212]