In,[1] CN is seen as a communication network augmented by a knowledge plane that can span vertically over layers (making use of cross-layer design) and/or horizontally across technologies and nodes (covering a heterogeneous environment). The knowledge plane needs at least two elements: (1) a representation of relevant knowledge about the scope (device, homogeneous network, heterogeneous network, etc.); (2) a cognition loop which uses artificial intelligence techniques inside its states (learning techniques, decision making techniques, etc.).