Maximum pressure campaign refers to the intensified sanctions against Iran by the Trump administration after the United States exited the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) in 2018.[1] The campaign was aimed at pressuring Iran to renegotiate the JCPOA,[2] adding more restrictions on Iran's nuclear program and expanding the scope of the agreement to cover Iran's ballistic missiles as well as other regional activities.[1][3] This strategy was faced by Iran's counter pressure policy to thwart the U.S. maximum pressure campaign.[2][4][5]