It has arrived in Germany in 1843 via Bruno Bauer's treatise Die Judenfrage ("The Jewish Question"). He argued that Jews can achieve political emancipation only if they let go their religious consciousness as he proposed that political emancipation required a secular state. In 1898, Theodore Herzl's treatise, Der Judenstaat, advocates Zionism as a "modern solution for the Jewish question" by creating an independent Jewish state, preferably in Palestine.[3]