AT&T conducted trials in 2017 for business use of 400 gigabit Ethernet.[8] Researchers Robert Maher, Alex Alvarado, Domaniç Lavery, and Polina Bayvel of University College London were able to increase networking speeds to 1.125 terabits per second.[9] Christos Santis, graduate student Scott Steger, Amnon Yariv, Martin and Eileen Summerfield developed a new laser that quadruples transfer speeds with fiber optics.[10] If these two technologies were combined, then a transfer speed of up to 4.5 terabits per second could potentially be achieved.[when?]