Jodensavanne's slave-owning citizens also regularly engaged in conflict with neighboring Indigenous populations and with enslaved people in their plantations. In 1670, according to the Essai Historique, approximately two hundred or so Jewish people had left Suriname, and in 1677, a year before the Carib assault on Jodensavanne, ten Jewish families had left with their slaves. European settlements including those in the Jodensavanne were attacked by Carib (Kalina people) in the latter part of 1678 and slaves also revolted.[7] Again in 1690 there was a slave revolt on the plantation of an owner named Immanuel Machado, who was killed and whose former slaves fled to a Maroon community.[8] French sailors, aware of the richness of the community, also raided it in 1712.[3] Due to the many attacks, especially by former slaves, the colonists built up a defensive system around the settlement.[4]