Climate change has a profound effect on both marine and terrestrial biodiversity. In the waters of the United Kingdom, climate and ocean changes can also affect and have a major impact on threatened species by influencing the efficacy of measures designed to protect them.[5] Greenhouse gas emissions are also a known reason for some of the major advancements in global climate change over the years. Waterfront cities, which make up the majority of the United Kingdom, are reported to have a great challenge ahead of them in terms of resilience to climate change.[6] This is resulting in existing cities such as these waterfront cities to be regenerated and improved to better deal with the impacts of climate change.