A February 2013 Congressional Research Service (CRS) report to Congress said that the "Assault Weapons Ban of 1994 was unsuccessfully challenged as violating several constitutional provisions". The report said that challenges to three constitutional provisions were easily dismissed.[23]:7 The ban did not make up an impermissible Bill of Attainder.[24]:31 It was not unconstitutionally vague.[25] And it was ruled not incompatible with the Ninth Amendment by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals.[26]