Probably one of the most high impact activities arising from Operation Marion was the Boipatong massacre, which left 43 dead on 17 June 1992.[4] This single act became a turning point for the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA) when Nelson Mandela withdrew the ANC as a result.[5] The activities arising from Operation Marion became the subject of intense investigation by the Goldstone Commission of Enquiry.[6]