A 2009 review found that alcohol intake does not affect the risk of developing thyroid cancer.[139] However, a 2009 study of 490,000 men and women concluded that alcohol may reduce the risk of thyroid cancer.[140] A 2009 study of 1,280,296 women in the United Kingdom concluded, "The decreased risk for thyroid cancer that we find to be associated with alcohol intake is consistent with results from some studies, although a meta-analysis of 10 case–control studies and two other cohort studies reported no statistically significant associations."[141]