In 273, Callinicus was executed with Zenobia's chief counselor and Greek sophist, Cassius Longinus on the orders of Roman Emperor Aurelian in the city, Callinicum on the Euphrates (modern Raqqa, Syria). Zenobia had revolted against the Roman Empire and Aurelian had defeated and ended Zenobia’s revolt from Rome in Emesa (modern Homs, Syria).