In 1933, 5 years prior to the annexation of Austria into Germany, the population of Germany was approximately 67% Protestant and 33% Catholic, while the Jewish population was less than 1%.[1][better source needed][2] A census in May 1939, six years into the Nazi era[3] and after the annexation of mostly Catholic Austria and mostly Catholic Czechoslovakia[4] into Germany, indicates[5] that 54% considered themselves Protestant,[failed verification] 40% Catholic,[failed verification] 3.5% self-identified as Gottgläubig[4] (lit. "believing in God"),[7] and 1.5% as "atheist".[6]