The American Board of Anesthesiology recommends that patients should not eat solid food for at least 8 hours prior to a procedure, and should not drink even clear liquids for at least 2 hours prior.[3] Clear liquid fasting includes water, juices without pulp, carbonated beverages, clear tea, and black coffee.[4] Ingestion of water 2 hours prior to a procedure results in smaller gastric volumes and higher gastric pH when compared with those who ingested > 4 hours prior. The volume of liquid is less important than the type of liquid ingested.[4] Non-emergency surgical cases should be delayed for NPO status.