From 1995 to 2014, Maddox was the deputy director of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).[14] As deputy director, she led many federal and international efforts to improve maternal and child health, including the NICHD Safe to Sleep (formerly the Back to Sleep campaign), the NIH Down Syndrome Consortium,[15] and the Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research.[16]