[2] Antimicrobial options include penicillinase-resistant penicillins (ex: cloxacillin, dicloxacillin) or a combination of a penicillin and a beta-lactamase inhibitor.[4] However, in patients with a penicillin allergy, clindamycin or a macrolide can be prescribed.[4] The majority of anaerobic organisms involved with AIT are susceptible to penicillin. Certain Gram-negative bacilli (ex: Prevotella, Fusobacteria, and Porphyromonas) are exhibiting an increased resistance based on the production of beta-lactamase.[4] Patients who have undergone recent penicillin therapy have demonstrated an increase in beta-lactamase-producing (anaerobic and aerobic) bacteria. Clindamycin, or a combination of metronidazole and a macrolide, or a penicillin combined with a beta-lactamase inhibitor is recommended in these cases.[4] Fungal thyroiditis can be treated with amphotericin B and fluconazole.[2] Early treatment of AIT prevents further complications.