Some research shows that girls exhibit higher levels of distress than boys in relation to stressful situations and are considered at higher risk in situations of war and terror.[1] Other research has found that girls express more worry,[31] anxiety and depressive disorders,[32] and PTSD symptoms[33][5] while boys show more behavioural problems in the aftermath of a disaster.[12] However, pre-school girls exposed to earthquakes in Sultandagi (Turkey) displayed more problematic behaviours than boys in the same educational category.[12] Additionally, Wiest, Mocellin, and Motsisi[34] contend that young children, especially girls, may be vulnerable to sexual abuse and exploitation.