Quercus rotundifolia is native to most of the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal and Spain), but is also distributed throughout Morocco, especially in the Atlas Mountains, Algeria, Tunisia, southern France (Languedoc-Roussillon) and the Balearic Islands. It is present in continental, sub-continental or littoral Mediterranean areas but always in climatic conditions determined by a fairly hot and dry summer,[1] which excludes the wet, oceanic influenced climate of Green Spain and northwest Portugal, but wet winters as the tree is absent from arid climates, or with no real wet months like southeast Spain.[6] It grows in a variety of soils and is indifferent to edaphic conditions, persisting in soils with pH 6 to 8.[2] The tree is also associated in holm oak/Atlas cedar forests of the Atlas Mountains.