Some modern scholars such as W. E. B. Du Bois,[17] Chancellor Williams,[18] Cheikh Anta Diop,[19][20][21] John G. Jackson,[22] Ivan van Sertima,[23] Martin Bernal[24] and Segun Magbagbeola[25] have supported the theory that the Ancient Egyptian society was mostly Black.[26] The frequently criticized Journal of African Civilizations[27] has continually advocated that Egypt should be viewed as a Black civilization.[28][29] The debate was popularized throughout the 20th century by the aforementioned scholars, with many of them using the terms "Black", "African", and "Egyptian" interchangeably,[30] despite what Frank Snowden calls "copious ancient evidence to the contrary".[31][32] In the mid 20th century, the proponents of the Black African theory presented what G. Mokhtar referred to as "extensive" and "painstakingly researched" evidence[19][20][21][33][34] to support their views, which contrasted sharply with prevailing views on Ancient Egyptian society.