State Full name Capital Established Notes Anhalt Free State of Anhalt Freistaat Anhalt Dessau 1918 Merged into Saxony-Anhalt in 1945. Baden Republic of Baden Republik Baden Karlsruhe 1918 Split into Württemberg-Baden and South Baden in 1945. Bavaria Free State of Bavaria Freistaat Bayern Munich 1918 Brunswick Free State of Brunswick Freistaat Braunschweig Braunschweig 1918 Split and merged into Lower Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt in 1946.