In the 19th century, Pope Pius IX[3] and Pope Leo XIII both asked for it to be published. It was first published by Jacques Crétineau-Joly in his book L'Église romaine en face de la Révolution in 1859. It was popularised in the English speaking world by Monsignor George F. Dillon in 1885 with his book the War of Anti-Christ with the Church and Christian Civilization.[4]