Professor Arblaster worked as a senior research scientist from 2003 to 2016 in the climate change processes team at The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, which is a partnership between the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation and the Bureau of Meteorology. She still maintains her research collaborations with the climate change prediction group at the NCAR. In 2016, Professor Arblaster joined the School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia.