Excessive plaque formation can lead to severe inflammation of the gums which may result in the loss of teeth.[13] This plaque is also able to mineralize on the teeth, creating a crystallized calcium phosphate build up known as tartar.[14] Ingredients such as polyphosphate, zinc salts, and chlorhexidine have active properties to help prevent or reduce the formation of plaque and tartar.[13][15] These compounds are able to work on the whole mouth including between teeth and all the way up to the gum line, and is not limited to just the chewing contact surface area.[14]