In 2001, Berelowitz, one of the co-authors of the paper, said "I am certainly not aware of any convincing evidence for the hypothesis of a link between MMR and autism".[51] The Canadian Paediatric Society,[52] the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,[20] the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, [21] and the UK National Health Service[22] have all concluded that there is no link between the MMR vaccine and autism, and a 2011 journal article described the vaccine–autism connection as "the most damaging medical hoax of the last 100 years".[6]