Due to modern agriculture, most of the grassland habitats that sustain Boloria selene are fragmented or lost all together in favor of farmland.[3] Because of this, the small pearl-bordered fritillary has seen a serious drop in population across Europe,[3] in some places as much as 80%. Factors like limited habitat range, low dispersal rate, and strong food specialization also contribute to population loss. Despite modern conservation efforts, the number of small pearl-bordered fritillaries is still declining.