Analysis of water hardness in major Australian cities by the Australian Water Association shows a range from very soft (Melbourne) to very hard (Adelaide). Total Hardness levels of calcium carbonate in ppm are: Canberra: 40;[26] Melbourne: 10–26;[27] Sydney: 39.4–60.1;[28] Perth: 29–226;[29] Brisbane: 100;[30] Adelaide: 134–148;[31] Hobart: 5.8–34.4;[32] Darwin: 31.[33]