Siraj al-Muluk by Abu Bakr al-Turtushi, as well as the Al-Balawi Encyclopedia and the list of maqamat that replicated those of Al-Hariri of Basra, such as those of Ahmed bin Abd el-Mu'min of Jerez (1222). The Almohads encouraged religious and scientific composition: in the religious sciences, (1426) wrote at-Tuhfa () and wrote about language. The works of some writers, such as the grammarian Ibn Malik and Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati, reached the Mashreq and had an influence there.