Darius III's predecessor as Persian ruler was Artaxerxes IV (also known as Arses, r. 338–336 BC).[2] Johannes J.A. van Dijk suggested in 1962 that Nidin-Bêl was the regnal name used by Artaxerxes IV in Babylonia, but this hypothesis cannot be substantiated since no other sources in Akkadian refer to him by that name,[18] instead referring to him by the Akkadian rendering of Artaxerxes (Artakšatsu).[19] Several researchers, including A. Leo Oppenheim,[2] Matthew Stolper[18] and Yazdan Safaee[18] have concluded that Nidin-Bêl being the Babylonian regnal name of Artaxerxes is unlikely.