Browser security is the application of Internet security [1] to web browsers in order to protect networked data and computer systems from breaches of privacy or malware. Security exploits of browsers often use JavaScript - sometimes with cross-site scripting (XSS)[2] - sometimes with a secondary payload using Adobe Flash.[3] Security exploits can also take advantage of vulnerabilities (security holes) that are commonly exploited in all browsers (including Mozilla Firefox,[4] Google Chrome,[5] Opera,[6] Microsoft Internet Explorer,[7] and Safari[8]).