Geometric Algebra With Applications in Engineering. p. 83. ↑ "Dot Products and Projections". ↑ The second dot product, the square root and the division are not shown, but they are needed to compute; b ^ = b / | b | {\displaystyle \mathbf {\hat {b}} ={\mathbf {b} }/{|\mathbf {b} |}} (for more details, see the definition of Euclidean norm). ↑ M.J. Baker, 2012.