Common Name Arab League China[69] Taiwan[70] Official Name League of Arab States People's Republic of China Republic of China Flag Population 407,251,880 (2018) 1,403,500,365 (2017) 23,577,271 (2018) Area 13,953,041 km2 (5,382,910 sq mi) 9,640,821 km2 (3,704,427 sq mi ) 36,193 km2 (13,974 sq mi)[71] Population Density 24.33/km2 (63 /sq mi) 139.6/km2 (363.3/sq mi) 644/km2 (1,664/sq mi) Capital Cairo Beijing Taipei (de facto) Nanjing (de jure) Largest City Cairo - 19,500,000 (20,439,541 Metro) Shanghai - 19,210,000 Municipality New Taipei City - 3,935,072) Organization and Government Type regional organisation and Political union Unitary single-party socialist republic Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic Official languages Arabic Mandarin (Putonghua) Mandarin (Guoyu) Main Religions 91% Islam Sino-traditions, Buddhism, Taoism and alike combined (no exact criteria and hard to estimate) 35.1% Buddhism, 33.0% Taoist, 18.7% Non-religious, 3.9% Christianity, 3.5% Yiguandao (XTD), 2.4% Other, 2.2% Tiandism (XTD), 1.1% Miledadao (XTD), 0.8% Zailiism, 0.7% Xuanyuanism GDP (nominal) $6.484 trillion ($9,347 per capita) $13.118 trillion ($9,376 per capita) $566.757 billion ($24,027 per capita)