It has been hypothesized that NCA’s may be involved in how the very first polypeptides came to be.[1] Evidence has strongly suggested that NCA’s were used as an intermediary step as amino acids formed polypeptide structures. This phenomenon has been observed by multiple different research groups utilizing multiple different methods.[3][21] One of the most recent and strongest pieces of evidence supporting this is the observation that carbamoyl amino acids (CAAs) will easily react with NO/O2 gas mixtures and form an NCA intermediary.[3][21] CAAs have been shown to result from the reaction of regular amino acids with cyanate ions which is a prebiotic situation that is known to have occurred.[3][21] Thus, reacting CAAs with NO/O2 gas, which is known to have been present, to then form NCA’s is a valid scenario.[3] However, these methods only describe how short polypeptides can be developed. To begin and sustain life, it has been hypothesized that a polypeptide chain must be at least 60 peptides long.[22] Studies have shown the formation of NCA’s using previously described methods only produce peptides of roughly 10 or so monomers.[22] Since this is not sufficient to sustain life, research began into the possibility of natural solid supports.