The KIM was established in August 1959 by African members of the Legislative Council, and was led by Julius Gikonyo Kiano, Tom Mboya and Jaramogi Oginga Odinga.[1] Primarily a Kikuyu and Luo party,[2] its formation was a response to the establishment of the multiracial Kenya National Party,[1] and membership was restricted to Africans.[2] The two also differed on independence, with the KIM demanding it by 1961, whilst the KNP had settled on 1968.