Biblical scholars have studied inconsistencies in and between texts and canons as a means to study the bible and the societies that created and influenced it. The field has been given rise to theories such as Julius Wellhausen's[40] documentary hypothesis and the deuteronomistic history (concerning the origins of the Torah and the history of Israel contained in the books from Joshua to Kings respectively),[41] and similar theories to explain why the Synoptic Gospels disagree with each other, and with the Gospel of John.