In Europe, the first report of canine distemper occurred in Spain in 1761.[34] Edward Jenner described the disease in 1809,[34] but French veterinarian Henri Carré determined that the disease was caused by a virus in 1905.[34] Carré's findings were disputed by researchers in England until 1926, when Patrick Laidlaw and G.W. Dunkin confirmed that the disease was, in fact, caused by a virus.[34]