The number of women incarcerated in the United States has increased greatly over the last few decades,[specify] and at a faster rate than the number of incarcerated men.[1] Many of the same factors that increase women's likelihood of incarceration also put them at a higher risk for contracting HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections, and for having high-risk pregnancies.[2][3][4] The majority of incarcerated women are economically disadvantaged and poorly educated,[5] and have not had adequate access to preventive healthcare prior to their imprisonment,[2] such as Pap tests, STI screening, and pregnancy counseling.[6]