After the Banu Hilal invasion in 1057[1] and conquest of the Zirid dynasty, vassals of the Fatimids, the community's economic power began to decline. By the middle of the 11th century, the Kairouan yeshiva had lost its stature as a world center of Torah study and by 1160, after the invasion of the Almohads, there were no more mentions of Jews in the city,[3] as non-muslims were not allowed into the city until 1881, when Tunisia became a French protectorate.