The group concluded that, in order to minimise future atrocities, nations should agree a binding treaty, which would compel them to take disputes to arbitration, and provide sanctions against both signatories and non-signatories, to compel them to accept this arbitration. Some group members disagreed with these conclusions; for example, Arthur Ponsonby objected to all use of force, while John A. Hobson believed that any international organisation would be ineffective unless it had the power to reduce international inequalities.[1]