Barbiturates Benzylbutylbarbiturate Butalbital Amobarbital Pentobarbital Secobarbital Sodium thiopental Phenobarbital Benzodiazepines Clonazepam Diazepam Estazolam Flunitrazepam Lorazepam Midazolam Nitrazepam Oxazepam Triazolam Temazepam Chlordiazepoxide Alprazolam Clobazam Clorazepate Etizolam Nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics Eszopiclone Zaleplon Zolpidem Zopiclone Orexin antagonists Suvorexant First generation Antihistamines Diphenhydramine Dimenhydrinate Doxylamine Promethazine Hydroxyzine Brompheniramine Chlorpheniramine General Anesthetics Nitrous oxide Sevoflurane Halothane Xenon Enflurane Chloroform Isoflurane Methoxyflurane Desflurane Ethyl chloride Cyclopropane Chloral hydrate Ketamine Esketamine Etomidate Propofol Chlorobutanol Herbal sedatives Duboisia hopwoodii Chamomile Prostanthera striatiflora catnip Kava (Piper methysticum) valerian cannabis Passiflora spp.(passiflora incarnata) Physochlaina - notably P. infundibularis Validol Methaqualone and analogues Afloqualone Cloroqualone Diproqualone Etaqualone Methaqualone Methylmethaqualone Mebroqualone Mecloqualone Nitromethaqualone Skeletal Muscle Relaxants Baclofen Meprobamate Carisoprodol Cyclobenzaprine Metaxalone Methocarbamol Tizanidine Clonidine Chlorzoxazone Orphenadrine Gabapentin Pregabalin Opioids Tramadol Tapentadol Morphine Diamorphine Hydromorphone Oxymorphone Oxycodone Hydrocodone Methadone Propoxyphene Meperidine Fentanyl Codeine Carfentanil Remifentanil Alfentanil Sufentanil Opium Antidepressants Amitriptyline Trazodone Mirtazapine Doxepin Desipramine Imipramine Clomipramine Amoxapine Trimipramine Nortriptyline Nefazodone Antipsychotics Olanzapine Clozapine Thiothixene Haloperidol Fluphenazine Prochlorperazine Trifluoperazine Loxapine Quetiapine Asenapine Other 2-methyl-2-butanol (2M2B) Ethanol Glutethimide GHB Dextromethorphan Dexmedetomidine