In Nazi Germany, after the Nuremberg Laws were passed in 1935 sexual relations and marriages between Aryans and non-Aryans were prohibited.[note 1] Although the laws at first were primarily against Jews, they were later extended to the Romani, Blacks, and their offspring.[20][21] Persons accused of racial defilement were publicly humiliated by being paraded through the streets with placards around their necks proclaiming their crime.[22] Those convicted were sentenced to a period of time in a concentration camp.[4] As the laws themselves did not permit the death penalty for those charged with racial defilement, the jurisdiction bypassed this and summoned special courts to allow the death penalty for such cases.[23]