The relationship between Nazi Germany (1933–1945) and the leadership of the Arab world encompassed contempt, propaganda, collaboration and in some instances emulation.[1] Cooperative political and military relationships were founded on shared hostilities toward common enemies, such as British and French imperialism and colonialism,[1] communism, and Zionism.[1] Another key foundation of this collaboration was the anti-semitism of the Nazis, which was admired by some Arab and Muslim leaders, most notably Hajj Amin al-Husayni (see Antisemitism in Islam).