Two related cases brought forward by David Abrams of the Zionist Advocacy Center in the state of New York had previously been dismissed for "[demonstrating] neither injury nor standing to sue."[48] In both cases, Abrams alleged injury over ASA's refusal to let Israeli organizations become members. But in the first case Abrams' International Legal Forum didn't actually attempt to join ASA and in the second case his organization, Athenaeum Blue & White, incorporated on the same day he filed the lawsuit, successfully became a member.[2]