This, along with France's relatively limited contribution to the war effort thus far, meant that at least in the eyes of the ‘Big Three’, France no longer deserved, a place at the top table of the new international organization.[9] Furthermore, Roosevelt, the then-leader of the US, along with other high-ranking officials, was suspicious of Charles de Gaulle, the self-proclaimed leader of the Free French and thus hesitant to collaborate with him due to his Napoleonic traits.[8] France was hurt and humiliated by this exclusion especially considering its important role in establishing the League of Nations after WWI.[8] Whilst France wasn’t invited to forums such as Dumbarton Oaks Conference[10] in 1944 (where the USA, UK, USSR, and China deliberated over proposals for the functioning of what was to become the UN to present to the other 26 nations), and never formally consulted, they were nonetheless aware such planning was taking place.[8] British Prime Minister Winston Churchill urged American President Franklin Roosevelt to restore France to its status of a major power after the liberation of Paris in August 1944.