After the outbreak of World War I, public opinion in many countries demanded more open diplomacy.[12] After the October Revolution brought the Bolsheviks to power in Russia in November 1917, Leon Trotsky published the secret treaties that the Tsarist government had made with the Entente powers, including the Treaty of London and the Constantinople Agreement.[13] He proposed the abolition of secret diplomacy.[12][14][15] This move caused international embarrassment and "a strong, sustained reaction against secret diplomacy."[16]