Historical population Census Pop. %± 1800 8,144 — 1810 15,471 90.0% 1820 23,336 50.8% 1830 30,261 29.7% 1840 33,745 11.5% 1850 51,687 53.2% 1860 75,080 45.3% 1870 131,700 75.4% 1880 177,624 34.9% 1890 230,392 29.7% 1900 278,718 21.0% 1910 331,069 18.8% 1920 437,571 32.2% 1930 486,869 11.3% 1940 663,091 36.2% 1950 802,178 21.0% 1960 763,956 −4.8% 1970 756,510 −1.0% 1980 638,333 −15.6% 1990 606,900 −4.9% 2000 572,059 −5.7% 2010 601,723 5.2% Est.