The decision to participate in bourgeois elections led to another dilemma, according to Przeworski: given that manual workers were not the numerical majority in any European country, to win elections they had to choose whether or not to compromise their socialist principles and adopt a social democratic agenda to attract the support of allies, especially the middle class.[4] Such compromise had major consequences for socialist parties, including the withdrawal of support of workers,[5] the abandoning of extra-parliamentary tactics,[6] and progressively the defection from socialist policies when in power.[7]