More than 450 airlines publish in excess of more than 100 million airfares through the airline-owned airfare data base Airline Tariff Publishing Company (ATPCO) for onward distribution to Global Distribution Systems (GDSs) and third-party retailers.[2] ATPCO has been a critical component in airline distribution for more than 50 years. The process of filing fares is manual and requires data entry of fares, fare rules, price and taxes into the ATPCO database.