In 2015, Francis was criticized for supporting Chilean bishop Juan Barros, who was accused over covering up sex crimes committed against minors.[475] In February 2017, further criticism from clergy sex abuse survivors erupted when it was revealed that Francis had quietly made the Church-recommended sentence for clergy convicted of sex abuse a lifetime of prayer rather than a recommendation to serve time in jail.[476][477] In 2018, Francis acknowledged he had made "grave errors in judgment" about Barros, apologized to the victims and launched a Vatican investigation that resulted in all of Chile's active bishops offering to resign.