The largest components of expenditure are education (21.3% of government expenditure in 2007/08), social protection (21.1%) and healthcare (19%). There is no expenditure on defence.[3] In cash terms, expenditure has risen steeply: healthcare expenditure rose by a factor of 4.5 between 1999 and 2008, while social protection rose by a factor of 4 over the same period.[3]