1987 – José Mattoso, historian 1988 – António Ramos Rosa, poet 1989 – Maria João Pires, pianist 1990 – Menez, painter 1991 – Cláudio Torres, archaeologist 1992 – António Damásio and Hanna Damásio, neurophysiologists 1993 – Fernando Gil, philosopher and poet 1994 – Herberto Helder, poet – refused the award 1995 – Vasco Graça Moura, essayist 1996 – João Lobo Antunes, neurosurgeon 1997 – José Cardoso Pires, writer 1998 – Eduardo Souto de Moura, architect 1999 – Manuel Alegre, poet, and José Manuel Rodrigues, photographer 2000 – Emmanuel Nunes, composer 2001 – João Bénard da Costa, president of the Cinemateca Portuguesa—Museu do Cinema, and a film historian 2002 – Manuel Sobrinho Simões, researcher 2003 – José Gomes Canotilho, constitutionalist 2004 – Mário Cláudio, writer 2005 – Luís Miguel Cintra, actor and set designer 2006 – António Câmara, professor and founder of the YDreams IT firm 2007 – Irene Pimentel, historian 2008 – Carrilho da Graça, architect 2009 – Manuel Clemente, Catholic Church prelate 2010 – Maria do Carmo Fonseca, scientist and Professor of the School of Medicine of Santa Maria 2011 – Eduardo Lourenço, essayist 2012 – Richard Zenith, writer and translator 2013 – Maria Manuel Mota, scientist 2014 – Henrique Leitão, Physicist, Professor and researcher in the field of History of Sciences [2] 2015 – Rui Chafes, sculptor 2016 – Frederico Lourenço, writer and translator 2017 – Manuel Aires Mateus, architect 2018 – Miguel Bastos Araújo, geographer 2019 – Tiago Rodrigues, theatre director