The Yang di-Pertua Negeri (literally the "head of state" in Malay) is the official title of the ceremonial governors of the Malaysian states without monarchs (hereditary heads of state), namely Penang, Malacca, Sabah and Sarawak. They are appointed to renewable four-year terms by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Paramount Ruler, King), the federal head of state of Malaysia on the advice of the Prime Minister after consulting the state governments.[1] A Yang di-Pertua Negeri is entitled to the style Tuan Yang Terutama (T.Y.T.), or in English, His Excellency.