171, referred to in Daniel L. Akin, A Theology for the Church, p. 433 ↑ Tatha Wiley, "Original Sin: Origins, Developments, Contemporary Meanings (Mahwah, NJ: Paulist Press, 2002), 40–42. ↑ Peter C. Bouteneff, "Beginnings" (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2008), 79. ↑ Irenaeus, "Against Heresies", IV.39.