Neo-nationalism[1][2] or new nationalism[3][4] is a type of nationalism that rose in the mid-2010s in Europe and North America and to some degree in other regions. It is associated with several positions, such as right-wing populism,[5] anti-globalization,[6] nativism,[5] protectionism,[7] opposition to immigration,[2] opposition to Islam and Muslims,[8] Sinophobia, and Euroscepticism where applicable. According to one scholar, "nationalist resistance to global liberalism turned out to be the most influential force in Western politics" in 2016.[9] Particularly notable expressions of new nationalism include the vote for Brexit in the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum and the 2016 election of Donald Trump as the 45th President of the United States.[10][11][12]