Kurkar (Arabic: كركار‎ /Hebrew: כורכר‎) is the term used in Palestinian Arabic and modern Hebrew for the rock type of which lithified sea sand dunes consist. The equivalent term used in Lebanon is ramleh.[1][2] Kurkar is the regional name for an aeolian quartz sandstone with carbonate cement,[3] in other words an eolianite or a calcarenite (calcareous sandstone or grainstone), found on the Levantine coast of the Mediterranean Sea in Turkey,[3] Syria, Lebanon, Israel,[4] the Gaza Strip[5] and northern Sinai Peninsula.[6] The kurkar ridges are prevalent on Israel's coast from the area of Tel Aviv northwards.[4] South of Mount Carmel they form parallel alignments, the result of transgressive coastlines.[7] Kurkar is the product of windblown quartzitic sands which created dunes during the Pleistocene,[8] which were cemented by carbonates transforming them to sandstone (lithification process), forming successive ridges along the shore.