After the Cultural Revolution ended in 1976, Deng Xiaoping first proposed the idea of "Boluan Fanzheng" in September 1977.[1][10] With the help of his allies such as Hu Yaobang who later became the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), Deng was able to launch the program of Boluan Fanzheng and emerged as the de facto supreme leader of China in December 1978 during the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of CCP.[2][3][10][11][12] The Boluan Fanzheng period lasted until early 1980s, after which the primary focus of CCP and the Chinese government changed from "class struggles" to "economic construction" and "modernization".[13][14][15]