The figure was initially known in the United Kingdom as "Mr Chad" and would appear with the slogan "Wot, no sugar" or a similar phrase bemoaning shortages and rationing.[1][18] He often appeared with a single curling hair that resembled a question mark and with crosses in his eyes.[19] The phrase "Wot, no —?" pre-dates "Chad" and was widely used separately from the doodle.[8] Chad was used by the RAF and civilians; he was known in the Army as Private Snoops, and in the Navy he was called The Watcher.[20] Chad might have first been drawn by British cartoonist George Edward Chatterton in 1938. Chatterton was nicknamed "Chat", which may then have become "Chad."[1] Life Magazine wrote in 1946 that the RAF and Army were competing to claim him as their own invention, but they agreed that he had first appeared around 1944.[19] The character resembles Alice the Goon, a character in Popeye who first appeared in 1933,;[21] and another name for Chad was "The Goon".[19]