1947: Gerty Cori, first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine; she shared the prize with Carl Ferdinand Cori and Bernardo Alberto Houssay.[108][109] Although born in Prague, Gerty Cori is considered the first American woman to win a Nobel Prize in medicine.[110] She had become a U.S. citizen in 1928.[111] 1977: Barbara McClintock, first woman to win an unshared Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and since she was American, the first American woman to do so.[112] 2009: Elinor Ostrom, first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Economics, and since she was American, the first American woman to do so; she shared the prize with Oliver E. Williamson.[113]