Pyloroplasty is a surgery performed to widen the opening at the lower part of the stomach, also known as the pylorus.[1] When the pylorus thickens, it becomes difficult for food to pass through.[1] The surgery is performed to widen the band of muscle known as the pyloric sphincter, a ring of smooth, muscular fibers that surrounds the pylorus and helps to regulate digestion and prevent reflux (see illustration).