During the First World War, the German army ignored many of the commonly understood European conventions of war, when between August and October 1914,[lower-alpha 1] they deliberately killed some 6,500 French and Belgian citizens.[10] Throughout the war, Germany's integrated intelligence, perimeter police, guard network, and border control measures all coalesced to define the German military's security operations.[11] Along the Eastern Front sometime in August 1915, Field Marshal Falkenhayn established a general government over Congress Poland under General von Beseler, creating an infrastructure to support ongoing military operations, which included guards posts, patrols and a security network.