Afghanistan currently has about 60,000 hectares (150,000 acres) of areas cultivating grapes and excellent climate and terroir suitable for quality wine.[5] While the history of wine goes back much longer, viticulture seems to have been well established in parts of Afghanistan by at least the fourth century BC.[6] It is said that Babur, the first Mughal emperor, learned about wine in Kabul.[7] His autobiographical memoirs, the Baburnama, is said to mention especially neighboring Istalif (the name possibly derived from Greek staphile, grape), "with vineyards and orchards on either side of its torrent, its waters cold and pure".[7] The Mughal Empire received high quality wine from the Indus valley and Afghanistan.[8] Medieval times saw a comparably flourishing wine production, which was ended in the 18th century.[5] The 1960s saw trials to restart production, which was ended by the Taliban. Around 1969, a French survey estimated that (larger) vineyards covered about 37,500 hectare and 2% of the arable land.[9] The largest part of vineyards was close to Herat, Kandahar and Kabul; smaller areas have been found on the northern border.[9] The French survey has focused on the largest professional vineyards, but mentions grapes being grown in various gardens, even at 2,400 m altitude in Nuristan Province.[9] A 1968 estimate related to a local aid program came to 60,000 hectares (150,000 acres) overall.[10] By comparison, Austrian wine is grown in an area of about 51,000 hectares (130,000 acres).[11] The main current production is around Kabul and goes – for religious reasons – mostly into juice and raisins.