According to scholar-journalist Haris Zargar, the increasing radicalisation represented a counter-reaction to the shaping of the nationalist identity in India based on its rising middle class and Hindu nationalism. The rise of forceful Hindu nationalism affected how Kashmiri Muslims viewed the Indian state and reshaped their Kashmiri Muslim identity. The communal polarisation in India and the violence targeting Muslims are widely discussed in Kashmiri homes.[1][2][3]