Sochi is the only one that has ever hosted the Olympics among the three, hosting the 2014 Winter Olympics, and will also host the 2022 Special Olympics World Winter Games in Kazan. However, Russia was involved in a doping investigation for lying to WADA inspectors in January 2019, and World Athletics barred Russian athletes from competing under their banner, pressuring the IOC to do the same in Olympic events. On 26 November 2019, WADA asked the IOC to reject the bid as a punishment for doping sample manipulations made in January.