Initially numbering 2,700 men (and ultimately 4,250 in Poland),[13][16] the Einsatzgruppen's mission was to kill members of the Polish leadership most clearly identified with Polish national identity: the intelligentsia, members of the clergy, teachers, and members of the nobility.[10][17] As stated by Hitler: "... there must be no Polish leaders; where Polish leaders exist they must be killed, however harsh that sounds".[18] SS-Brigadeführer Lothar Beutel, commander of Einsatzgruppe IV, later testified that Heydrich gave the order for these killings at a series of meetings in mid-August.[19] The Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen — lists of people to be killed — had been drawn up by the SS as early as May 1939, using dossiers collected by the SD from 1936 forward.[10][20] The Einsatzgruppen performed these murders with the support of the Volksdeutscher Selbstschutz, a paramilitary group consisting of ethnic Germans living in Poland.[21] Members of the SS, the Wehrmacht, and the Ordnungspolizei also shot civilians during the Polish campaign.[22] Approximately 65,000 civilians were killed by the end of 1939.