after having already been guilty of serious foul play, violent conduct or a second cautionable offence, a player challenges or interferes with an opponent while the referee is playing advantage (unless another more serious offence was committed)[17] an offence committed outside the field of play by a player against a player, substitute, substituted player or team official of their own team[11] the player taking a kick-off, free kick, penalty kick, throw-in, goal kick, or corner kick touches the ball a second time before it has been touched by another player (unless the second touch is a handball offence punishable by a direct free kick / penalty kick)[18] when a free kick is taken, an attacking player is less than 1 m (1 yard) from a "wall" formed by three or more defending players[19] a penalty kick is kicked backwards[20] the kicker taking a penalty kick feints once the run-up has been completed[21] a team-mate of the identified player takes a penalty kick[20] at a penalty kick, both the kicker and goalkeeper commit an offence at the same time, and the kick is scored (the goal is disallowed, and the indirect free kick is awarded to the defending team)[21] at a penalty kick, an attacking player encroaches, and the ball does not enter the goal[20] at a throw-in, an opponent unfairly distracts or impedes the thrower, or is closer than 2 metres to the place where the throw-in is to be taken, and play is stopped after the throw-in has been taken[22] a player who requires the referee's permission to re-enter the field of play re-enters without the referee's permission, but does not interfere with play, and the referee decides to stop play to deal with the offence[8] any other offence for which play is stopped to caution or send off a player[9]