The result must be preposterous, one that "no reasonable person could intend"'.[46][47] Moreover, the avoidance applies only when 'it is quite impossible that Congress could have intended the result... and where the alleged absurdity is so clear as to be obvious to most anyone'.[48] 'To justify a departure from the letter of the law upon that ground, the absurdity must be so gross as to shock the general moral or common sense',[49] with an outcome 'so contrary to perceived social values that Congress could not have "intended" it'.[50]