At the age of 18, his family moved to Lucknow where he joined the seminary of Firangi Mahal. Soon he developed doubts about the teachings of Sunni Islam and philosophy and moved out of the seminary, and started to research on his own. He then converted to Shia Islam and studied modern science and astronomy of his age.[1] He had learned pseudo-scientific philosophy of Mulla Sadra in Firangi Mahal,[2] but moved on.