The partition of India took place on August 14, 1947 dividing the provinces of Bengal (with East Pakistan, now Bangladesh) and Punjab (with West Pakistan, now Pakistan proper) to create a separate nation as outlined by the Pakistan Movement, which advocated the "Two-Nation Theory" - that Muslims and Hindus cannot sustain a nation together properly because of religious difference.[1] The partition provoked great communal conflicts and disputes over the territory of Kashmir (a former princely state under the British Raj) invoked hostilities between the two neighbouring countries. India and Pakistan have since their independence engaged in four armed conflicts against each other (1947, 1965, 1971, 1999), all of them stemming from their disputes in Kashmir with the exception of the war in 1971. However, some diplomatic efforts have succeeded in promoting bilateral trade and sports events between the two nations as well as permitting Indians and Pakistanis to peacefully cross the border and visit through services provided by the Samjhauta Express and the Delhi-Lahore Bus.