Communism in the Arab East: 1918–28. London: Ithaca Press, 1980. Muqaddimah fī at-tārīkh al-ākhar: Naḥ̣ḥwa qirāʾah jadīdah l-il-riwāyah al-Islāmiyyah [An Introduction to the other history: Towards a new reading of Islamic tradition].