Israel's Channel 2 was operated by the Second Authority for Television and Radio, but was programmed by two rotating companies, Keshet Media Group and Reshet. As part of a larger series of reforms to Israel's broadcast system to increase diversity and competition, Channel 2 was shut down, and both concessionaires were granted their own, standalone channels; Keshet 12 officially launched on 1 November 2017, alongside Reshet 13. Programs were divided among the two channels.[1][2] The Israel Television News Company continued to provide news programmes for both channels, with the main primetime bulletin simulcast by both channels, until 16 January 2019 when HaHadashot 12 was established after the merger of Reshet 13 and Channel 10.[3]