Radio drama traces its roots back to the 1880s: "In 1881 French engineer Clement Ader had filed a patent for ‘improvements of Telephone Equipment in Theatres’" (Théâtrophone).[6] English-language radio drama seems to have started in the United States.[7] A Rural Line on Education, a brief sketch specifically written for radio, aired on Pittsburgh's KDKA in 1921, according to historian Bill Jaker.[8] Newspaper accounts of the era report on a number of other drama experiments by America's commercial radio stations: KYW broadcast a season of complete operas from Chicago starting in November 1921.[9] In February 1922, entire Broadway musical comedies with the original casts aired from WJZ's Newark studios.[10] Actors Grace George and Herbert Hayes performed an entire play from a San Francisco station in the summer of 1922.[11]