Research has found that Republicans who voted for the repeal of the Affordable Care Act got lower vote shares in the 2018 election.[165] Studies also show that Trump's implementation of tariffs that adversely affected the U.S. economy adversely affected Republican outcomes in the 2018 election.[166][167][168] Racism and sexism was a stronger predictor of the vote in the House than it had been in the 2016 election, as less sexist and less racist voters switched from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party.[169]