The Siege of Purandhar occurred in the summer of 1665 and was initiated by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, after the Maratha leader, Chhatrapati Shivaji, sacked the Mughal imperial port city of Surat. Shivaji continued to raid Aurangabad and attacked Mughal ships in the Indian Ocean. In response, Aurangzeb sent one of his most experienced commander Mirza Raja Jai Singh.