On 10 November the Portuguese left Angola in accordance with the Alvor Agreement. Cuban-MPLA forces defeated South African-FNLA forces, maintaining control over Luanda. On 11 November, Neto declared the independence of the People's Republic of Angola.[1] The FNLA and the UNITA responded by proclaiming their own government, based in Huambo.[2] By mid-November, the Huambo government had control over southern Angola and began pushing north.[3]