Devra Gail Kleiman (November 15, 1942 – April 29, 2010) was an American biologist who helped create the field of conservation biology.[1] She is known for her work to conserve endangered species, especially the golden lion tamarin of Brazil.[2] Her efforts to use zoos to manage genetics of rare species was "one of the greatest success stories in the history of modern zoos," according to Steven Monfort, director of the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute.[1] She is also known for her efforts to breed pandas at the National Zoo.