Bolivia destroys the myth that Third World countries are too poor to be green, and casts serious doubt on the famous “environmental Kuznets Curve” – the theory that environmental quality correlates with wealth. Bolivia’s track record is remarkable: the world’s first debt-for-nature swap; the world’s largest protected dry tropical forest; experimental Indian park management; a rapidly growing protected-areas system; a National Environmental Fund; a world leader in international efforts to protect the endangered vicuna; progressive forestry legislation; a national biodiversity conservation agency; and a total ban on trade in domestic species.