Prior to this, a preparatory meeting was organised on 4 and 5 October 2007 where the course manager, project coordinator and project assistant, together with the organisers from France and experts from Spain and the United Kingdom, planned and prepared the seminar programme and discussed logistics. e seminar was organised by the Directorate for Training of the National Police (France) with a team headed by Emile Perez, assisted by Jean Marc Milliot, Head of the International Relations Unit, and with the practical support from Pascale Alisse and Olivier Pic.