Make use of the article to answer the questions.

The term Carnival is traditionally used in areas with a large Catholic presence. However, the Philippines, a predominantly Roman Catholic country, does not celebrate Carnival anymore since the dissolution of the Manila Carnival after 1939, the last carnival in the country. In historically Lutheran countries, the celebration is known as Fastelavn, and in areas with a high concentration of Anglicans and Methodists, pre-Lenten celebrations, along with penitential observances, occur on Shrove Tuesday. In Eastern Orthodox nations, Maslenitsa is celebrated during the last week before Great Lent. In German-speaking Europe and the Netherlands, the Carnival season traditionally opens on 11/11 (often at 11:11 a.m.). This dates back to celebrations before the Advent season or with harvest celebrations of St. Martin's Day. 

Traditionally a carnival feast was the last opportunity to eat well before the time of food shortage at the end of the winter during which one was limited to the minimum necessary. On what nowadays is called vastenavond (the days before fasting) all the remaining winter stores of lard, butter and meat which were left would be eaten, for it would soon start to rot and decay. The selected livestock had in fact already been slaughtered in November and the meat would be no longer preservable. All the food that had survived the winter had to be eaten to assure that everyone was fed enough to survive until the coming spring would provide new food sources.

1. What is a carnival feast?
2. Why would they need to do this?
3. when is there likely to be a shortage?
4. what is vastenavond
5. what types of foods were consumed
6. Which countries celebrate Carnival
7. Do the Phillipines celebrate?
8. When did they stop?
9. What was the last carnival there called?
10. What do Lutheran countries call it?
11. what is Shrove Tuesday?
12. When does the carnival season traditionally start?
13. What does it coincide with?
14. How did they get meat?
15. When did they do that?
16. Why did they have to eat it quickly?
17. When would they get abundant food sources again?
18. Where is the term Carnival most recognized from?
19. Was the Phillipines Catholic
20. What time do people generally start celebrating Carnival

Numbered answers:
1. an opportunity to eat well
2. before a food shortage
3. the end of the winter
4. the days before fasting
5. lard, butter and meat
6. Eastern Orthodox nations
7. no
8. after 1939
9. Manila Carnival
10. Fastelavn
11. unknown
12. on 11/11
13. harvest celebrations
14. slaughtered livestock
15. in November
16. it would rot
17. spring
18. areas with a large Catholic presence
19. yes
20. at 11:11 a.m.