Read the text and answer the questions.

Marxism is a form of socioeconomic analysis that explores class relations and societal conflict using a materialist interpretation of historical development and a dialectical view of social transformation – it originates from the mid-to-late 19th century works of German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. 

Marxist methodology originally used a method of economic and sociopolitical inquiry known as historical materialism to analyze and critique the development of capitalism and the role of class struggle in systemic economic change. According to Marxist perspective, class conflict within capitalism arises due to intensifying contradictions between the highly productive mechanized and socialized production performed by the proletariat and the private ownership and appropriation of the surplus product (profit) by a small minority of the population who are private owners called the bourgeoisie. The contradiction between the forces and relations of production intensifies leading to crisis. The haute bourgeoisie and its managerial proxies are unable to manage the intensifying alienation of labor which the proletariat experiences, albeit with varying degrees of class consciousness, until social revolution ultimately results. The eventual long-term outcome of this revolution would be the establishment of socialism – a socioeconomic system based on social ownership of the means of production, distribution based on one's contribution and production organized directly for use. As the productive forces and technology continued to advance, Marx hypothesized that socialism would eventually give way to a communist stage of social development, which would be a classless, stateless, humane society erected on common ownership and the principle: "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs".

1. What kind of inquiry was originally used by Marxism?
2. To do what?
3. What did it evaluate?
4. When did it originate?
5. Where ustralian philosophers responsible for the theory?
6. Which two philosophers are?
7. And the other?
8. Where are they from?
9. What are the private owners called?
10. Who provides the labor force?
11. What does tension between these two groups result in?
12. What eventually happens due to the disagreement between them?
13. And what occurs as a result of this?
14. Is that a form of economic system?
15. What is it rooted in?
16. Of what?
17. What quote from Marx is given in the passage?
18. How is how much a person is given decided?
19. What is another term for appropriation of the surplus product?
20. What view of social transformation is described?

Numbered answers:
1. historical materialism
2. to analyze
3. capitalism
4. from the mid-to-late 19th century
5. No
6. One was Karl Marx
7. Friedrich Engels
8. Germany
9. the bourgeoisie
10. the proletariat
11. class conflict
12. social revolution
13. the establishment of socialism
14. Yes
15. social ownership
16. the means of production
17. "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs"
18. it's based on one's contribution
19. profit
20. a dialectical view