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This test requires you to provide a stool sample so your doctor can test for small amounts of blood in your feces. Depending on which type of FOBT you undergo, you may need to avoid certain foods before getting the test. Your doctor can outline the details of the test and any steps you need to take before you provide a sample. Your sample will then be sent to a lab for testing and your doctor will receive the results of the test in a few weeks. For this exam, your doctor will exam your rectum and abdominal for any lumps. If they notice any lumps, they may perform a more detailed test like a sigmoidoscopy or a colonoscopy. You may find getting this test done a bit uncomfortable but your doctor should walk you through the exam and make you feel at ease. The DRE usually takes no longer than a few minutes to complete. This procedure uses a sigmoidoscope, a flexible tube with a lens, to look into your rectum and colon lining. The sigmoidoscope will need to be inserted into your anus, so your lower colon must be cleared of stool beforehand. You are not usually sedated when undergoing this procedure, though you can ask your doctor to do so if you’d prefer. A colonoscopy is done by inserting a colonoscope, a flexible tube with a lens, into your anus so your doctor can check your rectum and colon. Your doctor can also remove any abnormal growths in your colon, upper colon, or rectum for further testing.  You are usually under sedation during the colonoscopy to ensure you do not experience any pain or discomfort. Your doctor will recommend that you do a deep cleanse of your colon before the test. Make sure you prepare properly for the colonoscopy so it goes well. A virtual colonoscopy uses x-ray equipment and a CT scanner to take pictures of your colon and rectum form outside your body. This screening method may be a good option if you’d do not want have to have a standard colonoscopy or you cannot have one due to other health issues.  You will still need to do a thorough cleanse of your colon before the test for it to work. If any abnormal growths are found during the virtual colonoscopy, your doctor will have to perform a standard one to remove them. Some healthcare providers do not cover the cost of a virtual colonoscopy. Check with your insurance provider before you get this test done if you are worried about the cost. This screening option requires you to take an enema with a barium solution. The solution will help to outline your colon and rectum when you undergo an x-ray. This option is not as detailed as a colonoscopy but it can be ideal if you have medical issues that prevent you from having a colonoscopy.

Summary:
Get a fecal occult blood test (FOBT). Have a digital rectal exam (DRE). Allow your doctor to do a sigmoidoscopy. Let your doctor perform a colonoscopy. Try a virtual colonoscopy for a less invasive option. Get a double-contrast barium enema if you cannot get a colonoscopy.