Article: Hajime means begin, and matte means wait. Soremade means the match is over, sonomama means freeze, and yoshi means continue.   Matches are watched by one referee inside the contest area and two judges on diagonal corners outside the contest area, with decisions made by a majority of three.  A penalty of hansoku make means an automatic loss. Foul language, foul body gestures, attacking joints other than elbows, punching, kicking, touching an opponent’s face, or causing intentional injuries are all forbidden in judo. You bow when entering the competition area, again when arriving at the edge of the contest area on your side (blue or white), and a last time when you proceed to your line and face your opponent.  Each match will last five minutes.  The outside of the contest area is denoted by red mats. Ippon can be earned by getting your opponent to say maitta (I give up), or keeping your opponent restrained for 25 seconds after the referee calls osaekomi. To score ippon on a throw you must fulfill three elements: be in control, as you throw your opponent on their back, all with considerable force and speed.   Osaekomi is announced when a contestant controls an opponent by getting their back, both shoulders, or one shoulder in contact with the mat. Two waza-ari’s, or one waza-ari and three minor penalties for the opponent, are also equivalent to ippon. A waza-ari is a half point. Holding your opponent with osaekomi-waza for more than 20, but less than 25 seconds also qualifies. If your opponent is penalized shido three times, this will equal a waza-ari for you.  Shidos are minor violations such as stalling or prolonged periods of non-agression. You will be awarded yuko if you lacked two elements in the throw for a call of ippon. This can also be given for holding your opponent with osaekomi-waza for 15-20 seconds, or for your opponent being penalized shido two times. Bow outside the edge of the red area and exit the way you came. The winner is the contestant (judoka) who scores the most points with the highest value. If the score is even by the end of the match, the timer will reset for the Golden Score period and the first contestant to score a point wins. If nobody scores by the end of the Golden Score period, the referee and judges will signal their choice for winner by raising a blue or white flag corresponding to the sashes worn by the judokas.
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Follow referee instructions. Remember you must bow three times before a match begins. Score an ippon, which is a full point, to immediately end the match. Earn a waza-ari by performing a throw that lacks one element for ippon. Achieve a yuko through a partially successful throw. Leave the competition area by bowing one last time.