Now, in this lecture, I'd like to focus on two important questions. Question number one how does the movement of the protons across ATP synthase actually help us generate those ATP molecules? And question number two is how many protons, how many hydrogen ions actually have to move through ATP synthase to actually generate a single ATP molecule? And to answer these two important questions we actually have to describe the mechanism of the F zero region of ATP synthase. So remember, the ATP synthase consists of two different regions. One of the regions is known as the f one region.