And this ability to form these turns is known as beta turning. And these turns themselves are known as beta turns or reverse turns. So the compact nature of proteins is in part due to the polypeptide's ability to make these sudden turns known as the beta turns. Now, in the same way that the alpha helix and the beta pleated sheet are stabilized by hydrogen bonds, these abrupt turns are also stabilized by h bonds. And to see what we mean, let's take a look at the following diagram. So, let's suppose we have polypeptide that runs eventually turns in a following direction.