For instance, an example of such an infection is streptococcal infections that take place, for example, in our throat. So for instance, streptococcal infections can produce antigens that have similar epitopes compared to self antigens found in our heart. This can lead to a condition an autoimmune disease known as Rheumatic heart disease. Now, an epitope is basically a special sequence on that antigen that binds onto our antibody. So when an individual is infected by a pathogen that pathogen may contain or produce antigens that resemble the self antigens of the healthy cells of our body. When the pathogenic antigens induced the immune system to produce antibodies the antibodies not only bind on the pathogenic antigen but because of the resemblance they also bind onto our self antigens.