So in fact, as soon as this pathway is activated, it also activates many different types of phosphatases. And what phosphatases do is they essentially remove us four groups that were attached by protein kinases. So for instance, we have the Rat, the Mechs, the Irks, and these two structures that act as protein kinases in this particular case. And what the phosphatases do is they essentially move onto the target proteins and they remove those phosphoryl groups that were placed by all these different protein kinases. For instance, these phosphatases can remove these phosphoryl groups here and that essentially inactivates this part of the pathway and so it cannot continue and as a result it is shut down. And so anywhere I have an asterisk, that basically means we're dealing with a protein kinase.