Now, voltage gated and ligand gate on channels connect the cytoplasm of a cell to the outside extracellular environment. But we see that these gap junctions actually connect two adjacent cells. And more specific, they transverse the membrane of these two adjacent cells and they connect the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of that contiguous adjacent cell. So gap junctions transverse two membranes of contiguous cells. That simply means the cells are very close in proximity, closely packed to one another, and they connect the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of the adjacent cell. And this can be seen in the following diagram.