Now, what about these other upstream promoters? So these are known as the upstream promoters. What's so special about the upstream promoters? Well, these are also segments of DNA that allow the binding of different types of regulatory proteins. So they can either be proteins that activate transcription or proteins that repress transcription, inhibit transcription from taking place. Now, unlike the core promoter, which doesn't really change when we go from one eukaryotic gene to another, we see that the number and the types of upstream promoters do vary between different types of eukaryotic genes.