So we said that enzymes are these biological catalysts that speed up the rates of all different types of reactions that take place inside ourselves. And we said that the way that they achieve this is by basically binding that substrate muscle molecule into a special environment we call the active side. And inside the active side, there's a conformational change that takes place and that stabilizes not only the substrate molecule, but it also stabilizes the transition state in that particular reaction. And by stabilizing the transition state, that releases a certain amount of binding energy into the environment and that decreases the energy of that transition state. It lowers the energy of the transition state and that's what lowers the activation energy. And by lowering the activation energy, we speed up the rate of that particular reaction.