Now, generally speaking, why would ourselves want to modify sugar molecules? Well, by modifying sugar molecules, the cells can actually change and alter the properties and the functionalities of sugar molecules. And this is crucial in many different processes that take place inside our body. And one very important process in which we modify sugar molecules is in the process of glucose metabolism, as we'll see briefly in just a moment. So there are two modifications of sugars that we're going to focus on in this lecture. We're going to begin by discussing phosphorylation of sugars and then we're going to move on to glycosidation of sugars.