In this diagram, this is the abnormal beta subunit of the hemoglobin molecule. And instead of having glutamate, we now have Valene. Now, the problem with this is valine is nonpolar, and it doesn't want to interact with the polar water molecules. So what that means is if it comes in close proximity to some type of nonpolar molecule, it will react with that molecule and interact with that molecule via electrostatic interactions. And what happens is if this abnormal beta subunit of one hemoglobin molecule comes in close proximity with the beta subunit of an adjacent deoxy hemoglobin molecule, there are two amino acids, nonpolar amino acids that the valine can interact with. We have valine 88 or a phenylalanine 85.