We also actually abstract two electrons from the pyruvate. And those two electrons are picked up by the nicotine and nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide molecule to form NADH. And so this is the net process that we call pyruvate carboxylation. So this irreversible reaction prepares the pyruvate for the citric acid cycle. It releases the carbon dioxide and abstracts a pair of high energy electrons that are carried by the NAD that are incent, that are ultimately used by the electron transport chain to actually generate ATP molecules, as we'll discuss in a future lecture. Now, although this net reaction looks simple, it's not actually that simple.