So the thing about this unmodified z glucose molecule is that it contains an aldehyde group when the glucose exists in its open chain form and the aldehyde group is reactive when in the presence of oxidizing agents. And when that happens, when we'll have some type of oxidizing agent in the presence of the unmodified glucose in its open chain form, will transform that glucose into a carboxylic acid. And such sugar molecules, unmodified sugar molecules that can basically react with oxidizing agents to form the carboxylic acids, these are known as reducing sugars because they act as reducing agents. Now, under certain circumstances, our cells don't actually want this reaction to take place. And what our cells do is they essentially remove that aldehyde group by reacting it in the process we call glycosidation, which basically transforms that glucose molecule into a glycoside. So what happens is we can basically undergo the process in the presence of alcohol.