And so what these do is they stimulate the breakdown of Glycogen and they stimulate the contraction of those smooth muscles which also depend on ATP to basically contract. Now, in the case of insulin signaling, we said that insulin signaling is basically used once we ingest a carbohydrate rich meal. So once we ingest all these carbohydrates, the glucose concentration in our blood plasma increases. And we want to use the insulin signaling pathway to basically allow the uptake of the glucose into the cells and then allow the transformation of glucose into Glycogen. And so that's exactly what insulin signaling pathway actually does. And to accomplish this, we basically use four important types of kinases.