So let's move on to transformation. So, transformation is basically a type of genetic recombination process in which our cell takes up DNA fragments from the outside of that cell's environment and brings it into the cell and then integrates that fragment of DNA into its own DNA. And this transforms our cell into a genetically different cell. Now, one common example of transformation is the following. Basically, we take a cell or we take a bacterial cell that contains the genes that are harmful to eukaryotic cells. So we kill off those harmful bacterial cells, and then we bring those harmful bacterial cells that are dead next to living bacterial cells that are living but which are harmful.