It also will increase the risk of bacterial and pathogenic infection because remember, the immune system of our body uses the cardiovascular system to transport the different types of antibodies and immune cells throughout our system. And so if our blood flow is poor, what that means is there is a decrease in the ability of that immune system to actually carry out its response. So once again, individuals with sickle cell anemia have abnormal hemoglobin molecules. The hemoglobin molecules are the hemoglobin molecules in their deoxygenated state and we'll discuss why that. So in just a moment begin to aggregate with one another to form long sickle shape fibers. And this in turn transforms the health feed normal by concave shape of the red blood cells into the sickle shape as shown in this diagram.