So the movement of the protons through this ATP synthase rotates the Ce ring and that in turn rotates the gamma epsilon stock but everything else actually remains stationary. So now we basically answered question one. So now we know how the movement of the protons across ATP synthase actually allows it to generate the ATP molecules. So once again, it's the movement of these hydrogen ions through the half channels of the f zero region that allows the rotation of the searing and that intern rotates that gamma epsilon stalk and that powers the synthesis of the ATP molecules within the stationary alpha three beta three hexamer structure. The final question is how many protons actually have to move across the inner membrane of the mitochondria to synthesize a single ATP molecule? Well, as we saw in the previous lecture, a rotation of 360 degrees of the gamma epsilon structure actually produces a total of three ATP molecules.