We take a test tube and we place the cells inside the test tube as shown in the following diagram. And then we expose the cells to some type of grinding or mixing process. And what that does is it breaks down and ruptures the cell membranes of the cells, exposing all the different types of components and mixing all these different types of components found inside the cells. For example, we have the nuclei, we have dorogynalle such as mitochondria, we have the ribosomes and so forth, all these different things mixed in inside our test tube. And this is called a homogeneous. Now once we form the homogeneous, we now expose the homogeneous to a process known as differential centrifugation and we conduct several centrifugation processes as we'll see in just a moment.