And once the exonuclease removes these two portions, we can remove that exonuclease, remove these two tiny portions and then add DNA ligase to basically create that phosphodiasta bond between these two ends that now don't have these green sections. And so now we contain this new gene sequence, this new gene that now contains this new DNA sequence. And now we can add it into our bacterial cells and once again it can synthesize the protein that the plasmid actually codes for. So this is how we delete segments of DNA in our plasmid. Now, what about if we want to insert a segment of DNA into our plasma? How can we go about inserting DNA segments?