Speaking for the UK, if we served a dessert looking like that, it would probably be a chocolate mousse (although this seems to have been piped into the dish, which isn't what you'd normally do with mousse).
However, I don't know enough about US pudding to know whether that dessert pictured
actually is something we'd call a chocolate mousse, or just looks like it.
A quick search for a US recipe for chocolate pudding yields something that probably isn't a mousse since it doesn't seem to have much air whipped into it.
Maybe it does from the boiling milk, but a typical UK home-made mousse you'd whip egg-whites then fold them into your chocolate (whereas chocolate mousse bought in a pot from a shop
almost always has gelatine, I assume because it has to stay fluffy a lot longer).
There is such a thing as custard, and it can be (rarely) flavoured with chocolate, but if your pudding doesn't have eggs in it then it pretty much isn't custard.
Anyway "chocolate custard" certainly isn't a common dessert here.
Based on the recipe I found, we might call it "chocolate sauce" and wonder why it's being served on its own!
So I suspect the problem is you're asking for the UK name for something that isn't typically served here, and doesn't really have a UK name.
ell.stackexchange.com/users/4535/Steve Jessop
I'm a Brit that's spent a number of years in the US.
There's no direct analogue.
But, if you want to describe it, remember, context is everything.
Just as dessert is the name of the 'sweet course of a meal' in the US, you can get things with the name dessert in them and not be confused.
Likewise with pudding .
Plus, in British English pudding isn't even a generic name for 'sweet things' in all contexts (because you'll be really surprised when you take a bite of steak+kidney pudding) but is actually a reference to a shape, specifically the 'pudding bowl' (and hence leading to the name 'pudding bowl haircut')
Just call it what it is, 'chocolate pudding'.
Anyone who knows what it is, will know, and anyone who doesn't, won't— whatever the name.
ell.stackexchange.com/users/16297/KTetch Dureek
Quoting from Wikipedia : In Commonwealth countries these [North American] puddings are called custards (or curds) if they are egg-thickened, blancmange if starch-thickened, and jelly if gelatin based.
Pudding may also refer to other dishes such as bread and rice pudding, although typically these names derive from the origin as British dishes.
Gelatin pudding is very common in the US.
Anything you buy at a grocery store or make from a boxed mix will most likely be gelatin.
Egg-thickened custards are higher-quality but more difficult to make.
ell.stackexchange.com/users/11319/Adam Haun
If it's a pudding made from milk, corn starch and flavourings mixed together and whisked, then the British equivalent is Angel Delight .
(This is a brand name, but it's synonymous with the dessert in the same way as Hoover is with vacuum cleaners.)
If the same ingredients are cooked and then cooled, then it's flavoured custard.
Egg-free custard made from corn starch, milk and flavourings is very popular in the UK.
Individual pots of chocolate custard do exist, although they're not as popular as American pudding seems to be.
Ambrosia is a popular brand .
ell.stackexchange.com/users/12600/ssav
I think is it 'vla' ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vla ) although probable no one will use that word ;)
ell.stackexchange.com/users/5418/RobAu
A chocolate mousse is a hybrid of a pudding & a flavored whipped cream served on it's own rather than as a topping.
Pudding in the US is milk mixed with cornstarch, gelatin, sugar, & flavoring, & often requires no cooking.
Custard is the most like pudding in consistency, but made with eggs.
Blancmange & Flan/
Pudim are technically Jellos/Gelatins made with milk & eggs.
They're too stiff & jiggly to be puddings.
European puddings would confuse Americans.
A Rolly Poly Pudding there is a Swiss Roll Cake here, a Yorkshire Pudding
there is a hollow biscuit here, a Kugel there is a casserole here, a Boudin & Kishka there is sausage here, Cheese Pudding there is Sweetened Ricotta here, Groaty Dick there would be an unsweetened hot breakfast cereal here,
Pease Pudding/Pottage there is Split Pea Soup here,
Toad in the Hole
there is a deconstructed Corndog here
, Spotted Dick there is Fruitcake made with lard here, Figgy Duff there is "Brown Bread in a Can" here (love that stuff), Sussex Pond Pudding there is basically a doughnut with a fruit filling made with lard.
ell.stackexchange.com/users/21066/Jill Sandwich
I think the word  pudding  is used mostly as a general name for sweet dishes in the UK, whilst in the US it is a specific dessert. What do the British people call it? It looks delicious innit?
What do the British call the dish which is called 'pudding' in the US
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ell.stackexchange.com/users/11631/Mrt
In the UK, if we served a dessert looking like that, it would probably  be  a chocolate mousse (although this seems to have been piped into the dish, which isn't what you'd normally do with mousse).  There's no direct analogue. There is no direct analogue, the closest-looking equivalent is a chocolate mousse.
There is no direct analogue, the closest-looking equivalent is a chocolate mousse.