### Question
How is the "refined coal" defined?


### Answer
The term **refined coal** is defined in *26 U.S.C. § 45* as follows -

> a fuel which—


(i) is a liquid, gaseous, or solid synthetic fuel produced from coal (including lignite) or high carbon fly ash, including such fuel used as a feedstock,


(ii) is sold by the taxpayer with the reasonable expectation that it will be used for [2](#45_2_target) purpose of producing steam,


(iii) is certified by the taxpayer as resulting (when used in the production of steam) in a qualified emission reduction, and


(iv) is produced in such a manner as to result in an increase of at least 50 percent in the market value of the refined coal (excluding any increase caused by materials combined or added during the production process), as compared to the value of the feedstock coal

#### Citation:
  - *26 U.S.C. § 45*
  - Heading: **Subtitle A-Income Taxes > CHAPTER 1-NORMAL TAXES AND SURTAXES > Subchapter A-Determination of Tax Liability > PART IV-CREDITS AGAINST TAX > Subpart D-Business Related Credits**

