### Question
What does independent expenditure mean?


### Answer
**Independent expenditure** has the following meaning in *52 U.S.C. § 30101*:

> an expenditure by a person—


(A) expressly advocating the election or defeat of a clearly identified candidate

#### Citation:
  - *52 U.S.C. § 30101*
  - Heading: **Subtitle III-Federal Campaign Finance > CHAPTER 301-FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS > SUBCHAPTER I-DISCLOSURE OF FEDERAL CAMPAIGN FUNDS**

