### Question
How is the "joint newspaper operating arrangement" defined?


### Answer
The term **joint newspaper operating arrangement** is defined in *15 U.S.C. § 1802* as follows -

> any contract, agreement, joint venture (whether or not incorporated), or other arrangement entered into by two or more newspaper owners for the publication of two or more newspaper publications, pursuant to which joint or common production facilities are established or operated and joint or unified action is taken or agreed to be taken with respect to any one or more of the following: printing

#### Citation:
  - *15 U.S.C. § 1802*
  - Heading: **CHAPTER 43-NEWSPAPER PRESERVATION**

