### Question
How does SECURITIES EXCHANGES define affiliate of the issuer?


### Answer
Under *15 U.S.C. § 78bb*, **affiliate of the issuer** is defined as:

> a person that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with, the issuer

#### Citation:
  - *15 U.S.C. § 78bb*
  - Heading: **CHAPTER 2B-SECURITIES EXCHANGES**

